CN206135816U - Solar photovoltaic detecting system that generates electricity based on hall voltage sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a solar photovoltaic detecting system that generates electricity based on hall voltage sensor, includes real -time supervision photovoltaic module running state's data handling machine, it includes voltage stabilizing circuit unit, voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, data processing circuit unit, dial switch unit and CAN photovoltaic module 0 transmission photovoltaic module 1 its characterized in that, its superiority: hall voltage measurement accuracy is high, measuring range is big, response speed is fast, the methods of measurement linearity is good, not influenced by external environmental factor, and can carry out real -time supervision to solar cell panel.

Description

A kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor

(1) technical field：

This utility model is used for the real-time detection field of solar photovoltaic electrification component, for the voltage of photovoltaic generating system Carry out monitor in real time and upload data, the very first time understands the running status of photovoltaic module；It is especially a kind of to be based on Hall voltage The solar energy power generating detecting system of sensor；Hall element is related generally to the real-time of photovoltaic generating system output voltage Detection and CAN data transmission technology.

(2) background technology：

With the sustainable development that modern industrialization is built, solar energy, can used as a kind of regenerative resource of cleanliness without any pollution To be utilised continuously, under the promotion of national new forms of energy policy, Chinese photovoltaic product yield and production capacity are continuously increased.With This also becomes matter of utmost importance simultaneously for the detection of photovoltaic electrification component with safeguarding.

At present, photovoltaic generating system adopts DC source mostly, and practical experience shows, all photovoltaic modulies parameter it In, the output voltage of photovoltaic module best embodies the present situation of photovoltaic module.Photovoltaic group can be judged according to output end voltage The power generation situation of part, whether current voltage is beyond the limiting voltage for allowing.Homogeneity quality of photovoltaic module etc. can also be judged. Therefore, the measurement to the output end voltage of photovoltaic module is particularly significant.

The monitoring of solar panel working condition it is critical only that the collection of solar panel output voltage signal.Due to The quantity of series-connected solar cells plate is more, and whole group voltage is very high, and has current potential to contact between each solar panel, Therefore direct measurement is relatively difficult.During research solar panel monitoring system, there has been proposed many measurement series connection The method of single cell panel terminal voltage of cell plate group.

Existing e measurement technology mainly includes that voltage, V/F conversions are extracted in common mode measurement method, differential mode measurement method, relay switching Oncontacting point sampling extracts voltage, floating ground commercial measurement battery terminal voltage.

Compared with existing photovoltaic module voltage monitoring system, the utility model has the advantages that selecting Hall voltage sensor Measurement voltage, Hall voltage certainty of measurement is high compared with common mode measurement method, and precision is better than 1% in operating temperature area, the precision Be suitable for the measurement of any waveform, can be effectively improved common mode measurement method precision it is not high the drawbacks of；Compared with differential mode measurement method, Hall Voltage measurement scope is big, and voltage measurement, largely better than differential mode measurement method, solves the survey of differential mode measurement method up to 6400V The little problem of amount scope；By contrast, relay switching extract voltage method make precision become low, and the capacitor charge and discharge time and The shortcomings of device activity delay sampling time such as transistor and isolated core is long is also clearly；Using V/F conversions as A/D conversions The shortcoming of device is that response speed is slow, and the poor linearity in small signal region, precision is low, and the Hall voltage measuring method linearity It is good, better than 0.1%；Floating ground commercial measurement battery terminal voltage, ground potential Jing is often changed by scene interference, affects whole system The certainty of measurement of system, by comparison Hall voltage measurement method voltage is measured based on Hall effect, not by external environment because Element affects, it is ensured that certainty of measurement will not change.

Additionally, existing voltage detection scheme is single voltage measurement, it is impossible to accomplish the Real-Time Sharing of data, using numerous It is trivial, be not suitable for photovoltaic generating system field operation.Another advantage of the present utility model exists compared with existing voltage detecting system Can upload in real time in data, this utility model adopts CAN data transfer mode, can in real time be uploaded to data upper Machine, this is that other single voltage monitoring systems are incomparable.

In view of the particularity of photovoltaic generating system, with reference to the pluses and minuses of existing measuring method, this utility model is using suddenly Your voltage sensor measures series-connected cell plate group voltage, and Hall element is a kind of magnetic field sensing made according to Hall effect Device.

(3) utility model content：

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor System, it can overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, be a kind of simple structure, easy to operate, and can be with monitor in real time photovoltaic module work The system for making state.

The technical solution of the utility model：A kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor, Including the data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status, it is characterised in that it includes mu balanced circuit unit, electricity Pressure signal acquisition circuit unit, data processing circuit unit, toggle switch unit and CAN data transmission circuit unit；Its Described in the input of voltage signal acquisition circuit unit gather the voltage signal of solar panel, at its outfan and data The input connection of reason circuit unit；The input connection data processing circuit list of the CAN data transmission circuit unit The outfan of unit, its outfan is connected by CAN with the data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status； The mu balanced circuit unit is voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, data processing circuit unit and CAN data transmission circuit Unit provides stabilized power source；The toggle switch unit is connected with the input of data processing circuit unit.

The voltage signal acquisition circuit unit includes N number of voltage signal acquisition circuit；N is the positive integer more than or equal to 1； The value of N is corresponding with the quantity of cell panel in the photovoltaic array of the connection for needing detection；The photovoltaic battle array Row are X*Y dimension arrays, wherein, X is the solar panel number being serially connected；One is made up of X solar panel Road；Y is the number of branch road parallel with one another；Number N=Y of the voltage signal acquisition circuit unit；Described each voltage letter The number of voltage signal acquisition circuit is X+1 in number Acquisition Circuit unit；Required voltage signals collecting in the photovoltaic array Number N=X*Y+Y of circuit.

The voltage signal acquisition circuit is made up of Hall element H, resistance R, electric capacity C and binding post J；Wherein institute Stating Hall element H has 1 pin, 3 pins, 4 pins, 5 pins, 6 pins and 8 pins；Two terminals of the binding post J point Not Lian Jie and Hall element H have between 1 pin and 8 pins of Hall element H；One end of the resistance R and hall sensing The 6 pins connection of device H, its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；Institute State the other end ground connection of electric capacity C；The 3 pins connection 15V power supplys of the Hall element H；4 pins of the Hall element H It is empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H.

The photovoltaic array is that 6*4 ties up array, 4 branch roads；The number of the voltage signal acquisition circuit unit For 4；Described each voltage signal acquisition circuit unit is made up of the voltage signal acquisition circuit of 7, and voltage is designated as respectively Signal acquisition circuit I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V, voltage Signal acquisition circuit V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI and voltage signal acquisition circuit VII；Wherein, the voltage signal acquisition electricity Road I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V, voltage signal acquisition electricity Road V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI gather respectively the voltage signal of 6 pieces of solar photovoltaic cell panels；The voltage signal acquisition Circuit VII then gathers the total voltage signal of whole piece branch road.

