CN206696343U - A kind of multi-frequency inductance measurement circuit of the long wire of earth's surface - Google Patents
A kind of multi-frequency inductance measurement circuit of the long wire of earth's surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN206696343U CN206696343U CN201720486501.4U CN201720486501U CN206696343U CN 206696343 U CN206696343 U CN 206696343U CN 201720486501 U CN201720486501 U CN 201720486501U CN 206696343 U CN206696343 U CN 206696343U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of long wire multi-frequency inductance measurement circuit of earth's surface, basic fundamental design of the present utility model is：Connected with the measuring resistance of known resistance and known voltage signal source with the long lead inductance of measured two-terminal-grounding and form a series loop, and direct current and Alternating Current Power Supply are carried out to above-mentioned loop respectively, the resistance value and inductance value of the long wire of two-terminal-grounding are tried to achieve respectively, and the harmonic signal of different frequency is loaded to loop can just calculate the inductance value of the long wire of two-terminal-grounding under each frequency operating mode respectively.The utility model has the advantages that：Measuring principle is easy and effective, system architecture is simple and stability is good, is adapted to the operation of field complex environment；The utility model is easily programmed and forms the subsystem of automatic measurement；And be able to can just complete to measure work by the use of 12 volts or 24 overhead accumulators as system power supply, portable devices are good.
Description
Technical field
A kind of long wire multi-frequency inductance measurement circuit of earth's surface is the utility model is related to, belongs to electron electric power technical field.
Background technology
At present, in geophysical exploration engineering, the long wire up to thousands of meters of two-terminal-groundings usually is laid in earth's surface, as
The antenna of electromagenetic wave radiation is by electromagnetic radiation to receiving area.Power supply highest frequency on the long wire of two-terminal-grounding is typically reachable
Tens KHz, or reach 100KHz.Under high frequency operating mode, the inductance parameters of long wire are the important of this kind of power supply region
Parameter.In the current supply circuit of two-terminal-grounding, grounding resistance typically can be controlled in 100 ohms, still, in high frequency operating mode
Under, such as 100KHz, induction reactance caused by the inductance characteristic of long wire, up to several thousand ohms, high frequency operating mode electric current declines 1-2 quantity
Level.So in order to design the radiating antenna loop of the long wire of two-terminal-grounding, it is necessary to enter to the long wire of two-terminal-grounding laid
Row inductance measurement.For example, Publication No. CN205898896U patent discloses a kind of RLC testers based on STM32, its
Including：Measuring circuit, range switch circuit, key circuit, embedded Control circuit, liquid crystal screen module.Described measuring circuit
Include resistance measuring circuit, capacitance measurement circuit and inductance measurement circuit；Described range switch circuit is to pass through multi-channel analog
Selecting switch CD4052, realize the conversion of measurement classification；Described key circuit is by selecting to survey by key control is embedded
Measure component classification, range switching and control multidiameter option switch；Described embedded Control circuit is used for measuring circuit
It is controlled, exports measurement data；Described liquid crystal screen module is used to show last measurement result.
For example, Publication No. CN205427011U patent discloses a kind of Multi-functional digital display frequency meter, including measurement end,
Switching circuit, resistance measuring circuit, capacitance measurement circuit, inductance measurement circuit, frequency measurement circuit, main controller and display electricity
Road, the measurement end are used to connect element under test, and the output end of measurement end connects resistance measuring circuit, electric capacity via switching circuit
The input of measuring circuit and inductance measurement circuit, the output of resistance measuring circuit, capacitance measurement circuit and inductance measurement circuit
End is all connected with the input of frequency measurement circuit, the output end connection main controller of frequency measurement circuit, and the output end of main controller connects
Connect display circuit.
