CN207034989U - A kind of double optical lens with free curved surface of LED car high beam - Google Patents
A kind of double optical lens with free curved surface of LED car high beam Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of double optical lens with free curved surface of LED car high beam.The forming method of the double free-form surface lens of high beam, double free-form surface lens are combined by two free form surfaces, and first free form surface is the plane of incidence, and second free form surface is exit facet, and optical lens is positioned over before chip.Lens upper and lower surfaces are all free form surfaces, and the light sent from chip reaches on objective plane by the correction of two free form surfaces, and each free form surface can be corrected flexibly to light, make illumination spot more uniform, and the outward appearance of curved surface is rounder and more smooth.This pair of free-form surface lens are simple in construction, efficiency of light energy utilization height, simple and stable structure, are easy to low assembling, cost, long lifespan, luminous intensity distribution performance good, meet GB25991 2010 light distribution requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a LED car lamp lighting technology field, in particular to two free-form surface optical lens of LED car high beam.
Background
Because the continuous breakthrough of LED chip technique and the improvement of packaging technology, LED's luminous efficacy obtains constantly promoting, the small that LED chip has, light in weight, high stability and high luminous efficacy more and more obtain the recognition and love of all trades, in recent years, LED is applied to the automotive lighting field and also more and more receives attention, especially the automotive headlamp field of using the LED light source, because the luminous model of LED chip is approximate to the cosine irradiator, optical characteristic is different from the incandescent filament light source of traditional car, will face more complicated optical design problem when making LED light source be applied to the automotive high beam, and current automotive high beam lens has the problem that the colour temperature is on the verge and the optical efficiency is not high, bring very big puzzlement for travelling comfort and security on the way, in order to make LED better be applied to the automotive lighting field, this problem needs to be solved urgently.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a problem to the aforesaid exists, a two free-form surface lenses of car high beam are provided, this lens incident surface and emergent surface all are free-form surface, two free-form surfaces all can be nimble correct the light, and the light efficiency utilization ratio is higher, make the illumination facula more even, no obvious dispersion phenomenon, can satisfy the grading requirement of new national standard to the car high beam, the optical design problem of using the LED light source has been solved, both solve the high problem of colour temperature and solve facula illuminance problem again.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by adopting at least one of the following technical schemes.
A double-free-form-surface optical lens of an LED automobile high beam is formed by combining two free-form surfaces, wherein the first free-form surface is an incident surface, the second free-form surface is an emergent surface, and the optical lens is placed in front of a chip. Is characterized in that: a rectangular coordinate system is established, an illumination surface is set 25 meters in front of the origin of coordinates, an elliptical area with the center point of the illumination surface as the center is determined, energy division is carried out on the elliptical area, the angle correction ratio of a first free-form surface and a second free-form surface is set, the mapping relation between the light-emitting angle of the chip and a target plane is firstly calculated, the corresponding relation between the light-emitting angle of the chip and the emergent angle of the first free-form surface is calculated by using the set angle correction coefficient of the first free-form surface, points on the first free-form surface are calculated by using an iterative calculation formula according to the corresponding relation, and then calculating points on a second free-form surface by using the corresponding relation between the light-emitting angle of the points on the first free-form surface and the points on the target plane and using an iterative calculation formula, and respectively pouring the obtained points into modeling software for modeling to obtain a model entity.
The double-free-form-surface optical lens is made of a transparent material, and the transparent material can be PC or PMMA or optical glass. The upper surface and the lower surface of the lens are double free-form surfaces, the transition surface between the upper surface and the lower surface of the lens is a cylindrical surface, and the cylindrical surface can be conveniently connected with the support, so that the lens is convenient to position, and the optical effect cannot be influenced.
Under the same size, the double-free-form-surface lens has higher light efficiency utilization rate than a single lens, and the Fresnel loss of the lens is lower, namely the incident surface of the double free-form-surface lens is a free-form surface rather than a plane of a single free-form surface, so that when the light source utilization angle is the same, the length of the curved surface is shorter, and when the size is the same, the light energy utilization angle of the double free-form-surface lens is larger.
The double-free-form-surface lens can stabilize the color temperature of transmitted light, light spots are uniform, the appearance structure of the lens is concave-convex, the first free-form surface is concave towards the inside of the lens, the second free-form surface is convex outwards, the whole lens can be regarded as a cemented lens formed by combining a positive lens and a negative lens in a spherical lens, and the cemented lens can well correct chromatic aberration.
