CN206790926U - The all-hydraulic fertilizer applicator for orchard that a kind of ditching depth automatically adjusts - Google Patents
The all-hydraulic fertilizer applicator for orchard that a kind of ditching depth automatically adjusts Download PDFInfo
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- CN206790926U CN206790926U CN201720422702.8U CN201720422702U CN206790926U CN 206790926 U CN206790926 U CN 206790926U CN 201720422702 U CN201720422702 U CN 201720422702U CN 206790926 U CN206790926 U CN 206790926U
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
It the utility model is related to the all-hydraulic fertilizer applicator for orchard that a kind of ditching depth automatically adjusts；Including frame, range-measurement system, control system, hydraulic system, trench digging system, fertilization system and earthing system.Range-measurement system output end is connected with control system input, and control system output end is connected with hydraulic system input, and hydraulic system output end is connected with trench digging system, fertilization system, earthing system respectively；Range-measurement system measures its relative distance with ground；Range-measurement system measures its relative distance with ditched bottom in real time, and its value is transferred into control system.It compared with preset value, is controlled the 4th solenoid-operated proportional commutation valve events in hydraulic system, adjusts ditching depth by control system.The utility model speed adjustable range is wide, stable drive, can realize trench digging, fertilising, earthing integrated operation, can detect and adjust in real time ditching depth, avoids too deep or excessively shallow ditching operation, improves utilization rate of the tree body to fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The all-hydraulic fertilizer applicator for orchard that a kind of ditching depth automatically adjusts is the utility model is related to, belongs to orchard management machinery
Technical field.
Background technology
Ditching-fertilizing is a kind of conventional fertilization mode in the Soil and fertilizer management of orchard, and main method has annular groove fertilization method, put
Penetrate ditch fertilization method, strip ditch fertilization method.Wherein, strip ditch fertilization method is applied to the mechanical work in scale orchard.This fertilising side
Method requirement is along fruit tree row to opening a depth, wide about 30~40 centimetres of strip ditch in the ranks, and fertilizer is applied in ditch, most
Earthing operation afterwards.
At present, orchard furrowing, fertilising, earthing are still based on manual work.Existing orchard furrowing fertilizer applicator function is single,
It can not once complete to ditch, apply fertilizer, earthing operation, operating efficiency is low；The kind of drive is mostly machine driving, mechanism structure is complicated,
Speed adjustable range is narrow, transmission is unstable；, can not be real-time and existing orchard furrowing fertilizer applicator is temporarily without automatic adjusting device for ditching depth
Detection and regulation ditching depth.
The content of the invention
To solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provide a kind of ditching depth automatically adjust it is all-hydraulic
Fertilizer applicator for orchard.The utility model is simple in construction, speed adjustable range is wide, stable drive, realizes trench digging, fertilising, earthing integrated work
Industry, ditching depth can be detected and adjusted in real time, avoid too deep or excessively shallow ditching operation, improve utilization rate of the tree body to fertilizer.
The all-hydraulic fertilizer applicator for orchard that a kind of ditching depth automatically adjusts, including frame, range-measurement system, control system, liquid
Pressure system, trench digging system, fertilization system and earthing system.Range-measurement system output end is connected with control system input, control system
System output end be connected with hydraulic system input, hydraulic system output end respectively with ditch system, fertilization system, earthing system phase
Even.
The frame includes hanger bracket, support frame, the first side arm, the second side arm, middle frame and small rack.The suspension
Frame, the first side arm, the second side arm, middle frame are fixed on support frame；The hanger bracket is arranged on support frame as described above front end center；
First side arm and the second side arm are mounted side by side on supporting framing front end top center；The small rack both ends connect first respectively
The front end of side arm and the second side arm；The middle frame connection support frame as described above and described small rack one end.The hanger bracket is with showing
The hitch of dynamic device is connected.
The range-measurement system includes central platform, connecting shaft and range finder module；The central platform is consolidated with connecting shaft one end
Connect, the connecting shaft other end is connected with described small rack.The central platform keep level state.In described central platform or so
Axis overlaps with the frame or so axis.
