CN206205913U - Colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket - Google Patents

Abstract

Colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket, is related to colliery water hydrostatic transmission field.Including left valve cylinder, right valve cylinder, check valve, feather valve, safety valve and connecting screw rod, wherein safety valve includes valve element, valve pocket, end cap, spring base, safety valve spring, look nut, valve pad II and damping.Valve pocket is arranged on inside right valve cylinder, is connected through a screw thread between valve pocket and connecting screw rod, and valve element is arranged on inside valve pocket, and spool face is provided with micro forming structure.Valve element and valve pocket coordinate the special-shaped valve pocket structure of composition, and special-shaped valve pocket includes restriction I, restriction II, restriction III, piston chamber, ante-chamber, lumen, drainage lumens and back cavity.Restriction I is guiding valve restriction, and by one section of circular arc and one section of rectilinear(-al) long, valve pocket wall is made up of valve element wall one section of short straight line and one section of oblique line at restriction II, and flow guiding structure is provided with restriction III at restriction II.The problems such as the utility model can improve cavitation erosion, lubrication and the abrasion of pressure three-purpose valve safety valve.

Description

Colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket

Technical field

The utility model belongs to colliery water hydrostatic transmission field, specifically a kind of to be based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve The colliery pressure three-purpose valve in chamber.

Background technology

Traditional hydraulic prop and its triple-use valve are working media using emulsion, and annual configuration emulsion need to disappear Nearly ten thousand tons of oil emulsion of consumption, and the emulsion of whole is all discharged into goaf, in finally flowing into rivers lake and body of groundwater, to water body Cause severe contamination.Additionally, emulsion is perishable, so that breed bacteria and mould, influence the working environment and body of coal miner Body health, configuring the equipment of emulsion also needs periodic cleaning inspection, and expends a large amount of chemical synthesis agent, and use cost is high, workman Labour intensity is big.Compared with emulsifiable solution medium, aqueous medium have safety and environmental protection, cheap, convenient storage, use cost low and Many advantages, such as strong adaptability.And underground coal mine water aboundresources, the low-lying place's ponding in part also needs special pump drainage to process, uses warp The underground waste water for the treatment of substitutes emulsion as working media, to mining area waste water reuse, reduces coal mine support cost, protects ore deposit Area's environment, advances mine energy conservation emission reduction, improvement the working environment of workers etc. significant, meets national energy-saving emission reduction sustainable The Strategic Demand of development.

But the viscosity of aqueous medium is low, poor lubricity, electric conductivity are strong, easily causes corrosion, wear of valve parts etc. and asks Topic.Additionally, the vapor pressure of water is higher than oils vapor pressure, easily forms parital vacuum and produce at the restriction of water hydraulic element A large amount of air pockets, air pocket is pressurized and crumbles and fall into higher-pressure region, local assault and TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE can be produced, so as to cause element function to drop It is low, produce vibration, noise and wire drawing erosion, erosion, impact etc., shortening element service life.It is reduced or eliminated above-mentioned existing As in addition to being accounted in the handling process from the selection of material and material, also answering emphasis from Technique for Water Hydraulic Components and system Structure design is set about, and proposes the innovation structure suitable for Technique for Water Hydraulic Components.

Triple-use valve is the core component of hydraulic prop, and hydraulic prop controls the liter of hydraulic prop by triple-use valve Supportted at the beginning of post, carry overflow and unloading prop drawing process.Triple-use valve is combined by check valve, three kinds of valves of safety valve and feather valve, its Middle check valve and feather valve are only opened in liquid filling pole-raising and unloading prop drawing respectively, and safety valve control pillar carries overflow Journey, it is opened frequent, check valve and feather valve is significantly larger than using with operating frequency.Therefore, safety valve is to determine in triple-use valve The core component of its performance, the structure design for triple-use valve answers emphasis to consider the structure innovation of safety valve.

Pressure three-purpose valve is the triple-use valve for using pure water to be working media.Because the physicochemical property of aqueous medium is determined, water In pressure triple-use valve there is more serious fretting wear in the valve element friction pair of safety valve, and valve port has more serious cavitation erosion and breaks Bad problem.Therefore, the fretting wear problem and cavitation erosion problem of safety valve must be effectively suppressed and improve.

Micro forming technology is the microscopic appearance that rule distribution is processed in surface of friction pair, to produce hydrodynamic lubrication effect. Current micro forming technology is in the existing successful Application in field such as mechanical seal, engine piston ring, thrust bearing, cutter be wear-resistant. The micro forming that valve element opens up rule distribution can improve fretting wear and the greasy property of valve element friction pair.The micro- hole of micro forming can also deposit Storage micro lubricating liquid, in unlubricated friction scrape along Starved Lubrication, produces the effect of secondary lubrication.Additionally, micro forming also has storage micro- The ability of small solid abrasive particles, so as to reduce the three-body-abrasion problem produced between valve element, valve pocket and micro- abrasive particle.

Special-shaped valve pocket is by valve element and the profile design of valve pocket into special-shaped curvilinear structures, by structural change valve pocket flow field The parameters such as flow velocity, streamline, pressure distribution, and then change position, strong and weak and scope that valve pocket air pocket is produced, so as to slow down or shift The cavitation erosion of the important valve port of valve pocket and band.