The position relationship between the LED light source and the double-free-form-surface optical lens is as follows:the incident surface of the lens is positioned in front of the light emitting surface of the LED light source, and the center of the light emitting surface of the LED light source and the centers of the two free-form surfaces are on the same straight line. When light emitted by the LED light source passes through the lens, the free-form surface incident surface at the bottom of the lens and the free-form surface emergent surface at the top of the lens are respectively refracted and finally emitted to the illumination surface. The incident surface is a free-form surface, and the shape of the first free-form surface is determined as follows; a rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the central point of the light emitting surface of the LED light source as a coordinate origin O, the plane where the light emitting surface of the LED is located is an XOY plane, an axis which passes through the origin and is perpendicular to the XOY plane is a Z axis, and the XOZ plane is a horizontal plane. The intersection point with the Z axis is O (the distance between the point O and the point O is 25m), the plane parallel to the XOY plane is an illumination plane XOY plane, and the point O is the central point of the illumination plane; the light energy distribution on the illumination surface is realized by the superposition of the light emission of a plurality of LED light sources, and because the distance between the LED light sources is very small relative to the distance from the light sources to the illumination surface, in order to simplify the calculation, the light energy distribution can be calculated by one LED light source, and the total light energy distribution is directly obtained by adopting a multiple relation. Firstly, according to the illumination distribution characteristics of a high beam lamp of an automobile on an illumination surface, setting the illumination area on the illumination surface as an elliptical area with the central point of the illumination surface as the center, then carrying out meshing on the elliptical area, then dividing a light source solid angle by using an energy conservation law, and finally obtaining a free-form surface of a lens by numerical calculation by using a refraction law, wherein the shape of the free-form surface is specifically determined as follows: firstly, the distance between a target illumination surface and an LED is 25m, the central point of a chip is O, the plane where the chip is located is an XOY plane, the central point of the illumination surface is O, the plane where the illumination surface is located is an XOY plane, and the target illumination area is set to be oval, the major semi-axis of the oval is a, and the minor semi-axis of the oval is b; the coordinates of the illumination surface are divided into n parts, a, respectivelyiAnd biRespectively representing the ith part of the long half shaft a and the ith part of the short half shaft b after being equally divided, wherein i is more than 0 and less than or equal to n; then using the central point of the lighting surface as the center, respectively using aiIs a long half shaft, biThe lighting area is divided into n parts of elliptical ring belt area by drawing ellipse for the short semi-axis, and the angle α is divided into m parts equally, 0- α -360 degrees, αjThe j-th part of α after being equally divided is represented, and the included angle between the point o as an end point and the X axis is αjEach oval ring belt area is subdivided into m parts by the ray bundles; thus, the target illumination area is divided into m × n small lattices, and the energy in each small lattice is:
wherein α is the angle between the line connecting any point on the illumination surface and point o and the x-axis, and E.kiRepresenting illumination value, according to the requirements of national standard GB25991-2010, setting constant E as preset illumination value, combining variable kiThe method is used for controlling the illumination value of a designated area on an illumination surface, and sets a proper coefficient according to the difference of the illumination values of different areas in national standards, so that the illumination value of a light spot can meet the standard requirement, the light spot is uniform, the transition of the illumination values of different areas is smooth, and no obvious bright and dark boundary exists. Setting the light energy utilization angle of the chip according to the total luminous flux of the chip and the light intensity distribution of the chip, and decomposing the light energy solid angle into a rectangular coordinate system angle, whereinIs the angle between the emergent ray and the positive direction of Z axis, theta is the angle between the projection of the emergent ray on XOY plane and X axis, and the angle is divided into two partsThe mixture is divided into n parts by weight,to representThe first part of (a) to (b),and aiAnd biCorresponding; dividing the angle theta into m parts, thetajDenotes the jth part of theta, thetajAnd αjCorresponding; the luminous flux of the light source before reflection in each angle is:
according to the principle of conservation of energy, the method can obtain
Eb＝Ed
From the above two formulas, the corresponding grid points on the target illumination surface can be calculatedAnd thetajI.e. the mapping relationship between the light-exiting angle of the light and the target plane. Setting the angle correction ratio of the first free-form surface to the second free-form surface to be U: V, namely setting respective correction angles of the two free-form surfaces, and obtaining the angle of the emergent ray passing through the first free-form surface, for example, knowing that the angle of the incident ray isThe angle of the emergent ray isThe coefficient C is calculated by
C＝V/(U+V)
