CN206977443U - A kind of fast polarization feedback compensation device and Complex Channel quantum key distribution system - Google Patents
A kind of fast polarization feedback compensation device and Complex Channel quantum key distribution system Download PDFInfo
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- CN206977443U CN206977443U CN201720673579.7U CN201720673579U CN206977443U CN 206977443 U CN206977443 U CN 206977443U CN 201720673579 U CN201720673579 U CN 201720673579U CN 206977443 U CN206977443 U CN 206977443U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of fast polarization feedback compensation device, wherein, sender's polarization reference light prepares module and is connected to sender's WDM device, sender's WDM device connects electric Polarization Controller by quantum channel, electric Polarization Controller output end connects recipient's WDM device, output end connection recipient's Polarization Detection module of recipient's WDM device, the detector in recipient's Polarization Detection module are connected to electric Polarization Controller by feed back control system.A kind of quantum key distribution system based on above-mentioned compensation device is also disclosed in the utility model.The utility model has advantages below compared with prior art：The constant time lag that is prepared using single wavelength, two kinds of non-orthogonal states linear polarization reference lights of 45 ° of angles, recipient realize that the high speed to two kinds of different polarization states linear polarization reference lights, in real time detection and synchronous feedback compensate simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates generally to communication technical field, more quick to polarization characteristic also including classical optic communication aspect
The optical transmission chain of sense realizes polarization feedback compensation at a high speed, realizes the quantum key distribution of Complex Channel.
Background technology
In photosystem, BB84 agreements transmit information using the polarization state of four photons, and this four quantum states again can be with
Be divided into mutually non-orthogonal two groups, and while the polarization state of two photons in every group is orthogonal this two groups be mutually altogether again
Yoke.If single photon communication system, then this four quantum states are respectively the horizontal state of polarization H of photon | it is (being denoted as →), vertical
Polarization state V (being denoted as ↑), the polarization state P of 4 π polarization directions | (Ji Zuo ↗), the polarization state N of 4 π-polarization direction | (Ji Zuo ↘).Its
In, the first two state is one group of measurement base, and latter two state is one group of measurement base.When sender Alice is communicated with recipient Bob
When, it is not only to use a certain group of measurement base, but two groups of measurement bases are used simultaneously according to certain probability.The work of BB84 agreements
Process is as follows：
First stage
Quantum communications
1) Alice produces an incident quantum Bit String S=﹛ S based on four polarization directions of linear polarization photon1,
S2, S3... ... Sn﹜, wherein
2) the quantum bit string is sent to Bob by Alice by quantum transmission channel, wherein between adjacent quantum bit when
Between at intervals of Δ τ.
3) information of recipient Bob receive informations sender Alice transmission, and a selected random measurement basic sequence M is surveyed
Measure the photon that he receives, wherein M=﹛ m1, m2, m3... ... mn﹜, wherein mi∈ ﹛+, x ﹜ ,+, x is respectively to be directed to two groups of state photons
Measurement base.
Second stage
Classical communication
4) recipient Bob sends information to information sender Alice, and informs that himself makes on which quantum bit position
With which measurement base.
5) after the information of Bob transmissions is received, the base used when being sent with me compares information sender Alice one by one
It is right, and notify that the base that recipient Bob is selected on which position is correct, which is wrong.
6) information sender Alice and recipient Bob loses the part that measurement base selection is disagreed and preserves use
The particle bit of same measurement base, and choose same section from the information of preservation and compared in classical channel.Channel
Information sender Alice and recipient Bob data should be no differences in the case of safety.If eavesdropping be present,
Different parts occurs in Alice and Bob data.
If 7) do not eavesdropped, both sides are using the remaining position remained as final key, and Alice and Bob are under
Quantum state is encoded into binary bits by the mode in face：Obtain primary key.
Trick state BB84 schemes based on polarization encoder have that technology is easily-controllable, working frequency is high, into advantages such as code check height；But
Such as electric aerial optical cable, bridge aerial optical cable, communication highway optical cable, railway communication optical cable, mountain area communication optical cable and
In the adverse circumstances such as submarine optical fiber cable, because intense environment influences unpredictalbe polarization variations occur for the polarization state of photon, seriously
Influence normal quantum key distribution process.Therefore the quantum secret communication based on polarization encoder need to develop fast polarization feedback
Compensation system solves this important problem, ensures that quantum communications equipment adapts in the environment of full geographical conditions and all weather conditions
Property.