The problems such as in order to solve the lubrication of single hydraulic prop hydraulic pressure three-purpose valve, abrasion and impact, of the present utility model the The patent of the China Patent No. 201410131184.5 of the proposition such as one inventor and the second inventor discloses a kind of monomer hydraulic Pillar big flow pressure three-purpose valve.The valve element of the pressure three-purpose valve safety valve uses common slide valve structure, and is set in spool face Micro forming structure has been put, the lubrication and wear problem of safe valve core has been improved.But by further study show that, common valve element Only have one-level restriction with valve pocket, and the pressure of underground coal mine support equipment is generally more than 30MPa at present, by shock loading When, instantaneous pressure is higher, and from throttling formula of index, instantaneous pressure will cause serious cavitation erosion in valve port. Therefore, it is necessary to change valve element and housing configuration, to slow down valve port cavitation erosion.Further, since being limited by common valve core structure size System, the micro forming number being arranged on common valve element is less, and the dynamic pressure bearing capacity of micro forming is by the colony of micro forming What effect was produced, the hydrodynamic lubrication effect very little of single micro forming.Therefore, the dynamic pressure profit of the micro forming that common slide valve valve element is subject to Sliding and carrying action effect is limited.And after using special-shaped valve pocket structure, the diameter of valve element is increased, the area of valve element friction pair Increase, so as to more micro formings can be set so that the population effect that micro forming hydrodynamic lubrication is carried more is protruded, and is further changed It has been apt to the lubrication and wear problem of valve element.

The colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket that the utility model is related to, using special-shaped valve pocket Structure, is weakened and transfer cavitation erosion, by special-shaped valve pocket structure so as to improve the cavitation erosion of valve port；And eliminate the valve of safety valve Holder structure, suitably increases valve core structure size, increase valve element surface of friction pair micro forming can machining area, so as to enter one Step improves the lubrication and wear resistance of pressure three-purpose valve safety valve.

The content of the invention

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of coal based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket Ore deposit pressure three-purpose valve, while the cavitation erosion problem of pressure three-purpose valve safety valve is improved, further improves valve element micro forming Lubrication and load-carrying properties and valve port maximum stream flow.Technical problem to be solved in the utility model uses following technical side Case is realized.

Colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket, including left valve cylinder, right valve cylinder, check valve, unload Carry valve, safety valve and connecting screw rod.It is connected through a screw thread between left valve cylinder and right valve cylinder, check valve, feather valve and safety valve are successively Installed in left valve cylinder and the inside of right valve cylinder, connected by connecting screw rod between check valve and safety valve, feather valve is arranged on single To between valve and safety valve；The safety valve includes valve element, valve pocket, end cap, spring base, safety valve spring, look nut, valve pad II and damping, the valve pocket by cylindrical pair be arranged on right valve cylinder inside, be connected through a screw thread between valve pocket and connecting screw rod, valve element It is arranged on inside valve pocket by cylindrical pair, look nut passes through ball by being threadably mounted at valve pocket end, spring base with valve core chamber Pair connection, the two ends of safety valve spring are pressed on spring base and look nut respectively, and valve pad II is arranged on valve pocket, and with end Lid is in close contact, and damping is arranged on valve core inside.

Described valve element is made up of guiding valve section, I section of valve port, II section of valve port, guide section, damping section and push rod section.Wherein slide The outer surface of valve section, guide section and push rod section is equipped with micro forming；The maximum of guiding valve section, I section of valve port, II section of valve port and guide section External diameter is identical.The cavity wall of guiding valve section is provided with fluid hole, and valve core inside center is communicated with the spool bore of valve pocket and damping cavity.Guiding valve Section, I section of valve port, II section of valve port, guide section and push rod Duan Junyu valve sleeving inner walls constitute cylindrical pair, it is ensured that valve element has good Guidance quality, and stable movement.The runner of guiding valve section is opened in valve core inside, it is ensured that guiding valve section begins in valve element moving process There is guide effect eventually, guiding accuracy of the valve element inside valve pocket is further increased.Guiding valve section, I section of valve port, II section of valve port and Guide section is identical with the diameter of the cylindrical pair that valve pocket inner surface coordinates, and not only ensure that the assembling capacity of valve element, it is thus also avoided that because The cavity volume change of the ante-chamber, lumen and back cavity that valve element is moved and produced, and then prevent valve pocket from producing " pocketed oil " phenomenon.

Micro forming not only has the function of hydrodynamic lubrication, is also equipped with storing the function of micro- abrasive particle and micro lubricating liquid.Coal Bad environments under mine, the molecule such as coal grain and sandstone is seriously polluted to hydraulic medium, and molecule enters with hydraulic medium Valve element friction pair has further aggravated valve port abrasion.Therefore, it can enter by micro forming storage the molecule of valve port, so that Improve antipollution, the wear resistance of valve element friction pair；Micro forming can also store liquid medium simultaneously, in dry friction or poor glossy When sliding, the micro liquid medium of micro forming storage has the function of secondary feed flow lubrication, so as to mitigate the friction of valve element friction pair And wear-out failure.

Compared with traditional triple-use valve, the designed colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket is eliminated The valve seat construction of safety valve, on the premise of ensureing that there is good interchangeability with traditional triple-use valve, designed pressure three-purpose valve The diameter of the valve element of safety valve is bigger, and the micro forming of spool face can bigger, the settable micro forming number of machining area area More, the population effect of micro forming hydrodynamic lubrication and bearing capacity is more obvious.