The voltage signal acquisition circuit I is by Hall element H1, binding post J5, resistance R101, electric capacity C101 structures Into；Two terminals of the binding post J5 connect respectively 8 pins for having 1 pin and Hall element H1 with Hall element H1 Between；One end of the resistance R101 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H1, and its other end connects with one end of electric capacity C101 Connect, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C101；The Hall element H1 3 pins connection 15V power supplys；4 pins of the Hall element H1 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H1；

Voltage signal acquisition circuit I I is by Hall element H2, binding post J6, resistance R102, electric capacity C102 structures Into；Two terminals of the binding post J6 connect respectively 8 pins for having 1 pin and Hall element H2 with Hall element H2 Between；One end of the resistance R102 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H2, and its other end connects with one end of electric capacity C102 Connect, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C102；The Hall element H2 3 pins connection 15V power supplys；4 pins of the Hall element H2 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H2；

Voltage signal acquisition circuit I II is by Hall element H3, binding post J7, resistance R103, electric capacity C103 Constitute；Two terminals of the binding post J7 connect respectively 8 pipes for having 1 pin and Hall element H3 with Hall element H3 Between foot；One end of the resistance R103 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H3, and its other end connects with one end of electric capacity C103 Connect, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C103；The Hall element H3 3 pins connection 15V power supplys；4 pins of the Hall element H3 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H3；

Voltage signal acquisition circuit I V is by Hall element H4, binding post J8, resistance R104, electric capacity C104 structures Into；Two terminals of the binding post J8 connect respectively 8 pins for having 1 pin and Hall element H4 with Hall element H4 Between；One end of the resistance R104 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H4, and its other end connects with one end of electric capacity C104 Connect, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C104；The Hall element H4 3 pins connection 15V power supplys；4 pins of the Hall element H4 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H4；

The voltage signal acquisition circuit V is by Hall element H5, binding post J9, resistance R105, electric capacity C105 structures Into；Two terminals of the binding post J9 connect respectively 8 pins for having 1 pin and Hall element H5 with Hall element H5 Between；One end of the resistance R105 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H5, and its other end connects with one end of electric capacity C105 Connect, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C105；The Hall element H5 3 pins connection 15V power supplys；4 pins of the Hall element H5 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H5；

The voltage signal acquisition circuit VI is by Hall element H6, binding post J10, resistance R106, electric capacity C106 Constitute；Two terminals of the binding post J10 connect respectively have 1 pin and Hall element H6 with Hall element H6 8 Between pin；One end of the resistance R106 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H6, one end of its other end and electric capacity C106 Connection, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C106；The Hall element The 3 pins connection 15V power supplys of H6；4 pins of the Hall element H6 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H6.

The Hall element H1, Hall element H2, Hall element H3, Hall element H4, Hall element H5, Hall element H6 is the Hall voltage sensor of model NHS01.

The voltage signal acquisition circuit VII is by Hall element H7, binding post J11, resistance R107, electric capacity C107 Constitute；The Hall element H7 has 1 pin, 5 pins, 6 pins, 7 pins, 9 pins and 10 pins；The binding post J11 Two terminals connect respectively and Hall element H7 has between 1 pin and 5 pins of Hall element H7；The resistance R107 One end be connected with 9 pins of Hall element H7, its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C107, and simultaneous connection is according to process The input of circuit unit；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C107；The 10 pins connection 15V of the Hall element H7 is electric Source；6 pins of the Hall element H7 are empty；The 7 pins ground connection of the Hall element H7.

The Hall element H7 is the Hall voltage sensor of model IHV001.

The data processing circuit unit is by single-chip microcomputer U1, resistance R28, resistance R1, resistance R5, electric capacity C10, electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2, electric capacity C3, crystal oscillator Y1, LED L2, binding post J1 are constituted；Wherein, one end of the electric capacity C10 and single-chip microcomputer U1 connects, its other end ground connection；The electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 one end are grounded simultaneously, and the other end is then respectively with the two of crystal oscillator Y1 End is connected；The two ends of the crystal oscillator Y1 are also connected with single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively；One end of the resistance R28 is connected with single-chip microcomputer U1, Its other end connection binding post J1；One end connection binding post J1 of the electric capacity C3；Its other end ground connection；The resistance R1 One end connection binding post J1；Its another termination power VCC；The binding post J1 is also connected with power supply VCC；The resistance One end of R5 is connected with single-chip microcomputer U1, and its other end is connected with one end of LED L2；The other end ground connection of LED L2；Institute State binding post J1 to be connected with the USB port of the data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status according to line program.

The single-chip microcomputer U1 is PIC18F25K80 singlechip chips, totally 28 pins, from MCLR/RE3 pins counterclockwise Serial number, is denoted as successively No. 1 pin～No. 28 pin；The binding post J1 is mcu programming interface and for debugging journey The binding post of sequence, there is 6 pins, and label is denoted as No. 1 interface～No. 6 interface；No. 2 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U1, No. 3 draw Foot, No. 4 pins, No. 5 pins, No. 7 pins, No. 21 pins and No. 22 pins connect respectively resistance in voltage signal acquisition circuit I Resistance R103, voltage signal acquisition in resistance R102, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II in R101, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I Resistance R106, electricity in resistance R105, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI in resistance R104, voltage signal acquisition circuit V in circuit I V Resistance R107 in pressure signal acquisition circuit VII；No. 6 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U1 are connected with one end of electric capacity C10；The monolithic No. 8 pins ground connection of machine U1；No. 9 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and No. 10 pin connections are connected respectively with the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1； No. 1 pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is connected with one end of resistance R28；No. 1 interface of the binding post J1 is another with resistance R28 One end connects；No. 1 interface of the binding post J1 is connected with one end of electric capacity C3；No. 1 interface of the binding post J1 with One end connection of resistance R1；No. 2 interfaces connection power supply VCC of the binding post J1；Its No. 3 interfacing grounds, No. 4 interface orders 28 pins of piece machine U1, No. 5 interfaces connect No. 27 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1；No. 26 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and the one of resistance R5 End connection；No. 19 pins ground connection of the single-chip microcomputer U1；The single-chip microcomputer U1 have the pin of input and output pin, i.e., No. 2～No. 5,7 Number pin, No. 21～No. 28 pins, No. 11～No. 18 pins, wherein No. 11～No. 18 pins respectively with the handss of toggle switch unit Dynamic selecting switch connection.

The crystal oscillator Y1 crystal oscillators select 16MHz, constitute single-chip minimum system.

Shown mu balanced circuit unit be by electric capacity C4, electric capacity C5, electric capacity CV2, electric capacity CV3, diode D1, diode D2, Binding post J2, binding post J4, power supply chip MC7805 and power supply chip MC7815 are constituted；The electric capacity C4 positive terminals connection Power supply VCC, negative pole end ground connection；The electric capacity C5 positive terminals connect+15V power supplys, negative pole end ground connection；The electric capacity CV2 positive terminals Connection+24V DC sources, negative pole end ground connection；The electric capacity CV3 positive terminals connection connection+24V DC sources, negative pole end ground connection； The negative pole of the diode D1 is connected with the voltage input Vin terminals of power supply chip MC7805, its positive terminal and Interface Terminal J2 connects；The negative pole of the diode D2 is connected with the voltage input Vin terminals of power supply chip MC7815, its positive terminal with connect The J2 connections of mouth terminal；The terminal of the binding post J2 is also connected with ground, single-chip microcomputer U1；The terminal of the binding post J2 also has Two terminals being empty；The terminal of the binding post J4 is connected respectively with the non-terminal that is empty of binding post J2；The power supply Chip MC7805 voltage outputs Vout exports+5V voltages, its GND mouths ground connection；The voltage output of the power supply chip MC7815 Mouth Vout output+15V voltages, its GND mouths ground connection.

The toggle switch unit is 8 manual selection switch, is made up of 8 independent switches, and each is manually selected out Pass is connected respectively with 8 I/O pins of single-chip microcomputer U1, that is, connect No. 11～No. 18 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1.

The data transmission circuit unit includes communication receiving/transmission chip U6, divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3, common mode filtering Inductance L3, CAN filter amplification circuit, Transient Suppression Diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 and insurance F2 structures Into；The two ends of the divider resistance R2 are connected respectively with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcomputer U1；The two of the divider resistance R3 End is connected respectively with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcomputer U1；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 is connected with common mode filter inductance L3； The input of the CAN filter amplification circuit is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, and its outfan suppresses two with transient state respectively Pole pipe Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 and insurance F2 connections.