In existing technical scheme, channel polarization feedback compensation typically using with quantum channel altogether transmission (in the same direction/
Backwards to) realize that link polarization state detect and carries out feedback compensation, it is main include by being carried out partially to single polarization state reference light
Change of shaking is tracked, and link transmission polarization compensation is realized by rotating wave plate or other modulation compensated modes；In addition, also there is phase
Guan researcher is polarized and tracked feedback scheme using the nonopiate polarization state of two different centre wavelengths.
In existing technical scheme, it is difficult that link is compared to carry out polarization compensation using the reference light of single polarization state
Accurate state of polarization auto compensation reduction, typically carries out multiplexed communications using a pair of orthogonal polarised light (H and V), it is only necessary to using steady inclined
Device is tracked feedback to single polarization state.And quantum secret communication uses the nonopiate polarization state of two couples of BB84 agreements
(H, P and V, N) carries out palarization multiplexing.Transmitted in same root optical fiber, not only H polarization states and P polarization state change in poincare sphere
Relation be Stokes vector angle 45*2 degree restriction relation (if such as H be defined as poincare sphere S1 axles, P may change to S2 institutes
Any point on radial line), and each axle of electric Polarization Controller is interrelated influence on polarization regulation, therefore realize quick
Full polarization state restore at least need simultaneously to be tracked two nonopiate polarization states (FH and FP) and feed back ability compensation link it is inclined
Shake change.It is slower there is also response frequency that polarization compensation mode tackles the environment that extraneous polarization variations frequency is high, disturbance is larger
Problem, it is difficult to ensure that QKD system stablizes lasting operation into code.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model be the provision of one kind can solve the problem that above-mentioned link polarization compensation and
The problem of speed of response is slow, the fast polarization feedback of the larger environmental suitability for improving Complex Channel quantum key distribution system are mended
Repay device and Complex Channel quantum key distribution system.
The utility model is that solve above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs：A kind of fast polarization feedback compensation dress
Put, including sender's polarization reference light prepares module, sender's WDM device, electric Polarization Controller, recipient's wavelength-division are answered
With device, recipient's Polarization Detection module, and feed back control system；
Sender's polarization reference light prepares module and is connected to sender's WDM device, and sender's WDM device leads to
Cross quantum channel and connect electric Polarization Controller, electric Polarization Controller output end connects recipient's WDM device, receives square wave
Output end connection recipient's Polarization Detection module of point multiplexer, the detector in recipient's Polarization Detection module pass through feedback
Control device is connected to electric Polarization Controller；
Sender's polarization reference light preparation module is for preparing constant time lag, two nonopiate linear polarizations of 45 ° of angles are joined
Light is examined, recipient's Polarization Detection module is used to receive and the nonopiate linear polarization reference light of feedback compensation two, and it is right that receiving terminal passes through
The polarization state of reference light carries out counting detection and in this, as feedback according to regulation receiving terminal electricity Polarization Controller in real time, recovers letter
The polarization state of number light.
The feed back control system can be the miniature CPU such as DSP, high-performance MCU, ARM.
Optimization, described sender polarization reference light, which prepares module, includes distributed feedback laser, polarization-maintaining adjustable damping
Device, the 1st:50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters, fixed polarization fiber, and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus；
The output end of wherein described distributed feedback laser is connected to polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator input, and polarization-maintaining is adjustable to decline
Subtract device output end and be connected to the 1st:The input of 50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters, the one 50:The output end of 50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters connects respectively
Fixed polarization fiber and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus are connect, it is inclined that fixed polarization fiber output end is connected to the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining
Shake beam splitter；
The output end of one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus is connected to sender's WDM device.