Valve element and valve pocket coordinate and constitute special-shaped valve pocket structure, special-shaped valve pocket include restriction I, restriction II, restriction III, Piston chamber, ante-chamber, lumen, drainage lumens and back cavity.Restriction I is guiding valve restriction, and valve element wall is by one section of circle at restriction II Arc and one section of rectilinear(-al) long, valve pocket wall is made up of one section of short straight line and one section of oblique line at restriction II.Designed abnormity When valve pocket both can guarantee that valve pocket pressure was less than rated pressure more than first bulging power, valve port is in sealing state；And work as valve pocket pressure When power is more than rated pressure, valve port can be opened immediately again, by two-step throttle mouthful quick pressure releasing.Straight line long and short straight line coordinate and make Restriction closure is obtained, circular arc and oblique line coordinate so that restriction is opened.This external arc and oblique line respectively assist in optimization valve element wall Face and valve pocket near wall flow field, suppress valve element and valve pocket near wall fluid flow line is separated with wall, force fluid attached jet It is dynamic, so that letter is small and shifts restriction air pocket, further slow down cavitation erosion, protect important excessively stream valve port and its band. When the valve port angle of restriction II and the valve port angle of restriction III take 45 °, the air pocket area and intensity at restriction III are smaller.

Described restriction III is identical with the structure of restriction II, the closing capacity of restriction III and the closing capacity of restriction II It is equal, and the closing capacity of restriction III and restriction II is all higher than the closing capacity of restriction I.Due to the difference of closing capacity, cause Valve port is opened and is divided into two stages.When hydraulic prop chamber is first bulging power, valve element forefront pressure is relatively low, restriction I Fluid hole is covered by valve pocket, and now restriction II and restriction III are also at sealing state.Pressure with pillar chamber increases, and goes out liquid Hole is opened, and piston chamber connected by fluid hole with the ante-chamber of the upstream of restriction II, but now restriction II and restriction III be still In sealing state.When the load that pillar is subject to continues to increase, the pressure in pillar chamber exceedes pressure three-purpose valve therewith increasing Rated operating pressure, valve element is further moved, and promotes restriction II and restriction III to open simultaneously, ante-chamber and restriction II, in Chamber, restriction III, the runner between drainage lumens and back cavity are connected.The runner of whole abnormity valve pocket has three restrictions, increases Sealing property when valve is closed.When special-shaped valve pocket is turned on, the highly pressurised liquid in pillar chamber passes sequentially through restriction II and restriction III pressure is released, and under the two-step throttle effect of restriction II and restriction III, is arranged outside liquid.Pressure is by two restrictions Shared, the pressure that single restriction undertakes is reduced.Therefore, the cavitation erosion of valve port is weakened.

Flow guiding structure is provided with described restriction III, flow guiding structure is conduction hole or drainage trough.Flow guiding structure can be by height The liquid of nip introduces low pressure core area, influences local main flow beam, suppresses low pressure core area pressure and declines, so as to slow down local gas Erosion destruction, i.e., suppress valve port low-pressure area air pocket size and scope, so as to slow down cavitation erosion by pressure compensation.Due to restriction The back cavity in III downstream is connected with the pressure three-purpose valve external world, and the pressure of the lumen of the upstream of restriction III is higher, causes restriction III Place easily produces air pocket；And the pressure of the ante-chamber of the upstream of restriction II is high, the pressure of the lumen in the downstream of restriction II is also higher, causes Make to produce air pocket possibility small relative at restriction III at restriction II；And in restriction III and the complete phase of structure of restriction II In the case of, air pocket is first come across at restriction III, when situation further deteriorates, can just be produced at restriction II.Therefore, Flow guiding structure should be arranged at restriction III.

The radial dimension of described back cavity is equal with axial dimension, and back cavity is provided with liquid outlet flowing side.Radial dimension With axial dimension composition square structure equal in magnitude, valve pocket vortex convolution is helped, the air pocket shape of generation is regular, and air pocket face Product is smaller, and air pocket intensity is relatively low, so as to slow down cavitation erosion.What liquid outlet was arranged on back cavity flows side, contributes to guiding to flow Body flow direction and vortex recirculation, so as to mitigate the air pocket of valve port jet injection generation, and are arranged on and additionally aid flowing side Formed and be vortexed, vortex recirculation flows extruding, so as to weaken air pocket, further slows down cavitation erosion.

After using micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket structure, the radial dimension increase of valve element causes safety valve spring Axial dimension increase, the design and installation to safety valve spring bring difficulty.Further to solve the above problems, described bullet Spring abutment is made up of base, pull bar and external screw thread, and pull bar is arranged on base center, and external screw thread is arranged on pull bar end.Described tune Pressure nut is provided with internal thread, counterbore, smooth hole and chassis.Rotation look nut, drawing is screwed in by internal thread by look nut On the external screw thread of bar end, by the continuous precession of screw thread, slow compressing secure valve spring is interior after spring-compressed certain distance Screw thread and external screw thread disengaging are screwed, and screw thread is screwed with the screw thread entrance on valve sleeving inner wall on chassis, continues to rotate look nut, The further compressing secure valve spring of look nut, so that the precompression of regulation safety valve spring, that is, set up the volume of safety valve spring Level pressure force value.Because the rigidity of safety valve spring is larger, screwed with externally threaded by internal thread, safety valve spring is carried out just Step compression, facilitates the installation of safety valve spring, and substantially reduces the length of valve pocket, saves space so that hydraulic pressure three is used The structure of valve is compacter.Additionally, after the screw thread on screw thread and valve sleeving inner wall on chassis enters and screws, internal thread and external screw thread Depart from again and screw, spring base is no longer interfered with the motion of look nut, it is ensured that when safety valve works, its valve element can be promoted Spring base compressing secure valve spring.

