CN206479416U - The constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear - Google Patents
The constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear Download PDFInfo
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- CN206479416U CN206479416U CN201720083676.0U CN201720083676U CN206479416U CN 206479416 U CN206479416 U CN 206479416U CN 201720083676 U CN201720083676 U CN 201720083676U CN 206479416 U CN206479416 U CN 206479416U
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- Prior art keywords
- shear
- box
- down cut
- section
- dial
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the cylindrical direct shear apparatus that a kind of section of shear is constant, including experiment porch and the upper and lower shear box being arranged on experiment porch, down cut box is fixed on experiment porch by fixing device, upper shear box is correspondingly arranged on down cut box, and can be rotated on down cut box, upper shear box and down cut box coordinates the cylindrical shear box for constituting and being used for accommodating sample;It is set with the side of down cut box on dial, upper shear box and is provided with the graduated scale matched with the groove on dial;A L-type rotating bar is fixedly installed at upper shear box central upper portion, the upper end of rotating bar is connected with servo motor output shaft, the horizontal component end bottom of rotating bar is provided with reading instruments, and the reading part of reading instruments is corresponding with graduated scale and dial, the groove value on the corresponding dial of graduated scale is read, servomotor driving rotating bar drives upper shear box and reading instruments synchronous axial system.Direct shear apparatus volume is moderate, is easy to onboard.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of soil mechanics experimental technique, more particularly to a kind of tests cutting for soil shear strength coefficient
Tangent plane accumulates constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus.
Background technology
It is well known that direct shear apparatus is a kind of instrument for being used to determine soil sample shearing strength under the conditions of static load, due to its letter
It is single easy, so popularization degree is higher.
Direct shear apparatus is mainly used in the shear strength parameter of measurement soil, is obtained by the relation between shearing force and displacement
To internal friction angle and the value of cohesive strength.Theoretical foundation is:Mole-coulomb failure theory=(σ)=σ+ C, whereinFor
Shear stress on damage of soil body face, i.e. soil classifiction;σ is the normal stress acted on above shear surface;φ is interior for soil
Rubbing angle;C is native cohesive strength.The measuring method of traditional direct shear apparatus is the relation curve by shear stress and shear displacemant
And the matched curve of drafting shear-resistant intensity obtains cohesive strength and internal friction angle;As depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
It is determined that different normal stresses effect under shearing strength when, using formula , it is known that traditional staight scissors
Instrument has the following disadvantages:Existing direct shear apparatus is that, by shear box on Level Promoting, occur between down cut box and upper shear box
The changing of the relative positions, staight scissors area change, due to the changing of the relative positions of box above and below shearing, the effective area of sample is gradually reduced in shear history,
Make that the stress distribution in sample is uneven, principal direction of stress changes, and formula, it is still assumed that A is constant, this results in error
Generation.When shearing facial disfigurement is larger, this defect shows more prominent.As shown in Figure 3.
The Chinese patent application of Application No. 201110079021.3 discloses a kind of temperature control type direct shearing equipment and installation method.
The patent application, including shear box, horizontal force loading device, the test water tank that test specimen is placed under steady temperature, water temperature detection
Unit and measuring mechanism.The patent easy can realize the shearing test of elastic-plastic material.But the patent application is not guaranteed
Staight scissors area is constant;Secondly, the matched curve of shear stress and the relation curve and drafting shear-resistant intensity of shear displacemant is passed through
The accuracy for obtaining cohesive strength and internal friction angle is low.
The Chinese patent application of Application No. 201410139777.6 discloses a kind of wait manually and strains direct shear apparatus.This is special
Profit application includes support stand and the horizontal loading system, vertical pressue device, shear box and the water that are arranged on support stand
Straight snips force measuring device.The patent makes the pressure on the vertical direction that the sample in shear box is subject in process of the test become equal
It is even, improve pressure transmission effect.But the not guaranteed staight scissors area of the patent application is constant;Secondly, shear stress and shearing position are passed through
The matched curve of the relation curve and drafting shear-resistant intensity of shifting obtains cohesive strength and the accuracy of internal friction angle is low.
