CN206878733U - A kind of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller - Google Patents
A kind of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206878733U CN206878733U CN201720742321.8U CN201720742321U CN206878733U CN 206878733 U CN206878733 U CN 206878733U CN 201720742321 U CN201720742321 U CN 201720742321U CN 206878733 U CN206878733 U CN 206878733U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- signal
- motor
- current
- power
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller, including control unit, power drive unit, inversion unit and BLDCM, position detection unit and signal input unit.The controller hardware structure is simple, cost is cheap, perfect in shape and function and reliability are high, has higher application and promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to electric and electronic technical field, is related to a kind of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller.
Background technology
Environmental pollution caused by the waste gas that fuel combustion vehicle is discharged, noise pollution caused by during traveling and increasingly tight
The petroleum resources crisis of weight, all affect the existence health and social sustainable development of the mankind.With the height of modern social economy
Speed development, environment and energy problem are increasingly valued by people, and the environmental consciousness and health perception of the mankind are also constantly increasing
By force, develop battery-operated motor cycle has far reaching significance as new energy substitution.
Battery-operated motor cycle is made up of car body, motor, battery and controller.Motor is the heart of battery-operated motor cycle, at present
Electric motor vehicle electric generally use permanent magnet DC motor (wheel hub motor), the electric energy consumed during magnetizing coil work is saved,
Energy conversion efficiency is improved, this for the battery-operated motor cycle using vehicle-mounted finite energy resource, will reduce traveling electric current, extend
Mileages of continuation.Controller is the drive control center of battery-operated motor cycle.
Electric motorcycle vehicle controller is broadly divided into two kinds at present：One kind uses application specific integrated circuit.This scheme can drop
Low cost, improve the reliability of device, but underaction.Another kind can be with non-using microprocessor, this schemes such as single-chip microcomputers
Various control algolithms are often conveniently realized, improve the flexibility of system control.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller, devises using single-chip microcomputer as core
Master controller, peripheral circuit include inverter circuit, power switch driver circuit, current detection circuit, hall position detection circuit,
Anti-theft warning circuit etc..The controller hardware structure is simple, cost is cheap, perfect in shape and function and reliability are high, has higher answer
With and promotional value.
Its technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller, including control unit, power drive unit, inversion unit and
BLDCM, position detection unit and signal input unit；
(1) control unit
Major function is according to motor direction of rotation and the output signal from hall position sensor, processes them into
Driving order required by 6 groups of device for power switching of three phase full bridge.Another important function is sent according to signal input unit
The feedback analog signal such as voltage, electric current and rotating speed, and the brake signal sent at random, by AD conversion and necessary computing
Afterwards, the pulse-width signal of the various information of summary is produced by built-in clock signal.
(2) power drive unit
Power drive unit is made up of discrete device, the high performance drivings such as special integration module can also be used to integrate
Circuit.
(3) inversion unit and BLDCM
Three phase full bridge inversion unit is made up of 6 groups of device for power switching, and in order to meet power requirement, system uses parallel connection side
Formula, i.e., each bridge arm are made up of multiple power MOS tube parallels.The intermediate node of three bridge arms is respectively as permanent-magnet DC brushless electricity
The circuit interface of three phase lines of machine (BLDCM).
(4) position detection unit
Position detection unit, using Hall sensor measure rotor magnetic pole position information, is opened in brshless DC motor for logic
Powered-down road provides correct commutation phase sequence, while calculates motor indirectly using the positional information detected in a control unit
Rotating speed.
