CN206564476U - A kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units - Google Patents

A kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206564476U
CN206564476U CN201621385663.0U CN201621385663U CN206564476U CN 206564476 U CN206564476 U CN 206564476U CN 201621385663 U CN201621385663 U CN 201621385663U CN 206564476 U CN206564476 U CN 206564476U
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battery
switching tube
circuit
energy
inductance
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CN201621385663.0U
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康龙云
王书彪
卢楚生
令狐金卿
王则沣
冯元彬
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units, the equalizing circuit is easy to extend the quantity of series connection accumulation unit, and 3 battery cells can be extended every time, and need to only increase an extension sub-circuit, without changing original main circuit structure.The equalizing circuit is less using switching device and energy-storage travelling wave tube, and 3n energy-storage units use the switching devices of 5n 2,1 energy storage inductor of 3n.The equalizing circuit can realize dynamic active equalization in charging, electric discharge, and under static condition to series connection accumulation unit, improve the unbalanced phenomenon of series battery, the active volume of battery pack is improved, reduces maintenance and the replacement cycle of series battery, extends the service life of battery pack.The battery management system of the energy storage equipment of the equalizing circuit suitable for electric automobile or storage station.

Description

A kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units
Technical field
The utility model is related to battery pack balancing technical field, and in particular to a kind of equilibrium of expansible 3n energy-storage units Circuit.
Background technology
In recent years, with air quality go from bad to worse and petroleum resources gradually deficient, new-energy automobile, especially Pure electric automobile turns into the exploitation focus of major motor corporations of the world today.Power battery pack as electric automobile crucial portion Part, has significant impact to vehicle dynamic property, economy and security.Power battery pack after multiple charge and discharge cycles, The situation that height differs will substantially occurs in the distribution of the residual capacity of each battery cell, if not being subject to equilibrium will easily occur Fill and cross and put phenomenon.Consequently, it is possible in actual use, battery pack service life will be had a strong impact on, in addition it is on fire in the presence of overheating Potential safety hazard.
For above-mentioned situation, in order to improve the problem of inconsistency of battery pack, the overall performance of battery pack is improved, then is needed Using Balance route.The method of current Li-ion batteries piles Balance route, according to consumption feelings of the circuit in balancing procedure to energy Condition, can be divided into energy-dissipating and the major class of energy non-dissipative type two;Dissipative type is in every section cell loong shunt shunting electricity Resistance, by controlling corresponding switching device to fall the energy of the higher battery module of residual capacity by resistance consumption, this method Energy is wasted, and substantial amounts of heat is generated in balancing procedure, the load of battery thermal management is added.It is non-to dissipate Type realizes the transfer of energy by outside batteries DC-DC circuit.Classify according to equalization function, charge balancing, electric discharge can be divided into Weighing apparatus and dynamic equalization.Charge balancing refers to the equilibrium in charging process, is usually to reach setting value in batteries monomer voltage When start equilibrium, prevent overcharge by reducing charging current;Equalization discharge refers to the equilibrium in discharge process, by surplus The low battery cell of complementary energy supplements energy to prevent overdischarge;Dynamic equalization mode combines charge balancing and equalization discharge Advantage, refers to the equilibrium carried out in whole charge and discharge process to battery pack.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is that there is provided a kind of expansible 3n energy storage in order to solve drawbacks described above of the prior art The equalizing circuit of unit.