Optimization, recipient's Polarization Detection module includes the 2nd 90:10 beam splitters, the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintainings point
Beam device, the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, and the 0th detector, the first detector,
Two detectors, the 3rd detector, the 4th detector；
2nd 90:One end of the energy of output 90% of 10 beam splitters is connected to the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters, it is defeated
The one end for going out 10% energy is connected to the 4th detector, and the 3rd 50:The output end of 50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters connects second respectively
90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus and the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus output end connect respectively
Zero detector, the first detector, the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus output end connect the second detector and the 3rd detector respectively,
Using 90:The purpose of 10 beam splitters is to ensure that 10% beam splitting energy i.e. synchronous reference signal can be in the 4th detector discriminating threshold
In the range of value, while larger loss is not introduced yet in primary link (i.e. 90% transmission path) so that the 0th detector, first are visited
Device, the second detector, the detection count value of the 3rd detector is surveyed to finely tune to optimum value in the range of it can screen；
0th detector, the first detector, the second detector, the output end of the 3rd detector are connected by feed back control system
It is connected to electric Polarization Controller.
Specifically, the process of fast polarization feedback includes：
Sender's polarization reference light preparation process：The some cycles reference light as caused by distributed feedback laser, according to
Recipient's power detection value, using polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator in real time, adjust automatically reference light to proper level, by the 1st:
50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters are beamed into two-way light, wherein all the way by fixed polarization fiber be delayed, can be distinguished in sequential two it is non-
Orthogonal state linearly polarized light, another way light are directly entered the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, are finally polarized by the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining
Two-way light is carried out conjunction beam by beam splitter；
Quantum channel transmitting procedure：The two-way light for closing Shu Yihou is multiplexed to quantum letter using sender's WDM device
Road, quantum channel isolate polarization reference light after electric Polarization Controller, using recipient's WDM device demultiplexing；
Recipient's polarization reference light detection process：Sender prepares two-way with reference to relatively independent in optical time domain, two-way light with
Constant time lag difference arrives separately at recipient, by the 2nd 90:The energy of 10 beam splitter beam splitting 10% directly reaches the 4th detector, arrives
Up to synchronous refernce clocks signal of the light as whole polarization feedback compensator of the 4th detector；Another part energy is through the 3rd
50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters are divided into equicohesive two-way light, are protected respectively through the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus and the 3rd 90 °
Inclined polarization beam apparatus is beamed into four roads to corresponding No. four detector；
The process of feedback compensation：Ratio, and the second detector are counted by the light intensity of the 0th detector and the first detector
Ratio is counted to judge link change situation with the light intensity of the 3rd detector, when any group of ratio is less than given threshold, passes through feedback
Control device carries out voltage control signal to electric Polarization Controller and issued, and ensures two groups of countings than stability maintenance on given threshold.
Optimization, the electric Polarization Controller is using six axle electricity Polarization Controllers.
The utility model additionally provides a kind of quantum of the Complex Channel based on above-mentioned fast polarization feedback compensation device
Key distribution system, including the emitter and reception device connected by quantum channel, the emitter are sent out including QKD
Penetrate end Alice, sender's polarization reference light prepares module, sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module, QKD transmitting terminals Alice and transmission
Square polarization reference light prepares module and is all connected to sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module；
The reception device includes electric Polarization Controller, recipient's Wavelength division multiplexing module, recipient's Polarization Detection module, anti-
Control device is presented, and QKD receiving terminals Bob, the output end of electric Polarization Controller are connected to recipient's Wavelength division multiplexing module, receive
The output end of square Wavelength division multiplexing module is connected to recipient's Polarization Detection module and QKD receiving terminal Bob, recipient's polarization simultaneously
The output end of detection module is connected to electric Polarization Controller by feed back control system；
Sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module connects electric Polarization Controller by quantum channel；
QKD transmitting terminals Alice is used for emission measure subsignal light, and sender's polarization reference light prepares module and is used to prepare fixation
Delay, two nonopiate linear polarization reference lights of 45 ° of angles, sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module is by QKD flashlights and with reference to optocoupler
It is incorporated into same optical fiber to be transmitted, ensures quantum channel signal light and linear polarization reference light when different using time-division multiplex technology
Sent in sequence；
QKD receiving terminals Bob is used for reception amount subsignal light, and recipient's Polarization Detection module is used to receive and feedback compensation two
Individual nonopiate linear polarization reference light, receiving terminal to the polarization state of reference light by carrying out counting detection and in this, as feedback foundation
Regulation receiving terminal electricity Polarization Controller in real time, recover the polarization state of flashlight.