Therefore, the corresponding relation between the incident ray and the emergent ray of the first free-form surface can be calculated. In order to calculate the coordinates of all points on the free-form surface, the values of an initial point and a fixed angle theta are set firstly, namely the distance between the center point of the chip and the center point of the bottom surface of the lens is determined, after the initial point is determined, the normal vector of the initial point is solved by the refraction law, the tangent is solved by the normal vector, the coordinates of a second point on the curve are obtained by solving the intersection point of the tangent and the incident light, and the vector form of the refraction law can be expressed as:
wherein,is the unit vector of the incident light ray,is a unit vector of the outgoing light,is a unit normal vector, and n is the refractive index of the lens; through the iterative calculation formula, other points on the curve can be calculated in sequence, so that a complete free curve can be obtained; by fixing different values of the angle theta and varying the angleThe free curves form a series of free curves on the free-form surface, and finally the free curves form a first free-form surface of the lens. The emergent surface of the lens is also a free-form surface, and the shape of the second free-form surface is determined as follows; the corresponding relation between the light-emitting angle of the chip and the grid point on the illuminating surface and the coordinates of the discrete points on the first free curved surface can be obtained through the determining process of the first free curved surface, the discrete points on the first free curved surface are taken as the emergent points of light rays, the emergent light rays of the discrete points on the first free curved surface are incident light rays of points on the second free curved surface, and the connecting lines of the discrete points on the second free curved surface and the corresponding points on the target plane are emergent light rays, so that the corresponding relation between the incident light rays and the emergent light rays of the second free curved surface can be obtained. In order to calculate the coordinates of all points on the free-form surface, firstly setting a starting point and a fixed angle theta value, namely determining the thickness of the center of the lens, after the initial point is determined, calculating the normal vector of the initial point by the law of refraction, using the normal vector to calculate the tangent, calculating the intersection point of the tangent and the incident ray to obtain the coordinates of the second point on the curve, and sequentially calculating other points on the curve by the iterative calculation formula, so that the coordinates of all points on the free-form surface can be calculatedThis results in a complete free curve; by fixing different values of the angle theta and varying the angleThen a series of free curves on the free-form surface exit surface is obtained, and finally the free curves form a second free-form surface of the lens.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of as follows and technological effect: the double-free-form-surface lens is simple in structure, high in light energy utilization rate, simple and stable in structure, convenient to assemble, low in cost, long in service life and good in light distribution performance, meets the light distribution requirements of GB25991-2010, and overcomes the defects of serious dispersion, high color temperature, low light efficiency utilization rate and the like in the existing automobile lens lighting technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a dual-free-form surface lens according to an embodiment
FIG. 2 is a structural view of a dual-free-form lens according to an embodiment
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the meshing of the target area on the illumination surface in the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a light distribution principle of an LED high beam of an automobile in an embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a light distribution diagram of the incident surface of the double-free-form-surface lens in the embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a light distribution diagram of the exit surface of the double-free-form-surface lens in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The double-free-form-surface optical lens is made of a transparent material, and the transparent material can be PC or PMMA or optical glass. The upper surface and the lower surface of the lens are double free-form surfaces, the transition surface between the upper surface and the lower surface of the lens is a cylindrical surface, and the cylindrical surface can be conveniently connected with the support, so that the lens is convenient to position, and the optical effect cannot be influenced.
Under the same size, the double-free-form-surface lens has higher light efficiency utilization rate than a single lens, and the Fresnel loss of the lens is lower, namely the incident surface of the double free-form-surface lens is a free-form surface rather than a plane of a single free-form surface, so that when the light source utilization angle is the same, the length of the curved surface is shorter, and when the size is the same, the light energy utilization angle of the double free-form-surface lens is larger.
The double-free-form-surface lens can stabilize the color temperature of transmitted light, light spots are uniform, the appearance structure of the lens is concave-convex, the first free-form surface is concave towards the inside of the lens, the second free-form surface is convex outwards, the whole lens can be regarded as a cemented lens formed by combining a positive lens and a negative lens in a spherical lens, and the cemented lens can well correct chromatic aberration.