In another example Publication No. CN205210159U patent discloses a kind of voice reading universal meter, including test pencil, list
Piece machine and the tension measuring circuit being connected respectively with single-chip microcomputer, current measurement circuit, resistance measuring circuit, are characterized in that：
Also include be connected respectively with single-chip microcomputer voice synthetic module, frequency measurement circuit, temperature-measuring module, capacitance measurement circuit,
Inductance measurement circuit and wave generator circuit, voice synthetic module connection loudspeaker, the test pencil connect wave generator circuit, and
Test pencil is provided with the locking reading button and voice reading button being connected with single-chip microcomputer.
It is the all-in resistance composition principle schematic diagram of resistance and inductor loop as shown in Figure 1.R represents the resistance of pure resistance in Fig. 1
Anti- reference axis, RLRepresent the reference axis of the induction reactance of pure inductance.RResistanceIt is the resistance of series resistance, RSenseIt is the induction reactance of inductance, RAlwaysIt is electricity
Resistance and the total impedance of inductance series circuit.Under high frequency operating mode, RSenseBe sized to reach RResistanceDecades of times, seriously reduce back
The high-frequency emission efficiency on road, under high frequency operating mode, the induction reactance of inductance turns into the main impedance in loop.The theoretical formula and reality of inductance
Measurement all shows that the inductance value of long wire is not a constant for working frequency, is the change with working frequency
One physical quantity.It is therefore necessary under multiple frequency operating modes in working frequency range, the long wire of two-terminal-grounding of laying is carried out
The field survey of inductance.
The emission system of existing geophysics electromagnetic prospecting instruments, the highest of the working frequency used are not more than
10kHz.In fact, the optimum frequency for Shallow High Resolution electromagnetic prospecting should be a series of since 100kHz
Frequency.So it is the high frequency not yet covered by the emitter of geophysics electromagnetic prospecting instruments from 10KHz to 100KHz at present
Section.Depth of exploration corresponding to this frequency range, with shallow, is that today's society mankind's activity is related to most frequent depth at 100 meters.10KHz
Machine covering is not launched to 100KHz frequency ranges, is the inductance characteristic because to the long wire of two-terminal-grounding, particularly high band is more
Inductance characteristic research under frequency is inadequate.So the long wire for laying and the two-terminal-grounding of earth's surface is have studied, in multiple frequencies
The method that its inductance value is accurately measured is carried out under rate.
In theory, the inductance value of long wire can calculate.In fact, the length for being laid in the two-terminal-grounding of earth's surface is led
Line, its inductance value is related to working frequency, also with wire underground and neighbors around even distally under stratum electrical conductivity and
Magnetic conductivity is closely related.Calculate the greatest difficulty duration wire underground and neighborhood underground even distant place stratum of long lead inductance
Electromagnetic parameter is unknown, and the electromagnetic parameter on stratum is also distributed in three dimensions in underground, and this allows for the inductance of long wire
Calculate, technically become hardly possible.So want to obtain the inductance value of the long wire of two-terminal-grounding, can only be by the spot
The technical scheme of measurement.
Fig. 2 is relation schematic diagram of the long wire of two-terminal-grounding with subsurface formations unit for being laid in earth's surface.Grown due to calculating
Magnetic field caused by current in wire needs the electrical parameter for the electrical conductivity and magnetic conductivity for being related to space, so, long wire underground
The Electrical distribution of layer will form the influence determined to long current in wire in magnetic field caused by space.
P1, p2 and p3 represent the stratigraphic unit of different electromagnetic properties respectively in Fig. 2.It is the two of laying and earth's surface on earth's surface
Hold the long wire of ground connection.Long lead inductance and electric current magnetic field intensity positive correlation caused by earth's surface nearby on wire, and earth's surface magnetic
Field intensity and the electrical conductivity of subsurface formations, the electromagnetic parameter of magnetic conductivity are closely related.Because different frequency electromagnetic wave is toward underground
Coupling depth is different, and the stratum electromagnetic property that different frequency electromagnetic wave is coupled to also is varied from, and has resulted in different frequency work
Under condition, the inductance value of the long wire of same is different.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of multi-frequency for the long wire of earth's surface that can overcome above-mentioned technical problem
Inductance measurement circuit.Basic fundamental of the present utility model is conceived：Measuring resistance and known voltage signal with known resistance
Source is connected with the long lead inductance of measured two-terminal-grounding and forms a series loop, and above-mentioned loop is carried out respectively straight
Stream and Alternating Current Power Supply, the resistance value and inductance value of the long wire of two-terminal-grounding are tried to achieve respectively, the harmonic wave of different frequency is loaded to loop
Signal can just calculate the inductance value of the long wire of two-terminal-grounding under each frequency operating mode respectively.