The range finder module includes cylindricality lead, to pipe, infrared receiver, to pipe, PSD, (position sensing senses infrared emission
Device) and counting circuit.The cylindricality lead is mounted in central platform bottom center of gravity；The cylindricality lead and central platform center of gravity exist
One is erect on straight line, increases the range-measurement system balance.The PSD, counting circuit, infrared emission are integrated into one to pipe
Integral installation is located at cylindricality lead two respectively to pipe and infrared receiver in the central platform bottom, the infrared emission to pipe
Side；When adjusting ditching depth, due to the balanced action of the cylindricality lead, central platform remains horizontality.During trench digging,
The infrared emission is believed the distance at pipe and bottom of ditching for detecting infrared emission pipe real time emission infrared detection signal
Number, distance signal, which runs into bottom of trench and reflected, to be fallen on the PSD；The counting circuit calculates transmitting to pipe and bottom of ditching
Distance value, and it is transferred to control system input in real time.
The control system includes single-chip microcomputer, input, the first output end, the second output end, the 3rd output end, the 4th defeated
Go out end and indicator lamp.The single-chip microcomputer is arranged on central platform upper surface center, increases the range-measurement system stability.Institute
Single-chip microcomputer input port is stated with the input to be connected.First output end, the second output end, the 3rd output end, the 4th output
End is connected with single-chip microcomputer delivery outlet respectively.The indicator lamp is that data transfer shows signal, often carries out a data transfer, instruction
Lamp flashes once；
The distance signal that the control system real-time reception range-measurement system is sent, determine described in output control signal and control
First solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve
Action；The first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 4th electromagnetism ratio
Example reversal valve is connected with the first output end, the second output end, the 3rd output end, the 4th output end respectively.
The hydraulic system includes fuel tank, filter, hydraulic pump, the first one-way throttle valve, the second one-way throttle valve, the 3rd
One-way throttle valve, the 4th one-way throttle valve, the first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional
Reversal valve, the 4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, hydraulic cylinder, heat exchanger and thermometer are formed.The fuel tank by hydraulic circuit with
The filter is connected.The filter is connected by hydraulic circuit with the hydraulic pump.Described hydraulic pump one end passes through hydraulic pressure
Oil circuit provides power from fuel tank oil suction.The hydraulic pump other end by hydraulic circuit respectively with first one-way throttle valve,
Second one-way throttle valve, the 3rd one-way throttle valve, the 4th one-way throttle valve are connected.The first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, second
Solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve are by hydraulic circuit respectively with described
One one-way throttle valve, the second one-way throttle valve, the 3rd one-way throttle valve, the 4th one-way throttle valve are connected.The first hydraulic pressure horse
Reach, the second hydraulic motor, the 3rd hydraulic motor respectively with first one-way throttle valve, the second one-way throttle valve, the 3rd unidirectional
Choke valve is connected.The hydraulic cylinder is connected with the 4th one-way throttle valve.The push rod external part of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged on institute
State on support frame.The heat exchanger is arranged on surface after fuel tank, and the heat exchanger oil inlet and outlet passes through hydraulic circuit and oil
Case is connected.The thermometer is arranged on the preceding surface of fuel tank.The heat exchanger is used to ensure that oil temperature is stable with thermometer, prevents oil
The too high damage hydraulic system of temperature.
The 4th solenoid-operated proportional commutation valve events, hydraulic cylinder extension, driving support frame as described above rotation, and then change trench digging
Depth.
The first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional commutation valve events, hydraulic pressure
Motor rotary speed changes, and then changes trench digging speed.
The trench digging system includes the first power transmission shaft, second driving shaft, the first drive sprocket, the second drive sprocket, first
Hydraulic motor, driving chain, spiral dumper and chain type ditching knife.Before first power transmission shaft is by bearing and support frame as described above
End is connected.The first hydraulic motor output end passes through shaft coupling and the described first transmission axis connection.The spiral dumper and
First drive sprocket is affixed；First drive sprocket passes through spline and the described first transmission axis connection；The second driving shaft
It is connected by bearing with support frame as described above rear end.Second drive sprocket is fixed on the second driving shaft.Described first
Drive sprocket, the second drive sprocket are connected by driving chain.The chain type ditching knife is uniformly fixed on the driving chain.
