CN206250788U - A kind of serial parallel converter - Google Patents

A kind of serial parallel converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206250788U
CN206250788U CN201621198829.8U CN201621198829U CN206250788U CN 206250788 U CN206250788 U CN 206250788U CN 201621198829 U CN201621198829 U CN 201621198829U CN 206250788 U CN206250788 U CN 206250788U
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China
Prior art keywords
pole
diode
double
battery
battery cell
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201621198829.8U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨华舒
杨宇璐
吴霞
周新伟
李东
董卫
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of serial parallel converter, belongs to electrical technology field.Corresponding to n battery cell in battery packE1、E2、...、EN, the converter only needs 1 n double-pole double throw switchKWith n diodeD1、D2、...、DN, wherein n diodeD1、D2、...、DN is used only among charge circuit.The positive pole of diode is connected with the negative pole of battery cell respectively, then is connected with the normally opened contact in n double-pole double throw switches respectively;The negative pole of diode is in parallel, then with n double-pole double throw switches inKThe normally-closed contact An connections of _ n, in commutatorK_ 1~KNormally-closed contact A1~the An 1 of _ n 1 is in parallel, then with battery cellE1 positive pole is connected and drawn with wire, used as the positive pole port+In&Out being connected with external equipment.Battery cellE2~EThe positive pole of n respectively with commutator in knife poleK_ 1~K_ n 1 is connected, the knife pole in commutatorK_ n is drawn with wire, used as the negative pole port-In&Out being connected with external equipment.The utility model parts are few, make simple.

Description

A kind of serial parallel converter
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of serial parallel converter, belongs to electrical technology field.
Background technology
Fast development and the continuous advancement of material science due to new energy technology, various rechargeable batteries are Replace disposable battery in increasing category, be increasingly becoming the first-selected energy powered in movement.Load(Electrical appliance)Will The voltage of the voltage asked usually above single battery output, therefore need n battery cell series connection in groups to provide appropriate electricity Pressure output, but because conversion means are complicated and the reason such as the big, short life of the power consumption of great-power electronic element, so far these battery packs Substantially use serial connection charge mode.
It is obvious to the defect that battery pack carries out serial connection charge.Because the material of each inside battery, size and chemistry are anti- Should cannot ensure unanimously, the terminal voltage after each battery cell electric discharge has the difference that can not ignore.Battery pack is in serial connection charge During, the electric current that each battery cell flows through is identical, then the terminal voltage battery charge power high low electricity of terminal voltage greatly Pond charge power is small, thus easilys lead to the low battery of script terminal voltage over-charging of battery high, script terminal voltage and is not fully filled, shape Into the vicious circle charged, power, so as to significantly reduce the power output of battery pack and greatly reduce making for battery cell Use the life-span.For this kind of terminal voltage of lead-acid accumulator can not it is too low and without safeguard measure conventional power battery pack for, The damage that serial connection charge is caused is particularly acute.
In order to solve this problem, the conversion plan of several battery series and parallels, such as " charged in parallel string have been occurred in that The control circuit of connection electric discharge ", " the charged in parallel circuits and protection circuit of series-connected batteries ", etc..These circuits belong to automatic Control Cooling, all uses electronic component to implement monitoring and change, and is characterized in that conversion speed is fast, but its charging, discharge current Electronic component has all been flowed through, and this necessarily causes larger power thermal losses.Price, energy consumption due to great-power electronic element Greatly, the short life for continuously using, its high cost compared with battery pack, charger so that this kind of product is pushed away civil area Extensively have difficulty in taking a step.
In project of national nature science fund project(50869003、41462013、51069003), Yunnan Department of Education of Shanxi Province science grinds Study carefully fund project(2015Y072)Subsidy under, the Yang Yu of Chinese Kunming Survey, Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd. of CREEC Fine jade(Identification card number 530103198905132548)Propose intention, and with Yang Huashu, Wu Xia, Zhou Xin of Kunming University of Science and Technology The teachers and students such as big, Li Dong, Dong Wei constitute special topic group, have understood fully curent change and difference of the batteries in charging, discharge process, The characteristics of based on semiconductor devices and the advantage of idle conversion, stress to have studied hand switch+electronic component to implement string simultaneously Join the inexpensive technical scheme of conversion.