The CAN filter amplification circuit is by electric capacity C6, electric capacity C7, electric capacity C8, resistance R10, resistance R11, resistance R12 and resistance R13 is constituted；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 (see Fig. 4) is the CAN transceiving chips of model TJA1040；It is described It is the connection of CAN communication modes between the communication interface of TJA1040 communication chips and single-chip microcomputer PIC18F25K80；It is described logical News transceiving chip U6 has 8 pins, and No. 1 pin～No. 8 pin is denoted as respectively；The two ends of the divider resistance R2 respectively with communication No. 1 pin of transceiving chip U6 and No. 23 pins connection of single-chip microcomputer U1；Receive with communication respectively at the two ends of the divider resistance R3 Send out No. 4 pins of chip U6 and No. 24 pins connection of single-chip microcomputer U1；No. 2 pins ground connection of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6, No. 3 Pin connects power supply VCC, No. 8 pin ground connection；No. 6 pins of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and No. 7 pins respectively with common mode filtering Inductance L3 connects；One end of the electric capacity C6 is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, its other end ground connection；Described electric capacity C7 one end with Common mode filtering inductance L3 connects, its other end ground connection；Described resistance R10 one end is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, its other end It is connected with one end of electric capacity C8, electric capacity C8 other ends ground connection；Described R11 one end is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, its other end It is connected with one end of electric capacity C8；One end of the R12 is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, its other end and Transient Suppression Diode One end connection of Z1, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z1；One end of the R13 is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, Its other end is connected with one end of Transient Suppression Diode Z2, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z2；The insurance F1 One end be connected with Transient Suppression Diode Z1, its another termination binding post J2；The insurance F2's suppresses two poles with transient state Pipe Z2 connects, and its other end is connected with binding post J2.

The common mode filtering inductance L3 has 4 terminals, and No. 1 terminal～No. 4 terminal is denoted as respectively；The common mode filtering inductance No. 1 terminal of L3, No. 2 terminals, No. 3 terminals, No. 4 terminals respectively with No. 7 pins, electric capacity C6, the electric capacity of communication receiving/transmission chip U6 No. 6 pins connection of C7, communication receiving/transmission chip U6；No. 2 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 and No. 3 terminals also respectively with electricity Resistance R10 and resistance R11 connections；No. 2 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 and No. 3 terminals also respectively with resistance R12 and resistance R13 connects.

The course of work of the present utility model：

1. outside+24V DC sources are accessed one end of binding post J2, binding post J2 mono- by mu balanced circuit unit End is connected with power supply chip MC7805 and MC7815, and 24V power conversions are+5V by MC7805, and 24V power conversions are by MC7815 +15V；+ 5V DC sources are used to be powered for single-chip microcomputer, and+15V DC sources are used to be powered for Hall element；

2. the voltage of solar panel is gathered by the Hall element H in voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, Hall is passed It is internal after the voltage of sensor H collection solar panels to produce Hall effect, the voltage signal of 0-5V is obtained, the voltage signal stream To the single-chip microcomputer U1 in data processing circuit, the divider resistance R between single-chip microcomputer U1 and each Hall element plays partial pressure work With preventing too high induced voltage and damage single-chip microcomputer；

3. the single-chip microcomputer U1 in data processing circuit receives the voltage signal of Hall element H outputs, in single-chip microcomputer U1 A/D modules in portion carry out digital-to-analogue conversion to it, convert analog signals into digital signal, and the internal processes by single-chip microcomputer U1 are pressed Data are carried out according to equation below to calculate and corresponding analysis process：

Tested voltage=((sampling of ad results) * benchmark)/AD digits, 8 AD digit=256

The testing result for obtaining is stored to the internal register of single-chip microcomputer U1, then will detect knot by its internal ECAN module Fruit gives CAN data transmission circuit unit by CAN technology export；ECAN module pins inside single-chip microcomputer U1 pass through Divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3 in CAN data transmission circuit unit is connected with communication receiving/transmission chip U6；The data The working condition of the distinguishable single-chip microcomputer of LED L2 in process circuit unit, the display lamp L2 when single-chip microcomputer is in running order Can flash；The binding post J1 is according to line program and the USB of the data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status Interface connects, and can realize the download program to single-chip microcomputer U1, write and run debugging by computer；

4. each station based on the solar energy power generating detecting system of Hall voltage sensor is arranged by toggle switch Number, each of toggle switch is connected with the I/O pins of single-chip microcomputer U1, and each has ON/OFF two states, and manual-up group is i.e. 1 is write to be opened to single-chip microcomputer, write 0 as closing to single-chip microcomputer to setting aside manually, the output of toggle switch is equivalent to 82 systems Number, i.e. 0000 0000-1111 1111 adjusts manually 8 switch contacts of toggle switch, generates one 82 system numbers, i.e., The station number of one detecting system, each single voltage detecting system is in CAN equivalent to a node, each node There is a different station number, the identity of each node is distinguished in bus system with this；

5. the voltage signal that data transmission circuit unit is obtained is received through divider resistance R2 and divider resistance R3 flow direction communications Chip U6 is sent out, communication receiving/transmission chip U6 carries CAN communications protocol, it is right after the voltage data for receiving single-chip microcomputer U1 transmission It carries out communications protocol conversion, and the voltage signal after conversion flows to common mode filtering inductance L3, filters out the interference in signal Composition, and through the partial pressure protection of resistance R12 and resistance R13, through Transient Suppression Diode Z1 and Transient Suppression Diode Z2 Afterwards flow direction insurance F1 and insurance F2, is connected eventually through binding post J2 with outside CAN, and will be measured by CAN The voltage data for obtaining is uploaded to the data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status, completes whole detection stream Journey.

Utility model works principle：This utility model is the voltage detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor invention, Hall element is a kind of magnetic field sensor made according to Hall effect.Hall effect is one kind of magnetoelectric effect, and this shows As if find when the conductive mechanism of metal is studied.Found that quasiconductor, conductor fluid etc. also had this effect later, and partly led The Hall effect of body is more much better than than metal, using various Hall elements made by this phenomenon, is widely used in industrial automation The aspects such as technology, detection technique and information processing.

Hall element carries out voltage detecting in use compared with other existing methods with advantages below：1st, Hall is passed Sensor can measure the voltage of random waveform, such as：Direct current, exchange, impulse waveform etc., or even the measurement to transient peak.Secondary Electric current verily reacts the waveform of primary current.And common transformer then cannot compare with it, it is typically only applicable to survey Amount 50Hz sine waves；2nd, there is good electrical isolation between primary circuit and secondary circuit, isolation voltage is up to 9600Vrms；3、 High precision：Precision is better than 1% in operating temperature area, and the precision is suitable for the measurement of any waveform；4th, the linearity is good：It is better than 0.1%；5th, wide bandwidth：Voltage sensor bandwidth typically within 15kHz, the high-voltage voltage sensors rise time of 6400Vrms About 500uS, bandwidth about 700Hz；6th, measurement range：Hall element is series of products, and voltage measurement is up to 6400V.

And CAN is the abbreviation of ControlIerAreaNetwork, i.e. the meaning of " lan controller " can be belonged to The category of industrial field bus, CAN sends data from a node to another node in a broadcast manner, when a section When point sends data, the CPU of the node is sent to the data and identifier that will send the CAN chips of this node, and makes it Into SBR；Once the CAN chips receive bus assignment, just it is changed into sending message status, what the CAN chips will send Data set sends into the message format of regulation.Now, in network other nodes all in reception state, all nodes will be first It is received, judges whether the message is intended for oneself by detecting.

CAN has high reliability, real-time and motility in terms of data communication, and its application is extensive.At this CAN transmission means why is selected to be because considering that CAN has in actual applications following spy in utility model Point：(1) many host mode work：Arbitrary node can send data, communication mode spirit to other nodes at any time on network It is living；(2) each node has different priority on network, can meet the requirement of real-time；(3) arbitrated using non-destructive Bus structures, when two nodes transmit information on network simultaneously, the high preferential transmission of priority；(4) load mode is a little To point, point-to-multipoint, point to global three kinds of broadcast；(5) communication distance is up to 6km；Traffic rate is up to 1MB/s；Nodes can Up to 110；(6) short frame structure is used, there are 8 effective bytes per frame；(7) with reliable error-detection mechanism so that data Error rate it is extremely low；(8) after the information for sending is destroyed, can retransmit automatically；(9) node, can be automatic in gross error Cut-out is contacted with bus, in order to avoid affect other operations in bus.