First power transmission shaft is rotated by first hydraulic motor, and first drive sprocket, which rotates, to be driven
The driving chain rotates with second sprocket wheel, and then drives the chain type ditching knife rotary operation.At the same time, the spiral shell
Rotation dumper rotates under the drive of first power transmission shaft, is excluded native in time.
The fertilization system includes fertilizer box, the second hydraulic motor, the 3rd power transmission shaft, flood dragon cage, fertilizer cylinder and fertilizer-guiding plate.It is described
Fertilizer box is placed on the first side arm and the second side arm.The fertilizer-dropping hole of the fertilizer box is connected with the fertile mouth that enters of fertilizer cylinder.The fertilizer
The fertilizer outlet of cylinder is connected with fertilizer-guiding plate one end.The fertilizer-guiding plate other end is extended at the middle frame.The second hydraulic pressure horse
It is connected up to output end by shaft coupling with the 3rd power transmission shaft.3rd power transmission shaft is connected by bearing with support frame.Institute
Flood dragon cage is stated to be fixed on the 3rd power transmission shaft.The flood dragon cage and the 3rd power transmission shaft are arranged in fertilizer cylinder, the flood dragon cage diameter and institute
It is equal to state fertilizer cylinder diameter.
Fertilizer enters the fertilizer cylinder, and the 3rd power transmission shaft is rotated by second hydraulic motor, drives
The flood dragon cage rotates, and then drives fertilizer to enter fertilizer-guiding plate, fertilizer is fallen into along fertilizer-guiding plate ditch in.
The earthing system includes the 3rd hydraulic motor, the 4th power transmission shaft and spiral and returns earthenware.3rd hydraulic motor
Output end is connected by shaft coupling with the 4th power transmission shaft.4th power transmission shaft is connected by bearing with middle frame.It is described
Spiral returns earthenware and is fixed on the 4th power transmission shaft.Spiral in the earthing system returns earthenware and described spiral dumper rotation direction
It is opposite and be located at the same horizontal position.Second hydraulic motor is identical with the 3rd hydraulic motor steering.
After ending ditch, the 4th power transmission shaft is rotated by the 3rd hydraulic motor, drives spiral to return earthenware
Rotation, by native backfill in time.
When ditching depth adjusts, step is as follows：
Before ditching operation, central platform keep level, range-measurement system measures its relative distance S1 with ground.It is if required
Ditching depth is S2, then range-measurement system and the relative distance at bottom of ditching are S=S1+S2.During ditching operation, central platform is still protected
Water holding level state, range-measurement system measures its relative distance S ' with ditched bottom in real time, and its value is transferred into control system.Control
System processed is by it compared with preset value S, if S ' is more than S, control system processing information simultaneously controls the 4th in hydraulic system
Solenoid-operated proportional commutation valve events, hydraulic cylinder push rod shorten, and ditching depth shoals；If S ' is less than S, control system processing information is simultaneously controlled
The 4th solenoid-operated proportional commutation valve events in hydraulic system processed, the elongation of hydraulic cylinder push rod, ditching depth deepen；If S ' is equal to S, liquid
The push rod of cylinder pressure is failure to actuate, and ditching depth is constant.
The beneficial effects of the utility model：
The utility model is simple in construction, speed adjustable range is wide, stable drive, can both realize trench digging, fertilising, earthing integrated work
Industry, ditching depth can be detected and adjusted in real time again, avoid too deep or excessively shallow ditching operation, improve utilization of the tree body to fertilizer
Rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is all-hydraulic orchard furrowing fertilizer applicator front view.
Fig. 2 is all-hydraulic orchard furrowing fertilizer applicator overall structure sketch.
Fig. 3 is all-hydraulic orchard furrowing fertilizer applicator hydraulic system principle figure.