The position relationship between the LED light source and the double-free-form-surface optical lens is as follows: the incident surface of the lens is positioned in front of the light emitting surface of the LED light source, and the center of the light emitting surface of the LED light source and the centers of the two free-form surfaces are on the same straight line. When light emitted by the LED light source passes through the lens, the free-form surface incident surface at the bottom of the lens and the free-form surface emergent surface at the top of the lens are respectively refracted and finally emitted to the illumination surface. The incident surface is a free-form surface, and the shape of the first free-form surface is determined as follows; a rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the central point of the luminous surface of the LED light source as a coordinate origin O, the plane where the luminous surface of the LED is located is an XOY plane, an axis which passes through the origin and is vertical to the XOY plane is a Z axis, and the Z axis is the axis of the X axisThe medium XOZ plane is the horizontal plane. The intersection point with the Z axis is O (the distance between the point O and the point O is 25m), the plane parallel to the XOY plane is an illumination plane XOY plane, and the point O is the central point of the illumination plane; the light energy distribution on the illumination surface is realized by the superposition of the light emission of a plurality of LED light sources, and because the distance between the LED light sources is very small relative to the distance from the light sources to the illumination surface, in order to simplify the calculation, the light energy distribution can be calculated by one LED light source, and the total light energy distribution is directly obtained by adopting a multiple relation. Firstly, according to the illumination distribution characteristics of a high beam lamp of an automobile on an illumination surface, setting the illumination area on the illumination surface as an elliptical area with the central point of the illumination surface as the center, then carrying out meshing on the elliptical area, then dividing a light source solid angle by using an energy conservation law, and finally obtaining a free-form surface of a lens by numerical calculation by using a refraction law, wherein the shape of the free-form surface is specifically determined as follows: firstly, the distance between a target illumination surface and an LED is 25m, the central point of a chip is O, the plane where the chip is located is an XOY plane, the central point of the illumination surface is O, the plane where the illumination surface is located is an XOY plane, and the target illumination area is set to be oval, the major semi-axis of the oval is a, and the minor semi-axis of the oval is b; the coordinates of the illumination surface are divided into n parts, a, respectivelyiAnd biRespectively representing the ith part of the long half shaft a and the ith part of the short half shaft b after being equally divided, wherein i is more than 0 and less than or equal to n; then using the central point of the lighting surface as the center, respectively using aiIs a long half shaft, biThe lighting area is divided into n parts of elliptical ring belt area by drawing ellipse for the short semi-axis, and the angle α is divided into m parts equally, 0- α -360 degrees, αjThe j-th part of α after being equally divided is represented, and the included angle between the point o as an end point and the X axis is αjEach oval ring belt area is subdivided into m parts by the ray bundles; thus, the target illumination area is divided into m × n small lattices, and the energy in each small lattice is:
wherein α is on the illuminating surfaceAngle between line connecting any point and point o and x-axis, E.kiRepresenting illumination value, according to the requirements of national standard GB25991-2010, setting constant E as preset illumination value, combining variable kiThe method is used for controlling the illumination value of a designated area on an illumination surface, and sets a proper coefficient according to the difference of the illumination values of different areas in national standards, so that the illumination value of a light spot can meet the standard requirement, the light spot is uniform, the transition of the illumination values of different areas is smooth, and no obvious bright and dark boundary exists. Setting the light energy utilization angle of the chip according to the total luminous flux of the chip and the light intensity distribution of the chip, and decomposing the light energy solid angle into a rectangular coordinate system angle, whereinIs the angle between the emergent ray and the positive direction of Z axis, theta is the angle between the projection of the emergent ray on XOY plane and X axis, and the angle is divided into two partsThe mixture is divided into n parts by weight,to representThe first part of (a) to (b),and aiAnd biCorresponding; dividing the angle theta into m parts, thetajDenotes the jth part of theta, thetajAnd αjCorresponding; the luminous flux of the light source before reflection in each angle is:
according to the principle of conservation of energy, the method can obtain
Eb＝Ed
By adopting the two formulas of the above two formulas,calculating the correspondence of each grid point on the target illumination surfaceAnd thetajI.e. the mapping relationship between the light-exiting angle of the light and the target plane. Setting the angle correction ratio of the first free-form surface to the second free-form surface to be U: V, namely setting respective correction angles of the two free-form surfaces, and obtaining the angle of the emergent ray passing through the first free-form surface, for example, knowing that the angle of the incident ray isThe angle of the emergent ray isThe coefficient C is calculated by
C＝V/(U+V)