U6 models TJA1040, TJA1040 realizes the transmission-receiving function of data, and L3 realizes data signal for common mode inductance Filter function, Z1, Z2 are Transient Suppression Diodes, and too high voltage is limited within a safety range in circuit, from And play a part of protection circuit below；F1, F2 are insurance resistance, prevent too high voltage from pouring in circuit from outside, for protecting Other electronic devices in protection circuit.

Superiority of the present utility model：1st, Hall voltage certainty of measurement is high, and precision is better than 1% in operating temperature area, should Precision is suitable for the measurement of any waveform；2nd, Hall voltage measurement range is big, and voltage measurement solves differential mode survey up to 6400V The little problem of mensuration measurement range；3rd, this utility model systematic survey voltage response speed is fast；4th, Hall voltage measuring method line Property degree is good, better than 0.1%；5th, Hall voltage measurement method is measured based on Hall effect to voltage, not by outside environmental elements Affect, it is ensured that certainty of measurement will not change；5th, the fault detect of photovoltaic module, for the photovoltaic generation system being connected in series System, by the concentration analysis to every piece of solar panel output voltage, the working condition of photovoltaic module is uploaded in real time upper Machine, the working condition of each component in monitor in real time photovoltaic system, can the very first time find trouble point particular location, concurrently Go out alarm, staff can safeguard in time, photovoltaic generating system work efficiency is ensured.

(4) illustrate：

Fig. 1 is whole for a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor involved by this utility model Body structured flowchart.

Fig. 2 is whole for a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor involved by this utility model Body electrical block diagram.

Fig. 3 is electricity in a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor involved by this utility model The electrical block diagram of pressure signal acquisition circuit unit.

Fig. 4 is number in a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor involved by this utility model According to the electrical block diagram of process circuit unit.

Fig. 5 is in a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor involved by this utility model The electrical block diagram of CAN data transmission circuit unit.

Fig. 6 is CAN in a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor involved by utility model Bus filter amplifying circuit schematic diagram.

(5) specific embodiment：

Embodiment：A kind of solar energy power generating detecting system (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2) based on Hall voltage sensor, including The data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status, it is characterised in that it includes that mu balanced circuit unit, voltage are believed Number Acquisition Circuit unit, data processing circuit unit, toggle switch unit and CAN data transmission circuit unit；Wherein institute The input for stating voltage signal acquisition circuit unit gathers the voltage signal of solar panel, its outfan and data processing electricity The input connection of road unit；The input connection data processing circuit unit of the CAN data transmission circuit unit Outfan, its outfan is connected by CAN with the data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status；It is described Mu balanced circuit unit is voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, data processing circuit unit and CAN data transmission circuit unit Stabilized power source is provided；The toggle switch unit is connected with the input of data processing circuit unit.

The voltage signal acquisition circuit unit includes N number of voltage signal acquisition circuit；N is the positive integer more than or equal to 1； The value of N is corresponding with the quantity of cell panel in the photovoltaic array of the connection for needing detection；The photovoltaic battle array Row are X*Y dimension arrays, wherein, X is the solar panel number being serially connected；One is made up of X solar panel Road；Y is the number of branch road parallel with one another；The number of the voltage signal acquisition circuit unit is Y；In the photovoltaic array Number N=X*Y+Y of required voltage signal acquisition circuit；In this embodiment, X=6, Y=4, then voltage signal acquisition circuit Unit totally 4；

Each voltage signal acquisition circuit unit (see Fig. 3) is made up of the voltage signal acquisition circuit of 7, is designated as respectively Voltage signal acquisition circuit I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V, Voltage signal acquisition circuit V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI and voltage signal acquisition circuit VII；Wherein, the voltage signal is adopted Collector I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V, voltage signal are adopted Collector V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI gather respectively the voltage signal of 6 pieces of solar photovoltaic cell panels；The voltage signal Acquisition Circuit VII then gathers the total voltage signal of whole piece branch road.

The voltage signal acquisition circuit I (see Fig. 3) is by Hall element H1, binding post J5, resistance R101, electric capacity C101 is constituted；Two terminals of the binding post J5 connect respectively has 1 pin and Hall element H1 with Hall element H1 8 pins between；One end of the resistance R101 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H1, and its other end is with electric capacity C101's One end connect, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C101；The Hall is passed The 3 pins connection 15V power supplys of sensor H1；4 pins of the Hall element H1 are empty；5 pins of the Hall element H1 Ground connection；

Voltage signal acquisition circuit I I (see Fig. 3) is by Hall element H2, binding post J6, resistance R102, electricity Hold C102 to constitute；Two terminals of the binding post J6 connect respectively has 1 pin and Hall element with Hall element H2 Between 8 pins of H2；One end of the resistance R102 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H2, its other end and electric capacity C102 One end connection, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C102；The Hall The 3 pins connection 15V power supplys of sensor H2；4 pins of the Hall element H2 are empty；5 pipes of the Hall element H2 Foot is grounded；

Voltage signal acquisition circuit I II (see Fig. 3) is by Hall element H3, binding post J7, resistance R103, electricity Hold C103 to constitute；Two terminals of the binding post J7 connect respectively has 1 pin and Hall element with Hall element H3 Between 8 pins of H3；One end of the resistance R103 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H3, its other end and electric capacity C103 One end connection, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C103；The Hall The 3 pins connection 15V power supplys of sensor H3；4 pins of the Hall element H3 are empty；5 pipes of the Hall element H3 Foot is grounded；

Voltage signal acquisition circuit I V (see Fig. 3) is by Hall element H4, binding post J8, resistance R104, electricity Hold C104 to constitute；Two terminals of the binding post J8 connect respectively has 1 pin and Hall element with Hall element H4 Between 8 pins of H4；One end of the resistance R104 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H4, its other end and electric capacity C104 One end connection, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C104；The Hall The 3 pins connection 15V power supplys of sensor H4；4 pins of the Hall element H4 are empty；5 pipes of the Hall element H4 Foot is grounded；

The voltage signal acquisition circuit V (see Fig. 3) is by Hall element H5, binding post J9, resistance R105, electric capacity C105 is constituted；Two terminals of the binding post J9 connect respectively has 1 pin and Hall element H5 with Hall element H5 8 pins between；One end of the resistance R105 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H5, and its other end is with electric capacity C105's One end connect, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C105；The Hall is passed The 3 pins connection 15V power supplys of sensor H5；4 pins of the Hall element H5 are empty；5 pins of the Hall element H5 Ground connection；

The voltage signal acquisition circuit VI (see Fig. 3) is by Hall element H6, binding post J10, resistance R106, electricity Hold C106 to constitute；Two terminals of the binding post J10 connect respectively has 1 pin and Hall element with Hall element H6 Between 8 pins of H6；One end of the resistance R106 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H6, its other end and electric capacity C106 One end connection, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C106；The Hall The 3 pins connection 15V power supplys of sensor H6；4 pins of the Hall element H6 are empty；5 pipes of the Hall element H6 Foot is grounded.

The Hall element H1, Hall element H2, Hall element H3, Hall element H4, Hall element H5, Hall element H6 is the Hall voltage sensor of model NHS01.