The Chinese patent application of Application No. 201410216856.2 discloses a kind of constant shear face staight scissors.The patent Shen
It please include testing stand, upper shear box, down cut box, vertical load load maintainer, and horizontal loading load maintainer.The patent makes soil
The section of shear of sample remains constant, and direct stress does not also change.But the patent application is still by shear stress with cutting
The relation curve for cutting displacement and the matched curve for drawing shear-resistant intensity obtain cohesive strength and internal friction angle, and device is complicated, behaviour
Make difficulty big.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is that there is provided a kind of constant cylinder of section of shear to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art
Shape direct shear apparatus, using the direct shear apparatus can ensure staight scissors area it is constant and ensure staight scissors area it is constant in the case of measure
Go out shearing inclination, and then draw the value of the shear strength parameter, the i.e. internal friction angle of sample and cohesive strength of soil.This staight scissors
Instrument volume is moderate, is easy to onboard, and its data directly enters terminal, is easy to quickly handle experimental data.
To achieve the above object, the utility model uses following technical proposals:
A kind of constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of section of shear, including experiment porch and under being arranged on the experiment porch
Shear box and upper shear box, down cut box are fixed on experiment porch by fixing device, and upper shear box, which is correspondingly arranged in down, to be cut
Cut on box, and can be rotated on down cut box, keep stable during rotation, between upper shear box and down cut box, between the two not
Change is subjected to displacement, upper shear box and down cut box coordinates the cylindrical shear box for constituting and being used for accommodating sample;
Be set with the side of the down cut box on dial, upper shear box side be provided with the dial
The graduated scale of groove matching, dial is enclosed on down cut box side, therefore graduated scale can play correction in reading and carve
The effect of scale zeroing.
A L-type rotating bar, upper end and the servo electricity of the rotating bar are fixedly installed at the upper shear box central upper portion
Machine output shaft is connected, and the horizontal component end bottom of rotating bar is provided with reading instruments, and the reading part of reading instruments is with carving
Anale settting scale and dial are corresponding, for reading the groove value on the corresponding dial of graduated scale, when servomotor works, drive
Dynamic rotating bar drives upper shear box and reading instruments synchronous axial system.
The housing of the servomotor is fixedly connected with connecting rod one end, and the connecting rod other end is existed by axle sleeve movable set
On montant, servomotor and connecting rod can automatically be slided up and down on montant, and montant lower end is fixed on test platform, can be risen
To the effect that upper shear box is fixed.When so ensure that shear box is rotated, the section of shear is fixed.
Vertical loading device is provided with the top of the servomotor, the vertical loading device includes being arranged at servomotor
Corresponding counterweight is placed in the container of its upper top opening, container.Plus gravity is passed by motor, rotating bar after counterweight
It is delivered to above shear box.
The fixing device includes L-type pin, and the both sides all around of experiment porch are described provided with four L-type pin holes
Down cut box is provided with L-type pin corresponding with the L-type pin hole, and the L-type pin is through the L-type pin hole and inserts
Enter wherein, fixed down cut box.
Four L-type pin holes are symmetrically opened on experiment porch, and two relative pitchs of holes are more than down cut box
Diameter.
The precision of the dial is 0.01 °, 360 ° of range.
On the experiment porch 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° groove and corresponding mark are correspondingly arranged on along down cut box periphery
Know.
The reading instruments are connected with outer computer, for that will read data transfer to computer, by computer disposal
Show result.
Connection is engaged between the upper shear box and down cut box, and mutually can freely be rotated between the two.
Using the method for testing of the constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear, comprise the following steps:
Down cut box is being fixed on test platform by L-type pin first, upper shear box, can be with by the effect of montant
When ensureing that shear box is rotated, the section of shear is fixed, and is then added and is cut in effective section of shear of down cut box and upper shear box
Cut sample;
Secondly after the service condition of reading instruments and servomotor is adjusted, by upper shear box, reading instruments and servo
Motor is connected by connecting shaft;
Then the upper shear box is engaged completely with down cut box, and prepared after vertical loading device loaded load
Shearing;
The switch of reading instruments and servomotor is finally opened, starts experiment and typing microcomputer.
