CN206133521U - Touch screen and touch display device - Google Patents
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- CN206133521U CN206133521U CN201621057244.4U CN201621057244U CN206133521U CN 206133521 U CN206133521 U CN 206133521U CN 201621057244 U CN201621057244 U CN 201621057244U CN 206133521 U CN206133521 U CN 206133521U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a touch screen and touch display device. This touch -sensitive screen includes: the leaded light component, by set up into towards the light source of a side of leaded light component, the light that the light source sent is directd in the leaded light component, and by set up into towards a plurality of detectors of at least one side of leaded light component, the detector is configured as to receive and follows the corresponding side outgoing of leaded light component light. A touch -sensitive screen that openly provides according to this can be realized multi -touch and can not appear terriblely.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of touch technologies, and in particular, to a touch screen and a touch display device.
Background
With the development of multimedia technology, touch technology has become a hot spot technology in human-computer interaction today. Human-computer interaction modes (such as keyboard, mouse, etc.) of many products are gradually replaced by touch technology. Among many touch technologies, the infrared touch screen is not easily interfered by current, voltage and static electricity, and is suitable for severe environments, so that the infrared touch screen is applied to various occasions.
Fig. 1 illustrates a perspective view showing a structure of a conventional infrared touch screen, and fig. 2 illustrates a top view of the infrared touch screen shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a conventional infrared touch screen generally includes an infrared transmitting element 102 and an infrared receiving element 103 disposed around a touch detection area 101, and the infrared transmitting element 102 and the infrared receiving element 103 are disposed in one-to-one opposition. Infrared rays are emitted by the infrared emitting element 102 and received by the infrared receiving element, thereby forming an infrared ray network that is densely arranged in the direction X, Y above the touch detection area (i.e., touch surface) 101. The touch point 104 in the touch detection area 101 can be detected by detecting the blocking of light between the infrared emitting element 102 and the infrared receiving element 103. However, such an infrared touch screen is prone to ghost points when there are a plurality of touch points in the touch detection area 103, and as shown in fig. 2, when there are two touch points 1041,1042, 4 touch points may be detected based on the light blocking condition, two of the touch points are real touch points, and two of the touch points are ghost points (false touch points), and the real touch points need to be determined through further special processing, and thus erroneous judgment is prone to occur.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present disclosure provides a touch screen and a touch display device, which can implement multi-touch without ghost points.
In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a touch screen including:
a light guide element;
a light source disposed to face one side of the light guide element, light emitted from the light source being guided into the light guide element; and
a plurality of detectors disposed facing at least one side of the light-guiding element, the detectors configured to receive the light exiting the respective side of the light-guiding element.
In one embodiment, the light guided into the light guiding element propagates within the light guiding element in total reflection to form a light field within the light guiding element, when there is a touch point at a touch surface of the light guiding element, the total reflection condition is broken at the touch point, such that at least a portion of the light leaks out from the touch point, resulting in a change of the light field at the touch point.
In one embodiment, the light source is a point light source.
In one embodiment, the touch screen further comprises a light spreading element disposed between the light source and the light guiding element.
In one embodiment, the light source is an infrared or near-infrared light source and the detector is an infrared or near-infrared detector.
In one embodiment, the light directing element is a rectangular light directing element.
In one embodiment, the detector is arranged at a side of the light guiding element where the light source is not arranged.
In one embodiment, the detectors are arranged on four sides of the light guiding element.
In one embodiment, the light guide element is a planar light guide element or a curved light guide element.
In one embodiment, the light guiding element is made of glass or a polymer material.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a touch display device comprising a display panel and any of the touch screens described herein, wherein the touch screen is disposed on a display side of the display panel.
Because touch screen and touch display device that this disclosure provided can realize touch detection based on the distribution of the light field in the leaded light component, and need not detect the condition of sheltering from of the light between infrared transmitting element and the infrared receiving element, consequently can realize the multi-touch and can not produce ghost point. In addition, the light source and the detector are arranged facing the side edge of the light guide element and are located in the same thickness space with the light guide element without occupying extra thickness space, so that the thickness of the touch screen can be reduced. Thirdly, because the touch screen provided by the present disclosure can realize the detection of the touch point based on the light field distribution inside the light guide element, when the light guide element is a curved surface light guide element, the touch screen can be suitable for a curved surface touch display, thereby realizing curved surface display.
Further aspects and ranges of adaptability will become apparent from the description provided herein. It should be understood that various aspects of the present application may be implemented alone or in combination with one or more other aspects. It should also be understood that the description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, wherein:
fig. 1 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a structure of a conventional infrared touch screen;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a top view of the infrared touch screen shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 illustrates a structural perspective view of a touch screen provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a top view of the touch screen shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5a schematically shows a diagram of total reflection of light within a light guiding element without a touch point;
FIG. 5b illustrates a schematic diagram of total reflection destruction due to touch;
FIG. 6 illustrates a flow chart of a touch detection method provided by one embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 schematically shows a subdivision of the touch surface of the light-guiding element.
Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts or features throughout the several views of the drawings.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In one aspect of the present disclosure, a touch screen is provided, including a light guide element; a light source disposed to face one side of the light guide element, light emitted from the light source being guided into the light guide element; and a plurality of detectors arranged to face at least one side of the light guiding element, the detectors being configured to receive light exiting from the respective side of the light guiding element.
In the touch screen provided by the present disclosure, light emitted from the light source is guided into the light guide element and propagates (for example, propagates by total reflection) within the light guide element, so that a stable light field can be formed within the light guide element. When a user touches the touch surface of the light guide element, media on two sides of the touch surface of the light guide element change, so that light field distribution in the light guide element is influenced, and the position of a touch point can be detected according to the change of the light fields at each position of the light guide element. Because the touch screen provided by the disclosure can realize touch detection based on the distribution of the light field without detecting the shielding condition of light rays between the infrared emitting element and the infrared receiving element, multi-point touch can be realized without generating ghost points. In addition, the light source and the detector are arranged facing the side edge of the light guide element and are located in the same thickness space with the light guide element without occupying extra thickness space, so that the thickness of the touch screen can be reduced. Thirdly, because the touch screen provided by the present disclosure can realize the detection of the touch point based on the light field distribution inside the light guide element, when the light guide element is a curved surface light guide element, the touch screen can be suitable for a curved surface touch display, thereby realizing curved surface display.
FIG. 3 illustrates a structural perspective view of a touch screen provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 4 exemplarily illustrates a top view of the touch screen shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the touch screen includes a light guide element 301; a light source 302 disposed at one side of the light guide element 301 and facing the light guide element 301, light emitted from the light source 302 being guided into the light guide element 301; and a plurality of detectors 303 disposed at a side of the light guiding element 301 where the light source 302 is not disposed and facing the light guiding element 301, the plurality of detectors 303 being configured to receive light emitted from respective sides of the light guiding element 301.
In one embodiment, a light source 302 is disposed at one side of the light guiding element 301, and the light emitted therefrom is guided into the light guiding element 301 and propagates in the light guiding element 301 by total reflection (as shown in fig. 5 a), thereby forming a stable light field within the light guiding element 301. When a user touches the touch surface of the light guiding element 301, the medium above the touch surface changes, the total reflection condition is destroyed, and thus light leaks out of the touch surface of the light guiding element 301 (as shown in fig. 5 b), resulting in a change of the light field inside the light guiding element 301 (especially near the touch surface of the light guiding element). Thus, the position of the touch point can be determined by detecting the position where the light field changes.
In the touch screen provided by the embodiment, the light emitted by the light source is limited in the light guide element, and the light source and the detector do not occupy extra thickness space, so that the thickness of the touch screen can be reduced; the touch screen can realize the touch function by using fewer devices, and the devices do not need to be fully distributed around the touch detection area, so the cost is lower; detecting touch points based on light field distribution rather than on occlusion of light rays, wherein ghost points are not generated under the condition that a plurality of touch points exist; during touch recognition, the light field distribution inside the light guide element can be deduced in a finite element or boundary element mode according to the information of the light source and the detection value of the detector, and the resolution can be improved by finely dividing the touch surface (touch detection area) of the light guide element without increasing the number of devices, so that the marginal cost (i.e. the cost required to be increased for increasing a certain resolution) of the touch screen is low.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the light guide element is a rectangular light guide element, for example, the rectangular light guide element may be a rectangular optical waveguide, and in this embodiment, the detector is disposed on 3 sides of the light guide element where the light source is not disposed. It should be understood that the detector may be provided on one or both sides of the light guiding element, without regard to accuracy. In order to improve the accuracy, detectors may be disposed on all four sides of the light guide element.
In one embodiment, the light source may be a point light source. In order to make the light emitted from the light source spread over the whole light guide element, a light spreading element, such as a beam expanding prism or a beam expanding lens, may be disposed between the light source and the light guide element.
In one embodiment, the light source may be an infrared light source or a near-infrared light source, and accordingly, the detector may be an infrared detector or a near-infrared detector.
In one embodiment, the light guiding element may be a planar light guiding element or a curved light guiding element and may be made of glass or a polymer material. When the light guide element is a curved surface light guide element, the touch screen provided by the disclosure can be suitable for a curved surface touch display, so that curved surface display is realized.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a touch display device including a display panel and the touch screen described in the embodiments herein, the touch screen being disposed on a display side of the display panel. The touch display device provided by the present disclosure is low in cost, thin in thickness, and does not generate ghost points in the case where there are a plurality of touch points.
In yet another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a touch detection method for a touch screen described herein. The touch detection method of the present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a touch detection method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 6, the touch detection method includes:
s602: acquiring an initial detection value of each detector and optical information of a light source;
s604: acquiring initial light field distribution inside the light guide element according to the initial detection value and the optical information of the light source;
s606: acquiring a current detection value of each detector;
s608: acquiring current light field distribution inside the light guide element according to the current detection value and the optical information of the light source; and
s610: judging whether touch points exist according to the initial light field distribution and the current light field distribution, if so, entering S612, otherwise, returning to S606 to perform the next detection period;
s612: the position of the touch point is acquired and returns to S606 for the next detection cycle.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the initial detection values and the current detection values may include any one of luminous flux, light intensity and photon density of light emitted from the respective side of the light guiding element detected by the detector; the optical information of the light source may include any one of luminous flux, light intensity, and photon density of the light source. Accordingly, the initial light field distribution may be characterized by an initial light flux distribution, an initial photon density distribution or an initial light intensity distribution inside the light guiding element; the current light field distribution may be characterized by a current luminous flux distribution, a current photon density distribution or a current light intensity distribution inside the light guiding element.
For convenience of description, in this embodiment, the initial detection value and the current detection value detected by the detector are taken as an example of photon density, in which case the optical information of the light source is the photon density of the light source, and the initial light field distribution and the current light field distribution are respectively characterized by the initial photon density distribution and the current photon density distribution. It will be appreciated that depending on the optical parameters (e.g. luminous flux, light intensity) actually detected by the detector, the optical information of the light source, the initial light field distribution and the current light field distribution may also be characterized by other optical parameters (e.g. luminous flux, light intensity). In this case, the touch detection method provided by the present disclosure may also be employed to detect a touch point.
At S602, when the touch screen is activated, light emitted from the light source is totally reflected in the light guide element, thereby forming a stable light field. A detector located at the side of the light guiding element may detect the initial photon density of the light field at the side of the light guiding element (photon density when there is no touch point on the touch surface of the light guiding element) as an initial detection value of the detector.
At S604, an initial light field distribution inside the light guiding element may be obtained by using a finite element method or a boundary element method according to the initial detection value of the detector and the optical information of the light source, for example. In one embodiment, the initial light field distribution corresponds to the light field distribution when light from the light source propagates by total reflection inside the light guiding element in the absence of a touch point.
During operation, the light guide element may be subdivided into a plurality of unit coordinates distributed in an array as shown in fig. 7. In this embodiment, an initial photon density distribution Φ (n, m) in the light guide element may be obtained by a finite element method or a boundary element method based on the initial photon density detected by the detector and the optical information of the light source, where n and m are the subdivided unit coordinates.
The finite element method is a high-efficiency and commonly used numerical calculation method. The finite element method disperses a continuous solution domain into a combination of a group of units, and uses an approximation function assumed in each unit to represent an unknown field function to be solved on the solution domain in a slicing mode, wherein the approximation function is usually expressed by numerical interpolation functions of the unknown field function and derivatives thereof at each node of the unit. Thereby making a continuous infinite freedom problem a discrete finite freedom problem. The boundary element method is a new numerical method developed after the finite element method, and is different from the basic idea of dividing the cells in the continuum by the finite element method, the boundary element method is to divide the cells only on the boundary of the defined domain and use the function meeting the control equation to approximate the boundary condition. Since the finite element method and the boundary element method are relatively mature numerical methods, the specific solving processes thereof are not described in detail in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
At S606, a plurality of sampling time points may be set at predetermined time intervals, and the detected current photon density of the detector at each sampling time point is obtained as the current detection value of the detector at the sampling time point.
At S608, similarly to S604, a current light field distribution inside the light guiding element may be obtained by using a finite element method or a boundary element method according to the current detection value of the detector and the optical information of the light source. In one embodiment, in the presence of a touch point, the current light field distribution corresponds to the light field distribution when light leakage occurs due to the total reflection condition at the touch point being disrupted; in the absence of a touch point, the current light field distribution corresponds to the light field distribution when the light from the light source propagates inside the light guiding element by total reflection, at which time the current light field distribution is substantially the same as the initial light field distribution.
In a specific embodiment, the current photon density distribution Φ' (n, m) in the light guiding element can be obtained by using a finite element method or a boundary element method based on the current photon density detected by the detector and the optical information of the light source, where n and m are the subdivided unit coordinates.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the method for solving the initial light field distribution and the current light field distribution is not limited to the finite element method or the boundary element method, and other numerical methods may also be adopted.
At S610, determining whether there is a touch point according to the initial light field distribution and the current light field distribution may include: and comparing the current light field distribution with the initial light field distribution to determine the light field variation at each position of the light guide element, and if the light field variation is greater than a predetermined threshold, determining that a touch point exists at the position where the light field variation is greater than the predetermined threshold.
In one embodiment, the current photon density Φ '(n, m) at each location within the light-guiding element may be compared to the initial photon density Φ (n, m) to determine a photon density change Δ Φ (n, m) ═ Φ' (n, m) - Φ (n, m) | at each unit coordinate of the light-guiding element, and when Δ Φ (n, m) is greater than a predetermined threshold Δ Φ, then it is determined that a touch point is present at that (n, m).
In another embodiment, whether a touch point exists on the touch surface of the light guide element can also be determined by the method described below.
Firstly, the initial absorption coefficient distribution and the current absorption coefficient distribution inside the light guide element are obtained according to the initial photon density distribution and the current photon density distribution inside the light guide element. In one particular embodiment, the initial absorption coefficient distribution and the current absorption coefficient distribution may be obtained based on certain boundary conditions using the following equations:
wherein,is the distance from the light source to a point on the light-guiding element, which is a vector,is composed ofThe density of the photons at the location of the,is composed ofThe absorption coefficient of (a) is,is diffusion coefficient, diffusion coefficient Is a light source item, which is a light source pairInfluence of, e.g. light sources inInfluence on photon density, luminous flux or light intensity, etc.
In this embodiment, the specific boundary conditions may include a first type of boundary condition (i.e., giving a numerical value of the unknown function on the boundary) and Robin boundary conditions (i.e., giving a linear combination of the function value and the outer normal derivative of the position function on the boundary), where the Robin boundary conditions are employed on the sides of the light guide element and the first type of boundary conditions are employed on the touch surface and the surface opposite the touch surface of the light guide element.
Thereby, the information of the light source is knownAnd the photon density at the detector, the initial absorption coefficient distribution at all positions on the light guide element can be solvedAnd current absorption coefficient distributionTo facilitate processing of the data, the initial absorption coefficient profile may be distributedAnd current absorption coefficient distributionDiscretizing to obtain discrete initial absorption coefficient mua(n, m) and the current absorption coefficient μ'a(n,m)。
Then, whether a touch point exists is determined according to the initial absorption coefficient distribution and the current absorption coefficient distribution, and in the case that a touch point exists, the position of the touch point is acquired. Specifically, it may be determined whether a difference between the current absorption coefficient and the initial absorption coefficient at each position of the light guide element is greater than a predetermined threshold, and if so, it is determined that a touch point exists at a position where the difference is greater than the predetermined threshold.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment described herein, the touch point is detected with the amount of change therebetween based on the initial light field distribution and the current light field distribution, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The touch detection methods provided by the present disclosure may also employ other methods to detect touch points based on the initial and current light field distributions, such as their ratio, squared difference, or ratio of squared differences.
In the embodiments described herein, the light guided to the light guiding element is totally reflected at the upper and lower surfaces of the light guiding element, thereby forming a stable light field within the light guiding element. When a touch object or a finger does not touch the touch surface of the light guide element, the light field in the light guide element is not substantially changed, when the touch object or the finger touches the touch surface of the light guide element, a medium above the touch surface of the light guide element is changed, so that the total reflection condition is destroyed, light leaks out from the touch point, and thus the light field at the touch point is changed, and when a plurality of touch points exist, the light fields at the plurality of touch points are all changed. Therefore, an arbitrary plurality of touch points can be detected without occurrence of ghost points by detecting a change in the light field within the light guide element. In addition, in the data processing process, the resolution can be improved by finely dividing the light guide element, the finer the division is, the higher the resolution is,
the flow chart depicted in this disclosure is merely an example. There may be many variations to this flowchart or the steps described therein without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. For example, the steps may be performed in a differing order, or steps may be added, deleted or modified. Such variations are considered a part of the claimed aspects.
As used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms of words include the plural and vice versa, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, when reference is made to the singular, it is generally intended to include the plural of the corresponding term. Similarly, the terms "comprising" and "including" are to be construed as being inclusive rather than exclusive. Likewise, the terms "include" and "or" should be construed as inclusive unless such an interpretation is explicitly prohibited herein. Where the term "example" is used herein, particularly when it comes after a set of terms, it is merely exemplary and illustrative and should not be considered exclusive or comprehensive.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where appropriate, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. As such can be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the application, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the application.
Claims (11)
1. A touch screen, comprising:
a light guide element;
a light source disposed to face one side of the light guide element, light emitted from the light source being guided into the light guide element; and
a plurality of detectors disposed facing at least one side of the light-guiding element, the detectors configured to receive the light exiting the respective side of the light-guiding element.
2. The touch screen of claim 1,
the light guided into the light guide element propagates within the light guide element by total reflection to form a light field within the light guide element, and when there is a touch point on a touch surface of the light guide element, a total reflection condition is broken at the touch point, so that at least a portion of the light leaks out from the touch point, resulting in a change in the light field at the touch point.
3. The touch screen of claim 1, wherein the light source is a point light source.
4. The touch screen of claim 2, further comprising a light spreading element disposed between the light source and the light directing element.
5. The touch screen of claim 1, wherein the light source is an infrared or near-infrared light source and the detector is an infrared or near-infrared detector.
6. The touch screen of claim 1, wherein the light directing elements are rectangular light directing elements.
7. A touch screen according to claim 6, wherein the detector is provided on the side of the light-guiding element on which the light source is not provided.
8. A touch screen according to claim 6, wherein the detectors are arranged on four sides of the light-guiding element.
9. The touch screen of claim 1, wherein the light guide element is a planar light guide element or a curved light guide element.
10. A touch screen according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the light guide element is made of glass or a polymeric material.
11. A touch display device characterized by comprising a display panel and the touch screen according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the touch screen is provided on a display side of the display panel.
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| CN201621057244.4U CN206133521U (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2016-09-12 | Touch screen and touch display device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106406639A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-15 | 合肥京东方光电科技有限公司 | Touch screen, touch display device and touch detection method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106406639A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-15 | 合肥京东方光电科技有限公司 | Touch screen, touch display device and touch detection method |
| CN106406639B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2024-04-09 | 合肥京东方光电科技有限公司 | Touch screen, touch display device and touch detection method |
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