The voltage signal acquisition circuit VII (see Fig. 3) be by Hall element H7, binding post J11, resistance R107, Electric capacity C107 is constituted；The Hall element H7 has 1 pin, 5 pins, 6 pins, 7 pins, 9 pins and 10 pins；The wiring Two terminals of terminal J11 connect respectively and Hall element H7 has between 1 pin and 5 pins of Hall element H7；It is described One end of resistance R107 is connected with 9 pins of Hall element H7, and its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C107, while connection The input of data processing circuit unit；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C107；10 pins of the Hall element H7 connect Connect 15V power supplys；6 pins of the Hall element H7 are empty；The 7 pins ground connection of the Hall element H7.

The Hall element H7 is the Hall voltage sensor of model IHV001.

The data processing circuit unit (see Fig. 3) is by single-chip microcomputer U1, resistance R28, resistance R1, resistance R5, electric capacity C10, electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2, electric capacity C3, crystal oscillator Y1, LED L2, binding post J1 are constituted；Wherein, one end of the electric capacity C10 It is connected with single-chip microcomputer U1, its other end ground connection；The electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 one end are grounded simultaneously, and the other end then respectively with crystalline substance Shake Y1 two ends be connected；The two ends of the crystal oscillator Y1 are also connected with single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively；One end of the resistance R28 and single-chip microcomputer U1 connects, its other end connection binding post J1；One end connection binding post J1 of the electric capacity C3；Its other end ground connection；Institute State one end connection binding post J1 of resistance R1；Its another termination power VCC；The binding post J1 is also connected with power supply VCC； One end of the resistance R5 is connected with single-chip microcomputer U1, and its other end is connected with one end of LED L2；LED L2 it is another End ground connection；The binding post J1 is according to line program and the USB of the data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status Mouth connection.

The single-chip microcomputer U1 (see Fig. 4) is PIC18F25K80 singlechip chips, totally 28 pins, from MCLR/RE3 pins Sequence counter-clockwise numbering is played, No. 1 pin～No. 28 pin is denoted as successively；The binding post J1 is mcu programming interface and use In the binding post of debugging routine, there are 6 pins, label is denoted as No. 1 interface～No. 6 interface；No. 2 of the single-chip microcomputer U1 are drawn Foot, No. 3 pins, No. 4 pins, No. 5 pins, No. 7 pins, No. 21 pins and No. 22 pins connect respectively voltage signal acquisition circuit Resistance R103, voltage are believed in resistance R102, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II in resistance R101, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I in I Resistance in resistance R105, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI in resistance R104, voltage signal acquisition circuit V in number Acquisition Circuit IV Resistance R107 in R106, voltage signal acquisition circuit VII；No. 6 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U1 are connected with one end of electric capacity C10； No. 8 pins ground connection of the single-chip microcomputer U1；No. 9 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and the connection of No. 10 pins are respectively with the two of crystal oscillator Y1 End connection；No. 1 pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is connected with one end of resistance R28；No. 1 interface of the binding post J1 and resistance The other end connection of R28；No. 1 interface of the binding post J1 is connected with one end of electric capacity C3；No. 1 of the binding post J1 Interface is connected with one end of resistance R1；No. 2 interfaces connection power supply VCC of the binding post J1；Its No. 3 interfacing grounds, No. 4 connect Mouth connects 28 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1, and No. 5 interfaces connect No. 27 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1；No. 26 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and resistance One end connection of R5；No. 19 pins ground connection of the single-chip microcomputer U1；The single-chip microcomputer U1 has input and output pin, i.e., No. 2～No. 5 Pin, No. 7 pins, No. 21～No. 28 pins, No. 11～No. 18 pins, wherein No. 11～No. 18 pins respectively with toggle switch list 8 manual selection switch connection of unit.

The crystal oscillator Y1 crystal oscillators select 16MHz, constitute single-chip minimum system.

Shown mu balanced circuit unit (see Fig. 2) be by electric capacity C4, electric capacity C5, electric capacity CV2, electric capacity CV3, diode D1, two Pole pipe D2, binding post J2, binding post J4, power supply chip MC7805 and power supply chip MC7815 are constituted；The electric capacity C4 is just Extreme connection power supply VCC, negative pole end ground connection；The electric capacity C5 positive terminals connect+15V power supplys, negative pole end ground connection；The electric capacity CV2 positive terminals connect+24V DC sources, negative pole end ground connection；The electric capacity CV3 positive terminals connection connection+24V DC sources, bear Extreme ground connection；The negative pole of the diode D1 is connected with the voltage input Vin terminals of power supply chip MC7805, its positive terminal with Interface Terminal J2 connects；The negative pole of the diode D2 is connected with the voltage input Vin terminals of power supply chip MC7815, and it is just Extremely it is connected with Interface Terminal J2；The terminal of the binding post J2 is also connected with ground, single-chip microcomputer U1；The binding post J2's Terminal also has two terminals being empty；The terminal of the binding post J4 is connected respectively with the non-terminal that is empty of binding post J2； The power supply chip MC7805 voltage outputs Vout exports+5V voltages, its GND mouths ground connection；The power supply chip MC7815's Voltage output Vout exports+15V voltages, its GND mouths ground connection.

The toggle switch unit (see Fig. 2) is 8 manual selection switch, is made up of 8 independent switches, and each is manual Selecting switch is connected respectively with 8 I/O pins of single-chip microcomputer U1.

The data transmission circuit unit (see Fig. 5) include communication receiving/transmission chip U6, divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3, Common mode filtering inductance L3, CAN filter amplification circuit, Transient Suppression Diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 and Insurance F2 is constituted；The two ends of the divider resistance R2 are connected respectively with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcomputer U1；The partial pressure electricity The two ends of resistance R3 are connected respectively with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcomputer U1；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and common mode filter inductance L3 connects；The input of the CAN filter amplification circuit is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, its outfan respectively with transient state Suppress diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 and insurance F2 connections.

The CAN filter amplification circuit (see Fig. 5, Fig. 6) is by electric capacity C6, electric capacity C7, electric capacity C8, resistance R10, electricity Resistance R11, resistance R12 and resistance R13 are constituted；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 (see Fig. 5) is the CAN transmitting-receivings of model TJA1040 Chip；It is that CAN communication modes connect between the TJA1040 communication chips and the communication interface of single-chip microcomputer PIC18F25K80 Connect；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 has 8 pins, and No. 1 pin～No. 8 pin is denoted as respectively；The two ends of the divider resistance R2 It is connected with No. 1 pin of communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and No. 23 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively；The two ends of the divider resistance R3 point It is not connected with No. 4 pins of communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and No. 24 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1；No. 2 pipes of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6 Foot is grounded, and No. 3 pins connect power supply VCC, No. 8 pin ground connection；No. 6 pins of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and No. 7 pin difference It is connected with common mode filter inductance L3；One end of the electric capacity C6 is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, its other end ground connection；The electricity Hold C7 one end to be connected with common mode filter inductance L3, its other end ground connection；Described resistance R10 one end connects with common mode filter inductance L3 Connect, its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C8, electric capacity C8 other ends ground connection；Described R11 one end connects with common mode filter inductance L3 Connect, its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C8；One end of the R12 is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, its other end and wink State suppresses one end connection of diode Z1, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z1；One end of the R13 and common mode filtering Inductance L3 connects, and its other end is connected with one end of Transient Suppression Diode Z2, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z2； One end of the insurance F1 is connected with Transient Suppression Diode Z1, its another termination binding post J2；The insurance be F2's and wink State suppresses diode Z2 connections, its other end to be connected with binding post J2 (see Fig. 2).

The common mode filtering inductance L3 (see Fig. 5) has 4 terminals, and No. 1 terminal～No. 4 terminal is denoted as respectively；The common mode No. 1 terminal of filter inductance L3, No. 2 terminals, No. 3 terminals, No. 4 terminals respectively with No. 7 pins, the electric capacity of communication receiving/transmission chip U6 C6, electric capacity C7, No. 6 pins connection of communication receiving/transmission chip U6；No. 2 terminals and No. 3 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 are also It is connected with resistance R10 and resistance R11 respectively；No. 2 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 and No. 3 terminals also respectively with resistance R12 and resistance R13 connects (see Fig. 5).