Fig. 4 is ditching depth Principles of Regulation flow chart.
In figure：The central platform 8 of 1 hanger bracket, 2 support frame, 3 first 6 small rack of side arm 4 second side arm, 5 middle frame 7
The hydraulic pump 16 first of 14 filter of connecting shaft 9 cylindricality lead, 10 range finder module, 11 single-chip microcomputer, 12 indicator lamp, 13 fuel tank 15
The solenoid-operated proportional of 17 second the 4th one-way throttle valve of the 3rd one-way throttle valve 19 of one-way throttle valve 18 of one-way throttle valve 20 first
The hydraulic pressure of the 3rd the 4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve of solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 23 of 21 second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 22 of reversal valve 24
The driving-chain of 25 heat exchanger of cylinder, 26 27 first power transmission shaft of thermometer, 28 second driving shaft, 29 first drive sprocket 30 second
Take turns the hydraulic motor of 31 first hydraulic motor, 32 driving chain, 33 spiral dumper, 34 chain type ditching knife, 35 fertilizer box 36 second
The spiral of 37 the 3rd power transmission shaft, 38 flood dragon cage, 39 fertilizer cylinder, 40 the 3rd the 4th power transmission shaft of hydraulic motor 42 of fertilizer-guiding plate 41 43 returns soil
Device
Embodiment
This patent is described further and described with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing.
A kind of all-hydraulic orchard furrowing fertilizer applicator with automatic adjusting device for ditching depth, including frame, range-measurement system,
Control system, hydraulic system, trench digging system, fertilization system, earthing system.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, frame is by by hanger bracket 1, support frame 2, the first side arm 3, the second side arm 4, middle frame 5, ramuscule
Frame 6 is formed.Hanger bracket 1, the first side arm 3, the second side arm 4, middle frame 5 are fixed on support frame 2.Small rack 6 is pacified by bolt
Mounted in the front end of the first side arm 3, the second side arm 4.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, range-measurement system includes central platform 7, connecting shaft 8, cylindricality lead 9, range finder module 10.Center is flat
Platform 7 and connecting shaft 8 are affixed.Connecting shaft 8 is connected with small rack 6.The keep level state of central platform 7.Range finder module 10 is arranged on
The lower surface of central platform 7.Cylindricality lead 9 is connected to the lower surface of central platform 7.Cylindricality lead 9, range finder module 10 are put down with center
The center of gravity of platform 7 is on a vertical curve, increase range-measurement system balance.The axis of central platform 7 overlaps with frame axis.Trench digging
During operation, range finder module measures its distance with bottom of trench in real time, and detection signal is sent to control system.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, control system includes single-chip microcomputer 11, indicator lamp 12, input, the first output end, the second output
End, the 3rd output end, the 4th output end.Single-chip microcomputer 11 is arranged on the upper surface of central platform 7.The input port of single-chip microcomputer 11 and input
It is connected.First output end, the second output end, the 3rd output end, the 4th output end are connected with the delivery outlet of single-chip microcomputer 11 respectively.Instruction
Lamp 12 is that data transfer shows signal, often carries out a data transfer.The distance signal that control system real time distance system is sent,
It is acquired, Fuzzy processing, determines output control signal and control the first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 20, the second electromagnetism ratio
Example reversal valve 21, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 22, the ex-situ operations of the 4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 23.