(5) signal input unit
Mainly there are the input signal circuits such as voltage detecting, speed governing, current detecting, theftproof self-locking and brake.Wherein, voltage is examined
Slowdown monitoring circuit is detected to the DC bus-bar voltage of battery, and over-pressed and under-voltage defencive function is completed by control unit；Adjust
Speed be the output voltage Hall handle circuit after control unit is handled, as the setting value of motor speed, examined with position
The setting value of electric current is obtained after surveying the rotating speed progress PI computings of unit feedback；Current detecting is that motor three-phase current is carried out in real time
Monitoring, transient current, average current and excessively stream pulse being respectively obtained, wherein transient current is used for the peak value current-limiting protection of system,
Average current participates in the PI computings of electric current as feedback current, and excessively stream pulse is used for the overcurrent protection of system.Theftproof self-locking circuit
After vibration signal is detected during electric car is parked, relay power control circuit connects main power circuit, control unit immediately
Control latch signal that circuit occurs immediately and send latch signal controlled motor self-locking, and use sound generating circuit driving loudspeaker report
It is alert.Brake signal is sent into control unit by braking circuit by the interrupt mode of high priority, after control unit emergent management
The operation of closing system.
Further preferably, battery provides power for whole system, and it exports a part and made after power subsystem converts
For the power supply of the modules such as control unit, DC bus-bar voltage of the another part directly as inversion unit.
The beneficial effects of the utility model：
The utility model is simple in construction, cost is cheap, perfect in shape and function and reliability are high, has higher application and promotion price
Value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition frame chart of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller；
Fig. 2 is the control method flow chart of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller；
Fig. 3 is inverter circuit；
Fig. 4 is power switch driver circuit；
Fig. 5 is power circuit；
Fig. 6 is Hall handle input circuit；
Fig. 7 is brake input circuit；
Fig. 8 is hall signal process circuit；
Fig. 9 is voltage detecting circuit；
Figure 10 is current detection circuit；
Figure 11 is that circuit occurs for latch signal；
Figure 12 is relay power control circuit；
Figure 13 is sound generating circuit；
Figure 14 is drive circuit of loudspeaker.
Embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
1st, system architecture
1.1 control system composition frame charts
Brushless DC motor control system composition frame chart, as shown in Figure 1：
(1) control unit
Major function is three output signals according to motor direction of rotation and from Hall rotor-position sensor, by it
Be processed into driving order required by 6 groups of device for power switching of power drive unit, in order to meet power requirement, system is adopted
With parallel way (12).Another important function is and the random hair according to feedback analog signals such as voltage, electric current and rotating speeds
The brake signal gone out, after AD conversion and necessary computing, one is produced with above-mentioned various by built-in clock signal
The pulse-width signal of information.
(2) power drive unit
It is main including set of power switches into three-phase full-bridge inverting circuit and power switch driver circuit.Power switch
Drive circuit is made up of discrete device, can also use the high performance drive integrated circults such as special integration module.
(3) position detection unit
Position detection unit plays a part of determining rotor magnetic pole position in brshless DC motor, is logic switching circuit
Correct commutation information is provided.
(4) signal input unit
Mainly there are the input signal circuits such as voltage acquisition, current acquisition, speed governing, theftproof self-locking and brake.
1.2 brshless DC motor control strategies
To enable motor to maintain maximum allowable starting torque in start-up period, the overload capacity of motor is made full use of to obtain
Most fast starting effect is obtained, and system can realize the ideal effect of rotating speed floating under steady state conditions, a reactor, using above-mentioned rotating speed electricity
Two close cycles strategy is flowed, with reference to the characteristics of digital control, system design brushless electric machine digital motion control system global structure.System
Control structure of uniting is as shown in Figure 2.
During motor normal operation, controller calculates current rotating speed according to position detection signal, believes with the rotating speed of setting
Number deviation carry out increment PI computing, obtain the reference value of electric current；Current feedback signal is sent into controller, warp through A/D interfaces
The deviation that the value of feedback of electric current and reference value are carried out is obtained after conversion and passes through increment PI computing, obtains the output of current regulator,
And then the on off operating mode of duty cycling power pipe is adjusted, so as to realize the speed regulating control to motor.