The purpose of this utility model can be reached by adopting the following technical scheme that:
A kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units, the equalizing circuit includes 3n series connection accumulation battery and n Individual balanced sub-circuit, wherein, the 3n series connection accumulation battery is B1a, B1b, the B1c being sequentially connected in series respectively, B2a, B2b, B2c ... ..., Bja, Bjb, Bjc ... ..., Bna, Bnb, Bnc, every three batteries Bja, Bjb, Bjc are a battery group mj (j=1,2,3 ... n), common n Battery packs group, and wherein n is positive integer, and described n balanced sub-circuit, including a basis are balanced Sub-circuit Q1 and the balanced sub-circuit Qi of n-1 extension (i=2,3 ..., n);
The basis equilibrium sub-circuit Q1 is made up of inductance L1a, L1b and switching tube S1a, S1b, S1c, for being responsible for battery Group m1Equilibrium between middle battery B1a, B1b, B1c, described switching tube S1a, S1b, S1c are N-channel MOS FET, are wrapped respectively Include source electrode, drain electrode, grid;
In the balanced sub-circuit Q1 in basis, inductance L1a one end is connected with battery B1a negative pole, the other end and switch The drain electrode of pipe S1a source electrode, switching tube S1b is connected;Inductance L1b one end is connected with battery B1b negative pole, the other end and switch The drain electrode of pipe S1b source electrode, switching tube S1c is connected;Switching tube S1a drain electrode is connected with battery B1a positive pole, switching tube S1c Source electrode be connected with battery B1c negative pole;
The balanced sub-circuit Qi of extension (i=2,3 ..., n), by inductance Lia, Lib, Lic and switching tube Sia, Sib, Sic, Sid, Sie are constituted, and wherein inductance Lia one end is connected with battery Bia negative pole, the other end and switching tube Sia source electrode, Switching tube Sib drain electrode is connected, and inductance Lib one end is connected with battery Bib negative pole, the other end and switching tube Sib source electrode, Switching tube Sic drain electrode is connected, and switching tube Sia drain electrode is connected with battery Bia positive pole, switching tube Sic source electrode and battery Bic negative pole is connected, and switching tube Sid, switching tube Sie and inductance Lic are responsible for battery group miWith battery group mi-1It is connected, Inductance Lic one end is connected with battery Bia positive poles, and the other end is connected with the drain electrode of switching tube Sid source electrode, switching tube Sie, opens The drain electrode for closing pipe Sid is connected with battery Bi-1a positive pole, and switching tube Sie source electrode is connected with battery Bic negative pole.
Further, described switching tube S1a, S1b, S1c, Sia, Sib, Sic, Sid, Sie (i=2,3 ..., grid n) It is connected with control circuit, energy is realized in opening and turning off by the drive signal controlling switch pipe of the control circuit output The transfer of amount, reaches the purpose in a balanced way of battery pack.
Further, the 3n series connection accumulation battery is easy to extension battery group mi, i.e. three batteries Bia, Bib, Bic, meanwhile, the equalizing circuit adds the balanced sub-circuit Qi of an extension.
Further, the inductance in the equalizing circuit is energy storage inductor, its energy storage inductor value by switching tube switch The time for balance selection of frequency, battery cell voltage and/or equalizing circuit determines that the inductance value of different energy storage inductors can be met The demand of different time for balance.
Further, the frequency of the drive signal of the control circuit output is according to the switching loss of switching tube, energy storage electricity The inductance value and battery cell voltage of sense are determined with Capacity Selection.
Further, the dutycycle of the drive signal of the control circuit output is selected according to the condition of work of balanced sub-circuit Select determination, it is ensured that each inductance resets in each switch periods, i.e., under the electric current of energy storage inductor is final in each switch periods Zero is dropped to, inductance is operated under discontinuous mode.
Further, the 3n energy-storage units are secondary cells, including lithium ion battery, lead-acid battery, super capacitor Device or Ni-MH battery.
The utility model has the following advantages and effect relative to prior art:
1) the utility model ensures battery pack in the battery management system of series battery using a kind of equalizing circuit In monomer occur without overcharge and overdischarge during charging and discharging, improve the unbalanced phenomenon of series battery, carry The active volume of high battery pack, reduces the maintenance of series battery, extends the service life of battery pack, reduces hybrid power vapour Car, electric automobile and the operating cost of storage station.
2) the utility model is easy to extend the number of series battery cells, it is necessary to when extending cell number, can once increase One battery group, need to only add the balanced sub-circuit of an extension and be connected on original circuit, and be not required to original circuit Structure is modified with control strategy.
3) the utility model is during discharge and recharge is somebody's turn to do, and balanced sub-circuit first carries out the equilibrium of battery group internal cell, The equilibrium closed between battery group is carried out again, finally realizes the equilibrium of whole group battery, and control is simple, circuit is simple and reliable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of circuit theory diagrams of the equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units disclosed in the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of the balanced sub-circuit in basis in the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of the balanced sub-circuit of extension in the utility model;
Fig. 4 (a) is battery discharge pattern 1 in battery group;
Fig. 4 (b) is inductance freewheeling mode 1 in battery group.
Fig. 4 (c) is battery discharge pattern 2 in battery group;
Fig. 4 (d) is inductance freewheeling mode 2 in battery group;
Fig. 5 (a) is to close on battery group balancing procedure step 1;
Fig. 5 (b) is to close on battery group balancing procedure step 2;
Fig. 6 (a) is the balanced topological structure 1 of 9 batteries;
Fig. 6 (b) is the balanced topological structure 2 of 9 batteries.
Embodiment
It is new below in conjunction with this practicality to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the utility model embodiment clearer Accompanying drawing in type embodiment, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment is clearly and completely described, it is clear that retouched The embodiment stated is a part of embodiment of the utility model, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the implementation in the utility model Example, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made is belonged to The scope of the utility model protection.