Described safety valve is provided with damping cavity, and damping cavity is the space surrounded by valve element, valve pocket and end cap profile.From list The highly pressurised liquid in body hydraulic prop post chamber enters damping cavity by damping and spool bore, and acts on the end of the valve element of damping cavity Face, and offset the pressure that part valve element front end face highly pressurised liquid is produced.So that the axial compressive force that valve element is subject to reduces, make peace The pressure that full valve spring bears reduces, and rigidity necessary to safety valve spring and radial dimension reduce, so as to reduce safety The design difficulty of valve spring.Additionally, highly pressurised liquid additionally aids the stabilization of valve core movement by damping.

In order to strengthen the sealing property of pressure three-purpose valve, important sealing station is provided with potted component.Pressure three-purpose valve Sealed by sealing ring V between hydraulic prop, check valve forms sealing by one-way valve seat and steel ball, feather valve leads to Cross valve pad I and form sealing with the baffle ring II inside left valve cylinder.Sealed by sealing ring III between valve pocket and right valve cylinder, valve element guiding valve section Sealed by sealing ring IV between valve pocket, sealed by sealing ring II between valve element guide section and valve pocket, passed through between end cap and valve pocket Valve pad II is sealed, and is sealed by sealing ring I between valve element push rod section and end cap.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are to devise a kind of special-shaped valve pocket structure, improve valve pocket flow field, weaken and turn The air pocket of important valve port and band is moved, so as to protect important excessively stream valve port, the performance of valve element has been improve and is used Life-span.Because the valve core diameter that the special-shaped valve pocket for designing needs is larger, the valve seat construction of safety valve is eliminated, also cause special-shaped valve The area of passage of chamber restriction is also relatively large.From valve port pressure flow equation, under equal pressure and traffic conditions, section Head piece flow velocity is lower.Therefore, the maximum license flow velocity increase of valve port, the maximum instantaneous flow increase of pressure three-purpose valve, supporting system The supporting performance of system is further improved.Additionally, special-shaped valve pocket structure increases valve core diameter so that the seal section of safe valve core With the micro forming of guide section surface of friction pair can machining area increase, so as to further increase the profit of pressure three-purpose valve safety valve Sliding and wear resistance.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the present utility model；

Fig. 2 is safety valve structure schematic diagram of the present utility model；

Fig. 3 is safety valve of the present utility model abnormity valve pocket partial structural diagram；

Fig. 4 is safety valve of the present utility model abnormity valve pocket fluid domain partial structural diagram；

Fig. 5 is the valve core structure schematic diagram of safety valve when flow guiding structure is using conduction hole；

Fig. 6 is the valve core structure schematic diagram of safety valve when flow guiding structure is using drainage trough；

Fig. 7 is the motion pattern in flow field at the restriction III without high pressure flow guiding structure；

Fig. 8 is the air pocket cloud charts at restriction III under the different valve port angles without high pressure flow guiding structure；

Fig. 9 is the pressure distribution cloud atlas of the restriction III without high pressure flow guiding structure and restriction II；

Figure 10 is the air pocket cloud charts of the restriction III without high pressure flow guiding structure and restriction II；

Figure 11 is the three-dimensional air pocket distribution map without high pressure flow guiding structure at restriction III；

Figure 12 is the three-dimensional air pocket cloud charts for having high pressure flow guiding structure at restriction III；

Figure 13 is the air pocket point of the different radial dimensions without high pressure flow guiding structure and restriction III and back cavity under axial dimension Cloth cloud atlas；

Figure 14 is the air pocket cloud charts of restriction III and the back cavity in diverse location of the liquid outlet without high pressure flow guiding structure；

In figure：1. left valve cylinder；2. right valve cylinder；3. check valve；4. feather valve；5. safety valve；6. connecting screw rod；31. fluid injections Valve body；32. stop collars；33. one-way valve seats；34. steel balls；35. one-way valve springs；36. gland nuts；41. unloaded springs； 42. valve pads I；51. valve elements；52. valve pockets；53. end caps；54. spring bases；55. safety valve springs；56. look nuts；57. valve pads Ⅱ；58. dampings；511. guiding valves section；512. I section of valve ports；513. II section of valve ports；514. guide sections；515. damping sections；516. push rods Section；517. micro formings；541. bases；542. pull bars；543. external screw threads；561. internal threads；562. counterbores；563. smooth holes； 564. chassis；91. sealing rings I；92. sealing rings II；93. sealing rings III；94. sealing rings IV；95. sealing rings V；A. restriction Ⅰ；B. restriction II；C. restriction III；A. liquid injection hole；B. screw rod inlet hole I；C. screw rod portals I；D. valve pocket I；E. I is exported；F. spiral shell Bar inlet hole II；G. screw rod portals II；H. fluid hole；Q. piston chamber；I. ante-chamber；J. lumen；K. flow guiding structure；K. drainage lumens；L. Back cavity；M. exocoel；N. gap；P. baffle ring I；Q. liquid outlet；R. spool bore；S. damping cavity；T. baffle ring II；U. circular arc；V. it is long straight Line；W. short straight line；X. oblique line；Y. radial dimension；Z. axial dimension；The valve port angle of θ restrictions II；The valve port of β restrictions III is pressed from both sides Angle.

Specific embodiment

In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the utility model is realized are easy to understand, With reference to specific embodiment and diagram, the utility model is expanded on further.

