CN206506338U - Direct current equipressure constant-current charge UPS protection circuits - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of direct current, including battery pack, protection circuit, constant-current charging circuit, diode D1, diode D2 and power supply adaptor, wherein, the positive pole of power supply adaptor and load resistance R positive pole connect the positive pole of battery pack, the negative pole of battery pack connects one end of protection circuit, the other end connection diode D1 of protection circuit negative pole and diode D2 positive pole, diode D1 positive pole connection load resistance R negative pole, diode D2 negative pole connection constant-current charging circuit, constant-current charging circuit connects the negative pole of adapter, constant-current charging circuit includes charged state display circuit, LED is provided with charged state display circuit, by increasing constant-current charging circuit and diode D1, diode D2, to solve the problems, such as the reserve battery management of charging and discharging for needing no supervision, ensure the safe handling without lithium battery in the case of manually participating in, and save cost.

Description

Direct current equipressure constant-current charge UPS protection circuits

Technical field

The utility model is related to electronic circuit technology field, particularly relates to a kind of isobaric constant-current charge UPS protections electricity of direct current Road.

Background technology

Modern society's electronic product development is maked rapid progress, and special digital product innovation emerges in an endless stream.The core of battery product Power source also requires that more and more higher, particularly stand-by power supply, portable power source application are also increasingly wider, is deep into all trades and professions. Such as monitoring power supply is, it is necessary to which 12V is inputted, and 12V is exported, while giving reserve battery charging.Other substantial amounts of industrial equipments are also to need 12V uninterrupted power sources are wanted to power.External power source has a power failure or power-off can not influence equipment work, it is necessary to seamlessly switch to standby electricity Pond powers, and manual switching or can not have switching time halfway.

Current market only has high-power 220V electric mains ups power, and low-voltage direct small-power ups power is that market is empty In vain, all trades and professions can not find rationally ripe solution to the demand of low-voltage direct uninterrupted power supply, can only be using most original And unsafe rudimentary solution, that is, inputted and loaded and the direct parallel operation of battery three by charger, it is as a result electric Pond is charged or equipment work power consumption all directly drags down charger input voltage, causes the passive discharge and recharge of battery high-frequency and the longevity Life extremely shortens, and battery electric quantity utilization rate is extremely low, and charger power supply instability causes equipment job insecurity etc. disadvantage.

Existing traditional uninterrupted power source is powered the disadvantage of method：To be powered solution with widest 12V reserve batteries Exemplified by method, lithium battery charger, apparatus of load, battery pack three are directly in parallel.(principle of other battery voltages is similar) Conventional method as shown in Figure 1, lithium cell charging and power supply wiring diagram, battery, load, the direct parallel operation of charger three and Charging.

Although there is 3 section lithium batteries to connect protection circuit between charger and battery pack, protection circuit is only protected Limiting value, such as：Short circuit, overcharge, the basic protection such as low pressure, excessively stream, can not enter for the change in the range of running current Row identification protecting.And the protection limiting value of protection circuit is all far longer than normal operating value, such as operating current is 3A protection Circuit, if set just 3A can be influenceed by booting moment high current can not normal boot-strap, so general all set protection Electric current is all in 6-10A or so, and an action is all only done in which kind of protection, is exactly cut off the electricity supply so that online equipment is direct Shutdown.

Because lithium battery is to voltage and its sensitivity, single-unit 3.7V lithium battery is full of voltage 4.2V, and increase 0.1V can be right Lithium battery causes permanent damage.So, the 12V lithium battery groups market of 3 section series connection uses 12.6V precise voltage lithium batteries Charger.Because now charger will bear battery charging and load two parts are powered, it is assumed that equipment needs 12V2A to power maintenance Normal work, lithium cell charging only allows maximum 1A to charge, thus, produces following adverse reaction:

Assuming that using 12.6V1A chargers, the limitation that lithium battery maximum charging current is no more than 1A can be met.But it is bright Aobvious, it is impossible to allow device power-up, underpower is superimposed with meeting equipment work and battery pack charge power.If filled using low current Electrical equipment, then lithium cell charging electric current is controlled, but load may work abnormal, because charger will bear battery pack Charging and equipment are powered 2 loads, and charger voltage is also significantly left behind, because lithium battery group is high-accuracy voltage charging, After charger voltage is pulled down into, battery pack is not fully filled electricity forever.In addition, when charger power is not enough to power supply to the device, Become battery pack simultaneously also to power to the load in parallel connection, discharge and recharge seriously separate it is unclear, in a kind of serious contradiction state, electricity The charging current of pond group can change with bearing power size variation, battery pack be likely to be at a kind of high-frequency passively charging and The state passively discharged.

Practice uses proof：Battery is chronically at the serious abnormal shape that a kind of passive high-frequency is charged and discharged repeatedly State, battery life is greatly shortened, and general battery core normal service life is about in 3-5, so using about 3-6 of the rear life-span The moon is eliminated.

Assuming that using 12.6V3A chargers, equipment work and lithium cell charging, but physical device work can be met on surface Work is dynamic, and non-static；Assuming that under equipment power down condition or under ideal case, power consumption is extremely low, then charger is remained Complementary work rate can cause lithium cell charging electric current is excessive to damage battery or extremely shorten electricity close to limiting value 3A to lithium cell charging The pond life-span.

B, it is assumed that by having a power failure, whole power consumptions are complete (now battery low pressure about 8V) for battery, and external power source comes again In the case of electricity, because the internal resistance of lithium battery is extremely low, typically in 50 milliohms or so, equipment 2A meets work, can be in myopia regards as Hinder for more than 12V/2A=6 ohm, civil power is sent a telegram here again, now, and lithium battery group is extremely low due to internal resistance, the big of charger will be seized Part electricity, charger voltage is dragged down close to lithium battery voltage 8V itself, and to approach the charging of 3A current versus cells group so that The possible irregular working of equipment, battery pack is also because the excessive severe life time reduction of charging current.

The drawbacks of traditional battery charge/discharge protection circuit method, is so more, but due to the perfect solution party of neither one Case, is the method that existing user mainly uses, and it is that cost meets need of work that damage battery pack is frequently changed by user.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a kind of isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of new direct current, asked with solving above-mentioned technology Topic.

Utility model content

For problem present in background technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of isobaric constant-current charge of direct current UPS protection circuits, to solve the problems, such as the reserve battery management of charging and discharging for needing no supervision, it is ensured that in the case of manually participating in The safe handling of lithium battery.

What the technical solution of the utility model was realized in：A kind of isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of direct current, including Battery pack, protection circuit, constant-current charging circuit, diode D1, diode D2 and power supply adaptor, wherein, power supply adaptor Positive pole and load resistance R positive pole connect the positive pole of battery pack, and the negative pole of battery pack connects one end of protection circuit, protection circuit Other end connection diode D1 negative pole and diode D2 positive pole, diode D1 positive pole connection load resistance R negative pole, Diode D2 negative pole connection constant-current charging circuit, constant-current charging circuit connects the negative pole of adapter, the constant-current charging circuit Include being provided with LED in charged state display circuit, charged state display circuit.

In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the battery pack is the lithium battery group of multi-section serial.

In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the chip in the protection circuit is China Thailand HTL6023.

In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the diode D1 and diode D2 select Schottky diode, and pressure drop is 0.3V.

In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the power of the power supply adaptor is more than or equal to battery charge power and apparatus of load Rated power summation.

In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the power supply adaptor customization voltage is 12.9V, and series lithium battery group is full of voltage 12.6V。

In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the LED is green LED lamp and red LED lamp.