The content of the invention
For problem and deficiency that above-mentioned prior art is present, the utility model provides a kind of serial parallel converter.It is existing Battery series and parallel conversion equipment, influence its promote key factor be electronic component power consumption it is too big.If trying its power consumption Substantially lower, then not only can the amount of saving energy, more can significantly extend its longevity while electronic component cost is greatly reduced Life.
The characteristics of battery of nearly all kind has one jointly, that is, charging current is all far below the appearance of battery Amount, the even much lower than supply current of battery.By taking the minimum lead-acid accumulator of unit of electrical energy unit price as an example, its charging current only phase When in the 1/5~1/10 or lower of supply current, charging current too senior general has a strong impact on battery life or even damages electricity at once Pond.In addition battery is capacitive and load is often perception, and being transformed into charged state from power supply state zero-clearance may cause wink Between high current or high-voltage impact, one of the reason for this exactly causes foregoing existing series-parallel conversion device to damage.Using Although manual switch speed is slower, transfer process without electric energy loss, and this guarantees battery pack and the peace of conversion component Entirely, with more advantage cheap, simple to operate.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of serial parallel converter, corresponding to n battery cell in battery packE1、E2、...、EN, the converter is only needed Want 1 n double-pole double throw switchKWith n diodeD1、D2、...、DN, wherein n diodeD1、D2、...、DN is used only in charging Among loop.
The diodeD1~DThe positive pole of n respectively with battery cellE1~EThe negative pole of n is connected, then respectively with n dpdt double-pole double-throw (DPDT)s In switchK_ 1~KThe normally opened contact B1 of _ n~Bn connections;By diodeD1~DThe negative pole of n is in parallel, then with n double-pole double throw switches inKThe normally-closed contact An connections of _ n.In commutatorK_ 1~KThe normally-closed contact A1 of _ n-1~An-1 is in parallel, then with battery cellE1 positive pole is connected and drawn with wire, used as the positive pole port+In&Out being connected with external equipment.Battery cellE2~EThe positive pole of n respectively with commutator in knife poleK_ 1~K_ n-1 is connected;Knife pole in commutatorK_ n is drawn with wire, is made It is the negative pole port-In&Out being connected with external equipment.
The n double-pole double throw switchesKUsing rotating, stirring or rock gearshift mode, matrix is using plastics, bakelite or ceramic material Material is made.
The n double-pole double throw switchesKSubstituted using relay or contactor.
The diode using semiconductor is direct insertion, SMD or integrated form, or using other unilateal conduction materials and Technique makes.
The operation principle of this serial parallel converter is:
Before charging, by commutator(K)Rotate(Or stir)Connection A contacts, charging current by each knife A ends(A1、 A2、...、An), it is filled with each battery cell respectively with parallel way(E1、E2、...、En)It is interior.Commutator is rotated during power supply, Make each knife connection B contact(B1, B2 ..., Bn contacts), all batteries monomer is that to be connected be battery pack entirety in group, to carry For the high voltage needed for load.Each diode in converter(D)The current supply circuit of high current is not accessed, thus it is cheap And substantially prolongs the life-span;The charging input and power supply output of battery pack use same port(Such as same socket)And pole Property is constant, simplifies operating procedure during application.Because the supply voltage of battery is generally much higher than the charging of battery cell Voltage, even if having a lapse of memory rotating switch, any infringement is not resulted in yet:Cause battery pack to be connected if not changing to fill Electricity, then currently marketed low-voltage charger can all have " charge invalid "(Charge and terminate)Display lamp it is bright;If conversely, not turning Change and cause battery pack parallel operation, then because the reverse isolation of each diode is acted on, not have electric energy output.