Embodiment
The present embodiment combination accompanying drawing 1 to Fig. 6, is discussed in detail a kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units.
Fig. 1 is a kind of circuit theory diagrams of the equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units disclosed in the utility model, such as Shown in Fig. 1, the equalizing circuit includes 3n series connection accumulation battery and n balanced sub-circuit, wherein, the 3n series connection accumulation electricity Pond, is B1a, B1b, B1c, B2a, B2b, B2c ... ..., Bja, Bjb, Bjc ... ..., Bna, Bnb, Bnc, every three batteries respectively Bja, Bjb, Bjc are a battery group mj, (j=1,2,3 ... n), common n Battery packs group, and wherein n is positive integer, and the n Weigh sub-circuit, including the balanced sub-circuit Q1 in a basis, and the balanced sub-circuit Qi of n-1 extension (i=2,3 ..., n).
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of basic balanced sub-circuit, and the balanced sub-circuit in basis is by inductance L1a, L1b and switching tube S1a, S1b, S1c are constituted, and are responsible for battery group m1Equilibrium between middle battery B1a, B1b, B1c.The switching tube S1a, S1b, S1c is N-channel MOS FET, including source electrode, drain electrode, grid.
In the balanced sub-circuit in basis, inductance L1a one end is connected with battery B1a negative pole, the other end and switching tube The drain electrode of S1a source electrode, switching tube S1b is connected.Inductance L1b one end is connected with battery B1b negative pole, the other end and switching tube The drain electrode of S1b source electrode, switching tube S1c is connected.Switching tube S1a drain electrode is connected with battery B1a positive pole, switching tube S1c's Source electrode is connected with battery B1c negative pole, constitutes complete loops.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the balanced sub-circuit of extension, the extension balanced sub-circuit Qi, i=2,3 ..., n, by inductance Lia, Lib, Lic and switching tube Sia, Sib, Sic, Sid, Sie composition.Wherein inductance Lia one end and battery Bia negative pole phase Even, the other end is connected with the drain electrode of switching tube Sia source electrode, switching tube Sib.Inductance Lib one end and battery Bib negative pole phase Even, the other end is connected with the drain electrode of switching tube Sib source electrode, switching tube Sic.Switching tube Sia drain electrode and battery Bia positive pole It is connected, switching tube Sic source electrode is connected with battery Bic negative pole.Switching tube Sid, switching tube Sie and inductance Lic are responsible for electricity Pond group miWith battery group mi-1It is connected.Inductance Lic one end is connected with battery Bia positive poles, and the other end is with switching tube Sid's Source electrode, switching tube Sie drain electrode are connected, and switching tube Sid drain electrode is connected with battery Bi-1a positive pole, switching tube Sie source electrode It is connected with battery Bic negative pole.
All switching tube S1a, S1b, S1c, Sia, Sib, Sic, Sid, Sie (i=1,2,3 ..., grid n) with Circuit connection is controlled, opening and turning off by controlling switch pipe realizes the transfer of energy, reach the mesh in a balanced way of battery pack 's.
Fig. 4 (a)-Fig. 4 (d) is the balancing principle schematic diagram of 3 batteries in battery group.Said by taking the first battery group as an example It is bright.As Fig. 4 (a) when battery B1a overtensions, in a PWM cycle, open switching tube S1a, electric current by battery B1a, The loop of Q loop circuit representation electric currents in switching tube S1a, inductance L1a formation loop, inductance L1a energy storage, figure, arrow represents electric current Direction.Such as Fig. 4 (b), closed after switching tube S1a turns on a period of time, electric current by inductance L1a, battery B1b, inductance L2a, D1b (S1b anti-paralleled diodes) and inductance L1a, battery B1b, battery B1c, D1c (S1c anti-paralleled diodes), D1b is formed Energy is released to battery B1b and battery B1c by two closed-loop paths, inductance L1a.In order to ensure that energy storage inductor is operated in interrupted mould Under formula, switching tube S1a drive signal dutycycle is less than 50%.
When battery B1a brownouts, battery B1b and battery B1c shifts energy to it.In a PWM cycle, simultaneously Open switching tube S1b, switching tube S1c, electric current is by battery B1c, battery B1b, inductance L1a, switching tube S1b, switching tube S1c with And two closed-loop paths of switching tube B1c, inductance L1b, switching tube S1c formation, inductance L1a and inductance L1b energy storage.When switching tube is led Closed after logical certain time, electric current by inductance L1a, D1a (S1a anti-paralleled diodes), battery B1a and inductance L1b, D1b, Two closed-loop paths of D1a, switching tube S1a, switching tube S1b formation, L1a transfers energy to B1a, and L1b transfers energy to B1a With B1b.