The utility model direct current equipressure constant-current charge UPS protection circuits, including battery pack, protection circuit, constant-current charge electricity Road, diode D1, diode D2 and power supply adaptor, the positive pole of power supply adaptor and load resistance R positive pole connection battery pack Positive pole, the negative pole of battery pack connects one end of protection circuit, the other end connection diode D1 of protection circuit negative pole and two Pole pipe D2 positive pole, diode D1 positive pole connection load resistance R negative pole, diode D2 negative pole connection constant-current charge electricity Road, constant-current charging circuit connects the negative pole of adapter, and constant-current charging circuit includes charged state display circuit, and charged state shows Show and LED is provided with circuit, by increasing constant-current charging circuit and diode D1, diode D2, to solve to need no supervision Reserve battery management of charging and discharging problem, it is ensured that without manually participate in the case of lithium battery safe handling, and save cost.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is prior art circuits schematic diagram；

Fig. 2 is the utility model functions of modules schematic diagram；

Fig. 3 is the utility model circuit structure diagram；

Fig. 4 is HTL6023 circuit enlarged drawings in Fig. 3；

Fig. 5 is component parameters table in the utility model circuit.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment is carried out Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the utility model, rather than whole realities Apply example.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art institute under the premise of creative work is not made The every other embodiment obtained, belongs to the scope of the utility model protection.

As shown in Fig. 2 the isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of a kind of direct current described in the utility model, including battery pack, Protection circuit, constant-current charging circuit, diode D1, diode D2 and power supply adaptor.

Wherein, above-mentioned each electronic component is：Battery pack is the lithium battery group of multi-section serial, and serial lithium battery group is full of voltage For 12.6V；Diode D1 and diode D2 select Schottky diode, and pressure drop is 0.3V；The power of power supply adaptor be more than or Equal to battery charge power and apparatus of load rated power summation, power supply adaptor customization voltage is 12.9V.

The connection of above-mentioned each electronic component is：The positive pole of power supply adaptor and load resistance R positive pole connect battery pack Positive pole, the negative pole of battery pack connects one end of protection circuit, the other end connection diode D1 of protection circuit negative pole and two poles Pipe D2 positive pole, diode D1 positive pole connection load resistance R negative pole, diode D2 negative pole connection constant-current charging circuit, Constant-current charging circuit connects the negative pole of adapter.

Further, constant-current charging circuit includes being provided with LED in charged state display circuit, charged state display circuit Lamp, in the present embodiment, LED are green LED lamp and red LED lamp, to reach eye-catching prompting function.

Detailed analysis chart 2：For convenience of explanation, assume equipment 12V/2A rated power from most typical case, hold Measure the lithium battery group for 12V/2.2AH, maximum allowable 12.6V/1A chargings.

1. outside civil power normal power supply situation：In the case of outside civil power normal power supply, input voltage is 12.9V, first 12V apparatus of load is directly supplied electricity to, 12.9V inputs short voltage and is higher than battery voltage, and the sense of current is：Adapter is inputted just Pole -- → battery anode --- → battery electrode --- → protection circuit --- → D2 diodes -- → constant-current charging circuit -- → Adapter inputs negative pole.Now, diode D2 is turned on, and D1 cut-offs, constant-current charging circuit is in running order, and charging current will not Increase again with the change of load condition, charging red light LED is bright, show that green light represents to fill when charging current is less than 50ma Full, battery pack single battery voltage reaches that 4.25V can also protect cut-out.Due to passing through constant flow module, charging current is controlled, And maximum charging current can be set on demand according to actual conditions.Charging will not take Multifunctional electric resource and influence equipment to supply Electricity, situation is resolved.

Due to the isobaric constant-current charge UPS module of this case be set to constant current 1A charging, now, internal resistance can myopia regard as 12V/1A=12 ohm, (equipment internal resistance is inherent characteristic, can be with relative proximity for equipment operation internal resistance=12V/2A=6 ohm Seemingly regard changeless parameter as), also it is just met for even if peak power 3A after parallel connection, if it is desired to need equipment more stable, can To increase adapter power, such as 12.9V5A's, it can be seen that increasing adapter power will not have to battery pack charging current Influence, only can be more stable because being constant current.

2. the situation of outside mains failure：When outside mains failure, input port is also output port, now, is become Battery is powered, specifically：Electric current is from anode -- → load --- → D1 diodes -- → protection circuit --- → GND.This When D2 diode cut-off states, constant-current charge module do not work.Charging indicator light shows the non-charged state of green light.

