CN206010143U - A kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system - Google Patents
A kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206010143U CN206010143U CN201620909155.1U CN201620909155U CN206010143U CN 206010143 U CN206010143 U CN 206010143U CN 201620909155 U CN201620909155 U CN 201620909155U CN 206010143 U CN206010143 U CN 206010143U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sand
- rising head
- crucible
- running gate
- gate system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn - After Issue
Links
Landscapes
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system, and the system includes sand mo(u)ld, the crucible body being arranged on above the sand mo(u)ld crucible cover mated with crucible body, the shunting plug being arranged on inside sand mo(u)ld and the base plate for being arranged on sand mo(u)ld bottom；The system response crucible and runner system design liquid slagging-off structure, take into full account purification die cavity molten steel purity；The system crucible top cover adopts aerodynamic arrangement, dredges the high-temperature gas of reaction and stops the solid splash of high-temperature liquid；The rising head connection of the system sand mo(u)ld bottom two, strengthens feeding a casting ability.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to rail aluminum weld technical field, specifically a kind of rail aluminum weld cast system
System.
Background technology
With the development of railway traffic transport service, the usage amount of rail aluminum weld product grows with each passing day；Aluminum weld is
The common method of seamless track steel rail welding, aluminium powder, brown iron oxide and ferroalloy etc. is matched somebody with somebody by a certain percentage and is combined into exothermic welding
, after high temperature is lighted in the Single-use crucible, there is fierce chemical reaction, release substantial amounts of heat, form high temperature aluminothermy molten steel in agent,
Molten steel is injected in the welding sand mold die cavity of preheating, high-temperature molten steel is by specially designed sand mold, melt portions rail end to be welded
Rail to be welded is unified into an entirety after cooled and solidified by face.Aluminum weld have simple, easy to use equipment, economical and efficient,
Safe and reliable, the advantages of be not required to extraneous power supply, be widely used in the welding of gapless track.
Single-use crucible, shunting plug and sand mo(u)ld are three big key elements of the running gate system of rail aluminum weld.Single-use crucible
Need to carry thermit reaction thermal effect at high temperature, it is ensured that under severe thermal shock, crucible does not rupture bleed-out liquid；Steel rail welding line is not affected
The chemical composition of metal, microscopic structure and mechanical property.Contoured mold die of the sand mold as rail type during cast welding, Welded Joints
Flange of rail quality plays vital impact.Flow direction of the shunting plug in guiding molten steel, reduces percussion of the molten steel to sand mold.
When in prior art, Single-use crucible is used, existence and stability is poor, and the security of welding process is relatively low.Steel in crucible
Liquid only relies on fluid density difference and realizes that molten steel is separated with slag liquid.In casting process, shunting plug bears greater impact, in die cavity
Internal cause shunting plug guiding molten steel flow direction causes molten steel mutually to clash into generation splashing.Sand mold bottom easily produces surface pores, affects
The performance of weld seam.
Utility model content
There is potential safety hazard and MOLTEN STEEL FLOW process in thermit reaction for above-mentioned existing rail aluminum weld product
Middle shortage clearly slagging-off structure, and its bring the quality problems of welding point, the utility model to provide a kind of rail exothermic welding
Connect running gate system.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is：
A kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system, the system include sand mo(u)ld, the crucible body being arranged on above sand mo(u)ld and earthenware
The crucible cover of crucible Ontology Matching, the shunting plug being arranged on inside sand mo(u)ld and it is arranged on the base plate of sand mo(u)ld bottom；
The sand mo(u)ld is polyhedral structure；Including top surface, bottom surface and the solder side being connected between top surface and bottom surface；Described
Solder side include two facades；Described sand mo(u)ld is provided with big rising head and little rising head；Big rising head is located at the outside of little rising head, and two
Individual Riser Dimensions are that big bottom is little, and described little rising head is connected with described solder side by cross gate；Little rising head with big
Rising head is connected in sand mo(u)ld bottom, and the joint face of little rising head and big rising head is with the horizontal 10 ° ~ 60 ° angles；
Crucible body top wall thickness gradually increases；It is recessed with multiple arcs in the crucible body inner bottom surface,
Bottom center offers taper from fused plug support level, and described multiple arcs sunk structure is along from fused plug hole center circumferential point
Cloth, and arc-shaped recess bottom is to from the inclination of fused plug hole center position.