When battery B1b energy is too high, battery B1b shifts energy to remaining two batteries.In a PWM cycle, lead Logical switching tube S1b, electric current forms loop, inductance L1a and inductance by battery B1b, inductance L1a, switching tube S1b, inductance L1b L1b energy storage simultaneously.Closed after switching tube turns on a period of time, electric current passes through inductance L1a, D1a, battery B1a and inductance L1b, two closed-loop paths of switching tube S1c, D1c formation, inductance L1a transfers energy to battery B1a, and inductance L1b passes energy Pass switching tube S1c.
Such as Fig. 4 (c), when battery B1b energy is too low, battery B1a and battery B1c transmits energy to it.One PWM weeks In phase, while opening switching tube S1a and switching tube S1c, electric current passes through battery B1a, switching tube S1a, inductance L1a and battery Two closed-loop paths of B1c, inductance L1b, switching tube S1c formation, inductance L1a and inductance L1b energy storage simultaneously.Such as Fig. 4 (d), opening Close pipe and turn on and closed after a period of time, electric current is by inductance L1a, battery B1b, inductance L1b, D1b formation loop, inductance L1a with Inductance L1b transfers energy to battery B1b.
When battery B1c and battery B1a is in symmetric position, operation principle is consistent with battery B1a.
Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b) is to close on Liang Ge batteries group balancing principle schematic diagram.With battery group m1With battery group m2Exemplified by explanation.
If Fig. 5 (a) is as battery group m1When energy is too high, battery group m1To battery group m2Transmit energy.At one In PWM cycle, switching tube S2d is opened, electric current passes through battery group m1, switching tube S2d, inductance L2c formation loop, inductance L2c Energy storage.Such as Fig. 5 (b), switching tube is turned on and closed after a period of time, and electric current passes through inductance L2c, battery group m2, D2e (switching tubes S2e anti-paralleled diodes) loop is formed, inductance L2c transfers energy to battery group m2
As battery group m1When energy is too low, battery group m2To battery group m1Transmit energy.A PWM switch week In phase, switching tube S2e is turned on, electric current passes through battery group m2, inductance L2c, switching tube S2e formation loop, inductance L2c energy storage. Switching tube is turned on and closed after a period of time, and electric current passes through inductance L2c, D2d (S2d anti-paralleled diodes), battery group m1Formed Energy is released to battery group m by loop, inductance L2c1
Similarly, as battery group m2When energy is too high too low, its operation principle and above-mentioned battery group m1Course of work phase Together.
Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b) are two kinds of implementation methods of 9 batteries equalizing circuits.
Battery group is closed on battery group and is realized equilibrium using the topology combined two-by-two in Fig. 6 (a).
In Fig. 6 (b), battery group uses ternary topology, and its balancing principle is balanced with cell in group former Reason is identical.
In summary, present embodiment discloses a kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units, the equalizing circuit is easy In the quantity of extension series connection accumulation unit, 3 battery cells can be extended every time, and need to only increase an extension sub-circuit, without Change original main circuit structure.The equalizing circuit is less using switching device and energy-storage travelling wave tube, and 3n energy-storage units use 5n-2 Switching device, 3n-1 energy storage inductor.The equalizing circuit can discharge in charging, and to series connection accumulation list under static condition Member realizes dynamic active equalization, improves the unbalanced phenomenon of series battery, improves the active volume of battery pack, reduces series electrical The maintenance of pond group and replacement cycle, extend the service life of battery pack.The equalizing circuit is applied to electric automobile or accumulation of energy electricity The battery management system of energy storage equipment in standing, by using two-way dynamic equalization skill in series battery cells management system Art, can guarantee that each battery occurs without to overcharge and cross during charging and discharging and puts phenomenon, improve series battery unbalanced The problem of, extend the service life of battery pack, and control is simple, circuit is simple and reliable, it is easy to extend series-connected cell number.