2nd, hardware design
3.1 inverter circuit
System realizes the break-make of each phase of armature winding using three-phase full-bridge inverting circuit.As shown in figure 3, inverter circuit by
Power switch pipe V1-V12 is formed.The control of inverter circuit is using the H_pwm-L_on modulation methods in PWM half-bridge modulation system
Formula is run come the control completed to brshless DC motor " two be conducted three-phase six-beat " mode, i.e., upper bridge arm switching tube is adopted in system
Controlled with PWM, lower bridge arm switching tube is normally opened.
Surge voltage caused by MOSFET shut-offs is absorbed in the indirect electric capacity C of positive and negative busbar, circuit is to a certain extent
The peak voltage of bus can be reduced, can also effectively prevent high frequency oscillation caused by the lead of circuit board.
2.2 power switch driver circuit
Because the I/O ports output-input voltage of single-chip microcomputer can not directly drive power device MOSFET, so system is adopted
A kind of power MOSFET driver of high-voltage high-speed is built with discrete component.Power switch circuit is as shown in Figure 4.
By taking a phase as an example, bootstrap capacitor C1A is charged by+15V power supplys by diode D0A, and is power switch circuit
The power MOSFET of upper bridge arm grid provides voltage.When wherein D0A ensures that bootstrap capacitor C1A electric charges are more than+15V, circuit is still
Boot strap can be produced.When needing to open upper bridge arm, Q0A should be turned on so that C1A anode electric charge by R4A, D1A and
R12A (R14A) is added on V0A (V1A) grid.Q1A is responsible for matching TTL control level and the level required for Q0A.And closing
During disconnected V0A and V1A, due to Q0A cut-offs, D1A clampers.Q2A turns on because base stage is dragged down by R3A and to lose high potential, quick bleed off
Fall the electric charge on C2A, the electric charge between V0A and V1A grid source in parasitic capacitance is also fallen by quick bleed off, so as to ensure that V0A and
V1A is rapidly switched off.During the output direct-coupling of MOSFET grids and driver, driver output can produce voltage overshoot, to cut
Weak driver output ground overstress, series connection such as two groups of figure R12A, R14A and R13A, R15A resistance on every MOSFET.C0A
To reduce decoupling capacitor of the noise between power supply and ground wire.
2.3 power circuit
Battery-operated motor cycle battery tension is+48V, and electric motorcycle vehicle controller includes mass part, and each part needs
The voltage of offer is different, is a forceful electric power, light current, simulation ground and the high coupled system digitally coexisted, so needing to design electricity
Source circuit carries out level conversion.The quality of power work performance is related to the stabilization of whole control system, power circuit such as Fig. 5
It is shown.
2.6 control signal input circuits
2.6.1 Hall handle input circuit
Hall handle exports the analog voltage directly proportional to rotation amplitude, and speed-regulating handle bar output voltage range is 0.8-
4.2V, the signal are sent to the analog-to-digital conversion port of single-chip microcomputer, and input is converted into by single-chip microcomputer by the A/D converter of Embedded
Digital quantity, the pwm signal of corresponding dutycycle being exported after computing according to control algolithm, the size of dutycycle determines the rotating speed of motor,
So as to realize motor speed control.Hall handle input circuit is as shown in Figure 6.
2.6.2 brake is input circuit
Electric car standard requires electric car in skidding, and controller should be able to automatically cut off the power supply to motor.I.e.：
Pinch brake when, brake signal is transmitted to controller, instruction is sent according to pre-set programs, cuts off gate drive current immediately, make
Power ends, and stops power supply.Thus, both protect power tube in itself, and protected motor again, and also prevent the waste of power supply.Stop
Handlebar input circuit is as shown in Figure 7.
2.5 hall sensor signal process circuits
Hall position detection circuit mainly has two effects：When detect the relative position of motor stator and rotor and drive is provided
Move phase signals；Second, the number by detecting certain pulse signal all the way, is converted to rate signal after software calculates, speed is formed
The feedback element of degree.The output of Hall sensor filters out the noise jamming in three-way motor running using rc filter circuit,
Simultaneously as Hall sensor is open-drain output, pulled up so power supply must be connected to by resistance.Hall signal processing electricity
Road is as shown in Figure 8.