It is the utility model circuit structure diagram, each component parameters as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 as shown in figure 5, simultaneously specific description It is as follows：

1. being the existing ripe 3 section lithium battery series connection protection circuit in market in dotted line frame, the circuit master chip is：Hua Tai HTL6023, as shown in Fig. 4 enlarged drawings, (3 string protection chips are a lot, the BYD3452 series of BYD, whole world consumption maximum It is NSK chip S8254AAF series etc., is all same type said function chip, this circuit dotted line frame can be replaced Part), all such cake core main functionalities in market can complete short circuit, low pressure, overcharge, there are abnormal conditions in excessively stream etc. The protection of absolute rating.

2. being the utility model innovative design part beyond dotted line frame, isobaric constant-current charge UPS circuit main elements include Tri- elements of TL431, LM358, AO4406, specific use principle is as follows：

Then supply voltage voltage stabilizing to 0.25V is divided two-way partial pressure to give LM358 chips two-way ratio by TL431 voltage-regulator diodes Compared with device as reference voltage, R2 after R3 partial pressures, is input to the LM358 pin of B roads comparator 3, and 2 pin are from the R7 voltages sampled and 3 pin As a comparison, controlling N-MOS pipes AO4406 charging current by comparing after voltage amplification, constant-current charge purpose is reached.At present Setup parameter is 0.5A charging currents.(can change constant-current charge electric current by changing R2, R3)

By R5 after TL431 voltage stabilizings, R6 partial pressures are supplied to 6 pin of LM358 A roads comparator as reference voltage, pass through 5 Pin sampling R7 voltage amplification after compare, 7 pin be by comparing after result output low and high level, when charging current is more than 50ma, exports high level, and luminescent diode red lamp is bright, and green light extinguishes；When electric current is less than 50ma, low level is exported, green light is red Lamp extinguishes；Shown in this, as charged state.(change R5, R6 resistance, which can change, turns lamp current)

R7 is as sampling resistor in whole series loop, and electric current is bigger, and resistance both end voltage is higher, and electric current is smaller, point Pressure is smaller.(by change R7 resistances can also change charging current and turn lamp current)

Additional information：

Equipressure charging, is 12.6V because 3 series lithium battery groups are full of voltage, one is have passed through between battery pack and input voltage Individual isolation Schottky diode 0.3V pressure drops, so adding the power supply adaptor that 0.3v is equal to 12.9V from 12.6V, certainly, are less than This voltage nor affects on circuit normal work, and simply lithium battery group can not be completely filled with.Output is also battery voltage Directly export, realize that same control source exports and ensures working stability to greatest extent, input：12.9V/3A Switching Power Supply is exported 12V；(or output can be with voltage stabilizing to other voltages)；

Realize UPS principle analysis：It is parallel connection method because adapter and battery pack are loaded by diode pair, is not in Adapter is powered simultaneously with battery pack to load, or has power supply electricity, because adaptor voltages export electricity than battery pack forever High 0.6V pressure differences are pressed, as long as adapter is not powered off, there will be no output for battery pack.It is exemplified below：

1. as external adapter input 12.9V,

2. lithium battery group is full of ceiling voltage=12.9V-0.3V diodes D1 pressure drops=12.6V.

3. assume lithium battery group to load supplying ceiling voltage=12.6V-0.3V diodes D2 pressure drops=12.3V.

4. give the voltage of load high 0.6V pressure differences (12.9V-12.3V=0.6V) it is obvious that adapter is exported than battery pack, That is, no matter circuit which kind of state, adapter exports the voltage exported forever than battery pack to the voltage of load to load High more than 0.6V, so, under normal circumstances, battery voltage is low due to potential for externally fed, as long as meeting adapter power>= Bearing power+battery pack charge power.Never there is adapter and battery pack to load while power supply or electric current backflow Phenomenon, battery pack can be in charging or full of ending and exporting cut-off state, just can electricity only under external power source powering-off state Pond group is powered, and really realizes UPS function of supplying power.