By taking an actual photovoltaic generating system as an example, the photovoltaic generating system is 6*4 dimension photovoltaic array structures to this utility model Into, 4 branch roads, the solar energy luminous plate composition of 6 pieces of a route per bar, 6 are connected into one group.Per block, solar energy luminous plate is specified defeated Go out voltage for 50 volts, every group of rated output voltage is 300 volts after series connection.This detecting system detects the output electricity of every piece of solar panels Pressure, every group of voltage is analyzed process to data and learns the running status of each photovoltaic module by single-chip microcomputer, and to per block too Positive energy plate is numbered, and data result is uploaded to into host computer by CAN, can be understood that the event in photovoltaic system Barrier position.

It is introduced with reference to accompanying drawing：

This utility model circuit theory diagrams are as shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 2：

1st, voltage signal acquisition circuit unit

As shown in Figure 3 voltage signal acquisition circuit unit is made up of 7 Hall elements, and (H1-H7 is Hall biography in Fig. 3 Sensor).Hall element H1, Hall element H2, Hall element H3, Hall element H4, Hall element H5, Hall are passed Sensor H6 detects monolithic solar cell panel voltages, the +/- 50 volts of DC voltages of specified input, after Hall element H7 detection series connection Solar panel total voltage, its nominal input voltage is 0-300 volts, and Hall element H signal input is connected with wiring Terminal J, binding post J are directly connected with solar panel, and Hall element H rated outputs 0-5 volt DC voltage, Hall is passed Sensor H outfans link a resistance R, reach the purpose of protection circuit, and Hall element H output signal Jing resistance R are connected to The A/D pins of single-chip microcomputer, sensor is powered using+15V DC sources.

2nd, data processing circuit unit

Data processing section is mainly made up of single-chip microcomputer, its circuit such as Fig. 4, and No. 1 pin of single-chip microcomputer U1 is used to power, outward Divider resistance and mu balanced circuit are connect, single-chip microcomputer U1 is powered using+5V power supplys, provided by MC7805 power supply chips.Single-chip microcomputer U1's No. 28 pins, No. 27 pins are connected to binding post J1 for programming, and No. 26 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1 connect LED L2 to be used for System operation indicates, No. 2 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1, No. 3 pins, No. 4 pins, No. 5 pins, No. 7 pins, No. 21 pins, No. 22 Pin is the A/D pins of single-chip microcomputer U1.

No. 2 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1 connect Hall element H1, No. 3 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1 connect Hall element H2, No. 4 pins connection Hall element H3 of single-chip microcomputer U1, No. 5 pins connection Hall element H4 of single-chip microcomputer U1, single-chip microcomputer U1 No. 7 pins connection Hall element H5, single-chip microcomputer U1 No. 21 pins connection Hall element H6, No. 22 of single-chip microcomputer U1 draw Foot connects Hall element H7；No. 9 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1, No. 10 pins connection crystal oscillator Y1 of single-chip microcomputer U1 constitute single-chip microcomputer most Mini system, the divider resistance R2 in No. 23 pins connection data transmission circuit of single-chip microcomputer U1, No. 24 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1 connect Meet the divider resistance R3 in data transmission circuit.

3rd, CAN data transmission circuit unit

CAN tcp data segment circuit theory diagrams are as shown in figure 5, our department's parallel circuit is mainly around communication receiving/transmission chip U6, divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3, common mode filtering inductance L3, CAN filter amplification circuit, Transient Suppression Diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 and insurance F2 are constituted, and communication receiving/transmission chip U6 is used for the conversion of CAN agreement, above-mentioned No. 1 pin of U6 and No. 4 pins are TX and RX, for and data interaction between single-chip microcomputer U1, divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3 is connected between communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcomputer U1, plays a part of protection circuit.No. 6 pipes of communication receiving/transmission chip U6 Foot, No. 7 pins are CAN data cube computation pin, No. 6 pins, No. 7 pin external linkage common mode filtering inductance L3 in U6, Common mode filtering inductance L3 plays in circuit jamproof effect, as shown in fig. 6, this partial circuit is in CAN transmission circuit In amplification is filtered to input signal, above-mentioned Transient Suppression Diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2 are a kind of votage limit types Overvoltage protecting device, is limited in too high voltage within one safety range in circuit, so as to play electricity behind protection The effect on road.Insurance F1 and insurance F2 prevent too high voltage from pouring in circuit from outside, for other electronics devices in protection circuit Part.OCANH, OCANL are CAN and external connection terminal, are connected to binding post J2, logical and host computer between for carrying out News.

Specific work process is as follows：

1. outside 24V DC sources are accessed one end of binding post J2, binding post J2 mono- by mu balanced circuit unit End is connected with power supply chip MC7805 and MC7815 (see Fig. 2), and 24V power conversions are+5V by MC7805, and MC7815 is electric by 24V Source is converted into+15V；+ 5V DC sources are used to be powered for single-chip microcomputer, and+15V DC sources are used to be powered for Hall element, electricity Source part is universal circuit (see Fig. 2)；

2. (see Fig. 1, seen by the voltage of the Hall element collection solar panel in voltage signal acquisition circuit unit Fig. 2), each monolithic solar cell panel voltages links to respectively above-mentioned voltage signal acquisition circuit I, voltage signal acquisition circuit II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V, voltage signal acquisition circuit V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI, total voltage links to voltage signal acquisition circuit VII after solar panel series connection；Hall in voltage signal acquisition circuit Sensor H (H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6, H7) is by binding post J (J5, J6, J7, J8, J9, J10, J11) and solar-electricity Pond plate is connected (see Fig. 3), Hall element H obtain it is internal after the voltage of solar panel produce Hall effect, obtain 0-5V Voltage signal, above-mentioned voltage signal flows to the single-chip microcomputer U1 (see Fig. 4) in data processing circuit, in U1 and each hall sensing It is placed with divider resistance R (R101, R102, R103, R104, R105, R106, R107) (see Fig. 3) between device, resistance R is played point Pressure is acted on, and is prevented too high induced voltage and is damaged single-chip microcomputer.

3. the single-chip microcomputer U1 in data processing circuit receives the voltage signal of Hall element H outputs, in single-chip microcomputer U1 A/D modules in portion carry out digital-to-analogue conversion to it, convert analog signals into digital signal, and the internal processes by single-chip microcomputer U1 are pressed Data are carried out according to equation below to calculate and corresponding analysis process：

Tested voltage=((sampling of ad results) * benchmark)/AD digits, 8 AD digit=256

The testing result for obtaining is stored to the internal register of single-chip microcomputer U1, then will detect knot by its internal ECAN module Fruit gives CAN data transmission circuit unit by CAN technology export；ECAN module pins inside single-chip microcomputer U1 pass through Divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3 in CAN data transmission circuit unit is connected with communication receiving/transmission chip U6；The data The working condition of the distinguishable single-chip microcomputer of LED L2 in process circuit unit, the display lamp L2 when single-chip microcomputer is in running order Can flash；The binding post J1 is according to line program and the USB of the data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status Interface connects, and can realize the download program to single-chip microcomputer U1, writes and run debugging by computer, as shown in figures 1 and 3 Structure；

4. each station based on the solar energy power generating detecting system of Hall voltage sensor is arranged by toggle switch Number, each of toggle switch is connected (see Fig. 2) with the I/O pins of single-chip microcomputer U1, and each has ON/OFF two states, manually Dial upwards and write 1 as being opened to single-chip microcomputer, write 0 as closing to single-chip microcomputer to setting aside manually, the output of toggle switch is equivalent to one 8 Position 2 system numbers, i.e. 0000 0000-11111111, adjust manually 8 switch contacts of toggle switch, generate 82 systems Number, i.e. the station number of a detecting system, each single voltage detecting system in CAN equivalent to a node, each Node has a different station number, and the identity of each node is distinguished in bus system with this；

Such as, in the present embodiment it is a big system based on the solar energy power generating detecting system of Hall voltage sensor A subsystem, the big system is made up of the subsystem of 4 such subsystems and 1 current detecting, each subsystem It is a node in CAN, the station number of node is configured by the on an off of toggle switch to it；

5. the voltage signal that data transmission circuit unit is obtained is received through divider resistance R2 and divider resistance R3 flow direction communications Chip U6 is sent out, communication receiving/transmission chip U6 carries CAN communications protocol, it is right after the voltage data for receiving single-chip microcomputer U1 transmission It carries out communications protocol conversion, and the voltage signal after conversion flows to common mode filtering inductance L3, filters out the interference in signal Composition, and through the partial pressure protection of resistance R12 and resistance R13, through Transient Suppression Diode Z1 and Transient Suppression Diode Z2 Afterwards flow direction insurance F1 and insurance F2, is connected eventually through binding post J2 with outside CAN, and will be measured by CAN The voltage data for obtaining is uploaded to the data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status, completes whole testing process (see Fig. 5, Fig. 6).