The crucible cover is the frustum structure in flaring footpath from top to bottom, and the top of crucible cover is arc arcuate configuration, earthenware
Multiple support arms are along the circumferential direction provided with the inwall of crucible lid, and the top of the support arm is connected with the top of crucible cover；Institute
State；Center at the top of crucible cover is provided with through hole；The top of crucible cover
Portion's inner surface is provided with the multiple guiding gutters II along through hole circle distribution.
Described shunting plug is that central raised both sides depression arcuate structure, curved surface are smoothly connected, and depression lowest order is higher than to divide
The height of stream two inclines of plug, shunting plug are located in the cavity that sand mo(u)ld top is formed, by the ramp structure fixation point on sand mo(u)ld top
Stream plug, guides molten steel to enter sand mo(u)ld bottom die cavity by the space between inclined-plane and shunting plug.
The big rising head cross section is that circle, little rising head are ellipse.
The plug hole of the crucible body is located at the top at shunting plug center, makes cast liquid in cast by shunting plug
Uniformly disperse to both sides.
Described multiple guiding gutters I and multiple support arm interval settings.
The plurality of guiding gutter II and multiple support arm interval settings.
Along the circumferential direction be uniformly provided with the inwall of the crucible cover 4 support arms, 12 guiding gutters I, and support arm with
Angle between both sides adjacent guides groove I is 15 °.
4 support arms, the top inner surface of the crucible cover are along the circumferential direction uniformly provided with the inwall of the crucible cover
There are 4 guiding gutters II along the distribution of through hole even circumferential, and the angle between each guiding gutter II and support arm is 45 °.
The beneficial effects of the utility model：
The rail aluminum weld running gate system that the utility model is provided, the system response crucible and runner system design liquid
Body slagging-off structure, takes into full account purification die cavity molten steel purity；The system crucible top cover adopts aerodynamic arrangement, dredges the high temperature of reaction
Gas and the solid splash of stop high-temperature liquid；The rising head connection of the system sand mo(u)ld bottom two, strengthens feeding a casting ability；
Big rising head and little rising head are set on sand mo(u)ld, and little rising head is connected with solder side by cross gate；Little rising head with big
In sand mo(u)ld bottom surface UNICOM, molten steel branches to both sides sprue channel open through shunting plug and flows into die cavity rising head, mixes gravel etc. miscellaneous
The molten steel of matter flow to sand mo(u)ld bottom and flows up to the little rising head of both sides and big rising head, and its medium and small rising head is connected with big rising head bottom
And section is oblique with the horizontal 10 ° ~ 60 °, the structure can increase the effective area of steel impurities in water floating, reduce flange of rail angle table
The pore in face, it is ensured that the impurity major part in molten steel is crossed the little rising head in inner side and flowed up while providing the flange of rail through the big rising head in outside
Feeding function and minimizing flange of rail stress concentration, the middle part of little rising head connect to form cross gate with sand mo(u)ld die cavity, and cross gate both included
Running channel effect is acted on comprising rising head again, can provide feeding function for rail head side；
Arc-shaped recess structure is set in crucible bottom, and bottom centre opens up taper from fused plug support level structure, arc
The extreme lower position of sunk structure then guarantees that liquid almost all flows into die cavity, it is to avoid metal waste away from closest from fused plug hole；
Arc-shaped recess structure is apsacline structure with horizontal direction, dredges impulsive force of the thermit reaction to bottom, and molten steel is through arc-shaped recess
Structure to flow from fused plug hole when, form local convection field, liquid internal each component is well mixed, without into segregation after tissue coagulation
Collect, segregation is organized, while waste residue floats beneficial to slagging-off in convection process, and due to local convection field, beneficial to reduction motlten metal