As shown in figure 3, hydraulic system includes fuel tank 13, filter 14, hydraulic pump 15, the first one-way throttle valve 16, second
One-way throttle valve 17, the 3rd one-way throttle valve 18, the 4th one-way throttle valve 19, the first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 20, the second electromagnetism
Proportional reversing valve 21, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 22, the 4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 23, hydraulic cylinder 24, the and of heat exchanger 25
Thermometer 26.Fuel tank 13 is connected by hydraulic circuit with filter 14.Filter 14 passes through hydraulic circuit and the phase of hydraulic pump 15
Even.The one end of hydraulic pump 15 provides power by hydraulic circuit from the oil suction of fuel tank 13.The other end of hydraulic pump 15 passes through hydraulic circuit point
Not with the first one-way throttle valve 16, the second one-way throttle valve 17, the 3rd one-way throttle valve 18, the one end of the 4th one-way throttle valve 19
It is connected.First one-way throttle valve 16, the second one-way throttle valve 17, the 3rd one-way throttle valve 18, the 4th one-way throttle valve 19 are another
End respectively with the first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 20, the second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 21, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve the 22, the 4th
Solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 23 is connected.First hydraulic motor 31, the second hydraulic motor 36, the 3rd hydraulic motor 41 are electric with first respectively
Magnetic proportional reversing valve 20, the second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 21, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 22 are connected.The electricity of hydraulic cylinder 24 and the 4th
Magnetic proportional reversing valve is connected.The push rod external part of hydraulic cylinder 24 is hinged on support frame 2.Heat exchanger 25 is protected with thermometer 26
It is stable to demonstrate,prove oil temperature, prevents high oil temperature from damaging hydraulic system.4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 23 replaces, hydraulic cylinder extension, driving
Support frame 2 rotates, and then changes ditching depth.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, system of ditching includes the first power transmission shaft 27, second driving shaft 28, the first drive sprocket 29, second
Drive sprocket 30, the first hydraulic motor 31, driving chain 32, spiral dumper 33, chain type ditching knife 34.First power transmission shaft 27
It is connected by bearing with the front end of support frame 2.The output end of first hydraulic motor 31 is connected by shaft coupling with the first power transmission shaft 27.Spiral shell
Rotation dumper 33, the first drive sprocket 29 are fixed on the first power transmission shaft 27.After second driving shaft 28 is by bearing and support frame 2
End is connected.Second drive sprocket 29 is fixed on second driving shaft 28.First drive sprocket 29, the second drive sprocket 30 are with passing
Dynamic chain 32 intermeshes.Chain type ditching knife 34 is fixed on driving chain 32.First power transmission shaft 27 is in the first hydraulic motor 31
Be rotated by, the first drive sprocket 29 rotate drive driving chain 32 rotated with the second sprocket wheel 30, and then drive chain type open
The rotary operation of ditch knife 34.At the same time, spiral dumper 33 rotates under the drive of the first power transmission shaft 27, is excluded native in time.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, fertilization system includes fertilizer box 35, the second hydraulic motor 36, the 3rd power transmission shaft 37, flood dragon cage 38, row
Fertile cylinder 39, fertilizer-guiding plate 40.Fertilizer box 35 is fixed in the first side arm 3, the rear end of the second side arm 4.The fertilizer-dropping hole of fertilizer box 35 and fertilizer cylinder 39
The fertile mouth that enters be connected.The fertilizer outlet of fertilizer cylinder 39 is connected with the one end of fertilizer-guiding plate 40.The other end of fertilizer-guiding plate 40 is extended at middle frame 5.
The output end of second hydraulic motor 36 is connected by shaft coupling with the 3rd power transmission shaft 37.3rd power transmission shaft 37 passes through bearing and support frame
2 are connected.Flood dragon cage 38 is fixed on the 3rd power transmission shaft 37.Flood dragon cage 38 is arranged in fertilizer cylinder 39.Fertilizer enters fertilizer box 35, into row
Fertile cylinder 39, the 3rd power transmission shaft 37 are rotated by the second hydraulic motor 36, drive flood dragon cage 38 to rotate, and then drive fertilizer to enter
Enter fertilizer-guiding plate 40, fertilizer is fallen into along fertilizer-guiding plate 40 ditch in.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, earthing system includes the 3rd hydraulic motor 41, the 4th power transmission shaft 42, spiral time earthenware 43.3rd
The output end of hydraulic motor 41 is connected by shaft coupling with the 4th power transmission shaft 42.4th power transmission shaft 42 passes through bearing and middle frame 5
It is connected.Spiral returns earthenware 43 and is fixed on the 4th power transmission shaft 42.Spiral in earthing system is returned in earthenware 43 and trench digging system
Spiral dumper 33 is oppositely oriented and is located at the same horizontal position.Second hydraulic motor 36 turns to phase with the 3rd hydraulic motor 41
Together.After applying fertilizer, the 4th power transmission shaft 42 is rotated by the 3rd hydraulic motor 41, is driven spiral to return earthenware 43 and is rotated,
By native backfill in time.