Therefore, the corresponding relation between the incident ray and the emergent ray of the first free-form surface can be calculated. In order to calculate the coordinates of all points on the free-form surface, the values of an initial point and a fixed angle theta are set firstly, namely the distance between the center point of the chip and the center point of the bottom surface of the lens is determined, after the initial point is determined, the normal vector of the initial point is solved by the refraction law, the tangent is solved by the normal vector, the coordinates of a second point on the curve are obtained by solving the intersection point of the tangent and the incident light, and the vector form of the refraction law can be expressed as:
wherein,is the unit vector of the incident light ray,is a unit vector of the outgoing light,is a unit normal vector, and n is the refractive index of the lens; through the iterative calculation formula, other points on the curve can be calculated in sequence, so that a complete free curve can be obtained; by fixing different values of the angle theta and varying the angleThe free curves form a series of free curves on the free-form surface, and finally the free curves form a first free-form surface of the lens. The emergent surface of the lens is also a free-form surface, and the shape of the second free-form surface is determined as follows; the corresponding relation between the light-emitting angle of the chip and the grid point on the illuminating surface and the coordinates of the discrete points on the first free-form surface can be obtained, the discrete points on the first free-form surface are taken as the emergent points of light rays, the emergent light rays of the discrete points on the first free-form surface are incident light rays of the points on the second free-form surface, the connecting line between the discrete points on the second free-form surface and the corresponding points on the target plane is emergent light rays, and therefore the corresponding relation between the incident light rays and the emergent light rays of the second free-form surface can be obtained. In order to calculate the coordinates of all points on the free-form surface, firstly setting a starting point and a fixed angle theta value, namely determining the thickness of the center of the lens, after the initial point is determined, calculating the normal vector of the initial point by the law of refraction, calculating a tangent line by using the normal vector, obtaining the coordinate of a second point on the curve by calculating the intersection point of the tangent line and an incident ray, and sequentially calculating other points on the curve by the iterative calculation formula so as to obtain a complete free curve; by fixing different values of the angle theta and varying the angleThen a series of free curves on the free-form surface exit surface is obtained, and finally the free curves form a second free-form surface of the lens.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the double-free-form-surface lens is composed of A, B two free-form surfaces and a cylindrical side surface; according to the national standard light distribution requirement and the illuminance distribution, the area of the illumination surface is set to be an elliptical area with the central point of the illumination surface as the center, and the elliptical area is subjected to grid division, as shown in fig. 3; then, according to the energy conservation, calculating the corresponding relation between the luminous angle of the chip and the grid of the illumination surface, as shown in fig. 4; setting the angle correction ratio of the two free-form surfaces, calculating a C value, and calculating the shape of the first free-form surface by using an iterative calculation formula according to the size of the C value and the corresponding relation between the light-emitting angle and the illumination surface, as shown in FIG. 5; taking the discrete point on the first free-form surface as the starting point of the incident ray of the second free-form surface, as shown in fig. 6, the discrete point on the second free-form surface and the corresponding grid point on the illumination surface are the emergent rays, and the point on the second free-form surface can be obtained by using the iterative calculation formula; and (4) introducing the points on the two obtained free curved surfaces into three-dimensional software for modeling to obtain a lens model.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a two free-form surface optical lens of LED car high beam which characterized in that: the upper surface and the lower surface of the lens are free-form surfaces, the first free-form surface is an incident surface and replaces an incident plane in a single free-form surface, the second free-form surface is an emergent surface, light rays emitted from the chip reach a target plane through the correction of the two free-form surfaces, each free-form surface can flexibly correct the light rays, lighting spots are more uniform, and the appearance of the curved surfaces is smooth.
2. The double-free-form-surface optical lens of the LED automobile high beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the double-free-form-surface lens has a concave-convex shape in appearance structure, the first free-form surface is concave towards the inside of the lens, the second free-form surface is convex towards the outside, and the whole lens is a cemented lens formed by combining a positive lens and a negative lens in a spherical lens.
3. The double-free-form-surface optical lens of the LED automobile high beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein: under the same size, the double-free-form-surface lens has higher light efficiency utilization rate than a single lens, the Fresnel loss of the lens is lower, and the incident surface of the double free-form-surface lens is a free-form surface instead of a plane of a single free-form surface, so that when the light source utilization angles are the same, the length of the curved surface is shorter, and when the sizes are the same, the light energy utilization angles of the double free-form-surface lens are larger.