Unit volume kinetic energy when liquid flows out, beneficial to mitigation to sand mo(u)ld and the impact strength of shunting plug；Taper from fused plug structure, accurately
Control molten steel delivery time and speed, improve the safe class and welding quality of course of reaction；
Crucible cover is provided in round frustum structure, and support arm, guiding gutter are set on lid pot cover, thermit reaction occurs
When, the impulsive force of high-temperature gas and the solid impurity of liquid to crucible cover generation high speed and high pressure, this design can ensure that crucible cover
Intensity when thermit reaction is fierce, improves Welding Safety performance, simultaneously because the reaction force of impulsive force, promotes inside crucible
Fluidity molten steel, floats beneficial to slag liquid in molten steel, purifies liquid degree of purity；
Shunting plug is set to central raised both sides depression arcuate structure, curved surface is smoothly connected, and depression lowest order is higher than to divide
The height of stream two inclines of plug, shunting plug are located in the cavity that sand mo(u)ld top is formed, by the oblique of sand mo(u)ld top in running gate system
Face structure fixes shunting plug, guides molten steel to enter sand mo(u)ld bottom die cavity, molten steel in crucible by the space between inclined-plane and shunting plug
When flowing through shunting plug, the structure can effectively reduce the kinetic energy of aluminothermy molten steel so that liquid is full of die cavity uniformly through ingate,
Alleviate impulsive force of the liquid to shunting plug simultaneously, weaken and shunting plug gravel is washed away, reduce the sand content in aluminothermy molten steel, right
Improve welding casting quality and play important impact；
Outstanding advantages of the present utility model are to improve metal liquid uniformity, crystal grain refinement, solidified structure compactness, slagging-off
Performance and Welding Safety, in addition with easy to carry, be hardly damaged, after use without the need for reclaiming and the advantages of non-environmental-pollution.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 the utility model structural representations；
Fig. 2 the utility model structure sectional views；
Fig. 3 the utility model shunting plug schematic diagrames；
Fig. 4 the utility model crucible cover schematic diagrames；
Fig. 5 the utility model crucible body schematic diagrames；
Fig. 6 the utility model sand mo(u)ld top views；
Fig. 7 the utility model sand mo(u)ld sectional views；
Fig. 8 the utility model sand mo(u)ld vertical section schematic diagrames；
Fig. 9 the utility model running gate system pours into a mould schematic diagram one；
Figure 10 the utility model running gate system pours into a mould schematic diagram two；
Reference：1st, crucible cover, 2, crucible body, 3, shunting plug, 4, sand mo(u)ld, 5, base plate, 6, camber top cover, 7, water conservancy diversion
Groove I, 8, support arm, 9, guiding gutter II, 10, top, 11, bottom, 12, arc-shaped recess, 13, support level, 14, rising head bottom,
15th, both sides sprue channel open, 16, little rising head, 17, cross gate, 18, big rising head, 19, depression arc.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is further elaborated with reference to specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, it is the utility model overall structure diagram, the system includes sand mo(u)ld 4, is arranged on sand mo(u)ld 4
The crucible cover 1 mated with crucible body 2 of crucible body 2 of top, the shunting plug 3 being arranged on inside sand mo(u)ld 4 and it is arranged on sand mo(u)ld
The base plate 5 of 4 bottoms.
As shown in figure 3, for the shunting plug 3 of the utility model rail aluminum weld running gate system, shunting plug 3 is central raised
Both sides depression arcuate structure, curved surface are smoothly connected, and 19 lowest order of depression arc is higher than shunting plug both sides, and shunting plug 3 is in cast system
It is located in system in the cavity that sand mo(u)ld top is formed, shunting plug 3 is fixed by the ramp structure on sand mo(u)ld top, by inclined-plane and shunting
Space guiding molten steel between plug 3 enters sand mo(u)ld bottom die cavity, and when in crucible, molten steel flows through shunting plug, the structure effectively can reduce
The kinetic energy of aluminothermy molten steel so that liquid is full of die cavity uniformly through ingate, while alleviating impulsive force of the liquid to shunting plug, subtracts
Weak shunting plug gravel is washed away, reduce aluminothermy molten steel in sand content, to improve welding casting quality play important impact.