This circuit can make concrete adjustment according to the actual quantity of photovoltaic module, can find photovoltaic generation system with the very first time The malfunctioning node of system, the generating efficiency of real-time monitoring photovoltaic system, to facilitate staff to safeguard in time, is sent out so as to improve photovoltaic Electrical efficiency, the important role in photovoltaic generating system.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor, including real-time monitoring photovoltaic module is run The data handling machine of state, it is characterised in that it is included at mu balanced circuit unit, voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, data Reason circuit unit, toggle switch unit and CAN data transmission circuit unit；Wherein described voltage signal acquisition circuit unit Input gather the voltage signal of solar panel, its outfan is connected with the input of data processing circuit unit；Institute The input for stating CAN data transmission circuit unit connects the outfan of data processing circuit unit, and its outfan passes through CAN Bus is connected with the data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status；The mu balanced circuit unit is voltage signal Acquisition Circuit unit, data processing circuit unit and CAN data transmission circuit unit provide stabilized power source；The dial-up is opened Close unit to be connected with the input of data processing circuit unit.

2. a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 1, its feature It is that the voltage signal acquisition circuit unit includes N number of voltage signal acquisition circuit；N is the positive integer more than or equal to 1；N's Value is corresponding with the quantity of cell panel in the photovoltaic array of the connection for needing detection；The photovoltaic array is X*Y ties up array, wherein, X is the solar panel number being serially connected；A branch road is made up of X solar panel；Y It is the number of branch road parallel with one another；Number N=Y of the voltage signal acquisition circuit unit；Described each voltage signal is adopted The number of voltage signal acquisition circuit is X+1 in collector unit；Required voltage signal acquisition circuit in the photovoltaic array Number N=X*Y+Y.

3. a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 2, its feature Be photovoltaic array be 6*4 dimension arrays, totally 4 branch roads；Number N=4 of the voltage signal acquisition circuit unit；Institute The number for stating required voltage signal acquisition circuit in each voltage signal acquisition circuit unit is 7；

The voltage signal acquisition circuit unit is made up of the voltage signal acquisition circuit of 7, i.e. M=6, N=7, is remembered respectively For voltage signal acquisition circuit I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit IV, voltage signal acquisition circuit V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI and voltage signal acquisition circuit VII；Wherein, the voltage letter Number Acquisition Circuit I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V, voltage letter Number Acquisition Circuit V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI gather respectively the voltage signal of 6 pieces of solar photovoltaic cell panels；The voltage Signal acquisition circuit VII then gathers the total voltage signal of whole piece branch road.

4. a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 3, its feature Be the voltage signal acquisition circuit be to be made up of Hall element H, resistance R, electric capacity C and binding post J；Wherein it is described suddenly Your sensor H has 1 pin, 3 pins, 4 pins, 5 pins, 6 pins and 8 pins；Two terminals of the binding post J connect respectively Connect has between 1 pin and 8 pins of Hall element H with Hall element H；One end of the resistance R is with Hall element H's 6 pins connect, and its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C, simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The electric capacity The other end ground connection of C；The 3 pins connection 15V power supplys of the Hall element H；4 pins of the Hall element H are empty；Institute State the 5 pins ground connection of Hall element H；

The voltage signal acquisition circuit I is made up of Hall element H1, binding post J5, resistance R101, electric capacity C101；Institute Two terminals for stating binding post J5 connect respectively and Hall element H1 has between 1 pin and 8 pins of Hall element H1； One end of the resistance R101 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H1, and its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C101, while The input of connection data processing circuit unit；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C101；3 pipes of the Hall element H1 Foot connects 15V power supplys；4 pins of the Hall element H1 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H1；

Voltage signal acquisition circuit I I is made up of Hall element H2, binding post J6, resistance R102, electric capacity C102； Two terminals of the binding post J6 connect respectively have 1 pin and Hall element H2 with Hall element H2 8 pins it Between；One end of the resistance R102 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H2, and its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C102, Simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C102；The 3 of the Hall element H2 Pin connects 15V power supplys；4 pins of the Hall element H2 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H2；

Voltage signal acquisition circuit I II is made up of Hall element H3, binding post J7, resistance R103, electric capacity C103； Two terminals of the binding post J7 connect respectively have 1 pin and Hall element H3 with Hall element H3 8 pins it Between；One end of the resistance R103 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H3, and its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C103, Simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C103；The 3 of the Hall element H3 Pin connects 15V power supplys；4 pins of the Hall element H3 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H3；

Voltage signal acquisition circuit I V is made up of Hall element H4, binding post J8, resistance R104, electric capacity C104； Two terminals of the binding post J8 connect respectively have 1 pin and Hall element H4 with Hall element H4 8 pins it Between；One end of the resistance R104 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H4, and its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C104, Simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C104；The 3 of the Hall element H4 Pin connects 15V power supplys；4 pins of the Hall element H4 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H4；

The voltage signal acquisition circuit V is made up of Hall element H5, binding post J9, resistance R105, electric capacity C105；Institute Two terminals for stating binding post J9 connect respectively and Hall element H5 has between 1 pin and 8 pins of Hall element H5； One end of the resistance R105 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H5, and its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C105, while The input of connection data processing circuit unit；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C105；3 pins of the Hall element H5 Connection 15V power supplys；4 pins of the Hall element H5 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H5；

The voltage signal acquisition circuit VI is made up of Hall element H6, binding post J10, resistance R106, electric capacity C106； Two terminals of the binding post J10 connect respectively have 1 pin and Hall element H6 with Hall element H6 8 pins it Between；One end of the resistance R106 is connected with 6 pins of Hall element H6, and its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C106, Simultaneous connection according to process circuit unit input；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C106；The 3 of the Hall element H6 Pin connects 15V power supplys；4 pins of the Hall element H6 are empty；The 5 pins ground connection of the Hall element H6；

The voltage signal acquisition circuit VII is by Hall element H7, binding post J11, resistance R107, electric capacity C107 structures Into；The Hall element H7 has 1 pin, 5 pins, 6 pins, 7 pins, 9 pins and 10 pins；The binding post J11's Two terminals connect respectively and Hall element H7 has between 1 pin and 5 pins of Hall element H7；The resistance R107's One end is connected with 9 pins of Hall element H7, and its other end is connected with one end of electric capacity C107, and simultaneous connection is electric according to processing The input of road unit；The other end ground connection of the electric capacity C107；The 10 pins connection 15V power supplys of the Hall element H7； 6 pins of the Hall element H7 are empty；The 7 pins ground connection of the Hall element H7.

5. a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 4, its feature It is the Hall element H1, Hall element H2, Hall element H3, Hall element H4, Hall element H5, Hall Sensor H6 is the Hall voltage sensor of model NHS01；The Hall element H7 is the Hall electricity of model IHV001 Pressure sensor.