In sum, the principle maturation of this project, manufacture and simple to operate, cheap and reliable, long lifespan, Only need to rotate or stir a commutator, you can realize the conversion of charged in parallel, series-fed.Thus battery pack string is solved Connection charge when each battery the problem that charging voltage is unbalanced, charge efficiency is poor, reduce battery pack to each battery cell With coherence request, and the charging interval is effectively shortened, can significantly extend it while battery power is increased makes Use the life-span.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
(1)Solve that electronic component power consumption is big, the key problem of short life
Filled with existing battery pack, all-electronin conversion equipment of powering compares, the semiconductor element in this converter only has two Pole pipe, and be only used among the significantly smaller charge circuit of electric current, therefore it is low in energy consumption, its life-span is able to several times increase.Series connection, Parallel connection conversion rotated using hand switch without power consumption, it is to avoid destruction of the electric spark to contact, therefore be substantially prolongs conversion and opened The life-span of pass.
(2)Parts are few, make simple
Corresponding to the battery pack that n battery cell is constituted, this converter only with a n double-pole double throw switch and n diode, The quantity of part is few.Diode directly can be welded on the pin of switch, so as to eliminate circuit board and simple and reliable, batch Amount is easily manufactured quick.
(3)It is easily installed, it is easy to operate
As described above, the profile and size of this converter finished product and a common rotation commutator(Or toggle switch) Difference less, only needs to fix this switch during installation.Because its size is small, external cabling is few, it is easy to load Among the box of battery pack, also it is easy to nestle up original charging socket installation.
(4)Cost performance is high, safe and reliable
The low in energy consumption of this converter, part are few, make simple, installation easily, therefore cost relative moderate.Two kinds for using , all after the extensive application of last 100 yearses, diode therein is only in charging process by less electric current, and hand for part Dynamic conversion avoids instantaneous large-current or high-voltage impact, therefore this converter is safe and reliable, long lifespan.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the serial parallel converter circuit diagram of 3 battery cells of the utility model embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the serial parallel converter circuit diagram of 4 battery cells of the utility model embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is that 4 serial parallel converters of battery cell of the utility model embodiment 3 use relay circuit figure.
In figure:E1、E2、...、EN single battery among n-battery pack;D1、D2、...、DN-each battery list The corresponding charging diode of body;K_1、K_2、...、K_N-same commutatorKOn n bar knives pole, its corresponding A1, A2 ..., An and B1, B2 ..., Bn contacts connect charging, current supply circuit respectively.J_1、J_2、...、J_N-same after Electrical equipmentJOn n bar knives pole, its corresponding normally-closed contact A1, A2 ..., An and normally opened contact B1, B2 ..., Bn connects respectively Power supply, charge circuit;L- torsion the sub switch coordinated with relay.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the utility model is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
3 battery cells(E1~E3)Battery pack is constituted, required serial parallel converter principle and circuit are as shown in Figure 1. Battery cell is the 12V12AHr lead-acid accumulators that electric bicycle is commonly used, then charging current < 2.4A, and 3 battery cells are constituted Battery voltage be 36V.D1~D3 select 3 IN5406 type commutation diodes of high quality and at a reasonable price;K- 1~K- 3 share 1 mushroom Mushroom head button switch(LAY37 types, 2 layers of building block system, 4 groups of linkage contacts, idle 1 group).By diode(D1~D3)According to Fig. 1 points The corresponding contact of each knife of button switch is not welded on(A is normally closed, B is normally opened)Pin on, with mushroom head button switch constitute one It is overall.So far, serial parallel converter completes.
DiodeD1~D3 positive pole respectively with battery cellE1~E3 negative pole is connected, then opens with mushroom head button respectively The Central Shanxi PlainK_ 1~K_ 3 normally opened contact B1~B3 connections;By diodeD1~D3 negative pole is in parallel, then with mushroom head button switch InK_ 3 normally-closed contact A3 connections.In mushroom head button switchK_ 1~K_ 2 normally-closed contact A1~A2 is in parallel, then with battery MonomerE1 positive pole is connected and drawn with wire, used as the positive pole port being connected with external equipment(+ In&Out).Battery list BodyE2~E3 positive pole respectively with mushroom head button switch in knife poleK_ 1~K_ 2 connections;Knife poleK_ 3 are drawn with wire, as The negative pole port being connected with external equipment(- In&Out).