4. The double-free-form-surface optical lens of the LED automobile high beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the double-free-form-surface lens can stabilize the color temperature of transmitted light, light spots are uniform, the appearance structure of the lens is concave-convex, the first free-form surface is concave towards the inside of the lens, the second free-form surface is convex outwards, the whole lens is a cemented lens formed by combining a positive lens and a negative lens in a spherical lens, so when the light passes through the double-free-form-surface lens, obvious dispersion cannot occur, the color temperature of the light spots can be well stabilized, the light spots cannot obviously deviate from blue or yellow, the two free-form-surface lenses are involved in light correction, the mapping relation between the light-emitting angle of a chip and a target plane is more accurate, the illumination set value on an illumination surface is closer to the actual illumination value, and the light spots are more.
5. The double-free-form-surface optical lens of the LED automobile high beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper surface and the lower surface of the lens are double free-form surfaces, the transition surface between the upper surface and the lower surface of the lens is a cylindrical surface, and the cylindrical surface can be conveniently connected with the support, so that the lens is convenient to position, and the optical effect cannot be influenced.
6. The double-free-form-surface optical lens of the LED automobile high beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein: according to the distribution requirement of illumination values of high beam lamps of automobile lamps in national standard, setting and utilizing a plurality of chip light-emitting angles, determining an elliptical area with a central point as the center on an illumination surface, annularly dividing the elliptical area, namely dividing the elliptical area into n concentric elliptical rings, setting the illumination value in the elliptical ring area, calculating the mapping relation between the light-emitting angle of the chip and a target illumination surface, obtaining the correction angle of light emitted from the chip according to the mapping relation, presetting the angle correction ratio of a first free curved surface and a second free curved surface, determining the respective correction angles of the first free curved surface and the second free curved surface according to the angle correction ratio, namely determining the emergent light of the two free curved surfaces, calculating the point on the first free curved surface by using an iterative calculation formula, and using the point on the first free curved surface as the starting point of incident light, then calculating points on the second free curved surface by using an iterative formula, and introducing the points on the two curved surfaces into three-dimensional software to obtain a lens entity;
the incident surface is a free-form surface, and the shape of the first free-form surface is determined as follows; establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the central point of the light emitting surface of the LED light source as a coordinate origin O, wherein the plane of the light emitting surface of the LED is an XOY plane, an axis which passes through the origin and is vertical to the XOY plane is a Z axis, the XOZ plane is a horizontal plane, the intersection point of the XOZ plane and the Z axis is O, the plane parallel to the XOY plane is an illumination plane XOY plane, and the point O is the central point of the illumination plane; the light energy distribution on the illumination surface is realized by the superposition of the luminescence of a plurality of LED light sources; firstly, according to the illumination distribution characteristics of a high beam lamp of an automobile on an illumination surface, setting the illumination area on the illumination surface as an elliptical area with the central point of the illumination surface as the center, then carrying out meshing on the elliptical area, then dividing a light source solid angle by using an energy conservation law, and finally obtaining a free-form surface of a lens by numerical calculation by using a refraction law, wherein the shape of the free-form surface is specifically determined as follows: firstly, the distance d between the target illumination surface and the LED is 25m, and the chip is provided with a central lensThe center point is O, the plane where the chip is located is an XOY plane, the center point where the lighting surface is located is O, the plane where the lighting surface is located is an XOY plane, and a target lighting area is set to be an ellipse, the major semi-axis of the ellipse is a, and the minor semi-axis of the ellipse is b; the coordinates of the illumination surface are divided into n parts, a, respectivelyiAnd biRespectively representing the ith part of the long half shaft a and the ith part of the short half shaft b after being equally divided, wherein i is more than 0 and less than or equal to n; then using the central point of the lighting surface as the center, respectively using aiIs a long half shaft, biThe lighting area is divided into n parts of elliptical ring belt area by drawing ellipse for the short semi-axis, and the angle α is divided into m parts equally, 0- α -360 degrees, αjThe j-th part of α after being equally divided is represented, and the included angle between the point o as an end point and the X axis is αjEach oval ring belt area is subdivided into m parts by the ray bundles; thus, the target illumination area is divided into m × n small lattices, and the energy in each small lattice is:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <msub> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> </msubsup> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mi>cos</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>sin</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mi>cos</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>sin</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>&alpha;</mi> </mrow>