Reading instruments in the utility model are existing equipment, are commercially available in the market, be will not be repeated here.
Upper shear box and down cut box of the present utility model coordinate the cylindrical shear box for constituting and being used for accommodating sample;Under cut
Cut and dial is installed on the side of box, upper shear box is rotated by servomotor, the shearing inclination of sample is drawn.Data acquisition is led to
Experimental data is transferred to microcomputer by the programmable controller for crossing reading instruments, and passes through man-machine interface interactive operation;Profit
The direct output of result of the test is realized with computer, it is ensured that by the section of shear it is constant in the case of, the shearing resistance of measured soil
Shearing stress parameter more conforms to actual situation, and obtained internal friction angle and adhesive aggregation force value is had authenticity.
The utility model can be constant in guarantee staight scissors area and measured in the case where ensureing that staight scissors area is constant
Shearing inclination, and then draw the value of the shear strength parameter, the i.e. internal friction angle of sample and cohesive strength of soil.It ensure that
The accuracy of internal friction angle and cohesive strength, not gradually changed by effective section of shear is influenceed.This direct shear apparatus volume is moderate, just
In onboard, its data directly enters terminal, is easy to quickly handle experimental data, is that a kind of operating efficiency is higher
Direct shear apparatus.
Advantage compared with existing staight scissors:1st, present direct shear apparatus is all to obtain experimental data by measuring displacement,
The utility model is to obtain test data by angle;2nd, the not guaranteed staight scissors area of the displacement of present direct shear apparatus is constant, but
All assumed that when calculating it is constant complete, the utility model be ensure that in practical operation it is constant, so obtaining
Data are more accurate.
The direct shear apparatus that the utility model is provided it is simple in construction, operating method is simple, different from traditional direct shear apparatus experiment one
As need the horizontal position in-migration for measuring shear box to obtain Shear Strength Index, the direct shear apparatus that the utility model is provided is tested
When, shearing strength coefficient is obtained by measuring shearing inclination.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is shear stress and shear displacemant graph of relation in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is shearing strength line chart in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is that sample is cut situation map in the prior art;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the utility model direct shear apparatus;
Fig. 5 is graduated disk structure schematic diagram above down cut box in the utility model;
Fig. 6 is the utility model shear stress and shearing inclination graph of relation;
Fig. 7 is the utility model shearing strength line chart;
Fig. 8 is that sample is cut situation map in the utility model;
Wherein, 1:Experiment porch;2 :Down cut box;3 :L-type pin;4 :Reading instruments;5 :Rotating bar; 6 :On
Shear box;7 :Servomotor; 8 :Vertical loading device; 9 :Dial; 10 :Graduated scale, 11:Connecting rod;12:It is perpendicular
Bar.
Embodiment
The utility model is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Structure, ratio, size depicted in this specification institute accompanying drawings etc., only to coordinate in disclosed in specification
Hold, so that those skilled in the art is understood with reading, be not limited to the enforceable qualifications of the utility model, therefore not
Has technical essential meaning, the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or the adjustment of size are not influenceing this practicality new
Under effect that type can be generated and the purpose that can reach, it all should still fall and obtain and can contain in the technology contents disclosed in the utility model
In the range of lid.Meanwhile, the term of cited such as " on ", " under " in this specification, "left", "right", " centre " and " one ",
Understanding for narration is merely convenient to, and is not used to limit the enforceable scope of the utility model, the change of its relativeness or tune
It is whole, under without essence change technology contents, when being also considered as the enforceable category of the utility model.
, it is necessary to illustrate in description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected;Can
To be mechanical connection or electrical connection;Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected to by intermediary.For this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, concrete meaning of the above-mentioned term in the utility model can be understood with concrete condition.