6. a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 1, its feature Be the data processing circuit unit be by single-chip microcomputer U1, resistance R28, resistance R1, resistance R5, electric capacity C10, electric capacity C1, electricity Hold C2, electric capacity C3, crystal oscillator Y1, LED L2, binding post J1 to constitute；Wherein, one end of the electric capacity C10 connects with single-chip microcomputer U1 Connect, its other end ground connection；The electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 one end are grounded simultaneously, and the other end then respectively with the two ends phase of crystal oscillator Y1 Even；The two ends of the crystal oscillator Y1 are also connected with single-chip microcomputer U1 respectively；One end of the resistance R28 is connected with single-chip microcomputer U1, and its is another One end connects binding post J1；One end connection binding post J1 of the electric capacity C3；Its other end ground connection；The one of the resistance R1 End connection binding post J1；Its another termination power VCC；The binding post J1 is also connected with power supply VCC；The resistance R5's One end is connected with single-chip microcomputer U1, and its other end is connected with one end of LED L2；The other end ground connection of LED L2；It is described to connect Line terminals J1 are connected according to line program with the USB port of the data handling machine of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module running status；

The mu balanced circuit unit is by electric capacity C4, electric capacity C5, electric capacity CV2, electric capacity CV3, diode D1, diode D2, wiring Terminal J2, binding post J4, power supply chip MC7805 and power supply chip MC7815 are constituted；The electric capacity C4 positive terminals connect power supply VCC, negative pole end ground connection；The electric capacity C5 positive terminals connect+15V power supplys, negative pole end ground connection；The electric capacity CV2 positive terminals connection+ 24V DC sources, negative pole end ground connection；The electric capacity CV3 positive terminals connection connection+24V DC sources, negative pole end ground connection；It is described The negative pole of diode D1 is connected with the voltage input Vin terminals of power supply chip MC7805, and its positive terminal connects with Interface Terminal J2 Connect；The negative pole of the diode D2 is connected with the voltage input Vin terminals of power supply chip MC7815, its positive terminal and interface end Sub- J2 connections；The terminal of the binding post J2 is also connected with ground, single-chip microcomputer U1；The terminal of the binding post J2 also has two The terminal being empty；The terminal of the binding post J4 is connected respectively with the non-terminal that is empty of binding post J2；The power supply chip MC7805 voltage outputs Vout exports+5V voltages, its GND mouths ground connection；The voltage output of the power supply chip MC7815 Vout exports+15V voltages, its GND mouths ground connection；

The toggle switch unit is 8 manual selection switch, is made up of 8 independent switches, each manual selection switch point It is not connected with data processing circuit unit.

7. a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 6, its feature Be the single-chip microcomputer U1 be PIC18F25K80 singlechip chips, totally 28 pins, the sequence counter-clockwise from MCLR/RE3 pins Numbering, is denoted as successively No. 1 pin～No. 28 pin；The binding post J1 is mcu programming interface and uses for debugging routine Binding post, have 6 pins, label is denoted as No. 1 interface～No. 6 interface；No. 2 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U1, No. 3 pins, 4 Number pin, No. 5 pins, No. 7 pins, No. 21 pins and No. 22 pins connect respectively resistance R101 in voltage signal acquisition circuit I, Resistance R103, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V in resistance R102, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II in voltage signal acquisition circuit I I Resistance R106, voltage signal in resistance R105, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI in middle resistance R104, voltage signal acquisition circuit V Resistance R107 in Acquisition Circuit VII；No. 6 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U1 are connected with one end of electric capacity C10；The single-chip microcomputer U1's No. 8 pin ground connection；No. 9 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U1 and No. 10 pin connections are connected respectively with the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1；The list No. 1 pin of piece machine U1 is connected with one end of resistance R28；No. 1 interface of the binding post J1 connects with the other end of resistance R28 Connect；No. 1 interface of the binding post J1 is connected with one end of electric capacity C3；No. 1 interface of the binding post J1 and resistance R1 One end connection；No. 2 interfaces connection power supply VCC of the binding post J1；Its No. 3 interfacing grounds, No. 4 interfaces meet single-chip microcomputer U1 28 pins, No. 5 interfaces connect No. 27 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1；No. 26 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U1 connect with one end of resistance R5 Connect；No. 19 pins ground connection of the single-chip microcomputer U1；The single-chip microcomputer U1 have the pin of input and output pin, i.e., No. 2～No. 5, No. 7 draw Foot, No. 21～No. 28 pins, No. 11～No. 18 pins, wherein No. 11～No. 18 pins respectively with 8 handss of toggle switch unit Dynamic selecting switch connection；The toggle switch unit is 8 manual selection switch, is made up of 8 independent switches, and each is manual Selecting switch is connected respectively with 8 I/O pins of single-chip microcomputer U1, that is, connect No. 11～No. 18 pins of single-chip microcomputer U1.

8. a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 7, its feature It is that the crystal oscillator Y1 crystal oscillators select 16MHz, constitutes single-chip minimum system.

9. a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 1, its feature It is that the data transmission circuit unit includes communication receiving/transmission chip U6, divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3, common mode filtering inductance L3, CAN filter amplification circuit, Transient Suppression Diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 and insurance F2 are constituted； The two ends of the divider resistance R2 are connected respectively with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcomputer U1；The two ends of the divider resistance R3 point It is not connected with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcomputer U1；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 is connected with common mode filter inductance L3；It is described The input of CAN filter amplification circuit is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, its outfan respectively with Transient Suppression Diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 and insurance F2 connections.

10. a kind of solar energy power generating detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 9, its feature Be the CAN filter amplification circuit be by electric capacity C6, electric capacity C7, electric capacity C8, resistance R10, resistance R11, resistance R12 and Resistance R13 is constituted；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 is the CAN transceiving chips of model TJA1040；The TJA1040 communicates core It is the connection of CAN communication modes between the communication interface of piece and single-chip microcomputer PIC18F25K80；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 has 8 pins, are denoted as respectively No. 1 pin～No. 8 pin；The two ends of the divider resistance R2 are respectively with the 1 of communication receiving/transmission chip U6 No. 23 pins connection of number pin and single-chip microcomputer U1；The two ends of the divider resistance R3 respectively with No. 4 of communication receiving/transmission chip U6 No. 24 pins connection of pin and single-chip microcomputer U1；No. 2 pins ground connection of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6, No. 3 pins connect power supply VCC, No. 8 pin ground connection；No. 6 pins of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and No. 7 pins are connected respectively with common mode filter inductance L3； One end of the electric capacity C6 is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, its other end ground connection；Described electric capacity C7 one end and common mode filtered electrical Sense L3 connections, its other end ground connection；Described resistance R10 one end is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, and its other end is with electric capacity C8's One end connects, electric capacity C8 other ends ground connection；Described R11 one end is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, and its other end is with electric capacity C8's One end connects；One end of the R12 is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, and its other end connects with one end of Transient Suppression Diode Z1 Connect, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z1；One end of the R13 is connected with common mode filter inductance L3, its other end with One end connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z2, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z2；One end of the insurance F1 and wink State suppresses diode Z1 connections, its another termination binding post J2；The insurance F2's is connected with Transient Suppression Diode Z2, its The other end is connected with binding post J2；

The common mode filtering inductance L3 has 4 terminals, and No. 1 terminal～No. 4 terminal is denoted as respectively；The common mode filtering inductance L3's It is No. 1 terminal, No. 2 terminals, No. 3 terminals, No. 4 terminals No. 7 pins respectively with communication receiving/transmission chip U6, electric capacity C6, electric capacity C7, logical No. 6 pins connection of news transceiving chip U6；No. 2 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 and No. 3 terminals also respectively with resistance R10 With resistance R11 connections；No. 2 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 and No. 3 terminals also connect with resistance R12 and resistance R13 respectively Connect.