CN206918123U

CN206918123U - A kind of clutch and the speed changer using the clutch

Info

Publication number: CN206918123U
Application number: CN201720534806.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘国陶
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-05-13
Filing date: 2017-05-13
Publication date: 2018-01-23
Anticipated expiration: 2027-05-13

Abstract

It the utility model is related to a kind of clutch and the speed changer using the clutch.A kind of clutch, including driving part and slave unit, multigroup clutch, clutch connection elastomeric element and/or synchronous circle are connected with driving part and/or slave unit, every group of clutch includes brake pad and kinematic link, and lazy-tongs are provided between brake pad.A kind of speed changer, is step change transmission, including at least one set of wheel for inputting group and one group of output wheel group, wheel for inputting group and or output wheel group on gearshift use above-mentioned clutch.The great advantage of the utility model speed changer is can the self shifter in the case where not turning off power and continuous acceleration and deceleration, silk floss, which passes through, during transmission without cease improves acceleration, due to that ECU can not needed to perform gear shift operation, advantageously reduce cost and improve transmission efficiency and reliability.

Description

A kind of clutch and the speed changer using the clutch

Technical field

Gearing field is the utility model is related to, more specifically to a kind of clutch and uses the clutch Speed changer.

Background technology

Current speed changer, such as automobile-used stepped transmission case, are mostly by shift fork, synchronizer etc. when shifting gears change gear Clutch is come what is realized, and for automatic type gearbox, control gear shift operation also needs to substantial amounts of ECU, causes structure to answer A series of adverse effects such as miscellaneous, cost is larger and reliability reduces.Existing centrifugal clutch is one kind in certain rotating speed The clutch species of clutch can be voluntarily controlled in section, if the clutch for switching gear on speed changer, which uses, has similar work( Can clutch, then may make up a kind of automatic transmission simple and compact for structure, and existing most of centrifugal clutch, because For volume larger the shortcomings of being especially a lack of some necessary drive characteristics, therefore it is difficult to for forming such speed changer.

Utility model content

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of clutch and the change using the clutch Fast device, the clutch can have different drive characteristics according to the difference of structure, and can be in the rotating speed section arbitrarily set certainly Row control clutch, after using the clutch as gearshift on step change transmission, it is simple and compact for structure simultaneously to may make up one kind And without the automatic transmission of ECU.

What clutch purpose of the present utility model was realized in：A kind of clutch, including driving part and slave unit, Multigroup clutch, clutch connection elastomeric element and/or synchronous circle are connected with driving part and/or slave unit, often Group clutch includes brake pad and kinematic link, and lazy-tongs are provided between brake pad.

On the basis of above-mentioned clutch scheme, clutch configuration of the present utility model has following preferred scheme：

Elastomeric element is cup spring.

Groove is provided with brake pad, cup spring is placed in groove.

Side plate is connected with driving part and/or slave unit.

Cage ring is provided between driving part and slave unit.

Multigroup clutch is divided into positive clutch group and reverse clutch group, and positive clutch group and reverse clutch group form series connection Structure.

Brake pad includes friction plate and free bearing, and both form inclined-plane mating connection.

Side plate is provided with centrifugal-block, the synchronous circle of centrifugal-block connection.

What speed changer purpose of the present utility model was realized in：A kind of speed changer, is step change transmission, including at least one Group wheel for inputting group and one group of output wheel group, wheel for inputting group and or output wheel group on gearshift use above-mentioned clutch.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are the part-structure signals of the utility model clutch different embodiments Figure.

Embodiment

It is as follows with reference to accompanying drawing clutch embodiment of the present utility model：