Before electric bicycle dispatches from the factory, can be by the assembling of this serial parallel converter by charge port.With wire by each battery cell The pin welding of corresponding knife pole or correspondence contact that is switched with mushroom head respectively of positive and negative electrode, and by the charging port in Fig. 1 (+ In&Out and-In&Out)It is connected respectively on the pin of original charge port by positive and negative electrode.The remaining circuit of electric bicycle Without changing, but answer the charger of adapted 14V.Pressed when using or release button switch mushroom head, you can by battery pack Traveling is driven, or lead-acid accumulator is charged.
Embodiment 2
4 battery cells(E 1~E 4)Battery pack is constituted, required serial parallel converter principle and circuit are as shown in Figure 2.Electricity Pond monomer is the 3.6V4.4AHr lithium ion batteries of notebook computer, then in line current ≯ 5A, charging current ≯ 2A, 4 batteries The battery voltage that monomer is constituted is 14.4V.D1~D4 select 4 MBR5200 type Schottky diodes of high quality and at a reasonable price;K-1 ~K- 4 share 1 ceramics rotation commutator(KCZ types, 42 grades 2 layers of knives), 2 layers of pin of each knife are all together in parallel respectively As one group(For exampleK-1), reliability and the life-span of switch are strengthened with 2 weight redundancies.By diode(D1~D4)According to Fig. 2 points Each knife correspondence contact of switch is not welded on(A、B)Pin on, with ceramic rotary switch constitute an entirety.So far, connection in series-parallel Converter completes.
DiodeD1~D4 positive pole respectively with battery cellE1~E4 negative pole is connected, then respectively with 4 double-pole double throw switches InK_ 1~K_ 4 normally opened contact B1~B4 connections;By diodeD1~D4 negative pole is in parallel, then with 4 double-pole double throw switches inK_4 Normally-closed contact A4 connection.In commutatorK_ 1~K_ 3 normally-closed contact A1~A3 is in parallel, then with battery cellE1 just Pole connects and is drawn with wire, used as the positive pole port being connected with external equipment(+ In&Out).Battery cellE2~E4 Positive pole respectively with commutator in knife poleK_ 1~K_ 3 connections;Knife poleK_ 4 are drawn with wire, used as what is be connected with external equipment Negative pole port(- In&Out).
Before lithium battery group is dispatched from the factory, the assembling of this serial parallel converter can not be influenceed on the medial surface that uses in battery case.Press According to Fig. 2, the positive and negative electrode of each battery cell is welded with the corresponding pin of rotary switch respectively with wire, and by the charging in figure Port(+ In&Out and-In&Out)It is connected respectively on the original charging pins of battery case by positive and negative electrode.Lithium battery group its Remaining circuit answers adapted 4.2V without changing(Battery cell unprotected circuit)Or 5V(Battery cell has protection circuit)Fill Piezoelectric voltage.Rotation commutator is rotated when using, you can charged online, or by battery pack for notebook computer is provided The power supply of 14.4V.
Embodiment 3
4 battery cells(E 1~E 4)Battery pack is constituted, using serial parallel converter principle and circuit shown in Fig. 3, this reality Example is applied using 1 tetrad relayJWith 1 torsion sub switchLInstead of knife pole and contact in commutator, relative to first two Speech cost is slightly higher.Battery cell is the 12V12AHr lead-acid accumulators that electric bicycle is commonly used, then charging current < 2.4A, 4 The battery voltage that battery cell is constituted is 48V.D1~D4 select 4 IN5406 type commutation diodes of high quality and at a reasonable price,J- 1~J- 4 share 1 MY4N-J type tetrad relay,LSub switch is turned round from 1 MTS-102 type of high quality and at a reasonable price.By diode(D1 ~D4)The corresponding contact of each knife of relay is respectively welded at according to Fig. 3(A is normally closed, B is normally opened)Pin on, with relay constitute One entirety;By the magnet coil of relayJWith torsion sub switchLSeries connection, then two ends are wired to respectively charging by Fig. 3 Port(In&Out)Positive pole and negative pole.So far, serial parallel converter completes.