As shown in figure 4, the operation principle of the all-hydraulic orchard furrowing fertilizer applicator：Before ditching operation, central platform 7 is protected
Water holding is put down, and range-measurement system measures its relative distance S1 with ground.If required ditching depth is S2, then range-measurement system is with being ditched
The relative distance at bottom is S=S1+S2.During ditching operation, central platform 7 still keep level state, range-measurement system measure it in real time
With the relative distance S ' at ditched bottom, and its value is transferred to control system.Control system by it compared with preset value S,
If S ' is more than S, control system processing information simultaneously controls the 4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve 23 in hydraulic system to act, hydraulic cylinder
24 push rods shorten, and ditching depth shoals；If S ' is less than S, control system processing information simultaneously controls the 4th electromagnetism in hydraulic system
Proportional reversing valve 23 acts, and the push rod of hydraulic cylinder 24 elongation, ditching depth deepens；If S ' is equal to S, the push rod of hydraulic cylinder is failure to actuate,
Ditching depth is constant.
In use, first predetermined ditching depth, measures range-measurement system and the relative distance on ground.Ditching operation, range-measurement system
Distance signal is transferred to control system in real time, if range-measurement system and the distance at bottom of ditching are less than preset value, control system the
Four output end output control signals control the 4th solenoid-operated proportional commutation valve events, the push rod elongation of hydraulic cylinder.Control system first
Output end output control signal controls the first solenoid-operated proportional commutation valve events, and the first hydraulic motor rotates, and ditching knife rotates, spiral
Dumper is rotated, and soil is excluded outside ditch.The second output end of control system output control signal controls the commutation valve actuation of the second solenoid-operated proportional
Make, the second hydraulic motor rotates, and flood dragon cage rotates, and fertilizer falls from fertilizer cylinder.The output end output control signal of control system the 3rd
The 3rd solenoid-operated proportional commutation valve events are controlled, the 3rd hydraulic motor rotates, and spiral returns earthenware and rotated, in earthen backfill to ditch；If survey
Distance away from system and bottom of ditching is less than preset value, and the output end output control signal of control system the 4th controls the 4th electromagnetism ratio
Example commutation valve events, the push rod of hydraulic cylinder shorten.The output end of control system first, the second output end, the 3rd output end difference are defeated
Go out control signal and control the first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional commutation valve events, the
One hydraulic motor, the second hydraulic motor, the 3rd hydraulic motor stop operating, and ditching knife, spiral dumper, flood dragon cage, spiral return soil
Device stops the rotation.