A kind of clutch, including driving part and slave unit, be connected with driving part and/or slave unit it is multigroup from Mechanism is closed, clutch connection elastomeric element and/or synchronous circle, every group of clutch include brake pad 5 and kinematic link 6, rubbed Lazy-tongs are provided between cleaning block 5.Fig. 1 show the structure that clutch is connected on driving part, and driving part is inner ring 1, slave unit is outer ring 2, and clutch includes brake pad 5 and kinematic link 6, and both form flexible connection in hinged way, The other end of kinematic link 6 is made up of with inner ring 1 hinge hole 7 and is flexibly connected, and in order to balance radial load, clutch is at least 2 groups, and organize number it is more when, it is more uniform to the stress of inner ring 1 and outer ring 2.The both sides of inner ring 1 are additionally provided with the side plate of screw fixation 3, for outer ring 2 and the axial limiting of clutch, side plate 3 is provided with oil leak hole 4.Clutch connects elastomeric element, elasticity Part is cup spring 8, and groove 9 is provided with brake pad 5 and is used to connect cup spring 8, cup spring 8 can hold all brake pads 5 in inner ring 1 tightly On.In accordance with the above, clutch of the present utility model so works：After driving inner ring 1 to rotate, if clutch Centrifugal force be not enough to overcome the enclasping force of cup spring 8, then clutch is from state, when rotating speed improves the centrifugal force of clutch After the enclasping force for overcoming cup spring 8, brake pad 5 be flared out and with the inner faces contact of outer ring 2, at this moment, if kinematic link 6 Angle of inclination, which is less than friction self-locking angle, then can directly drive outer ring 2 to form transmission, but can bring shock loading and pause and transition in rhythm or melody, if passed The angle of inclination of dynamic connecting rod 6 then may make up half-clutch transmission more than friction self-locking angle, when rotating speed persistently raises, clutch from After applying enough normal force, inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 will transition to Synchronous Transmission and urge the clutch into conjunction for mental and physical efforts constantly increase State.During using cup spring 8 to control the state of clutch, clutch of the present utility model is functionally similar to existing centrifugation Formula clutch, but distinguish in the utility model, centrifugal force is mainly used to control clutch and it is met friction self-locking Condition, rather than be used directly to be driven.On the basis of said structure, if removing cup spring 8, connect between adjacent clutch Connect the freewheel clutch that compression spring then may make up general function.Clutch can also connect synchronous circle 13 without elasticity Part, or elastomeric element and synchronous circle 13 are connected simultaneously.Referring to Fig. 2, the both sides of brake pad 5 are connected with synchronous circle 13, synchronous Circle 13 is enclosed in the arc groove on side plate 3, and synchronous circle 13 is provided with the guiding set on the corresponding connection brake pad 5 of pilot hole 12 First 14, the radial position that can change clutch after synchronous circle 13 is rotated using the third-party institution, that is, change clutch from Conjunction state.Referring to Fig. 1, lazy-tongs are provided between brake pad 5, lazy-tongs are the groove 9 and projection 11 of the side of brake pad 5, Groove 9 and projection 11 on adjacent brake pad 5 can cooperate, and composition is spacing, and groove 9 and projection 11 can also be replaced with hole and pin Generation.The effect of lazy-tongs is to make brake pad 5 keep keeping strokes and preventing free rotation, and can guarantee that brake pad 5 and outer ring 2 it Between gap uniformity, be advantageous to film distribution in lubricating status, lazy-tongs can also make the stress of clutch and abrasion even Change and improve resistance to shock, it will be clear that the synchronization in above-mentioned encloses 13 because equally having synchronizing function, therefore also may be used To be considered a kind of lazy-tongs, groove 9 and projection 11 can need not be set on brake pad 5 after enclosing 13 using synchronization.Fig. 3 The structure that clutch is all connected with inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 is shown, clutch and connected mode are identical, two kinds of clutches Cage ring 15 is provided between mechanism prevents brake pad 5 from directly contacting, and cage ring 15 can use the arc groove on side plate 3 spacing.It is this Cage ring 15 is held tightly by the clutch connected on outer ring 2 when the characteristics of clutch configuration is low speed kills and relative can not turn Dynamic, after outer ring 2 drives rotating speed persistently to raise by inner ring 1 by cage ring 15, the clutch connected on outer ring 2 is due to centrifugation Power increases and gradually flicked, and can release the braking to cage ring 15 and enter half from state, this clutch needs lasting driving outer Enclosing 2 can just be completely transformed into from state, have tri-state variation characteristic, can be applied to multiple coordinate with work under conditions of differential Make.Obviously, it is easy to derive the structure that clutch is only connected with outer ring 2 according to Fig. 3 structure, this clutch drives Can be from static to be in conjunction state in setting speed section behind dynamic outer ring 2, and Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 structure, it can make after driving inner ring 1 Clutch is in conjunction state from setting speed to limiting in maximum speed section.

In accordance with the above, clutch advantage of the present utility model is that part category is less, and structure is more compact compact, from Mechanism is closed using low secondary connection, and acts synchronous uniform force, therefore certain shock loading can be born and transmit larger work( Rate and moment of torsion, it can gradually lose half-clutch state after clutch abrasion but can still be driven, in addition, clutch is using different When structure or combination application, clutch can arbitrarily be automatically controlled by rotation speed change in full speed section in theory.

It is the preferred scheme of the utility model clutch configuration below：

Elastomeric element is cup spring 8.During using cup spring 8 as elastomeric element, clutch can be made voluntarily to be controlled with rotation speed change Clutch.The advantages of cup spring 8 is the longer indefatigability of length, and force variation is insensitive, is advantageous to set and stablizes turning for clutch Fast parameter.Cup spring 8 can also be substituted with O-ring etc..