Diode D1~D4Positive pole respectively with battery cellE1~E4 negative pole is connected, then respectively with relay amongJ_ 1~J_ 4 normally-closed contact A1~A4 connections;By diodeD1~D4 negative pole is in parallel, then with relay amongJ_ 4 it is normally opened touch Point B4 is connected.Among relayJ_ 1~J_ 3 normally opened contact B1~B3 is in parallel, then with battery cellE1 positive pole connection is simultaneously And drawn with wire, as the positive pole port being connected with external equipment(+ In&Out).Battery cellE2~E4 positive pole difference With the knife pole among relayJ_ 1~J_ 3 connections;Knife poleJ_ 4 are drawn with wire, used as the negative pole port being connected with external equipment (- In&Out).
Before electric bicycle dispatches from the factory, can be by the assembling of this serial parallel converter by charge port.With wire by each battery cell Positive and negative electrode knife pole corresponding among relay or correspondence contact respectively pin welding, and by the charging port in Fig. 3 (+ In&Out and-In&Out)It is connected respectively on the pin of original charge port by positive and negative electrode.The remaining circuit of electric bicycle Without changing, but answer the charger of adapted 14V.Twist switch makes when usingLThe closing of contact or do not close, you can to plumbic acid Battery is charged, or is travelled by battery driven.
Specific embodiment of the present utility model is explained in detail above in association with accompanying drawing, but the utility model is not It is limited to above-mentioned implementation method, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, this practicality can also be not being departed from Various changes can be made on the premise of new objective.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of serial parallel converter, it is characterised in that:Corresponding to n battery cell in battery packE1、E2、...、EN, should Converter only needs 1 n double-pole double throw switchKWith n diodeD1、D2、...、DN, wherein n diodeD1、D2、...、Dn It is used only among charge circuit;
The diodeD1~DThe positive pole of n respectively with battery cellE1~EThe negative pole of n is connected, then respectively with n double-pole double throw switches InK_ 1~KThe normally opened contact of _ n(B1~Bn)Connection;By diodeD1~DThe negative pole of n is in parallel, then with n double-pole double throw switches inK_ The normally-closed contact of n(An)Connection;In commutatorK_ 1~KThe normally-closed contact of _ n-1(A1~An-1)Parallel connection, then with battery list BodyE1 positive pole is connected and drawn with wire, used as the positive pole port being connected with external equipment(+ In&Out), battery cellE2~EThe positive pole of n respectively with commutator in knife poleK_ 1~K_ n-1 is connected.Knife pole in commutatorK_ n is drawn with wire Go out, as the negative pole port being connected with external equipment(- In&Out).
2. serial parallel converter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The n double-pole double throw switchesKUsing rotation, dial Move or rock gearshift mode, matrix is made of plastics, bakelite or ceramic material.
3. serial parallel converter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The n double-pole double throw switchesKUsing relay or Contactor is substituted.
4. serial parallel converter according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that:The diode uses semiconductor straight cutting Formula, SMD or integrated form.
CN201621198829.8U 2016-11-07 2016-11-07 A kind of serial parallel converter Expired - Fee Related CN206250788U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106451645A (en) * 2016-11-07 2017-02-22 昆明理工大学 Series-parallel connection converter
CN113194571A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-07-30 肖海兵 Battery box and LED driving power supply

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106451645A (en) * 2016-11-07 2017-02-22 昆明理工大学 Series-parallel connection converter
CN113194571A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-07-30 肖海兵 Battery box and LED driving power supply

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Granted publication date: 20170613

Termination date: 20181107