2.4 signal acquisition circuit
2.4.1 voltage detecting circuit
DC loop voltage crosses conference and causes power tube MOSFTE to damage, under-voltage, motor may be made stall occur.Such as
There is the situation of power voltage insufficient in fruit, and continuing electric discharge will cause serious harm to the life-span of battery, therefore circuit design needs
Consider under-voltage protection and overvoltage protection.Voltage detecting circuit is as shown in Figure 9.
2.4.2 current detection circuit
In order to realize the brshless DC motor control governing system of der Geschwindigkeitkreis, electric current loop two close cycles, it is necessary to stator winding
Electric current detected and be controlled by.Detection for DC bus current is not only in order to realize zero initial position detection, more
Need to detect in real time bus current whether excessively stream, be current protection important step.Current detection circuit is as shown in Figure 10.
2.7 anti-theft self locking system
2.7.1 alarm source signal circuit
When battery-operated motor cycle is in car locking anti-theft modes, if occurring, car body shakes or tire rotates, controlling alarm
Device will produce self-locking trigger signal triggering single-chip microcomputer and perform theftproof self-locking action into self-locking interruption.Alarm source signal circuit is as schemed
Shown in 11.
When car body shakes, shock momentum is converted into magnitude of voltage by shock sensor；Tire rotation signals input is straight
Connect and be connected with motor phase line, when tyre rotation, its input terminal voltage will produce change.Rotated due to vehicle body vibrations and wheel
Voltage magnitude after conversion is smaller, so being amplified using LM358 to it.
2.7.2 relay closes and control circuit
Battery-operated motor cycle car locking, single-chip microcomputer are in off-position.When after car locking anti-theft modes, if generating body vibrations or car
Wheel rotation, alarm controller relay closure connect the electric power system of battery and single-chip microcomputer.Relay is closed with control circuit such as
Shown in Figure 12.
2.7.3 sound generating circuit
When alarm controller receives alarm source input signal, coded treatment exports the signal of different frequency, by work(
Rate amplifying circuit inputs loudspeaker, produces alarm.Sound generating circuit is as shown in figure 13.
2.7.4 drive circuit of loudspeaker
Because the driving force of single-chip processor i/o mouth is weaker, so using combined amplifier as power amplification circuit, with
Drive loudspeaker alarm.Drive circuit of loudspeaker is as shown in figure 14.
Described above, only the preferable embodiment of the utility model, the scope of protection of the utility model are not limited to
This, any one skilled in the art can become apparent in the technical scope that the utility model discloses
Technical scheme simple change or equivalence replacement each fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller, it is characterised in that：Including control unit, power drive unit, Inversion unit and BLDCM, position detection unit and signal input unit；Described control unit major function is according to motor direction of rotation and the output signal from hall position sensor, by it Be processed into driving order required by 6 groups of device for power switching of three phase full bridge；Another important function is inputted according to signal The feedback analog signals such as voltage, electric current and rotating speed that unit is sent, and the brake signal sent at random, by AD conversion and must After the computing wanted, the pulse-width signal of the various information of summary is produced by built-in clock signal；What the power drive unit was made up of discrete device, or the integrated electricity of high-grade drives using special integration module Road；The three phase full bridge inversion unit is made up of 6 groups of device for power switching, and system uses parallel way, i.e., each bridge arm is by more Individual power MOS tube parallel is formed, three phase lines of the intermediate nodes of three bridge arms respectively as non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor BLDCM Circuit interface；The position detection unit, using Hall sensor measure rotor magnetic pole position information, is opened in brshless DC motor for logic Powered-down road provides correct commutation phase sequence, while calculates motor indirectly using the positional information detected in a control unit Rotating speed；The signal input unit mainly has voltage detecting, speed governing, current detecting, theftproof self-locking and the input signal of brake electricity Road；Wherein, voltage detecting circuit detects to the DC bus-bar voltage of battery, is completed by control unit over-pressed and under-voltage Defencive function；Speed governing be the output voltage Hall handle circuit after control unit is handled, as setting for motor speed Definite value, the setting value of electric current is obtained after carrying out PI computings with the rotating speed of position detection unit feedback；Current detecting is to motor three Phase current is monitored in real time, respectively obtains transient current, average current and excessively stream pulse, and wherein transient current is used for system Peak value current-limiting protection, average current participate in the PI computings of electric current as feedback current, and excessively stream pulse is used for the overcurrent protection of system； For theftproof self-locking circuit after vibration signal is detected during electric car is parked, relay power control circuit connects main power source electricity immediately Road, control unit controls latch signal that circuit occurs and sends latch signal controlled motor self-locking immediately, and electricity occurs using sound Road driving loudspeaker alarm；Brake signal is sent into control unit by braking circuit by the interrupt mode of high priority, single through control The operation of system is closed after first emergent management.