Groove 9 is provided with brake pad 5, cup spring 8 is placed in groove 9.The groove 9 that cup spring 8 is placed on brake pad 5 also may be used It is arranged on side.

Side plate 3 is connected with driving part and/or slave unit.Side plate 3 can be fixed on driving part or slave unit, When structure difference, driving part and slave unit can distinguish connecting lateral plate 3.Side plate 3 is used for inner ring 1, outer ring 2 and clutch Between axial limiting, and play protection and change the effect such as lubrication state.Side plate 3 may be used also with driving part or slave unit The flexible connection that can be moved axially is formed, when the third-party institution applies axial force when on side plate 3, can compress clutch makes It fails, or sets the third-party institution that synchronous circle 13 can be controlled to rotate on side plate 3, thus it is possible to vary the clutch shape of clutch State.

Cage ring 15 is provided between driving part and slave unit.Cage ring 15 is used for the structure shown in Fig. 3, i.e. inner ring 1 Clutch is all connected with outer ring 2, if without cage ring 15, after spacing to the oscillating strokes of two kinds of clutches, directly Contact can also form transmission, due to being difficult to ensure that the circularity of contact surface, can lose face contact performance and cause clutch to hold It is easy to wear.

Multigroup clutch is divided into positive clutch group and reverse clutch group, and positive clutch group and reverse clutch group form series connection Structure.Clutch configuration shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, there is unidirectional characteristic during transmission, to form Bidirectional driving, can be connected in series Add reverse clutch group, the braking direction of positive clutch group and reverse clutch group is on the contrary, structure as shown in Figure 4, equivalent to two The clutch of individual Fig. 3 structures removes side side plate 3, the construction to be merged into a single whole after series connection.Positive clutch group and reverse clutch group Parallel-connection structure can also be used, i.e. in structure shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 or Fig. 3, the appropriate structure that adjusts is by several clutches therein Reversely installation, major defect is can be next difficult to the synchronization of brake pad 5 and the connect band of elastomeric element.Structure shown in Fig. 4, just A kind of Dan Heshuan clutches are may make up after using different clutch parameters to clutch group and reverse clutch group, can be turned in different In number interval, it not only can behave as unidirectional characteristic but also can behave as bidirectional characteristic, such as：Set the rotating speed area of positive clutch assembled state Between be C-F, the rotating speed section of reverse clutch assembled state is D-E, C ＜ D ＜ E ＜ F, so in C-D and E-F rotating speeds section With regard to that can make clutch that there is unidirectional characteristic, there is bidirectional characteristic in D-E rotating speeds section.

Brake pad 5 includes friction plate 16 and free bearing 17, and both form inclined-plane 19 and are connected.Clutch of the present utility model Recommend to work under the lubricating condition with half-clutch state, its service life depends on the wear allowance of brake pad 5.Due to lubrication Under the conditions of current material coefficient of friction it is universal smaller, cause that the angle change of clutch is more sensitive to wearing, and this can give Drive characteristic brings considerable influence to shorten the service life of clutch, and one of solution is increase kinematic link 6 in engineering Length carry out increased wear surplus, but the radial dimension of clutch can be made larger not satisfactory.If by the brake pad shown in Fig. 1 5 are decomposed into friction plate 16 and free bearing 17 shown in Fig. 5, and both form the flexible connection of the cooperation of axial slope 19, then can have mill Damage compensation function.There is compression spring 20 between friction plate 16 and free bearing 17, both can be made to maintain axial movement power, friction plate 16 On be provided with friction head 18 and can be contacted with the interior sagittal plane of outer ring 2.The compensation mechanism that Fig. 5 structures use, is characterized in friction head 18 and friction plate 16 on driving face there is synchronizing characteristics, i.e. the excessive wear of friction head 18 causes compensation rate excessive, driving contact When the angle of inclination of clutch can be made excessive, the increase of the section of half-clutch state, can synchronously aggravate the abrasion of driving face, it is on the contrary It is then synchronous to reduce.