Optimization, described sender polarization reference light, which prepares module, includes distributed feedback laser, polarization-maintaining adjustable damping
Device, the 1st:50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters, fixed polarization fiber, and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus；
The output end of wherein described distributed feedback laser is connected to polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator input, and polarization-maintaining is adjustable to decline
Subtract device output end and be connected to the 1st:The input of 50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters, the one 50:The output end of 50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters connects respectively
Fixed polarization fiber and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus are connect, it is inclined that fixed polarization fiber output end is connected to the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining
Shake beam splitter；
The output end of one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus is connected to sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module.
Optimization, recipient's Polarization Detection module includes the 2nd 90:10 beam splitters, the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintainings point
Beam device, the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, and the 0th detector, the first detector,
Two detectors, the 3rd detector, the 4th detector；
2nd 90:One end of the energy of output 90% of 10 beam splitters is connected to the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters, it is defeated
The one end for going out 10% energy is connected to the 4th detector, and the 3rd 50:The output end of 50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters connects second respectively
90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus and the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus output end connect respectively
Zero detector, the first detector, the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus output end connect the second detector and the 3rd detector respectively；
0th detector, the first detector, the second detector, the output end of the 3rd detector are connected by feed back control system
It is connected to electric Polarization Controller.
Specifically, the course of work of system includes：
Sender's polarization reference light preparation process：The some cycles reference light as caused by distributed feedback laser, according to
Recipient's power detection value, using polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator in real time, adjust automatically reference light to proper level, by the 1st:
50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters are beamed into two-way light, wherein all the way by fixed polarization fiber be delayed, can be distinguished in sequential two it is non-
Orthogonal state linearly polarized light, another way light are directly entered the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, are finally polarized by the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining
Two-way light is carried out conjunction beam by beam splitter；
Quantum channel transmitting procedure：Close the quantum signal light profit that Shu Yihou two-way light and QKD transmitting terminals Alice are sent
It is multiplexed with sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module to quantum channel, quantum channel utilizes recipient's wavelength-division after electric Polarization Controller
Multiplexing module demultiplexing isolates polarization reference light and quantum signal light, and quantum signal light reaches QKD receiving terminals Bob；
Recipient's polarization reference light detection process：Sender prepares two-way with reference to relatively independent in optical time domain, two-way light with
Constant time lag difference arrives separately at recipient, by the 2nd 90:The energy of 10 beam splitter beam splitting 10% directly reaches the 4th detector, arrives
Up to the 4th detector light as synchronous refernce clocks signal；Another part energy is through the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters point
Into equicohesive two-way light, four tunnels are beamed into through the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus and the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus respectively
To corresponding No. four detectors；
The process of feedback compensation：Ratio, and the second detector are counted by the light intensity of the 0th detector and the first detector
Ratio is counted to judge link change situation with the light intensity of the 3rd detector, when any group of ratio is less than given threshold, passes through feedback
Control device carries out voltage control signal to electric Polarization Controller and issued, and ensures two groups of countings than stability maintenance on given threshold.
Optimization, the electric Polarization Controller is using six axle electricity Polarization Controllers.
The utility model has advantages below compared with prior art：
1st, the constant time lag that is prepared using single wavelength, two kinds of non-orthogonal states linear polarization reference lights of 45 ° of angles, recipient
Realize that the high speed to two kinds of different polarization states linear polarization reference lights, in real time detection and synchronous feedback compensate simultaneously.
2nd, high-speed, real-time polarization compensation are carried out using six axle electricity Polarization Controllers, the system of ensure that being capable of high efficiency
Stable operation.
3rd, recipient consults according to light intensity count detection, transmitting-receiving two-end, is automatically adjusted to suitable light intensity water in real time by VOA
It is flat.
4th, ensure that quantum channel signal light is sent in different sequential from linear polarization reference light using time-division multiplex technology, carry
High tolerable and rear end detection feedback efficiency of the quantum channel to reference light light intensity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of the fast polarization feedback compensation device in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of six axle electricity Polarization Controllers in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of the Complex Channel quantum key distribution system in the utility model embodiment.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present utility model is elaborated below, the present embodiment using technical solutions of the utility model before
Put and implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but the scope of protection of the utility model is unlimited
In following embodiments.