The multi-frequency inductance measurement circuit of the long wire of earth's surface of the present utility model includes：The long wire direct current resistance m easurem ent of earth's surface
Circuit and the long lead inductance measuring circuit of earth's surface；The long wire DC resistance measurement circuit of earth's surface includes the direct current of series connection
Source, the resistance of the long wire left end earthing or grounding means of earth's surface, the long wire of earth's surface resistance in itself, the long wire right-hand member earthing or grounding means of earth's surface
The measuring resistance of resistance, known resistance, by the resistance of the long wire left end earthing or grounding means of earth's surface, the long wire of earth's surface resistance in itself,
The resistance of the long wire right-hand member earthing or grounding means of earth's surface merges into the all-in resistance of transmitting antenna, and the all-in resistance of the transmitting antenna is i.e. described
The resistance summation of the resistance of the long wire of earth's surface and the long wire two-terminal-grounding device of the earth's surface.
The long lead inductance measuring circuit of earth's surface includes the AC power, measuring resistance of known resistance, described of series connection
The long lead inductance of all-in resistance, earth's surface of transmitting antenna.The all-in resistance of the transmitting antenna be the long wire of the earth's surface resistance and
The resistance summation of the long wire two-terminal-grounding device of earth's surface, the all-in resistance of the transmitting antenna i.e. the direct current of transmitting antenna
Resistance.
The course of work of the multi-frequency inductance measurement circuit of the long wire of earth's surface of the present utility model is：
(1) under DC condition and operating mode, the long wire of earth's surface only shows the feature of pure resistance, by loading direct current
Electric current, the voltage on the output voltage of supplying cell and the measuring resistance of series connection is accurately measured respectively；
(2) and then voltage on the long wire of the earth's surface is obtained；
(3) and then the i.e. long wire D.C. resistance of pure resistance value corresponding to the long wire of the earth's surface is obtained；
(4) under under AC conditions and operating mode, the long wire of earth's surface shows emotional resistance, i.e., the described long wire of earth's surface
Induction reactance, because impedance and induction reactance differ 90 ° of phases, so the mode that can be synthesized and decompose according to impedance and induction reactance；According to
The output voltage of voltage drop and battery in measuring resistance calculates the inductance value of the long wire of earth's surface under working frequency.
The inductance of the long wire of earth's surface is in addition to the physical parameter with the wire of conductor length in itself is relevant, and also and institute
Subsurface formations rock conductivity, the parameter of magnetic conductivity for stating the long wire position of earth's surface are related.By different operating frequency institute
The underground medium depth of coupling is different, and the parameter of underground deep formation rock electrical conductivity magnetic conductivity is change, so, it is described
The inductance of the long wire of earth's surface is except about in addition to being also related also to working frequency to physical parameter.Therefore, it is necessary to measure
The inductance value of the long wire of earth's surface at different frequencies.
To a certain frequency, the long wire of the earth's surface is connected with the measuring resistance of known resistance, then supplied to series loop
Electricity.The voltage in output voltage and the measuring resistance is measured, is obtained as inductance with regard to the long wire of the earth's surface can be calculated
The induction reactance of inductance is obtained in voltage drop, the voltage drop then obtained according to the inductance tried to achieve, recycles induction reactance under the conditions of given frequency
Calculation formula calculates the inductance value of the long wire of the earth's surface.
The utility model has the advantages that：The utility model measuring principle is easy and effective, system architecture is simple and stability is good,
It is adapted to the operation of field complex environment；The utility model is easily programmed and forms the subsystem of automatic measurement；And 12 can be utilized
Volt or 24 overhead accumulators can just be completed to measure work as system power supply, and portable devices are good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the all-in resistance composition principle schematic diagram of resistance and inductor loop；
Fig. 2 is relation schematic diagram of the long wire of two-terminal-grounding with subsurface formations unit for being laid in earth's surface；
Fig. 3 is the layout diagram for the long wire of two-terminal-grounding for being laid in earth's surface；
Fig. 4 is the long wire radiating circuit of two sides earth earth's surface；
Fig. 5 is the long structure chart of wire DC resistance measurement circuit embodiment one of earth's surface；
Fig. 6 is the long structure chart of wire DC resistance measurement circuit embodiment two of earth's surface；
Fig. 7 is the long lead inductance measuring circuit of earth's surface.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The long wire of earth's surface of the present utility model
Multi-frequency inductance measurement circuit include：The long wire DC resistance measurement circuit of earth's surface and the long lead inductance measuring circuit of earth's surface；
The long wire DC resistance measurement circuit of earth's surface includes the dc source of series connection, the electricity of the long wire left end earthing or grounding means of earth's surface
Resistance, the long wire of earth's surface resistance in itself, the resistance of the long wire right-hand member earthing or grounding means of earth's surface, the measuring resistance of known resistance, by ground
Resistance, resistance, the resistance of the long wire right-hand member earthing or grounding means of earth's surface of the long wire of earth's surface in itself of the long wire left end earthing or grounding means of table
The all-in resistance of transmitting antenna is merged into, the all-in resistance of the transmitting antenna is the resistance and earth's surface length of the long wire of the earth's surface
The resistance summation of wire two-terminal-grounding device.
The long lead inductance measuring circuit of earth's surface includes the AC power, measuring resistance of known resistance, described of series connection
The long lead inductance of all-in resistance, earth's surface of transmitting antenna.The all-in resistance of the transmitting antenna be the long wire of the earth's surface resistance and
The resistance summation of the long wire two-terminal-grounding device of earth's surface, the all-in resistance of the transmitting antenna i.e. the direct current of transmitting antenna
Resistance.
The course of work of the multi-frequency inductance measurement circuit of the long wire of earth's surface of the present utility model is：
(1) under DC condition and operating mode, the long wire of earth's surface only shows the feature of pure resistance, by loading direct current
Electric current, the voltage on the output voltage of supplying cell and the measuring resistance of series connection is accurately measured respectively；
(2) and then voltage on the long wire of the earth's surface is obtained；
(3) and then pure resistance value corresponding to the long wire of the earth's surface is obtained；
(4) under under AC conditions and operating mode, the long wire of earth's surface shows emotional resistance, i.e., the described long wire of earth's surface
Induction reactance, because impedance and induction reactance differ 90 ° of phases, so the mode that can be synthesized and decompose according to impedance and induction reactance；According to
The output voltage of voltage drop and battery in measuring resistance calculates the inductance value of the long wire of earth's surface under working frequency.
The inductance of the long wire of earth's surface is in addition to the physical parameter with the wire of conductor length in itself is relevant, and also and institute
Subsurface formations rock conductivity, the parameter of magnetic conductivity for stating the long wire position of earth's surface are related.By different operating frequency institute
The underground medium depth of coupling is different, and the parameter of underground deep formation rock electrical conductivity magnetic conductivity is change, so, it is described
The inductance of the long wire of earth's surface is except about in addition to being also related also to working frequency to physical parameter.Therefore, it is necessary to measure
The inductance value of the long wire of earth's surface at different frequencies.
To a certain frequency, the long wire of the earth's surface is connected with the measuring resistance of known resistance, then supplied to series loop
Electricity.The voltage in output voltage and the measuring resistance is measured, is obtained as inductance with regard to the long wire of the earth's surface can be calculated
The induction reactance of inductance is obtained in voltage drop, the voltage drop then obtained according to the inductance tried to achieve, recycles induction reactance under the conditions of given frequency
Calculation formula calculates the inductance value of the long wire of the earth's surface.