Claims (1)
1. the all-hydraulic fertilizer applicator for orchard that a kind of ditching depth automatically adjusts, it is characterised in that including frame, range-measurement system, control
System, hydraulic system, trench digging system, fertilization system and earthing system；Range-measurement system output end is connected with control system input,
Control system output end is connected with hydraulic system input, hydraulic system output end respectively with trench digging system, fertilization system, earthing
System is connected；
The frame includes hanger bracket, support frame, the first side arm, the second side arm, middle frame and small rack；The hanger bracket,
One side arm, the second side arm, middle frame are fixed on support frame；The hanger bracket is arranged on support frame as described above front end center；It is described
First side arm and the second side arm are mounted side by side on supporting framing front end top center；The small rack both ends connect the first side arm respectively
With the front end of the second side arm；The middle frame connection support frame as described above and described small rack one end；The hanger bracket moves with existing
The hitch of power apparatus is connected；
The range-measurement system includes central platform, connecting shaft and range finder module；The central platform and connecting shaft one end are affixed, even
The spindle other end is connected with described small rack；The central platform keep level state；The central platform or so axis
Overlapped with the frame or so axis；
The range finder module includes cylindricality lead, infrared emission to pipe, infrared receiver to pipe, position sensitive detector and calculating electricity
Road；The cylindricality lead is mounted in central platform bottom center of gravity；The cylindricality lead and central platform center of gravity are erect straight at one
On line, increase the range-measurement system balance；The position sensitive detector, counting circuit, infrared emission are integrated into one to pipe
Individual integral installation is located at cylindricality lead two respectively to pipe and infrared receiver in the central platform bottom, the infrared emission to pipe
Side；When adjusting ditching depth, due to the balanced action of the cylindricality lead, central platform remains horizontality；During trench digging,
The infrared emission is believed the distance at pipe and bottom of ditching for detecting infrared emission pipe real time emission infrared detection signal
Number, distance signal, which runs into bottom of trench and reflected, to be fallen on the position sensitive detector；The counting circuit calculates transmitting to pipe
With the distance value at ditched bottom, and it is transferred to control system input in real time；
The control system includes single-chip microcomputer, input, the first output end, the second output end, the 3rd output end, the 4th output end
And indicator lamp；The single-chip microcomputer is arranged on central platform upper surface center, increases the range-measurement system stability；The list
Piece machine input port is connected with the input；First output end, the second output end, the 3rd output end, the 4th output end point
It is not connected with single-chip microcomputer delivery outlet；The indicator lamp is that data transfer shows signal, often carries out a data transfer, and indicator lamp dodges
Sparkle once；
The distance signal that the control system real-time reception range-measurement system is sent, determine output control signal and control the first electromagnetism
The action of proportional reversing valve, the second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve；Institute
State the first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve
It is connected respectively with the first output end, the second output end, the 3rd output end, the 4th output end；
The hydraulic system includes fuel tank, filter, hydraulic pump, the first one-way throttle valve, the second one-way throttle valve, the 3rd unidirectional
Choke valve, the 4th one-way throttle valve, the first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the commutation of the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional
Valve, the 4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, hydraulic cylinder, heat exchanger and thermometer are formed；The fuel tank by hydraulic circuit with it is described
Filter is connected；The filter is connected by hydraulic circuit with the hydraulic pump；Described hydraulic pump one end passes through hydraulic circuit
Power is provided from fuel tank oil suction；The hydraulic pump other end by hydraulic circuit respectively with first one-way throttle valve, second
One-way throttle valve, the 3rd one-way throttle valve, the 4th one-way throttle valve are connected；The first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the second electromagnetism
Proportional reversing valve, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 4th solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve are single with described first respectively by hydraulic circuit
It is connected to choke valve, the second one-way throttle valve, the 3rd one-way throttle valve, the 4th one-way throttle valve；First hydraulic motor, the second liquid
Pressure motor, the 3rd hydraulic motor respectively with first one-way throttle valve, the second one-way throttle valve, the 3rd one-way throttle valve phase
Even；The hydraulic cylinder is connected with the 4th one-way throttle valve；The push rod external part of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged on support frame as described above
On；The heat exchanger is arranged on surface after fuel tank, and the heat exchanger oil inlet and outlet is connected by hydraulic circuit with fuel tank；Institute
State thermometer and be arranged on the preceding surface of fuel tank；The heat exchanger is used to ensure that oil temperature is stable with thermometer, prevents high oil temperature from damaging
Bad hydraulic system；