As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket, including left valve cylinder 1, Right valve cylinder 2, check valve 3, feather valve 4, safety valve 5 and connecting screw rod 6.It is connected through a screw thread between left valve cylinder 1 and right valve cylinder 2, it is single The inside of left valve cylinder 1 and right valve cylinder 2 is sequentially arranged to valve 3, feather valve 4 and safety valve 5, is led between check valve 3 and safety valve 5 Cross connecting screw rod 6 to connect, feather valve 4 is arranged between check valve 3 and safety valve 5；The safety valve 5 includes valve element 51, valve pocket 52nd, end cap 53, spring base 54, safety valve spring 55, look nut 56, valve pad II 57 and damping 58, the valve pocket 52 is by circle Post is secondary to be arranged on inside right valve cylinder 2, is connected through a screw thread between valve pocket 52 and connecting screw rod 6, and valve element 51 is arranged on by cylindrical pair Inside valve pocket 52, look nut 56 is connected between spring base 54 and valve element 51 by being threadably mounted at the end of valve pocket 52 by the way that ball is secondary, The two ends of safety valve spring 55 are pressed on spring base 54 and look nut 56 respectively, and valve pad II 57 is arranged on valve pocket 52, and It is in close contact with end cap 53, damping 58 is arranged on inside valve element 51.

As shown in Figure 2, Figure 5 and Figure 6, described valve element 51 by guiding valve section 511, I section 512 of valve port, II section 513 of valve port, lead Constituted to section 514, damping section 515 and push rod section 516.The outer surface of wherein guiding valve section 511, guide section 514 and push rod section 516 is equal It is provided with micro forming 517；The maximum outside diameter of guiding valve section 511, I section 512 of valve port, II section 513 of valve port and guide section 514 is identical.Guiding valve The cavity wall of section 511 is provided with fluid hole h, and the inside center of valve element 51 is communicated with the spool bore r of valve pocket and damping cavity.Guiding valve section 511, I section 512 of valve port, II section 513 of valve port, guide section 514 and push rod section 516 constitutes cylindrical pair with valve sleeving inner wall, it is ensured that valve element 51 have good guidance quality, and stable movement.The runner of guiding valve section 511 is opened in inside valve element 51, it is ensured that guiding valve section 511 have guide effect all the time in the moving process of valve element 51, further increase guiding essence of the valve element 51 inside valve pocket 52 Degree.Guiding valve section 511, I section 512 of valve port, II section 513 of valve port and guide section 514 are straight with the cylindrical pair that the inner surface of valve pocket 52 coordinates Footpath is identical, not only ensure that the assembling capacity of valve element, it is thus also avoided that because of ante-chamber i, lumen j and back cavity that valve element 51 being moved and produced The cavity volume change of L, and then prevent valve pocket from producing " pocketed oil " phenomenon.Micro forming not only has the function of hydrodynamic lubrication, also has The function of the standby micro- abrasive particle of storage and micro lubricating liquid.Underground coal mine bad environments, the molecule such as coal grain and sandstone is to hydraulic pressure Medium pollution is serious, and molecule has further aggravated valve port abrasion with hydraulic medium into valve element friction pair.Therefore, it can borrow Micro forming is helped to store the molecule for entering valve port, so as to improve the antipollution of valve element friction pair, wear resistance；It is simultaneously micro- to make Type can also store liquid medium, and in dry friction or Starved Lubrication, the micro liquid medium of micro forming storage has secondary feed flow The function of lubrication, so as to mitigate the friction and wear destruction of valve element friction pair.

Compared with traditional triple-use valve, the designed colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket is eliminated The valve seat construction of safety valve 5, on the premise of ensureing that there is good interchangeability with traditional triple-use valve, designed pressure three-purpose valve The diameter of the valve element 51 of safety valve is bigger, and the micro forming on the surface of valve element 51 can bigger, the settable micro forming of machining area area Number is more, and the population effect of micro forming hydrodynamic lubrication and bearing capacity is more obvious.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, valve element 51 and valve pocket 52 coordinate the special-shaped valve pocket structure of composition, and special-shaped valve pocket includes restriction I A, the B of restriction II, the C of restriction III, piston chamber Q, ante-chamber i, lumen j, drainage lumens K and back cavity L.The A of restriction I throttles for guiding valve Mouthful, valve element wall is made up of one section of circular arc u and one section long straight line v at the B of restriction II, and valve pocket wall is by one section at the B of restriction II Short straight line w and one section of oblique line x composition.Designed special-shaped valve pocket both can guarantee that valve pocket pressure was less than specified more than first bulging power During pressure, valve port is in sealing state；And when valve pocket pressure is more than rated pressure, valve port can be opened immediately, by two grades again Restriction quick pressure releasing.Straight line v long and short straight line w coordinates so that restriction closure, circular arc u and oblique line x coordinates so that restriction Open.

Fig. 7 intuitively shows the influence of restriction Shapes body streamline, Fig. 8 from left to right, from top to bottom for equal Under the conditions of, the valve port angle theta of restriction II and the valve port angle β values of restriction III are equal, and take respectively 15 °, 22.5 °, 30 °, At 37.5 ° and 45 °, the air pocket cloud charts at the C of restriction III.Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is by computation fluid dynamics software emulation meter Obtain, design conditions are inlet pressure 10MPa, outlet pressure 0.1MPa, aqueous medium cavitation pressure 2340Pa.Numeral in Fig. 8 It is gas phase and the volume ratio of liquid phase.From Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, circular arc u and oblique line x respectively assists in optimization valve element wall and valve pocket Near wall flow field, suppresses valve element and valve pocket near wall fluid flow line is separated with wall, fluid jet attached flow is forced, so that simple Small and transfer restriction air pocket, further slows down cavitation erosion, protects important excessively stream valve port and its band.And restriction II When valve port angle theta and the valve port angle β of restriction III take 45 °, the air pocket area and intensity at the C of restriction III are smaller.

As shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, the described C of restriction III is identical with the structure of the B of restriction II, the closing capacity of the C of restriction III Closing capacity with the B of restriction II is equal, and the closing capacity of the C of restriction III and the B of restriction II is all higher than the closing capacity of the A of restriction I. Due to the difference of closing capacity, cause valve port to be opened and be divided into two stages.When hydraulic prop chamber is first bulging power, valve element 51 Forefront pressure is relatively low, and the fluid hole h of the A of restriction I is covered by valve pocket 52, and now the B of restriction II and the C of restriction III are also at sealing State.Pressure with pillar chamber increases, and fluid hole h is opened, and piston chamber Q is by the fluid hole h and ante-chamber i of the B upstreams of restriction II Connection, but now the B of restriction II and the C of restriction III are still within sealing state.When the load that pillar is subject to continues to increase, branch The pressure in post chamber exceedes pressure three-purpose valve rated operating pressure therewith increasing, and valve element is further moved, promote the B of restriction II and The C of restriction III is opened simultaneously, and the ante-chamber i and B of restriction II, lumen j, the C of restriction III, the runner between drainage lumens K and back cavity L are connected It is logical.The runner of whole abnormity valve pocket has three restrictions, increased sealing property when valve is closed.When special-shaped valve pocket is turned on, The highly pressurised liquid in pillar chamber passes sequentially through the B of restriction II and the C pressure of restriction III is released, in the B of restriction II and restriction Under the two-step throttle effect of III C, arranged outside liquid.Pressure is obtained by two restriction shareds, the pressure that single restriction undertakes To reduction.Therefore, the cavitation erosion of valve port is weakened.

As shown in Figure 3, Figure 5 and Figure 6, flow guiding structure k is provided with the described C of restriction III.Described flow guiding structure k is to draw Discharge orifice or drainage trough.The liquid of higher-pressure region can be introduced low pressure core area by flow guiding structure k, influence local main flow beam, suppress low pressure Core space pressure declines, and so as to slow down local cavitation erosion, i.e., suppresses valve port low-pressure area air pocket size and model by pressure compensation Enclose, so as to slow down cavitation erosion.Because the back cavity L in the C downstreams of restriction III is connected with the pressure three-purpose valve external world, and the C of restriction III The pressure of the lumen j of upstream is higher, causes easily to produce air pocket at the C of restriction III；And the pressure of the ante-chamber i of the B upstreams of restriction II Power is high, and the pressure of the lumen j in the B downstreams of restriction II is also higher, causes and produced at the B of restriction II air pocket possibility relative to throttling It is small at III C of mouth；And in the case where the C of restriction III is identical with the B structure of restriction II, air pocket first comes across the C of restriction III Place, when situation further deteriorates, can just produce at the B of restriction II.Therefore, flow guiding structure k should be arranged at the C of restriction III.

Fig. 9 and Figure 10 respectively illustrate the pressure and air pocket cloud charts of the C of the restriction III and B of restriction II, and cloud atlas is by counting Fluid operator mechanics CFD software simulation calculation is obtained, and numeral is pressure value in Fig. 9, and unit is Pa.Numeral is gas phase and liquid in Figure 10 The volume ratio of phase.Design conditions are inlet pressure 10MPa, outlet pressure 0.1MPa, aqueous medium cavitation pressure 2340Pa.By Fig. 9 With Figure 10 understand, although the pressure at the B of restriction II is higher than at the C of restriction III, air pocket still appear at the C of restriction III and its At the back cavity L in downstream.Further illustrate, flow guiding structure k should be arranged at the C of restriction III, without being provided in the B of restriction II Place.

Figure 11 is the three-dimensional air pocket distribution map without high pressure flow guiding structure at the C of restriction III, and Figure 12 is have height at the C of restriction III Press the three-dimensional air pocket cloud charts of flow guiding structure.Cloud atlas is obtained by computation fluid dynamics Software simulation calculation, and design conditions are Inlet pressure 10MPa, outlet pressure 0.1MPa, aqueous medium cavitation pressure 2340Pa.When as shown in Figure 11, without high pressure flow guiding structure There is the air pocket of larger area in the C of restriction III, and without air pocket at the B of restriction II.When as shown in Figure 12, using high pressure flow guiding structure Produced without air pocket at the C of the restriction III and B of restriction II, and the air pocket of the backseat such as back cavity L and its periphery is also obtained substantially Improve.

As shown in figure 4, the radial dimension y of described back cavity L is equal with axial dimension z, back cavity L's is provided with out flowing side Liquid mouthful q.Radial dimension y and axial dimension z composition square structures equal in magnitude, help valve pocket vortex convolution, the air pocket of generation Shape is regular, and air pocket area is smaller, and air pocket intensity is relatively low, so as to slow down cavitation erosion.Liquid outlet q is arranged on coming for back cavity L Stream side, helps to guide fluid flow direction and vortex recirculation, so as to mitigate the air pocket of valve port jet injection generation, and sets Additionally aiding to form vortex flowing side, vortex recirculation flows extruding, so as to weaken air pocket, further slowing down cavitation erosion broken It is bad.