wherein α is the angle between the line connecting any point on the illumination surface and point o and the x-axis, and E.kiRepresenting illumination value, according to the requirements of national standard GB25991-2010, setting constant E as preset illumination value, combining variable kiThe device is used for controlling the illumination value of a designated area on an illumination surface, and setting a proper coefficient according to the difference of the illumination values of different areas in national standards, so that the illumination value of a light spot can meet the standard requirement, the light spot is uniform, the transition of the illumination values of different areas is smooth, and no obvious bright and dark boundary exists; setting the light energy utilization angle of the chip according to the total luminous flux of the chip and the light intensity distribution of the chip, and decomposing the light energy solid angle into a rectangular coordinate system angle, whereinIs the angle between the emergent ray and the positive direction of Z axis, theta is the angle between the projection of the emergent ray on XOY plane and X axis, and the angle is divided into two partsThe mixture is divided into n parts by weight,to representThe first part of (a) to (b),and aiAnd biCorresponding; dividing the angle theta into m parts, thetajDenotes the jth part of theta, thetajAnd αjCorresponding; the luminous flux of the light source before reflection in each angle is:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <msub> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <msub> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>
according to the principle of conservation of energy, the method can obtain
Eb＝Ed，
Calculating the corresponding grid points on the target illumination surface according to the above two formulasAnd thetajThe mapping relation between the light-emitting angle of the light and the target plane; setting the angle correction ratio of the first free-form surface to the second free-form surface to be U: V, namely setting respective correction angles of the two free-form surfaces, and obtaining the angle of the emergent ray passing through the first free-form surface, for example, knowing that the angle of the incident ray isThe angle of the emergent ray isThe coefficient C is calculated by
C＝V/(U+V)
Further obtaining the corresponding relation between the incident ray and the emergent ray of the first free-form surface; in order to calculate the coordinates of all points on the free-form surface, the values of an initial point and a fixed angle theta are set firstly, namely the distance between the center point of the chip and the center point of the bottom surface of the lens is determined, after the initial point is determined, the normal vector of the initial point is solved by the refraction law, the tangent is solved by the normal vector, the coordinates of a second point on the curve are obtained by solving the intersection point of the tangent and the incident light, and the vector form of the refraction law can be expressed as:
wherein,is the unit vector of the incident light ray,is a unit vector of the outgoing light,is a unit normal vector, and n is the refractive index of the lens; through the iterative calculation formula, other points on the curve can be calculated in sequence, so that a complete free curve can be obtained; by fixing different values of the angle theta and varying the angleThe free curves form a series of free curves on the free-form surface, and finally the free curves form a first free-form surface of the lens.
7. The double-free-form-surface optical lens of the LED automobile high beam as claimed in claim 6, wherein:
the distance between the points O is 25 m.
8. The double-free-form-surface optical lens of the LED automobile high beam as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the exit surface of the lens is also a free-form surfaceThe shapes of the two free-form surfaces are determined as follows; the corresponding relation between the light-emitting angle of the chip and the grid point on the illuminating surface and the coordinates of the discrete points on the first free-form surface are obtained in the process of determining the shape of the first free-form surface, the discrete points on the first free-form surface are taken as the emergent points of light rays, the emergent light rays of the discrete points on the first free-form surface are incident light rays of points on the second free-form surface, the connecting line between the discrete points on the second free-form surface and the corresponding points on the target plane is emergent light rays, and then the corresponding relation between the incident light rays and the emergent light rays of the second free-form surface can be obtained; in order to calculate the coordinates of all points on the free-form surface, firstly setting a starting point and a fixed angle theta value, namely determining the thickness of the center of the lens, after the initial point is determined, calculating the normal vector of the initial point by the law of refraction, calculating a tangent line by using the normal vector, obtaining the coordinate of a second point on the curve by calculating the intersection point of the tangent line and an incident ray, and sequentially calculating other points on the curve by the iterative calculation formula so as to obtain a complete free curve; by fixing different values of the angle theta and varying the angleThen a series of free curves on the free-form surface exit surface is obtained, and finally the free curves form a second free-form surface of the lens.
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| WO2022057519A1 (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-03-24 | 常州星宇车灯股份有限公司 | Design method for hyperboloid collimating lens for vehicle lamps |
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| CN107687623A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2018-02-13 | 华南理工大学 | Double optical lens with free curved surface for LED car high beam |
| WO2022057519A1 (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-03-24 | 常州星宇车灯股份有限公司 | Design method for hyperboloid collimating lens for vehicle lamps |
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