Above-described embodiment is the utility model preferably embodiment, but embodiment of the present utility model is not by above-mentioned The limitation of embodiment, it is other it is any without departing from Spirit Essence of the present utility model with made under principle change, modify, replace Generation, combination, simplification, should be equivalent substitute mode, are included within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units, it is characterised in that the equalizing circuit includes 3n series connection storage Can battery and n equilibrium sub-circuit, wherein, the 3n series connection accumulation battery, be respectively be sequentially connected in series B1a, B1b, B1c, B2a, B2b, B2c ... ..., Bja, Bjb, Bjc ... ..., Bna, Bnb, Bnc, every three batteries Bja, Bjb, Bjc are an electricity Pond group mj(j=1,2,3 ... n), common n Battery packs group, and wherein n is positive integer, the n equilibrium sub-circuit, including one Basis equilibrium sub-circuit Q1 and the balanced sub-circuit Qi of n-1 extension (i=2,3 ..., n);
The basis equilibrium sub-circuit Q1 is made up of inductance L1a, L1b and switching tube S1a, S1b, S1c, for being responsible for battery group m1Equilibrium between middle battery B1a, B1b, B1c, described switching tube S1a, S1b, S1c are N-channel MOS FET, respectively including source Pole, drain electrode, grid;
In the balanced sub-circuit Q1 in basis, inductance L1a one end is connected with battery B1a negative pole, the other end and switching tube S1a Source electrode, switching tube S1b drain electrode be connected;Inductance L1b one end is connected with battery B1b negative pole, the other end and switching tube S1b Source electrode, switching tube S1c drain electrode be connected;Switching tube S1a drain electrode is connected with battery B1a positive pole, switching tube S1c source electrode It is connected with battery B1c negative pole;
The balanced sub-circuit Qi of extension (i=2,3 ..., n), by inductance Lia, Lib, Lic and switching tube Sia, Sib, Sic, Sid, Sie are constituted, and wherein inductance Lia one end is connected with battery Bia negative pole, source electrode, switch of the other end with switching tube Sia Pipe Sib drain electrode is connected, and inductance Lib one end is connected with battery Bib negative pole, source electrode, switch of the other end with switching tube Sib Pipe Sic drain electrode is connected, and switching tube Sia drain electrode is connected with battery Bia positive pole, and switching tube Sic source electrode is with battery Bic's Negative pole is connected, and switching tube Sid, switching tube Sie and inductance Lic are responsible for battery group miWith battery group mi-1It is connected, inductance Lic one end is connected with battery Bia positive poles, and the other end is connected with the drain electrode of switching tube Sid source electrode, switching tube Sie, switching tube Sid drain electrode is connected with battery Bi-1a positive pole, and switching tube Sie source electrode is connected with battery Bic negative pole.
2. a kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described switching tube S1a, S1b, S1c, (i=2,3 ..., grid n) is with controlling circuit by Sia, Sib, Sic, Sid, Sie Connection, opening and turning off by the drive signal controlling switch pipe of the control circuit output, realizes the transfer of energy, reaches The purpose in a balanced way of battery pack.
3. a kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The 3n series connection accumulation battery is easy to extension battery group mi, i.e. three batteries Bia, Bib, Bic, meanwhile, the equilibrium Circuit adds the balanced sub-circuit Qi of an extension.
4. a kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Inductance in the equalizing circuit is energy storage inductor, switching frequency, battery cell of its energy storage inductor value by switching tube The time for balance selection of voltage and/or equalizing circuit determines that the inductance value of different energy storage inductors can meet different time for balance Demand.
5. a kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The frequency of the drive signal of the control circuit output is according to the switching loss of switching tube, the inductance value of energy storage inductor and electricity Pond monomer voltage is determined with Capacity Selection.
6. a kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The dutycycle of the drive signal of the control circuit output selects to determine according to the condition of work of balanced sub-circuit, it is ensured that every Individual inductance resets in each switch periods, i.e., the electric current of energy storage inductor finally drops to zero in each switch periods, makes inductance It is operated under discontinuous mode.
7. according to a kind of equalizing circuit of any described expansible 3n energy-storage units of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that institute It is secondary cell to state 3n energy-storage units, including lithium ion battery, lead-acid battery, ultracapacitor or Ni-MH battery.
CN201621385663.0U 2016-12-16 2016-12-16 A kind of equalizing circuit of expansible 3n energy-storage units Expired - Fee Related CN206564476U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108110827A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-06-01 昆明理工大学 A kind of cascaded lithium ion batteries are in parallel, bypass charge equalization system and its control method
CN111361453A (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-07-03 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Battery management system, battery pack, electric vehicle and battery management method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108110827A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-06-01 昆明理工大学 A kind of cascaded lithium ion batteries are in parallel, bypass charge equalization system and its control method
CN108110827B (en) * 2017-12-20 2023-09-26 昆明理工大学 Parallel and bypass charging equalization system for series lithium ion batteries and control method thereof
CN111361453A (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-07-03 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Battery management system, battery pack, electric vehicle and battery management method

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