The light path system structural principle of fast polarization feedback compensation device is as shown in figure 1, polarization feedback compensator includes
Sender's polarization reference light prepare module, sender's WDM device, electric Polarization Controller, recipient's WDM device,
Recipient's Polarization Detection module, and DSP (Digital Signal Processing) feed back control system.
Described sender polarization reference light, which prepares module, includes distributed feedback laser (DFB), polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator
(VOA) the, the 1st:50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters (BS1), fixed polarization fiber (PMF), and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus
(PBS1)。
The output end of wherein described distributed feedback laser (DFB) is connected to polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator (VOA) input,
Polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator (VOA) output end is connected to the 1st:The input of 50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters (BS1), the one 50:50 polarization-maintainings
The output end of beam splitter (BS1) is connected polarization fiber (PMF) and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS1) respectively,
Fixed polarization fiber (PMF) output end is connected to the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS1).
The output end of one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS1) is connected to sender's WDM device WDM.
Sender's WDM device WDM connects electric Polarization Controller, electric Polarization Controller output end by quantum channel
Connect recipient's WDM device, output end connection recipient's Polarization Detection module of recipient's WDM device.
Recipient's Polarization Detection module includes the 2nd 90:10 beam splitters (BS2), the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitting
Device (BS3), the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS2), the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS3), and the 0th detection
Device D0, the first detector D1, the second detector D2, the 3rd detector D3, the 4th detector D4.
2nd 90:One end of the energy of output 90% of 10 beam splitters (BS2) is connected to the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitting
Device (BS3), one end of 10% energy of output are connected to the 4th detector D4, and the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters (BS3)
Output end connects the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS2) and the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS3) respectively, and second
90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS2) output ends connect the 0th detector D0, the first detector D1, the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization respectively
Beam splitter (PBS3) output end meets the second detector D2 and the 3rd detector D3 respectively.
0th detector D0, the first detector D1, the second detector D2, the 3rd detector D3 output end pass through DSP (numbers
Word signal transacting) feed back control system is connected to electric Polarization Controller.
The process of fast polarization feedback includes：
Sender's polarization reference light preparation process：The some cycles reference light as caused by distributed feedback laser (DFB),
According to recipient's power detection value, using polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator (VOA) in real time, adjust automatically reference light to proper level, warp
Cross the 1st:50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters (BS1) are beamed into two-way light, wherein all the way by fixed polarization fiber (PMF) be delayed, when
Two non-orthogonal states linearly polarized lights can be distinguished in sequence, another way light is directly entered the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS1),
Two-way light is finally subjected to conjunction beam by the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS1).
Quantum channel transmitting procedure：The two-way light for closing Shu Yihou is multiplexed to quantum using sender's WDM device WDM
Channel, quantum channel are isolated partially after electric Polarization Controller (EPC) using recipient's WDM device WDM demultiplexings
Shake reference light.
Recipient's polarization reference light detection process：Sender prepares two-way with reference to relatively independent in optical time domain, two-way light with
Constant time lag difference arrives separately at recipient, by the 2nd 90:The energy of 10 beam splitters (BS2) beam splitting 10% directly reaches the 4th detection
Device D4, reach synchronous refernce clocks signal of the 4th detector D4 light as whole polarization feedback compensator；Another part
Energy is through the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters (BS3) are divided into equicohesive two-way light, respectively through the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization point
Beam device (PBS2) and the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS3) be beamed into four roads to corresponding No. four detector D0, D1, D2,
D3。
The process of feedback compensation：Pass through the 0th detector D0, the first detector D1, the second detector D2, the 3rd detector
D3 ends light intensity is counted than D0/D1, D2/D3 to judge link change situation, in any group of ratio of D0/D1, D2/D3 less than setting threshold
During value, electric Polarization Controller (EPC) is carried out under voltage control signal by DSP (Digital Signal Processing) feed back control systems
Hair, ensure two groups of countings than stability maintenance on given threshold.