The layout diagram of the long wire of the two-terminal-grounding for being laid in earth's surface as shown in Figure 3, both ends fill for ground connection in Fig. 3
Put, centre is signal emitting-source, the long wire connection two-terminal-grounding device of earth's surface.
The grounding resistance sum of the resistance of the long wire of earth's surface described in Fig. 3 and two-terminal-grounding device is designated as R, then will can be schemed
1 electrical connection is simplified to Fig. 4 circuit.
As shown in figure 4, POW is system transmitter in Fig. 4, R is the long conductor resistance of the earth's surface and two-terminal-grounding resistance
Summation, L are the inductance of the long wire of the earth's surface, and both are unknown number.It is always electric to ask for loop respectively for one circuit of design first
R is hindered, another circuit is then redesigned and carrys out survey calculation inductance value L.First with the long wire of the earth's surface as shown in Figure 5
DC resistance measurement circuit measures the long wire all-in resistance of the earth's surface.
As shown in figure 5, POW is dc source in Fig. 5, RLeft ground connectionFor the resistance of the long wire left end earthing or grounding means of the earth's surface,
RWireFor the resistance of the long wire of the earth's surface in itself, RRight ground connectionFor the resistance of the long wire right-hand member earthing or grounding means of the earth's surface, R0It is known
The measuring resistance of resistance, by RLeft ground connection、RWireAnd RRight ground connectionThree resistance are merged into the all-in resistance of transmitting antenna, are designated as RAlways, then can use
Fig. 6 replaces Fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 6, in Fig. 6, POW is dc source, and R is always the all-in resistance of transmitting antenna, R always unknown resistances, R0
For the measuring resistance of known resistance.
Direct current, the accurate output voltage V for measuring dc source POW are loaded to Fig. 6 circuitPOWWith measuring resistance R0Two
The potential difference V at end0, loop current can be calculated using formula：
I0=V0/R0 (1)
In formula (1), I0It is the current strength in loop, V0It is the potential difference of standard resistor at two terminals, R0It is the resistance of measuring resistance.
Now, the potential difference at transmitting antenna both ends is：
VMy god=VPOW-V0 (2)
V in formula (2)My godIt is the voltage drop at transmitting antenna both ends, VPOWIt is the output voltage of dc source, V0It is measuring resistance
The potential difference at both ends.
It is thus, it is possible to the all-in resistance for calculating transmitting antenna：
RAlways=(VPOW-V0)/I0 (3)
In formula (3), RAlwaysBe the transmitting antenna both ends including grounding resistance combined potential it is poor, VPOWIt is direct current in loop
The output voltage of power supply, V0It is the potential difference at loop Plays resistance both ends, I0It is the electric current in loop.
By above-mentioned measurement and calculation process, can calculate including two-terminal-grounding resistance in the total straight of interior transmitting antenna
Leakage resistance.
As shown in fig. 7, Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram for measuring long lead inductance.In Fig. 7, POW is AC power, R0It is known resistance
The measuring resistance of value, R always represent the resistance summation i.e. all-in resistance of transmitting antenna of the long wire of the earth's surface and two-terminal-grounding device
That is the D.C. resistance of transmitting antenna, V1RMSIt is the virtual value of AC power output signal voltage, V0RMSIt is that letter is exchanged in measuring resistance
Number voltage effective value, L represent that the inductance of antenna is the long lead inductance of the earth's surface, are unknown amounts to be measured.
Two voltmeters measure the virtual value V of the output signal voltage of AC power respectively in Fig. 71RMSIn measuring resistance
The virtual value V of AC signal voltage0RMS.Described two voltage effective value V1RMSAnd V0RMSUse VRMSSpecial measurement chip is surveyed
Amount.The voltage effective value of the special measurement chip measurement input signal, the analog level signal of virtual value is exported, is recycled logical
A/D convertor circuit can be measured that the virtual value V of the output signal voltage of AC power1RMSLetter is exchanged with measuring resistance
The virtual value V of number voltage0RMS。
The measuring process of the inductance of the long wire of earth's surface is to load measurement frequency signal to Fig. 7 circuit, then measure
The output voltage virtual value V of AC signal power supply1RMSWith the voltage effective value V of standard resistor at two terminals AC signal0RMS.Recycle
Below equation step, then it can calculate the inductance value of long wire.