Using etc. voltage UPS, without using other power voltage supplies UPS schemes, be because circuit become succinct, if its His voltage may require that conversion voltage and cost is significantly increased, and also increase volume；Other voltage conversions have conversion efficiency.12V is Industrial general supply voltage, user just can directly replace implementation without changing original design.

Support high-power output.Deng the solution that voltage UPS power supply costs are minimum, produced by taking constant current 12.6V/1A as an example Increased expense is much lower more than other solution costs less than 2 yuans, due to battery pack, load, the whole circuit of adapter In same closed loop circuit, external power source power-off is directly switch to battery and powered, and without switching time, is seamless switching, fills Circuit is independent with equipment power supply circuit, is independent of each other, is that the UPS uninterrupted power sources of real meaning are powered.

Cost compares：Using the isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of the direct current of this case, increased cost less than 2 yuans (with Exemplified by 1A constant-current circuits, 16 points of LM358 price, 0.5 yuan of AO4406MOS pipes, two diode SS34 totally 0.3 yuan of other capacitance-resistance About 0.6 yuan of 0.2 yuan of element, increase PCB surface product and processing charges, total 1.66 yuan) but be actually the expense that client saves It is fairly obvious.Using the original aging method of tradition, it is necessary to using 12.6V/3A chargers one (30 yuan of unit price), be produced using this case After product, isobaric UPS charging modules increase by 2 yuan of cost, but can use 12V3A regular tap power supply adaptor (market list 10 yuan of valency), it can directly save 18 yuan.

The utility model direct current equipressure constant-current charge UPS protection circuits, have the advantages that compared to prior art：

Although 1. isobaric constant-current charge UPS module adds cost, using regular tap power supply 12V/3A saving Cost be far longer than the increased expense of UPS module, therefore holistic cost is greatly reduced.

2. on the basis of traditional lithium battery protection circuit, adding constant-current charge protection lithium battery, being unlikely to high current will Battery fills bad, and charging current can be set on demand.

Separated 3. charging is powered with equipment, be independent of each other, on the basis of constant current, add the UPS functions of uninterrupted power supply. So that battery pack is whenever all in the range of safe charging, equipment also ensure that steady operation.Management need not be manually gone, can To use online throughout the year.

4. there is complete Charge Management link, charge red light, green full of turn.

It is also the same port of input and output 5. not changing original protection circuit interface function.

6. because adding the Schottky diode of isolation, there are 0.3V pressure drops.Using customization 12.9V adaptor charges, 12.9V-0.3V diode drop=12.6V can completely be full of lithium battery group.Other 12V voltages can also fill, and not influence to make With being only possible to be not fully filled.

Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, it is all at this not to limit the utility model Within the spirit and principle of utility model, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the utility model Protection domain within.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of direct current, it is characterised in that：Including battery pack, protection circuit, constant-current charge Circuit, diode D1, diode D2 and power supply adaptor, wherein, the positive pole connection of the positive pole and load resistance R of power supply adaptor The positive pole of battery pack, the negative pole of battery pack connects one end of protection circuit, and the other end connection diode D1's of protection circuit is negative Pole and diode D2 positive pole, diode D1 positive pole connection load resistance R negative pole, diode D2 negative pole connection constant current are filled Circuit, constant-current charging circuit connects the negative pole of adapter, and the constant-current charging circuit includes charged state display circuit, filled LED is provided with electricity condition display circuit.

2. the isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of direct current according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The battery pack is The lithium battery group of multi-section serial.

3. the isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of direct current according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The protection circuit In chip be China Thailand HTL6023.

4. the isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of direct current according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The diode D1 Schottky diode is selected with diode D2, pressure drop is 0.3V.

5. the isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of direct current according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The power adaptation The power of device is more than or equal to battery charge power and apparatus of load rated power summation.

6. the isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of direct current according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The power adaptation Device customization voltage is 12.9V, and series lithium battery group is 12.6V full of voltage.

7. the isobaric constant-current charge UPS protection circuits of direct current according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The LED is green Color LED and red LED lamp.