When environment applies an acutely disturbance M to fiber link, the signal photon polarization state of quantum key distribution will become
For { H', P'}=M { H, P }, fast polarization feedback are also changed into { FH', FP'}=M { FH, FP } with reference to light polarization.Quick polarization is anti-
Feedback system is by reference light polarization variations in detection fiber link, according to the polarization control in feedback algorithm quick regulation fiber link
Device processed, applying a quick adverse effect M' to optical fiber so that reference light polarization recovery is { FH ", FP " }=M'{ FH',
FP'}=M'M { FH, FP }={ FH, FP }.Then the signal photon polarization state of quantum key distribution be also changed into simultaneously by compensation H ",
P " }=M'{ H', P'}=M'M { H, P }={ H, P }.In a word, fast polarization feedback technology is realized in usual quantum key distribution
A pair of nonopiate polarization state reference lights are added in fiber link, by being monitored in real time to changing with reference to polarization state, and root
According to Polarization Controller in polarization feedback algorithm at a high speed regulation fiber link, so as to realize to quantum key distribution light in fiber link
The polarization state of son carries out quick real-time tracing compensation, ensures the stable continuous running of quantum communications.
In the embodiment, electric Polarization Controller is using six axle electricity Polarization Controllers, as shown in Fig. 2 six axles electricity polarization
There are controller six piezoelectricity to extrude module, apply 0 degree and 45 degree of directional pressures to optical fiber successively.Six axle electricity Polarization Controllers are not
Polarization regulating power more comprehensively evenly is only showed in poincare sphere, and multiple extrusion axises reduce three axles polarization regulation process
Reset issues repeatedly, accelerate the feedback efficiency of two non-orthogonal reference light.Certainly, using three axle electricity Polarization Controllers or four
Axle electricity Polarization Controller can equally realize the purpose of this utility model, simply by verification experimental verification, use the electricity polarization control of six axles
More comprehensively evenly, feedback efficiency is higher for the polarization regulating power that device processed reaches.
The realization of the quantum key distribution system of Complex Channel is realized based on above-mentioned fast polarization feedback compensation device, should
The theory structure of the quantum key distribution system of Complex Channel is as shown in Figure 3.
The quantum key distribution system of the Complex Channel includes the emitter connected by quantum channel and received to fill
Put.
The emitter includes QKD transmitting terminals Alice, sender's polarization reference light prepares module, sender's wavelength-division is answered
Use module.QKD transmitting terminals Alice and sender's polarization reference light prepare module and are all connected to sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module.
The reception device include electric Polarization Controller, recipient's Wavelength division multiplexing module, recipient's Polarization Detection module,
DSP (Digital Signal Processing) feed back control system, and QKD receiving terminals Bob.The output end of electric Polarization Controller is connected to reception
Square Wavelength division multiplexing module, the output end of recipient's Wavelength division multiplexing module are connected to recipient's Polarization Detection module and QKD simultaneously
Receiving terminal Bob, the output end of recipient's Polarization Detection module are connected to electricity by DSP (Digital Signal Processing) feed back control system
Polarization Controller.
QKD transmitting terminals Alice is used for emission measure subsignal light, and sender's polarization reference light prepares module and is used to prepare fixation
Delay, two nonopiate linear polarization reference lights of 45 ° of angles, sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module join QKD flashlights and linear polarization
Examine and be optically coupled into same optical fiber and be transmitted, ensure that quantum channel signal light exists with linear polarization reference light using time-division multiplex technology
Sent in different sequential, reduce influence of the linear polarization reference light to quantum signal light.
QKD receiving terminals Bob is used for reception amount subsignal light, and recipient's Polarization Detection module is used to receive and feedback compensation two
Individual nonopiate linear polarization reference light, receiving terminal to the polarization state of reference light by carrying out counting detection and in this, as feedback foundation
The electric Polarization Controller of regulation receiving terminal in real time, recover the polarization state of flashlight.
Specifically, prepared by described sender polarization reference light, module includes distributed feedback laser (DFB), polarization-maintaining is adjustable
Attenuator (VOA), the 1st:50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters (BS1), fixed polarization fiber (PMF), and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization point
Beam device (PBS1).
The output end of wherein described distributed feedback laser (DFB) is connected to polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator (VOA) input,
Polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator (VOA) output end is connected to the 1st:The input of 50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters (BS1), the one 50:50 polarization-maintainings
The output end of beam splitter (BS1) is connected polarization fiber (PMF) and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS1) respectively,
Fixed polarization fiber (PMF) output end is connected to the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS1).
The output end of one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS1) is connected to sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module.
Sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module connects electric Polarization Controller, electric Polarization Controller output end connection by quantum channel
Recipient's Wavelength division multiplexing module, output end connection recipient's Polarization Detection module of recipient's Wavelength division multiplexing module.
Recipient's Polarization Detection module includes the 2nd 90:10 beam splitters (BS2), the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitting
Device (BS3), the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS2), the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS3), and the 0th detection
Device D0, the first detector D1, the second detector D2, the 3rd detector D3, the 4th detector D4.
2nd 90:One end of the energy of output 90% of 10 beam splitters (BS2) is connected to the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitting
Device (BS3), one end of 10% energy of output are connected to the 4th detector D4, and the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters (BS3)
Output end connects the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS2) and the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS3) respectively, and second
90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS2) output ends connect the 0th detector D0, the first detector D1, the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization respectively
Beam splitter (PBS3) output end meets the second detector D2 and the 3rd detector D3 respectively.
0th detector D0, the first detector D1, the second detector D2, the 3rd detector D3 output end pass through DSP (numbers
Word signal transacting) feed back control system is connected to electric Polarization Controller.
The course of work of the quantum key distribution system of the Complex Channel is as follows：
Sender's polarization reference light preparation process：The some cycles reference light as caused by distributed feedback laser (DFB),
According to recipient's power detection value, using polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator (VOA) in real time, adjust automatically reference light to proper level, warp
Cross the 1st:50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters (BS1) are beamed into two-way light, wherein all the way by fixed polarization fiber (PMF) be delayed, when
Two non-orthogonal states linearly polarized lights can be distinguished in sequence, another way light is directly entered the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS1),
Two-way light is finally subjected to conjunction beam by the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS1).
Quantum channel transmitting procedure：Close the quantum signal light profit that Shu Yihou two-way light and QKD transmitting terminals Alice are sent
It is multiplexed with sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module to quantum channel, quantum channel and utilizes recipient after electric Polarization Controller (EPC)
Wavelength division multiplexing module demultiplexing isolates polarization reference light and quantum signal light, and quantum signal light reaches QKD receiving terminals Bob.
Recipient's polarization reference light detection process：Sender prepares two-way with reference to relatively independent in optical time domain, two-way light with
Constant time lag difference arrives separately at recipient, by the 2nd 90:The energy of 10 beam splitters (BS2) beam splitting 10% directly reaches the 4th detection
Device D4, the 4th detector D4 light is reached as synchronous refernce clocks signal；Another part energy is through the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of guarantors
Inclined beam splitter (BS3) is divided into equicohesive two-way light, is protected respectively through the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus (PBS2) and the 3rd 90 °
Inclined polarization beam apparatus (PBS3) is beamed into four roads to corresponding No. four detector D0, D1, D2, D3.
The process of feedback compensation：Pass through the 0th detector D0, the first detector D1, the second detector D2, the 3rd detector
D3 ends light intensity is counted than D0/D1, D2/D3 to judge link change situation, in any group of ratio of D0/D1, D2/D3 less than setting threshold
During value, electric Polarization Controller (EPC) is carried out under voltage control signal by DSP (Digital Signal Processing) feed back control systems
Hair, ensure two groups of countings than stability maintenance on given threshold.
This programme prepares constant time lag by single wavelength, two kinds of linearly polarized lights of 45 ° of angles are used as reference light, is receiving
Side's monitoring polarization state simultaneously realizes high speed polarization compensation to link by six axle electricity Polarization Controllers.Light path realization side in this programme
Formula is not limited solely to optical fiber optical device, and also other embodiment is realized including space optics etc..
Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, it is all at this not to limit the utility model
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principle of utility model etc., should be included in the utility model
Protection domain within.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of fast polarization feedback compensation device, it is characterised in that prepare module, sender including sender's polarization reference light
WDM device, electric Polarization Controller, recipient's WDM device, recipient's Polarization Detection module, and feedback control
Device；
Sender's polarization reference light prepares module and is connected to sender's WDM device, sender's WDM device throughput
Subchannel connects electric Polarization Controller, and electric Polarization Controller output end connects recipient's WDM device, and recipient's wavelength-division is answered
Recipient's Polarization Detection module is connected with the output end of device, and the detector in recipient's Polarization Detection module passes through feedback control
Device is connected to electric Polarization Controller.