Figure 13 for back cavity L radial dimension y be respectively greater than, equal to and less than axial dimension z when the C of restriction III and its under The air pocket cloud charts of trip back cavity L.Figure 14 be liquid outlet q be separately positioned on back cavity L come flow side, centre position and away from come The C of restriction III and air pocket cloud charts of back cavity L downstream during stream side.Numeral is gas phase and liquid phase in Figure 13 and Figure 14 Volume ratio, design conditions are also inlet pressure 10MPa, outlet pressure 0.1MPa, aqueous medium cavitation pressure 2340Pa.Figure 13 The radial dimension y for further illustrating back cavity L with Figure 14 should be equal with axial dimension z, and liquid outlet q should be arranged on coming for back cavity L Stream side.

After using micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket structure, the radial dimension increase of valve element 51 causes safety valve bullet The axial dimension increase of spring 55, the design and installation to safety valve spring 55 bring difficulty.As shown in Fig. 2 being further solution Above mentioned problem, described spring base 54 is made up of base 541, pull bar 542 and external screw thread 543, and pull bar 542 is arranged on base 541 Center, external screw thread 543 is arranged on the end of pull bar 542.Described look nut 56 is provided with internal thread 561, counterbore 562, smooth Hole 563 and chassis 564.Rotation look nut 56, the end external screw thread of pull bar 542 is screwed in by internal thread 561 by look nut 56 On 543, by the continuous precession of screw thread, slow compressing secure valve spring 55, after spring-compressed certain distance, internal thread 561 Depart from external screw thread 543 and screw, and screw thread is screwed with the screw thread entrance on the inwall of valve pocket 52 on chassis 564, continues to rotate pressure regulation Nut 56, the further compressing secure valve spring 55 of look nut 56, so that the precompression of regulation safety valve spring 55, that is, set up peace The rated pressure value of full valve spring 55.Because the rigidity of safety valve spring 55 is larger, by internal thread 561 and external screw thread 543 Screw, primary compression is carried out to safety valve spring 55, facilitate the installation of safety valve spring 55, and substantially reduce valve pocket 52 Length, saves space so that the structure of pressure three-purpose valve is compacter.Additionally, when screw thread on chassis 564 and the inwall of valve pocket 52 On screw thread enter and screw after, internal thread 561 and external screw thread 543 depart from and screw again, the motion of spring base 54 and look nut 56 No longer interfere, it is ensured that when safety valve 5 works, its valve element 51 can push the spring 54 compressing secure valve springs 55 of seat.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described safety valve 5 is provided with damping cavity s, and damping cavity s is by valve element 51, valve pocket 52 and end The space that the profile of lid 53 is surrounded.Highly pressurised liquid from hydraulic prop post chamber enters damping by damping 58 and spool bore r Chamber s, and the end face of the valve element 51 of damping cavity s is acted on, and offset the pressure that part valve element front end face highly pressurised liquid is produced.So as to So that the axial compressive force that valve element 51 is subject to reduces, the pressure for bearing safety valve spring 55 reduces, and safety valve spring 55 is musted The rigidity and radial dimension for needing reduce, so as to reduce the design difficulty of safety valve spring 55.Additionally, highly pressurised liquid is by damping 58, additionally aid the stabilization of the motion of valve element 51.

In order to strengthen the sealing property of pressure three-purpose valve, important sealing station is provided with potted component.Pressure three-purpose valve Sealed by sealing ring V 95 between hydraulic prop, check valve 3 forms sealing by one-way valve seat 33 with steel ball 34, unloads Carry valve 4 and sealing is formed with the t of baffle ring II inside left valve cylinder 1 by valve pad I 42.Pass through sealing ring III between valve pocket 52 and right valve cylinder 2 93 sealings, are sealed between valve element guiding valve section 511 and valve pocket 52 by sealing ring IV 94, are passed through between valve element guide section 514 and valve pocket 52 Sealing ring II 92 is sealed, and is sealed by valve pad II 57 between end cap 53 and valve pocket 52, by close between valve element push rod section 516 and end cap 53 Seal I 91 is sealed.

Pressure three-purpose valve is the core component of hydraulic prop, and hydraulic prop controls hydraulic pressure by pressure three-purpose valve The setting prop of pillar, just support, carrying overflow and unloading prop drawing process, its course of work are as follows：

Setting prop, just support the stage：First the fluid injection gun of hydraulic prop is inserted on the fluid injection valve body 31 of pressure three-purpose valve, hung Good lock sleeve, the dynamic fluid injection gun spanner of plate, forces push rod to move axially, and jack-up steel ball 34 opens check valve 3, the high pressure from pumping plant Liquid will pass through liquid injection hole a into check valve 3, and portal I c by the b of screw rod inlet hole I connecting screw rod 6 inside, screw rod, inject The pressure three-purpose valve inside d of valve pocket I, and entered inside hydraulic prop by the e through holes of outlet I on the side wall of left valve cylinder 1, make liquid Pressure pillar rises rapidly.After hydraulic prop contacts back timber, top board produces certain resistance to hydraulic prop, in hydraulic prop stopping Rise, pressure steeply rises in hydraulic prop, final hydraulic prop cavity pressure is equal to pump station pressure, and obtains certain Setting load.Then fluid injection gun is removed, check valve 3 is closed, completes setting prop, just supports process.The A of restriction I, restriction during this II B and the C of restriction III are in closure state.