- 2. electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The battery is Whole system provides power, and it exports power supply of the part after power subsystem converts as control unit, another portion Divide the DC bus-bar voltage directly as inversion unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720742321.8U CN206878733U (en) | 2017-06-24 | 2017-06-24 | A kind of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720742321.8U CN206878733U (en) | 2017-06-24 | 2017-06-24 | A kind of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206878733U true CN206878733U (en) | 2018-01-12 |
Family
ID=61334341
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720742321.8U Expired - Fee Related CN206878733U (en) | 2017-06-24 | 2017-06-24 | A kind of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206878733U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108820085A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽天瑞电子科技有限公司 | A kind of alarming system of electric car and alarm method |
| CN108880354A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-11-23 | 阮晓萍 | A kind of DC brushless motor controller linear braking control circuit |
-
2017
- 2017-06-24 CN CN201720742321.8U patent/CN206878733U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108880354A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-11-23 | 阮晓萍 | A kind of DC brushless motor controller linear braking control circuit |
| CN108820085A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽天瑞电子科技有限公司 | A kind of alarming system of electric car and alarm method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107086827A (en) | A kind of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller and control method | |
| US8305018B2 (en) | Power supply system and electric powered vehicle using the same | |
| JP5681256B2 (en) | Automotive voltage discharge apparatus and method | |
| CN103780177B (en) | Automobile AC generator voltage regulator and voltage regulation method | |
| JP4442006B2 (en) | Control device for vehicle cooling fan | |
| JPH05252607A (en) | Hybrid driving equipment of automobile of the like | |
| CN1964179A (en) | A control method and device for permanently magnetic brushless motor | |
| CN204089254U (en) | A kind of electric automobile whole control device | |
| CN102611369B (en) | Speed-regulating system for switched reluctance motor specially used for electric vehicle | |
| CN101534086A (en) | Device and method for controlling switched reluctance motors for electric vehicles on basis of CPLD | |
| CN206878733U (en) | A kind of electric car non-brush permanent-magnet DC motor controller | |
| WO2011135623A1 (en) | Vehicle system | |
| CN102969952B (en) | Based on control method of electric bicycle and the system of pulse-width modulation | |
| CN104953898B (en) | A kind of brshless DC motor regenerative braking system using single current sensor | |
| CN1126904A (en) | Microcomputerized PWM speed regulator for DC elevator | |
| CN108016385A (en) | Electric automobile master controller | |
| CN102009601A (en) | Superposed-permanent-magnet-motor-based electrical vehicle drive control system | |
| CN203381621U (en) | Intelligent vehicle speed control system | |
| CN205836575U (en) | A kind of Control System of Electrical Motorcycle | |
| CN203766542U (en) | Electromobile circuit and electromobile | |
| CN103441713B (en) | Method for adjusting switch-on angle and switch-off angle of switched reluctance motor | |
| CN104184191B (en) | A kind of electric automobile whole controls device and control method thereof | |
| CN112994558B (en) | Asynchronous motor controller | |
| CN206149171U (en) | Automobile -used high -power generator voltage regulator system | |
| CN204993128U (en) | New energy automobile PMSM controlling means |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180112 Termination date: 20180624 |