A kind of 2. fast polarization feedback compensation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described sender polarization ginseng
Examining light preparation module includes distributed feedback laser, polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator, the 1st:50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters, fixed polarization
Optical fiber, and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus；
The output end of wherein described distributed feedback laser is connected to polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator input, polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator
Output end is connected to the 1st:The input of 50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters, the one 50:The output end of 50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters connects solid respectively
Determine polarization fiber and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, fixed polarization fiber output end is connected to the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization point
Beam device；
The output end of one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus is connected to sender's WDM device.
3. a kind of fast polarization feedback compensation device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the recipient polarizes inspection
Surveying module includes the 2nd 90:10 beam splitters, the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters, the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, the 3rd
90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, and the 0th detector, the first detector, the second detector, the 3rd detector, the 4th detector；
2nd 90:One end of the energy of output 90% of 10 beam splitters is connected to the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters, output
One end of 10% energy is connected to the 4th detector, and the 3rd 50:The output end of 50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters connects second respectively
90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus and the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus output end connect respectively
Zero detector, the first detector, the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus output end connect the second detector and the 3rd detector respectively；
0th detector, the first detector, the second detector, the output end of the 3rd detector are connected to by feed back control system
Electric Polarization Controller.
A kind of 4. fast polarization feedback compensation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the electricity
Polarization Controller is using six axle electricity Polarization Controllers.
5. a kind of quantum key distribution system of Complex Channel, including the emitter and reception dress connected by quantum channel
Put, it is characterised in that
The emitter includes QKD transmitting terminals Alice, sender's polarization reference light prepares module, sender's wavelength-division multiplex mould
Block, QKD transmitting terminals Alice and sender's polarization reference light prepare module and are all connected to sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module；
The reception device includes electric Polarization Controller, recipient's Wavelength division multiplexing module, recipient's Polarization Detection module, feedback control
Device processed, and QKD receiving terminals Bob, the output end of electric Polarization Controller are connected to recipient's Wavelength division multiplexing module, receive square wave
The output end of Multiplexing module is divided to be connected to recipient's Polarization Detection module and QKD receiving terminal Bob, recipient's Polarization Detection simultaneously
The output end of module is connected to electric Polarization Controller by feed back control system；
Sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module connects electric Polarization Controller by quantum channel.
6. the quantum key distribution system of Complex Channel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described sender polarizes
Reference light, which prepares module, includes distributed feedback laser, polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator, the 1st:50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters, fix partially
Shake optical fiber, and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus；
The output end of wherein described distributed feedback laser is connected to polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator input, polarization-maintaining adjustable attenuator
Output end is connected to the 1st:The input of 50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters, the one 50:The output end of 50 polarization-maintaining beam splitters connects solid respectively
Determine polarization fiber and the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, fixed polarization fiber output end is connected to the one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization point
Beam device；
The output end of one 45 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus is connected to sender's Wavelength division multiplexing module.
7. the quantum key distribution system of Complex Channel according to claim 6, it is characterised in that recipient's polarization
Detection module includes the 2nd 90:10 beam splitters, the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters, the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus,
3 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, and the 0th detector, the first detector, the second detector, the 3rd detector, the 4th detection
Device；
2nd 90:One end of the energy of output 90% of 10 beam splitters is connected to the 3rd 50:50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters, output
One end of 10% energy is connected to the 4th detector, and the 3rd 50:The output end of 50 45 ° of polarization-maintaining beam splitters connects second respectively
90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus and the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus, the 2nd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus output end connect respectively
Zero detector, the first detector, the 3rd 90 ° of polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus output end connect the second detector and the 3rd detector respectively；
0th detector, the first detector, the second detector, the output end of the 3rd detector are connected to by feed back control system
Electric Polarization Controller.
8. the quantum key distribution system of the Complex Channel according to any one of claim 5 to 7, it is characterised in that described
Electric Polarization Controller is using six axle electricity Polarization Controllers.
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| CN108712254A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-10-26 | 清华大学 | A kind of quantum key distribution system and method |
| CN109039594A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2018-12-18 | 科大国盾量子技术股份有限公司 | A kind of fast polarization feedback compensation device and Complex Channel quantum key distribution system |
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