Carry the overflow stage：Top board can apply shock loading or cyclic loading to hydraulic prop in Bracing Process, When working resistance of the load value less than hydraulic prop, operation medium is more than peace in the hydraulic coupling on valve element 51 in chamber The pretightning force of full valve spring 55, will force the outer shifting of valve element 51, and compressing secure valve spring 55, and damping cavity s is compressed therewith.Resistance Liquid medium in the s of Buddhist nun chamber, piston chamber Q is entered by spool bore r, damping 58.Now, with the increase of load, the A of restriction I Gradually open, and the B of restriction II and the C of restriction III are still within closure state.When work of the load value more than hydraulic prop When making resistance, valve element continues outer shifting, and the B of restriction II and the C of restriction III are gradually opened.Now, from hydraulic prop post The highly pressurised liquid in chamber, is portalled II g, piston chamber Q, fluid hole h, the A of restriction I, ante-chamber by exporting I e, the f of screw rod inlet hole II, screw rod I, the B of restriction II, lumen j, the C of restriction III, drainage lumens K, back cavity L, liquid outlet q, exocoel m and gap n discharge pressure three-purpose valve In vitro, pillar snapback, the reduction of post cavity pressure.The bullet of safety valve spring 55 will be less than when the hydraulic coupling on valve element 51 is acted on During power, valve element 51 is moved back, and restriction is closed.So as to ensure that cavity pressure fluctuates near safety valve rated operating pressure all the time, Realize that constant-resistance is supported.

The unloading prop drawing stage：The single hydraulic prop back time receiving, by unloading hand in the unloading port for inserting right valve cylinder 2, plate Dynamic unloading hand handle, produces one along the axial power of pressure three-purpose valve, acts on the end of valve pocket 52, and unloaded spring is compressed by valve pocket 52 Between 41, the t of inside baffle ring II of the outer shifting of connecting screw rod 6, valve pad I 42 and the left valve cylinder 1 that are now connected through a screw thread with valve pocket 52 Band is opened, and feather valve 4 is opened, and working media sprays into goaf, monomer liquid by left valve cylinder 1 in hydraulic prop chamber Pressure pillar snapback under deadweight and action of reset spring, after hydraulic prop is fully retracted, closes feather valve 4, completes to unload Carry prop drawing process.

General principle of the present utility model, principal character and advantage has been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry It should be appreciated that the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments, the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally The general principle of utility model, on the premise of the utility model spirit and scope are not departed from, the utility model also has various Changes and improvements, these changes and improvements are both fallen within the range of claimed the utility model.The utility model is claimed Scope is by appending claims and its equivalent thereof.

Claims (6)

1. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve of micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket, including left valve cylinder (1), right valve cylinder (2), check valve are based on (3), feather valve (4), safety valve (5) and connecting screw rod (6), are connected through a screw thread, unidirectionally between left valve cylinder (1) and right valve cylinder (2) Valve (3), feather valve (4) and safety valve (5) are sequentially arranged at the inside of left valve cylinder (1) and right valve cylinder (2), check valve (3) and peace Connected by connecting screw rod (6) between full valve (5), feather valve (4) is between check valve (3) and safety valve (5)；The peace Full valve (5) including valve element (51), valve pocket (52), end cap (53), spring base (54), safety valve spring (55), look nut (56), Valve pad II (57) and damping (58), it is internal that the valve pocket (52) is arranged on right valve cylinder (2) by cylindrical pair, valve pocket (52) be connected Screw rod is connected through a screw thread between (6), and valve element (51) is arranged on valve pocket (52) inside by cylindrical pair, and look nut (56) is by spiral shell Line is arranged on valve pocket (52) end, is connected by ball pair between spring base (54) and valve element (51), the two ends of safety valve spring (55) Be pressed on respectively on spring base (54) and look nut (56), valve pad II (57) on valve pocket (52), and with end cap (53) It is in close contact, damping (58) is internal installed in valve element (51), it is characterised in that：

Described valve element (51) is by guiding valve section (511), I section of valve port (512), II section of valve port (513), guide section (514), damping section (515) and push rod section (516) composition, wherein guiding valve section (511), guide section (514) and push rod section (516) outer surface be equipped with Micro forming (517)；Guiding valve section (511), I section of valve port (512), valve port II section (513) and guide section (514) and valve pocket (52) interior table The diameter of the cylindrical pair that face coordinates is identical；

Valve element (51) and valve pocket (52) coordinate the special-shaped valve pocket structure of composition, and special-shaped valve pocket includes restriction I (A), restriction II (B), restriction III (C), piston chamber (Q), ante-chamber (i), lumen (j), drainage lumens (K) and back cavity (L), restriction I (A) are guiding valve Restriction, restriction II (B) place's valve element wall is made up of one section of circular arc (u) and one section of straight line (v) long, restriction II (B) place valve Set wall is made up of one section of short straight line (w) and one section of oblique line (x)；

Described restriction III (C) is identical with the structure of restriction II (B), closing capacity and the restriction II (B) of restriction III (C) Closing capacity it is equal, the closing capacity of restriction III (C) and restriction II (B) is all higher than the closing capacity of restriction I (A), and throttling III (C) place of mouth is additionally provided with flow guiding structure (k).

2. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Described flow guiding structure (k) is conduction hole or drainage trough.

3. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： The radical length (y) of described back cavity (L) and axial length (z) equal length, back cavity (L) are provided with liquid outlet flowing side (q)。

4. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Described spring base (54) is made up of base (541), pull bar (542) and external screw thread (543), and pull bar (542) is arranged on base (541) center, external screw thread (543) is arranged on pull bar (542) end.

5. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Described look nut (56) is provided with internal thread (561), counterbore (562), smooth hole (563) and chassis (564).

6. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Described safety valve (5) is provided with damping cavity (s), and damping cavity (s) is to be surrounded by valve element (51), valve pocket (52) and end cap (53) profile Space.