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, a kind of constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of section of shear described in the present embodiment, including experiment
Platform 1 and down cut box 2, the upper shear box 6 being arranged on the experiment porch, the experiment porch 1 are provided with L-type pin hole
Down cut box 2 can be fixed on the experiment porch by the L-type pin 3 of front, rear, left and right, upper shear box 6 is correspondingly arranged
It on down cut box 2, and can be rotated on down cut box 2, keep stable during rotation, between upper shear box 6 and down cut box 2,
It is not subjected to displacement change between the two(As shown in Figure 8).The upper shear box 6 and down cut box 2 coordinate to constitute and are used to accommodate examination
The cylindrical shear box of sample.
The both sides all around of experiment porch 1 are provided with four L-type pin holes 3, and the down cut box 2 is provided with and the L-type
The corresponding L-type pin of pin hole, the L-type pin is through the L-type pin hole and inserts the L-type pin hole, plays fixation
The effect of down cut box 2.Four L-type pin holes 3 are symmetrically opened on experiment porch, and two relative pitchs of holes be more than under cut
Cut the diameter of box 2.
On experiment porch 10 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° groove and respective identification are correspondingly arranged on along down cut box periphery.
Be set with the side of down cut box 2 on dial 9, the upper side of shear box 6 be provided with the dial 9
The graduated scale 10 of groove matching, by rotating upper shear box 6, draws the shearing inclination of sample.
A L-type rotating bar 5, upper end and the servomotor 7 of the rotating bar 5 are fixedly installed at the upper central upper portion of shear box 6
Output shaft is connected, and the horizontal component end bottom of rotating bar 5 is provided with reading instruments 4, and number instrument 4 is used to obtain cylindrical shearing
The experimental data of sample in box, and the reading part of reading instruments 4 is corresponding with graduated scale 10 and dial 9, for reading
The groove value on the corresponding dial 9 of graduated scale 10 is taken, when servomotor 7 works, driving rotating bar 5 drives upper shear box 6
With the synchronous axial system of reading instruments 4.Upper shear box 6 applies rotatory force, applies the mechanism of rotatory force and can turn for any can apply
The mechanism of power, such as speed governing servomotor;
The housing of servomotor 7 is fixedly connected with the one end of connecting rod 11, and the other end of connecting rod 11 passes through axle sleeve movable set
On montant 12, servomotor 7 and connecting rod 11 can automatically be slided up and down on montant 12, and the lower end of montant 12 is fixed on experiment
On platform 1, upper shear box can be played a part of to fix.When so ensure that shear box is rotated, the section of shear is fixed.
The top of servomotor 7 is provided with vertical loading device 8, and vertical loading device 8 provides the load force of vertical direction.Institute
State in the container that vertical loading device 8 includes being arranged at its upper top opening of servomotor 7, container and place corresponding counterweight.Plus
By servomotor 7, rotating bar 5 by above weight transfer to upper shear box 6 after upper counterweight.
As shown in figure 5, the dial 9 installed on down cut box 2, obtains sample shearing inclination.The precision of dial is
0.01 °, 360 ° of of range
As shown in figure 4, reading instruments 4, upper shear box 6 and servomotor 7 are connected by rotating bar 5, vertical loading device 8
Positioned at the upper surface of servomotor 7.Wherein one end of rotating bar 5 connects reading instruments 4, and other end end connects servomotor 7, the
Shear box 6 on three-terminal link so that reading instruments 4, upper shear box 6 and servomotor 7 have identical rotational frequency.Readout instrument
Device 4 is connected with outer computer, and for that will read data transfer to computer, result is shown by computer disposal.
Application method of the present utility model is:First by down cut box 2 by L-type pin 3 be fixed on test platform 1 it
Afterwards, the addition shearing sample in effective section of shear of down cut box 2 and upper shear box 6.Secondly the He of reading instruments 4 is being adjusted
After the service condition of servomotor 7, shear box, reading instruments 4 and servomotor 7 on 6 are connected by connecting shaft.Then by institute
Shear box 6 is stated to engage with down cut box 2 completely, and the preparation shearing after the vertical loaded load of loading device 8.Finally open
The switch of reading instruments 4 and servomotor 7, starts experiment and typing microcomputer.