(a) counter circuit current effective value IRMS：
IRMS=V0RMS/R0 (4)
In formula (4), IRMSFor AC signal current intensity virtual value, V in loop0RMS/ it is AC signal in measuring resistance
Voltage effective value, R0It is the resistance of measuring resistance.
(b) the AC signal voltage effective value at antenna resistance both ends is calculated, the antenna resistance is the long conductor resistance of earth's surface：
The current signal of antenna resistance and measuring resistance same-phase, the AC signal voltage effective value V of antenna resistanceARMS
Calculated with following equation.
VARMS=IRMS*RAlways (5)
(c) the AC signal voltage effective value of antenna resistance inductance is calculated：
Because the AC signal on inductance differs 90 ° of phases with AC signal on resistance, both voltage synthesis meet arrow
Composition principle is measured, i.e.,
And then export, VLRMSCalculation formula
(d) the induction reactance value of antenna is calculated：
Calculate the voltage effective value and loop current of inductance, it becomes possible to calculate the induction reactance value of the long wire of the earth's surface.
RL=VLRMS/IRMS (8)
In formula (8), RLIt is the induction reactance of the i.e. described long wire of earth's surface of antenna induction reactance, VLRMSIt is inductance both end voltage virtual value,
IRMSIt is loop current virtual value.
(e) inductance value of antenna is calculated：
L=RL/2πf (9)
In formula (9), L is the inductance of the long wire of the earth's surface, RLIt is the induction reactance of the long wire of the earth's surface, f is measurement work
Frequency.
It is described above, only specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited to
In this, any one skilled in the art is in the utility model scope of disclosure, the change that can readily occur in
Or replace, it should all cover in the protection domain of the utility model claims.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. multi-frequency inductance measurement circuit of the long wire of earth's surface, it is characterised in that including：The long wire D.C. resistance of earth's surface is surveyed Measure circuit and the long lead inductance measuring circuit of earth's surface；The long wire DC resistance measurement circuit of earth's surface includes the direct current of series connection Source, the resistance of the long wire left end earthing or grounding means of earth's surface, the long wire of earth's surface resistance in itself, the long wire right-hand member earthing or grounding means of earth's surface The measuring resistance of resistance, known resistance, by the resistance of the long wire left end earthing or grounding means of earth's surface, the long wire of earth's surface resistance in itself, The resistance of the long wire right-hand member earthing or grounding means of earth's surface merges into the all-in resistance of transmitting antenna, and the all-in resistance of the transmitting antenna is i.e. described The resistance summation of the resistance of the long wire of earth's surface and the long wire two-terminal-grounding device of the earth's surface；The long lead inductance measuring circuit of earth's surface includes the AC power, the measuring resistance of known resistance, the transmitting of series connection The long lead inductance of all-in resistance, earth's surface of antenna, the all-in resistance of the transmitting antenna are the resistance of the long wire of the earth's surface and described The resistance summation of the long wire two-terminal-grounding device of earth's surface, the all-in resistance of the transmitting antenna i.e. the direct current of transmitting antenna Resistance.
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| CN201720486501.4U CN206696343U (en) | 2017-05-04 | 2017-05-04 | A kind of multi-frequency inductance measurement circuit of the long wire of earth's surface |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106950432A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-07-14 | 北京华垚高新技术研究所有限公司 | The multi-frequency inductance measurement method and circuit of a kind of long wire of earth's surface |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106950432A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-07-14 | 北京华垚高新技术研究所有限公司 | The multi-frequency inductance measurement method and circuit of a kind of long wire of earth's surface |
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Granted publication date: 20171201 Termination date: 20190504 |