The 4th solenoid-operated proportional commutation valve events, hydraulic cylinder extension, driving support frame as described above rotation, and then change trench digging deeply
Degree；
The first solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the second solenoid-operated proportional reversal valve, the 3rd solenoid-operated proportional commutation valve events, hydraulic motor
Rotating speed changes, and then changes trench digging speed；
The trench digging system includes the first power transmission shaft, second driving shaft, the first drive sprocket, the second drive sprocket, the first hydraulic pressure
Motor, driving chain, spiral dumper and chain type ditching knife；First power transmission shaft passes through bearing and support frame as described above front end phase
Even；The first hydraulic motor output end passes through shaft coupling and the described first transmission axis connection；The spiral dumper and first
Drive sprocket is affixed；First drive sprocket passes through spline and the described first transmission axis connection；The second driving shaft passes through
Bearing is connected with support frame as described above rear end；Second drive sprocket is fixed on the second driving shaft；First transmission
Sprocket wheel, the second drive sprocket are connected by driving chain；The chain type ditching knife is uniformly fixed on the driving chain；
First power transmission shaft is rotated by first hydraulic motor, and first drive sprocket is rotated described in drive
Driving chain and the second sprocket wheel rotate, and then drive the chain type ditching knife rotary operation；At the same time, the spiral dumper
Rotate under the drive of first power transmission shaft, excluded native in time；
The fertilization system includes fertilizer box, the second hydraulic motor, the 3rd power transmission shaft, flood dragon cage, fertilizer cylinder and fertilizer-guiding plate；The fertilizer box
It is placed on the first side arm and the second side arm；The fertilizer-dropping hole of the fertilizer box is connected with the fertile mouth that enters of fertilizer cylinder；The fertilizer cylinder
Fertilizer outlet is connected with fertilizer-guiding plate one end；The fertilizer-guiding plate other end is extended at the middle frame；Second hydraulic motor is defeated
Go out end by shaft coupling with the 3rd power transmission shaft to be connected；3rd power transmission shaft is connected by bearing with support frame；The flood dragon
Cage is fixed on the 3rd power transmission shaft；The flood dragon cage and the 3rd power transmission shaft are arranged in fertilizer cylinder, the flood dragon cage diameter and the row
Fertile cylinder diameter is equal；
Fertilizer enters the fertilizer cylinder, and the 3rd power transmission shaft is rotated by second hydraulic motor, described in drive
Flood dragon cage rotate, and then drive fertilizer enter fertilizer-guiding plate, fertilizer is fallen into along fertilizer-guiding plate ditch in；
The earthing system includes the 3rd hydraulic motor, the 4th power transmission shaft and spiral and returns earthenware；The 3rd hydraulic motor output
End is connected by shaft coupling with the 4th power transmission shaft；4th power transmission shaft is connected by bearing with middle frame；The spiral
Earthenware is returned to be fixed on the 4th power transmission shaft；Spiral in the earthing system returns earthenware and described spiral dumper is oppositely oriented
And it is located at the same horizontal position；Second hydraulic motor is identical with the 3rd hydraulic motor steering；
After ending ditch, the 4th power transmission shaft is rotated by the 3rd hydraulic motor, drives spiral to return earthenware rotation,
By native backfill in time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720422702.8U CN206790926U (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2017-04-21 | The all-hydraulic fertilizer applicator for orchard that a kind of ditching depth automatically adjusts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720422702.8U CN206790926U (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2017-04-21 | The all-hydraulic fertilizer applicator for orchard that a kind of ditching depth automatically adjusts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206790926U true CN206790926U (en) | 2017-12-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720422702.8U Expired - Fee Related CN206790926U (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2017-04-21 | The all-hydraulic fertilizer applicator for orchard that a kind of ditching depth automatically adjusts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN206790926U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106900215A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-30 | 山东农业大学 | The all-hydraulic fertilizer applicator for orchard that a kind of ditching depth is automatically adjusted |
| CN108184553A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-22 | 吴丹 | Careless device is planted in a kind of automation of Multifunctional trench |
| CN109716895A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-07 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of duplicate rows ditching depth is apart from self-checking device and method |
-
2017
- 2017-04-21 CN CN201720422702.8U patent/CN206790926U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106900215A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-30 | 山东农业大学 | The all-hydraulic fertilizer applicator for orchard that a kind of ditching depth is automatically adjusted |
| CN108184553A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-22 | 吴丹 | Careless device is planted in a kind of automation of Multifunctional trench |
| CN109716895A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-07 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of duplicate rows ditching depth is apart from self-checking device and method |
| CN109716895B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2023-11-24 | 山东农业大学 | Automatic double-row ditching depth distance adjusting device and method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20171226 |