As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, according to soil mechanics direct shearing test principle, staight scissors sample size is fixed, and staight scissors area is constant, by
Mole-coulomb failure theory:=(σ)=σ+ C, whereinIt is strong for the shear stress on damage of soil body face, i.e. native shearing resistance
Degree;σ is the normal stress acted on above shear surface;φ is native internal friction angle degree;C is native cohesive strength.The section of shear is not
The cylindrical direct shear apparatus of change solves traditional direct shear apparatus staight scissors area change and the shearing position measured by staight scissors area change
The problem of moving inaccurate, the utility model by ensure staight scissors area it is constant and ensure staight scissors area it is constant in the case of survey
The method for measuring shearing inclination, finally draws the higher shear strength parameter of accuracy.
It is not new to this practicality although above-mentioned embodiment of the present utility model is described with reference to accompanying drawing
The limitation of type protection domain, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, ability
Field technique personnel need not pay the various modifications that creative work can make or deform still in protection model of the present utility model
Within enclosing.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of section of shear, including experiment porch and cut under being arranged on the experiment porch
Box and upper shear box are cut, it is characterized in that, down cut box is fixed on experiment porch by fixing device, and upper shear box is correspondingly arranged
It on down cut box, and can be rotated on down cut box, keep stable during rotation, between upper shear box and down cut box, both
Between be not subjected to displacement change, upper shear box and down cut box coordinates the cylindrical shear box for constituting and being used for accommodating sample;
It is set with dial, upper shear box side and is provided with and the groove on the dial on the side of the down cut box
The graduated scale of matching;
A L-type rotating bar is fixedly installed at the upper shear box central upper portion, upper end and the servomotor of the rotating bar are exported
Axle is connected, and the horizontal component end bottom of rotating bar is provided with reading instruments, and the reading part and graduated scale of reading instruments
And dial is corresponding, for reading the groove value on the corresponding dial of graduated scale, when servomotor works, driving is rotated
Bar drives upper shear box and reading instruments synchronous axial system.
2. the constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the housing of the servomotor
Be fixedly connected with connecting rod one end, the connecting rod other end by axle sleeve movable set on montant, servomotor and connecting rod energy
Enough to be slided up and down automatically on montant, montant lower end is fixed on test platform.
3. the constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, set at the top of the servomotor
It is equipped with vertical loading device.
4. the constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the vertical loading device bag
Include and corresponding counterweight is placed in the container for being arranged at servomotor its upper top opening, container.
5. the constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fixing device includes L
All around altogether provided with four L-type pin holes on type pin, experiment porch, the down cut box is provided with and the L-type pin
The corresponding L-type pin in hole, the L-type pin is through the L-type pin hole and is inserted, fixed down cut box.
6. the constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, four L-type pin holes
Symmetrically it is opened on experiment porch, and two relative pitchs of holes are more than the diameter of down cut box.
7. the constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the precision of the dial is
0.01 °, 360 ° of range.
8. the constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, on the experiment porch under
Shear box periphery is correspondingly arranged on 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° groove and respective identification.
9. the constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the reading instruments and outside
Computer is connected, and for that will read data transfer to computer, has computer disposal to show result.
10. the constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the upper shear box is with
Connection is engaged between shear box, and mutually can freely be rotated between the two.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201720083676.0U CN206479416U (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | The constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear |
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CN201720083676.0U CN206479416U (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | The constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear |
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CN201720083676.0U Expired - Fee Related CN206479416U (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | The constant cylindrical direct shear apparatus of the section of shear |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109342230A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-02-15 | 青岛理工大学 | Rock mass shear strength testing device and method based on osmotic pressure simulation |
-
2017
- 2017-01-23 CN CN201720083676.0U patent/CN206479416U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109342230A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-02-15 | 青岛理工大学 | Rock mass shear strength testing device and method based on osmotic pressure simulation |
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GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170908 Termination date: 20180123 |
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CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |