CN206074690U - The ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell - Google Patents
The ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN206074690U CN206074690U CN201621072321.3U CN201621072321U CN206074690U CN 206074690 U CN206074690 U CN 206074690U CN 201621072321 U CN201621072321 U CN 201621072321U CN 206074690 U CN206074690 U CN 206074690U
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Abstract
This utility model provides a kind of ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell, including fuel cell, voltage changer and control device, wherein, voltage changer includes the first coupling module, voltage transformation module and the second coupling module being sequentially connected；First coupling module is connected to the outfan of fuel cell, and the second coupling module is connected to output loading, and fuel cell, voltage transformation module and output loading are connected to control device；Control device calculates AC impedance corresponding with the forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation for the output current according to the fuel cell and output voltage.The ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell of the present utility model, without the need for disturbing signal source in parallel, circuit structure is simple, and control process is simple, reduces the cost of ac impedance measurement system；Simultaneously by arranging the first coupling module and the second coupling module, the step-up ratio of voltage transformation module is improve.
Description
Technical field
This utility model is related to technical field of new energy, more particularly to a kind of fuel cell for electric motor car
Ac impedance measurement system.
Background technology
As shown in figure 1, hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,
Abbreviation PEMFC) it is a kind of electrochemical appliance that chemical energy is directly converted to electric energy, its internal water state is for fuel cell
Performance has a large effect, but is difficult to the quantity of states such as direct measurement its internal water state based on existing sensor.
But with the progress of science and technology, it has been found that the Performance Characteristics of fuel cell can be entered with the direction of equivalent circuit
Row research, has certain corresponding relation between the impedance element in the working condition and equivalent circuit of fuel cell, therefore, fuel
The AC impedance of battery can reflect pile and single-piece inner state, thus can be with by the AC impedance for measuring pile and monolithic
Know its internal state, so as to be used for system control, improve the performance of fuel cell.
Fuel cell typically controls power output by boost DC-DC converter, to carry out the AC impedance of fuel cell
Analysis, it will usually a disturbing signal generator in parallel in DC-DC converter, is obtained by voltage acquisition and current acquisition
Signal is calculating the AC impedance of fuel cell, but said structure is complex.Further, it is also possible to directly be converted using DC-DC
Device device produces current disturbing signal, and measurement obtains fuel cell AC impedance, but such scheme needs the DC-DC for using to convert
Device is voltage-controlled based on carrying out to fuel cell, and control difficulty is larger.
Utility model content
In view of the ac resistance analysis method complex structure of above-mentioned fuel cell, controls the big problem of difficulty, this practicality is new
The purpose of type is the ac impedance measurement system for providing a kind of fuel cell, and simple structure, control process are easy.
For achieving the above object, this utility model is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell, including fuel cell, voltage changer and control device, its
In, the voltage changer includes the first coupling module, voltage transformation module and the second coupling module being sequentially connected；
First coupling module is connected to the outfan of fuel cell, and it is negative that second coupling module is connected to output
Carry, the fuel cell, the voltage transformation module and the output loading are connected to the control device；
The control device for when ac impedance measurement is carried out, according to default exchange current perturbation and DC reference
Electric current generates the first control signal of the running status for control voltage converting means, makes the output current of the fuel cell
Calculate and exchange disturbing for current perturbation comprising exchange current perturbation, and the output current according to the fuel cell and output voltage
The corresponding AC impedance of dynamic frequency.
Wherein in one embodiment, also include for monitoring the output voltage of each monolithic to be measured of the fuel cell
Voltage polling device；
The voltage measurement end of each monolithic of the fuel cell is connected to the voltage polling device, and the voltage is patrolled
Checking device is connected to the control device, and the control device is used to select monolithic to be measured, and controls the voltage polling device
The output voltage of the monolithic described to be measured that collection is selected.
Wherein in one embodiment, the voltage polling device includes monolithic gating module and signal processing module；
The monolithic gating module is connected with each monolithic of the fuel cell, for gathering the defeated of the monolithic to be measured
Go out voltage；The signal processing module is connected with the control device, for the output voltage of the monolithic to be measured is sent to
The control device.
Wherein in one embodiment, also include for detecting the voltage check device of the output voltage of the fuel cell
And for detecting the current sensing means of the output current of the fuel cell；
The voltage check device is connected to the outfan of the fuel cell, and the voltage check device is connected to described
Control device；The current sensing means is arranged in series in the outfan of the fuel cell, the current sensing means connection
To the control device.
Wherein in one embodiment, first coupling module includes the first coupled capacitor, first coupled capacitor
It is arranged in parallel the outfan in the fuel cell.
Wherein in one embodiment, second coupling module includes the second coupled capacitor and the 3rd coupled capacitor, institute
State the second coupled capacitor and the 3rd coupled capacitor is arranged in parallel the outfan in the voltage transformation module.
Wherein in one embodiment, the voltage changer is Boost step-up DCs/DC changers, Buck voltage-dropping types
DC/DC changers or DC/AC changers.
Wherein in one embodiment, the voltage changer is multiphase DC/DC changer；
Wherein the one of the multiphase DC/DC changer is mutually or multiphase includes the exchange current perturbation, the exchange disturbance
Amplitude of the amplitude of electric current less than the DC reference electric current.
Wherein in one embodiment, the control device is additionally operable to when ac impedance measurement is not carried out, according to default
DC reference electric current generate the second control signal of the running status for control voltage converting means, make the fuel cell
Output current be DC current.
The beneficial effects of the utility model：
The ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell of the present utility model, when needing to carry out ac impedance measurement, control
Device obtains exchange current perturbation according to the demand of ac impedance measurement, obtains DC reference according to the operation demand of output loading
Electric current, generates the first control of the running status for control voltage changer according to exchange current perturbation and DC reference electric current
Signal, the first control signal cause voltage transformation module to be operated in the output current comprising alternating current first for making fuel cell
State, so, as the output current of fuel cell is comprising exchange current perturbation, such that it is able to realize that the exchange of fuel cell hinders
Anti- test, without the need for disturbing signal source in parallel in test system of the present utility model, circuit structure is simple, and by goal-selling electricity
The running status of flow control voltage transformation module, control process are simple, reduce the cost of ac impedance measurement system.And
And, by the first coupling module and the second coupling module being respectively provided with the two ends of voltage transformation module, improve voltage transformation
The step-up ratio of module, improves the overall performance of voltage changer.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of an embodiment；
Equivalent circuit diagrams of the Fig. 2 for fuel cell；
AC impedance spectroscopies of the Fig. 3 for fuel cell；
System diagrams of the Fig. 4 for the ac impedance measurement system of the fuel cell of one embodiment of this utility model；
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of one embodiment of voltage changer in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the circuit structure diagram of one embodiment of voltage changer in Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the circuit structure diagram of another embodiment of voltage changer in Fig. 5；
Fig. 8 is the circuit structure diagram of one embodiment of voltage changer in Fig. 5；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of one embodiment of voltage polling device in Fig. 4；
Figure 10 is the output current and output voltage graph of a relation of fuel cell under unifrequency ac impedance measurement pattern.
Specific embodiment
In order that the technical solution of the utility model is clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to fuel of the present utility model electricity
The ac impedance measurement system in pond is described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only to
Explain that this utility model is not used to limit this utility model.It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, in the application
Feature in embodiment and embodiment can be mutually combined.
As shown in figure 4, the ac impedance measurement system of the fuel cell 100 of one embodiment of this utility model, including for
The fuel cell 100 of electric motor car, control device 300, voltage changer 200, voltage polling device 400, voltage check device
600 and current sensing means 500.Wherein, voltage check device 600 can be voltage sensor, and current sensing means 500 can be with
For current sensor or current transformer etc..Voltage changer 200, voltage polling device 400, voltage check device 600,
Current sensing means 500 and output loading are connected to control device 300.
Wherein, fuel cell 100 is connected to control device 300, control device 300 can control the startup of fuel cell or
Close, and the working condition of monitor in real time fuel cell 100.Fuel cell 100 can include one or more monolithics, above-mentioned list
Piece produces electric energy by chemical reaction.Each monolithic includes positive pole, negative pole and the electricity being arranged between positive pole and negative pole
Dielectric barrier.As shown in Fig. 2 each monolithic Performance Characteristics of fuel cell 100 can be with equivalent circuit come equivalent, the equivalent electric
Road includes nernst voltage ENernst, anode electric double layer capacitance Cdl,A, anode resistance Rf,A, negative electrode electric double layer capacitance Cdl,CA, negative electrode electricity
Resistance Rf,CAAnd proton exchange membrane resistance RΩ.Wherein, anode electric double layer capacitance Cdl,AWith anode resistance Rf,AIt is in parallel to form anode RC
Circuit, negative electrode electric double layer capacitance Cdl,CAWith cathode resistor Rf,CAIt is in parallel to form negative electrode RC circuits, nernst voltage ENernst, anode RC
Circuit, proton exchange membrane resistance RΩAnd negative electrode RC circuit connected in series is arranged.
Equivalent circuit corresponding AC impedance spectroscopies of the Fig. 3 for each monolithic of fuel cell 100, wherein, transverse axis ZreTable
Show impedance real part, longitudinal axis ZimImaginary impedance is represented, wherein,
ZFC(0)=RΩ+Rf,A+Rf,CA=Rint ernal (3)
Wherein, ZFC(ω) AC impedance of the monolithic of the fuel cell 100 is represented, ω represents the frequency of exchange current perturbation
Rate, j represent imaginary unit, Rint ernalRepresent that the monolithic output signal of the fuel cell 100 is shown when being direct current signal total
Internal resistance.
Therefore, understood according to Fig. 3 and above-mentioned formula (1)～(3), by detecting in the course of work of fuel cell 100
Each impedance in above-mentioned equivalent circuit can determine whether working environment state (such as the temperature, wet of each element in fuel cell 100
Degree etc.), so as to dynamically adjust the working environment state of above-mentioned fuel cell, to improve effect of the fuel cell.This enforcement
In example, above-mentioned fuel cell can be the power such as low-temperature protonic exchange film fuel battery, lithium ion battery or ferric phosphate lithium cell
Battery, certainly, above-mentioned fuel cell 100 can also be using super capacitor etc..
In the present embodiment, control device 300 can be determined with the type of fuel cell 100.For example, the control is filled
It can be to include hydrogen gas system, air system, cooling system, recovery system, temperature/humiditydetection detection system etc. to put 300.At other
In embodiment, when fuel cell 100 is Li-ion batteries piles, the control device 300 can be lithium ion battery managing device.
The input of voltage changer 200 is connected to the outfan of fuel cell 100, voltage changer 200 it is defeated
Go out end and be connected to output loading 700, in the present embodiment, output loading 700 can be the dynamical system of electric motor car.As shown in figure 5,
Voltage changer 200 includes the first coupling module 210, voltage transformation module 220 and the second coupling module being sequentially connected
230, i.e. the first coupling module 210 are connected between the input of outfan and voltage transformation module 220 of fuel cell 100,
The outfan of voltage transformation module 220 is connected to the second coupling module 230, and the outfan of the second coupling module 230 is connected to electricity
On the power bus of motor-car.As shown in figure 8, the first coupling module 210 can include being connected to the of the outfan of fuel cell
One coupled capacitor C0, the second coupling module 230 are connected to the outfan of voltage transformation module 220, can wrap the second coupled capacitor
C5 and the 3rd coupled capacitor C6, by arranging the first coupling module 210 and the second coupling module 230, it is possible to increase voltage transformation
The step-up ratio of module 220, improves the voltage coupling performance between voltage transformation module 220 and fuel cell or output loading etc..
Meanwhile, voltage changer 200 is connected to control device 300, and specifically, voltage transformation module 220 is connected to control
Device processed 300, control device 300 is for the operation demand (i.e. electrical demand of the dynamical system of electric motor car etc.) according to electric motor car
And/or the running status of the testing requirement control voltage changer 220 of ac impedance measurement.In the present embodiment, control device 300
The running status of DC reference electric current and/or exchange current perturbation control voltage changer 220 can be passed through, to control fuel electricity
The output current in pond, realizes the control of the running status to voltage changer by electric current, and control process is simple.
Specifically, include switching device in voltage changer 220, switching device is connected to control device 300, control dress
300 on or off that can pass through controlling switch device are put, with the running status of control voltage conversion module 220.Wherein, such as
Shown in Fig. 6 to Fig. 8, voltage transformation module 220 can be converted for Boost step-up DCs/DC changers, Buck voltage-dropping types DC/DC
Device or DC/AC changers, multiphase DC/DC changer or multiphase DC/AC changer, control device 300 are connected to above-mentioned changer
In switching device.
In the present embodiment, the running status of voltage transformation module 220 can include first state and the second state, work as voltage
When conversion module 220 operates in first state, the output current of fuel cell 100 includes exchanging current perturbation and DC reference electricity
Stream, i.e., operation of fuel cells is in ac impedance measurement pattern.Now, control device 300 can be according to the operation demand of electric motor car
DC reference electric current is obtained, by forcing frequency and disturbance width that exchange current perturbation is obtained according to the testing requirement of AC impedance
Value, and current perturbation is exchanged with disturbance amplitude calculating acquisition according to forcing frequency.
As shown in figure 4, control device 300 includes control signal generation module and AC impedance computing module, control device
300 control signal generation module can be generated according to exchange current perturbation and DC reference Current calculation and be become for control voltage
First control signal of the working condition of mold changing block 220, wherein, the first control signal can be the PWM of variable duty ratio
(Pulse Wavelength Modulation, pulse width modulation) signal, is become by the first control signal control voltage and is changed the mold
The time of the on and off of 220 breaker in middle device of block so that comprising exchange disturbance in the output current of voltage transformation module 220
Electric current, so as to be superimposed exchange current perturbation on the basis of the DC current that exports in fuel cell so that fuel cell it is defeated
Go out comprising exchange current perturbation in electric current, such that it is able to carry out ac impedance measurement to fuel cell.Now, fuel cell 100
Output voltage on can also produce accordingly with the voltage corresponding signal for exchanging current perturbation, wherein, unifrequency ac impedance measurement
The relation of the output current of fuel cell and corresponding output voltage under pattern, as shown in Figure 10.
The AC impedance computing module of control device 300 can be with the output current of fuel cell 100 and output voltage
AC impedance corresponding with the forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation is calculated, its calculation may refer to described above.This
In embodiment, the outfan being arranged in parallel in 100 fuel cells of voltage check device 600, voltage check device 600 are connected to
Control device 300；Current sensing means 500 is arranged in series in the outfan of fuel cell 100, and current sensing means 500 connects
To control device 300.Therefore, the output current of fuel cell 100 can be obtained by current sensing means 500, fuel cell
100 output voltage can be obtained by voltage check device 600.
Further, exchange current perturbation forcing frequency and disturbance amplitude be can control value, control device 300 can adjust
The forcing frequency of section exchange current perturbation simultaneously determines the corresponding disturbance amplitude of the forcing frequency, so as to according to forcing frequency and disturbance
Amplitude determines default exchange current perturbation.Control device 300 is additionally operable to disturbance amplitude and the disturbance for changing exchange current perturbation
Frequency, updates exchange current perturbation, according to output current and the output of the corresponding fuel cell of exchange current perturbation 100 for updating
Power supply calculates AC impedance corresponding with the forcing frequency after renewal, to obtain the ac impedance spectroscopy of fuel cell 100.So
By the forcing frequency for changing exchange current perturbation, and measure AC impedance of the fuel cell 100 at different forcing frequencies
The spectrogram of AC impedance can be drawn out.Foregoing circuit simple structure, highly versatile, reduce ac impedance measurement system
Cost.
Specifically, when operation of fuel cells is in ac impedance measurement pattern, the first control signal control voltage becomes mold changing
Block 220 operates in first state, comprising exchange current perturbation in the output current of voltage transformation module 220, therefore, fuel cell
100 output current includes exchanging current perturbation and DC reference electric current, i.e.,
Wherein, I represents the output current of fuel cell, I1Represent DC reference electric current, I2Represent exchange current perturbation, A tables
Show the disturbance amplitude of exchange current perturbation, f represents the forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation,Represent the initial of exchange current perturbation
Phase angle, t express times.
The forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation can be unifrequency, or multi-frequency.When disturbing for exchange current perturbation
When dynamic frequency is multi-frequency, current perturbation I is exchanged2Calculation it is as follows：
Wherein, A1WithRespectively forcing frequency f1Corresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase, A2WithFrequency is disturbed respectively
Rate f2Corresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase, A1WithRespectively forcing frequency f1Corresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase, AN
WithRespectively forcing frequency fNCorresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase.In the present embodiment, current perturbation I is exchanged2Any
Disturbance amplitude and forcing frequency at frequency can be set by control device 300, you can with by control device 300
Realize the on-line control of the disturbance amplitude and forcing frequency to exchanging current perturbation.Therefore, when exchange current perturbation is multi-frequency
When, control device 300 determines the corresponding amplitude of each forcing frequency and initial phase first, afterwards, is calculated according to above-mentioned formula
Obtain exchange current perturbation I2。
Further, exchange the amplitude of the amplitude less than DC reference electric current of current perturbation, it is ensured that voltage transformation module
220 input current is more than 0, to ensure that voltage transformation module 220 can be with normal work.When exchange current perturbation is multi-frequency
When, the amplitude that amplitude of the current perturbation at each frequency should be less than DC reference electric current is exchanged, that is, exchanges current perturbation
Maximum amplitude should be less than the amplitude of DC reference electric current, to ensure that the voltage transformation module 220 can be with normal work.
When voltage transformation module 220 operates in the second state, the output current of voltage transformation module 220 is unidirectional current
Stream, thus the output current of fuel cell 100 be DC current, i.e. operation of fuel cells in non-alternating testing impedance pattern.This
When, control device 300 obtains DC reference electric current according to the operation demand of vehicle, and generates the second control according to DC reference electric current
Signal processed, the second control signal control voltage conversion module 220 are operated in the second state so that the output current of fuel cell is
DC current.
In one embodiment, voltage polling device 400 is connected to fuel cell 100, for monitoring fuel cell 100
The output voltage of each monolithic, voltage polling device 400 are connected with control device 300, in the present embodiment, control device 300 with
Voltage polling device 400 is connected by bus, and the output voltage of each monolithic for detecting is sent to by voltage polling device 400
Control device 300.As shown in figure 9, voltage polling device 400 includes monolithic gating module 410 and signal processing module 420, combustion
The voltage measurement end of each monolithic of material battery 100 is connected to the monolithic gating module 410 of voltage polling device 400, control
Device 300 is used to select monolithic to be measured, and monolithic gating module 410 is for selected according to the collection of the control signal of control device 300
Monolithic to be measured output voltage.Signal processing module 420 is connected to control device 300, for having gathered a number for the treatment of
After surveying the output voltage of monolithic, the output voltage of the monolithic multiple to be measured for obtaining is sent to into control device 300.Specifically, believe
The output voltage of the monolithic multiple to be measured for detecting is sent to control device 300 by communication bus by number processing module 420.It is single
Piece gating module 410 and signal processing module 420 can be made up of electronic circuit.
In the present embodiment, the voltage sample speed of voltage polling device 400 is up to kilohertz, thus the present embodiment
Ac impedance measurement system can measure the voltage signal in relative broad range frequency range, hinder such that it is able to improve the alternating-current measurement
The versatility of anti-test system.
In other embodiments, control device 300 can gather the defeated of multiple monolithics simultaneously with control voltage inspection device 400
Go out voltage.For example, monolithic gating module can gate one or more monolithics to be measured according to the control signal of control device 300,
Voltage polling device 400 can be realized synchronizing the output voltage of each monolithic to be measured sampling, so improve fuel cell
100 ac impedance measurement efficiency.When control device 300 gates multiple monolithics of fuel cell simultaneously, then voltage polling is filled
Put for monitoring the output voltage of the fuel cell, at this point it is possible to carry out ac impedance measurement to the fuel cell.Thus, this
In embodiment, by arranging voltage polling device, can not only realize carrying out AC impedance survey to each monolithic of fuel cell
Examination, can also carry out ac impedance measurement to whole fuel cell.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, voltage transformation module 220 can be Boost step-up DCs/DC changers,
Including inductance L1, diode D1, switching device G1 and electric capacity C1, wherein, switching device G1 can be managed for IGBT
(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor), metal-oxide-semiconductor (metal-oxide
Semiconductor, field-effect transistor) or BJT pipe (Bipolar Junction Transistor, bipolar junction transistor
Pipe) etc..One end of inductance L1 is connected to the cathode output end of fuel cell, and the other end of inductance L1 is connected to diode D1's
Anode, the negative electrode of diode D1 are connected to the positive terminal of output loading.The colelctor electrode of switching device G1 is connected to inductance L1 and two
Common port between pole pipe D1, the emitter stage of switching device G1 are connected to the cathode output end of fuel cell, switching device G1's
Gate pole is connected to control device 300, the on and off of 300 controlling switch device G1 of control device.Electric capacity C1 and output loading
700 are arranged in parallel, i.e. one end of electric capacity C1 is connected to the negative electrode of diode D1, and the other end of electric capacity C1 connects the negative of output loading
Extremely.
When switching device G1 is turned on, the electric current that input power is produced flows through inductance L1, according to the physical characteristics of inductance, stream
The electric current of Jing inductance L1 is linearly increasing, and in inductance L1, inductance L1 and switching device G1 forms conducting loop to electrical power storage, now
The anode of diode D1 is connected between the cathode output end of fuel cell and the positive terminal of output loading, and diode D1 reversely cuts
Only.When switching device G1 is changed into shut-off from conducting, according to the physical characteristics of inductance, flow through inductance L1 electric current can not produce it is prominent
Become, so as to produce electromotive force, the direction of electromotive force is identical with the direction of input power, and the electric energy being stored in inductance L1 is constantly released
Put, charged to electric capacity C1 by diode D1, now inductance L1, diode D1 and electric capacity C1 form loop.When periodically control
When switching device G1 conductings processed are with turning off, you can realize that energy is transmitted from fuel cell to output loading 700.Control device 300
Exchange disturbing signal can be produced by controlling switch device G1 on or off state not in the same time.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, voltage transformation module 220 can also be become using Buck voltage-dropping types DC/DC
Parallel operation, including switching device G2, inductance L2, diode D2 and electric capacity C2, wherein, switching device G2 can be managed for IGBT
(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor), metal-oxide-semiconductor (metal-oxide
Semiconductor, field-effect transistor) or BJT pipe (Bipolar Junction Transistor, bipolar junction transistor
Pipe) etc..The gate pole of switching device G2 is connected to control device 300, and the colelctor electrode of switching device G2 is connected to fuel cell
Cathode output end, is connected to the positive terminal of output loading after the emitter series inductance L2 of switching device G2, out-put supply and defeated
Enter power supply negative pole altogether.The anode of diode D2 is connected to the negative pole end of output loading, and the negative electrode of diode D2 is connected to derailing switch
Corresponding common port between the emitter stage of part G2 and inductance L2.Electric capacity C2 is arranged in parallel with output loading 700, i.e. the one of electric capacity C2
End is connected to inductance L1, and the other end of electric capacity C2 is connected to the positive pole of diode D2.
When 300 controlling switch device G2 of control device is turned on, the negative electrode of diode D2 is connected to the positive pole of fuel cell
Outfan, the anode of diode D2 are connected to the cathode output end of fuel cell, diode D2 cut-offs.Fuel cell 100 passes through
Switching device G2 charges to inductance L2.When 300 controlling switch device G2 of control device is closed, inductance L2 charges to electric capacity C2,
So as to realize transmission of the energy from fuel cell 100 to output loading.
In other embodiments, as shown in figure 8, voltage transformation module 220 can also be to include multiphase DC/DC changer,
Wherein the one of multiphase DC/DC changer is mutually or multiphase includes the exchange current perturbation.Multiphase DC/DC changer shown in Fig. 8
For four phase DC/DC changers, four phase DC/DC changers are connected between the first coupling module 210 and the second coupling module 230.
In other embodiments, multiphase DC/DC changer can also be the DC/DC changer or DC/AC changers of more than four phases.
Wherein, the first phasing commutator includes inductance L3, diode D3, switching device G3 and electric capacity C3 composition, inductance L3's
One end is connected to the cathode output end of fuel cell, is just being connected to output loading after the other end series diode D3 of inductance L3
Extremely, the colelctor electrode of switching device G3 is connected to the common port of inductance L3 and diode D3, the emitter stage connection of switching device G3
To the cathode output end of fuel cell, the base stage of switching device G3 is connected to control device 300, and control device 300 is used to control
The on or off of switching device G3.
Second phasing commutator includes inductance L4, diode D4, switching device G4 and electric capacity C3 composition, and one end of inductance L4 connects
The cathode output end of fuel cell is connected to, the positive terminal of output loading after the other end series diode D4 of inductance L4, is connected to,
The colelctor electrode of switching device G4 is connected to the common port of inductance L4 and diode D4, and the emitter stage of switching device G4 is connected to fuel
The cathode output end of battery, the base stage of switching device G4 are connected to control device 300, and control device 300 is used for controlling switch device
The on or off of part G4.Electric capacity C3 is connected between fuel cell anode outfan and the positive terminal of output loading.
Third phase changer includes inductance L5, diode D5, switching device G5 and electric capacity C4 composition, and one end of inductance L5 connects
The cathode output end of fuel cell is connected to, the other end of inductance L5 is connected to the negative electrode of diode D5, and the anode of diode D5 connects
The negative pole end of output loading is connected to, the colelctor electrode of switching device G5 is connected to the cathode output end of fuel cell, switching device G5
Emitter stage be connected to the negative electrode of diode D5, the base stage of switching device G5 is connected to control device 300, and control device 300 is used
In the on or off of controlling switch device G5.
4th phasing commutator includes inductance L6, diode D6, switching device G6 and electric capacity C4 composition, and one end of inductance L6 connects
The cathode output end of fuel cell is connected to, the other end of inductance L6 is connected to the negative electrode of diode D6, and the anode of diode D6 connects
The negative pole end of output loading is connected to, the colelctor electrode of switching device G6 is connected to the cathode output end of fuel cell, switching device G6
Emitter stage be connected to the negative electrode of diode D6, the base stage of switching device G6 is connected to control device 300, and control device 300 is used
In the on or off of controlling switch device G6.Electric capacity C4 is connected to the cathode output end of fuel cell and the negative pole of output loading
Between end.
Wherein, wherein in four phase DC/DC changers is mutually or multiphase is comprising exchange current perturbation, for example, only first
The switching device G3 conductings of phasing commutator so that the first phasing commutator includes exchange current perturbation, it is of course also possible to be the first phase
The switching device G4 of the switching device G3 and the second phasing commutator of changer is simultaneously turned on, now, the first phasing commutator and second
Comprising current perturbation is exchanged in phasing commutator, by that analogy.The operation principle of each phasing commutator can be found in the DC/ shown in Fig. 6
The operation principle of DC changers, here is omitted.
The operation principle of the ac impedance measurement system of the present embodiment is specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
1) non-alternating testing impedance pattern：
When control device 300 judges not carry out ac resistance analysis, control device 300 controls the electricity according to output loading
Amount demand (operation demand of electric motor car) obtains DC reference electric current, and is generated for controlling electricity according to DC reference Current calculation
Second control signal of pressure conversion module 220, the output current of the second control signal control voltage conversion module 220 is unidirectional current
Stream so that the output current of fuel cell is DC current.Simultaneously by voltage polling device 400 to each of fuel cell 100
The voltage of individual monolithic is monitored, by being monitored to the output current of fuel cell 100 to current sensing means 500, from
And can realize testing the various operating conditions of fuel cell 100.
2) ac impedance measurement pattern
When control device 300 judges to carry out ac resistance analysis, electrical demand of the control device 300 according to output loading
(operation demand of electric motor car) obtains DC reference electric current, and selectes forcing frequency and disturbance according to the demand of ac impedance measurement
Amplitude, obtains exchange current perturbation, wherein, the amplitude for exchanging current perturbation is consistently less than the amplitude of DC reference electric current.Then
The first control signal for control voltage conversion module 220 is generated according to exchange current perturbation and DC reference Current calculation,
Wherein, pwm signal of first control signal for variable duty ratio, opening in the first control signal control voltage conversion module 220
Break-over of device is closed, voltage transformation module 220 is operated in first state, and the first control signal passes through control voltage conversion module 220
The on and off of breaker in middle device so that comprising exchange current perturbation in the output current of voltage transformation module 220, so that
Exchange current perturbation is included in obtaining the output current of fuel cell, i.e., on the basis of the DC reference electric current of fuel cell output
An exchange current perturbation has been superimposed, in order to ac impedance measurement be carried out to fuel cell.So output of fuel cell 100
Electric current contain one exchange current perturbation, and the output voltage of fuel cell 100 can also produce accordingly with exchange current perturbation
Voltage response signal.
Now, the output voltage of the selected monolithic to be measured of fuel cell 100 is detected by voltage check device 600, and
By the output current of 500 synchronous detecting of current sensing means monolithic to be measured, and the output current of monolithic to be measured is sent to into control
Device processed 300.After the output voltage for having gathered a number of monolithic to be measured, voltage polling device 400 is electric by above-mentioned output
Pressure is sent to control device 300.
The output voltage and output current of the monolithic multiple to be measured for collecting are carried out signal processing by control device 300, meter
Calculate the AC impedance at the forcing frequency of current exchange current perturbation.Afterwards, control device 300 changes exchange current perturbation
Forcing frequency and disturbance amplitude, obtain the exchange current perturbation for updating, and are calculated in the exchange disturbance for updating according to aforesaid way
AC impedance at the forcing frequency of electric current.By the corresponding AC impedance of multiple different forcing frequencies, exchange resistance can be drawn
Anti- spectrogram.
The ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell of the present utility model, when needing to carry out ac impedance measurement, control
Device obtains exchange current perturbation according to the demand of ac impedance measurement, obtains DC reference according to the operation demand of output loading
Electric current, generates the first control of the running status for control voltage changer according to exchange current perturbation and DC reference electric current
Signal, the first control signal cause voltage changer to be operated in and make first shape of the output current of fuel cell comprising alternating current
State, so, as the output current of fuel cell is comprising exchange current perturbation, such that it is able to realize the AC impedance of fuel cell
Test, without the need for disturbing signal source in parallel in test system of the present utility model, circuit structure is simple, and passes through goal-selling electric current
The running status of control voltage changer, control process are simple, reduce the cost of ac impedance measurement system.Also,
By the first coupling module and the second coupling module being respectively provided with the two ends of voltage transformation module, improve voltage transformation module
Step-up ratio, improve the overall performance of voltage changer.
Embodiment described above only expresses several embodiments of the present utility model, and its description is more concrete and detailed,
But therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to this utility model the scope of the claims.It should be pointed out that common for this area
For technical staff, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, some deformations and improvement can also be made, these all belong to
In protection domain of the present utility model.Therefore, the protection domain of this utility model patent should be defined by claims.
Claims (9)
1. the ac impedance measurement system of a kind of fuel cell, it is characterised in that including fuel cell, voltage changer and control
Device processed, wherein, the voltage changer includes the first coupling module, voltage transformation module and the second coupling being sequentially connected
Matched moulds block；
First coupling module is connected to the outfan of the fuel cell, and it is negative that second coupling module is connected to output
Carry, the fuel cell, the voltage transformation module and the output loading are connected to the control device；
The control device for when ac impedance measurement is carried out, according to default exchange current perturbation and DC reference electric current
The first control signal of the running status for control voltage changer is generated, and the output current of the fuel cell is made comprising friendship
Flow disturbance electric current, and the output current according to the fuel cell and output voltage calculating and the forcing frequency for exchanging current perturbation
Corresponding AC impedance.
2. the ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include for monitoring
The voltage polling device of the output voltage of each monolithic to be measured of the fuel cell；
The voltage measurement end of each monolithic of the fuel cell is connected to the voltage polling device, the voltage polling dress
Put and be connected to the control device, the control device is used to select monolithic to be measured, and controls the voltage polling device collection
The output voltage of selected monolithic described to be measured.
3. the ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the voltage polling dress
Put including monolithic gating module and signal processing module；
The monolithic gating module is connected with each monolithic of the fuel cell, for gathering the output electricity of the monolithic to be measured
Pressure；The signal processing module is connected with the control device, described for the output voltage of the monolithic to be measured is sent to
Control device.
4. the ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include for detecting
The voltage check device of the output voltage of the fuel cell and the electric current for detecting the output current of the fuel cell are examined
Survey device；
The voltage check device is connected to the outfan of the fuel cell, and the voltage check device is connected to the control
Device；The current sensing means is arranged in series in the outfan of the fuel cell, and the current sensing means is connected to institute
State control device.
5. the ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first coupled mode
Block includes the first coupled capacitor, and first coupled capacitor is arranged in parallel the outfan in the fuel cell.
6. the ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that second coupled mode
Block includes that the second coupled capacitor and the 3rd coupled capacitor, second coupled capacitor and the 3rd coupled capacitor are arranged in parallel
The outfan of the voltage transformation module.
7. the ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the voltage changer
For Boost step-up DCs/DC changers, Buck voltage-dropping type DC/DC changers or DC/AC changers.
8. the ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the voltage changer
For multiphase DC/DC changer；
Wherein the one of the multiphase DC/DC changer is mutually or multiphase includes the exchange current perturbation, the exchange current perturbation
Amplitude less than the DC reference electric current amplitude.
9. the ac impedance measurement system of fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the control device is also
For when ac impedance measurement is not carried out, the operation for control voltage changer being generated according to default DC reference electric current
Second control signal of state, the output current for making the fuel cell are DC current.
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