Side plate 3 is provided with centrifugal-block 24, and centrifugal-block 24 connects synchronous circle 13.Referring to Fig. 6, side plate 3 on clutch with it is interior Circle 1 is fixedly connected, and radial groove is provided with side side plate 3, centrifugal-block 24 and balancing spring 23 are connected with chute, is centrifuged Sliding block 22 is hinged with block 24, the angle 21 set on the circle 13 synchronous with side of sliding block 22 is connected.Closed when clutch enters After state, if the rotating speed of inner ring 1 persistently raises, the centrifugal force of centrifugal-block 24 constantly increases, and can drive synchronous circle by sliding block 22 13 rotations make clutch be separated with outer ring 2.The clutch of this structure also has tri-state characteristics, and Fig. 3 difference is tri-state Change is unrelated with outer ring 2, and shortcoming is that clutch characteristics can associate more parameters, including centrifugal-block 24, balancing spring 23 and Angle 21 etc., when centrifugal-block 24 is using the third-party institution's such as hydraulic-driven, the clutch can be made to turn into controlled architecture.Fig. 6 In, clutch employs the structure with compensation function shown in Fig. 5, due to having used synchronous circle 13 to be used as lazy-tongs, At this moment the friction head 18 set on friction plate 16 also has the function of guide head 14 in Fig. 2.

There can be more drive characteristics using clutch of the present utility model after preferred scheme, form Dan Heshuan clutches After device, an important use is that automatic gearshift is used as on step change transmission.

It is the embodiment of the utility model speed changer below：

A kind of speed changer, is step change transmission, including at least one set of wheel for inputting group and one group of output wheel group, wheel for inputting group With or output wheel group on gearshift use above-mentioned clutch.Speed changer of the present utility model is changed on the basis of existing Enter, either using gear, sprocket wheel etc., its basic structure includes clutch and the installation of wheel group is connected as known technology or normal Know, therefore embodiment is no longer described in detail.

Shift of transmission scheme or process of the present utility model are summarized as follows：

If the rotating speed section of low range clutch conjunction state is A-B, the rotating speed section of high gear clutch conjunction state is C-D, is shown So, it is theoretic seamless combination state as B=C, what this did not accomplished almost in practice, and biography occurs as B ＜ C It is dynamic to interrupt scheme that is not satisfactory, therefore being only left B ＞ C, that is, there is clutch overlapping region.It can move certainly in clutch overlapping region Gear, high to low gear clutch all must have single-direction transmission characteristic, the Dan Heshuan clutches mentioned in above-mentioned, during for shifting gears its Meaning is：In clutch overlapping region, gear is automatically selected using mono-directional overrun characteristic, rotating speed rise is then switched to high gear, Decline is then switched to low gear, after rotating speed leaves overlapping region, further forms bi-directional braking.When load drives former move Because positive clutch group fails during machine, downshift process can make clutch overlapping region to show as disconnected gear, pass through the parameter of clutch Design can make disconnected gear region as small as possible, but still stop enough spaces for reasons of safety, and no person once occurs It is unexpected to form bi-directional braking in clutch overlapping region, transmission may be made to be badly damaged.

The speed changer of the present invention can voluntarily switch gear, and the power or torque characteristics of prime mover can be reflected with rotation speed change And load characteristic, as necessary by some sensor feedbacks, suitable tune is carried out to prime mover power output, is advantageous to control clutch Situation and the abrasion for reducing clutch.When speed changer need slope road downshift, trip stop transmission etc. function when, third party's machine can be used Structure control corresponds to the side plate 3 on clutch or synchronously encloses 13 to realize.

The great advantage of the utility model speed changer is can be automatic in the case where not turning off power and continuous acceleration and deceleration Gearshift, during transmission silk floss pass through it is without cease improve acceleration, due to that ECU can not needed to perform gear shift operation, be advantageous to Reduce cost and improve transmission efficiency and reliability.

Claims

1. a kind of clutch, including driving part and slave unit, it is characterised in that：The driving part and/or described driven Multigroup clutch, the clutch connection elastomeric element and/or synchronous circle, clutch described in every group are connected with part Including brake pad and kinematic link, lazy-tongs are provided between the brake pad.

A kind of 2. clutch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The elastomeric element is cup spring.

A kind of 3. clutch according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Groove, the ring are provided with the brake pad Spring is placed in the groove.

A kind of 4. clutch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The driving part and/or the slave unit On be connected with side plate.

A kind of 5. clutch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Between the driving part and the slave unit Provided with cage ring.

A kind of 6. clutch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Multigroup clutch is divided into positive clutch group With reverse clutch group, the positive clutch group and the reversely clutch group form cascaded structure.

A kind of 7. clutch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The brake pad includes friction plate and free bearing, and two Person forms inclined-plane and is connected.

A kind of 8. clutch according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The side plate is provided with centrifugal-block, the centrifugation The block connection synchronous circle.

9. it is step change transmission a kind of speed changer, including at least one set of wheel for inputting group and one group of output wheel group, it is characterised in that： The wheel for inputting group and or the output wheel group on gearshift usage right require any one of 1-8 described in clutch.