As shown in figure 4, the crucible cover 1 of the utility model rail aluminum weld running gate system is circular frustum structure, section
For circle, the built-in top cover of camber upwards 6 above crucible cover.Crucible cover inwall is uniformly distributed 12 guiding gutters I 7, support arm 8 and phase
15 degree of I 7 angle of adjacent guiding gutter；Top cover inwall is uniformly distributed 4 guiding gutters II 9, each guiding gutter II 9 and 8 angle 45 of support arm
Degree；During generation thermit reaction, the impulsive force of high-temperature gas and the solid impurity of liquid to crucible cover generation high speed and high pressure, this design
Intensity of the crucible cover when thermit reaction is fierce is can ensure that, Welding Safety performance is improved, simultaneously because the reaction of impulsive force
Power, promotes fluidity molten steel inside crucible body, floats beneficial to slag liquid in molten steel, purifies liquid degree of purity.
As shown in figure 5, the crucible body 2 of the utility model rail aluminum weld running gate system, 10 size of top thickeies, square
Just the installation of welding operation is put, and 11 thickness of bottom is gradually reduced by outer and interior, and bottom even is distributed 4 arc-shaped recess 12,
And bottom centre opens up taper from fused plug support level 13, the extreme lower position of arc-shaped recess 12 away from closest from fused plug hole, then
Guarantee that liquid almost all flows into die cavity, it is to avoid metal waste；Arc-shaped recess 12 is apsacline structure with horizontal direction, dredges aluminium
Impulsive force of the thermal response to bottom, molten steel through arc-shaped recess structure to flow from fused plug hole when, form local convection field, in liquid
Portion's each component is well mixed, without composition aggregation, segregation tissue after tissue coagulation, while waste residue floating is beneficial to remove in convection process
Slag, and due to local convection field, beneficial to the unit volume kinetic energy reduced when motlten metal liquid flows out, beneficial to mitigating to sand mo(u)ld and
The impact strength of shunting plug；From fused plug structure, accurately control molten steel delivery time and speed, improve the safety of course of reaction for taper
Grade and welding quality.
As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, it is the sand mo(u)ld 4 of the utility model rail aluminum weld running gate system, the sand mo(u)ld 4
Body is polyhedral structure；Include top surface, bottom surface and the solder side being connected between top surface, bottom surface；Described welding bread
Contain two facades；Also there is on described sand mo(u)ld 4 big rising head 18 and little rising head 16；Big 18 cross section of rising head is circle, little rising head
16 are ellipse, and described big rising head 18 is located at the outside of little rising head 16, and big rising head 18 and 16 size of little rising head are greatly
Bottom is little, and described little rising head 16 is connected with described solder side by cross gate；Little rising head 16 is with big rising head 18 at sand mo(u)ld bottom
Face connects.Molten steel branches to both sides sprue channel open 15 through shunting plug 3 and flows into die cavity, mixes the steel flow of the impurity such as gravel
Flow up to the little rising head 16 of both sides and big rising head 18 to sand mo(u)ld bottom, wherein two side riser bottoms 14 connect and section and water
Plane is oblique into 10 ° ~ 60 °, and the structure can increase the effective area of steel impurities in water floating, reduces the pore of flange of rail angle surface,
Guarantee that the most of more too small rising head 16 of the impurity in molten steel is flowed up through big rising head 18 while providing flange of rail feeding function and subtracting
Few flange of rail stress concentration.The middle part of little rising head 16 connects to form cross gate 17 with sand mo(u)ld die cavity, and cross gate 17 was both made comprising running channel
With acting on comprising rising head again, feeding function can be provided for rail head side.
As shown in Figure 9, Figure 10, it is that the utility model running gate system pours into a mould schematic diagram, the outstanding advantages of this running gate system are
Metal liquid uniformity, crystal grain refinement, solidified structure compactness, residue eliminating performance and Welding Safety is improved, in addition with carrying
Facilitate, be hardly damaged, after use without the need for reclaiming and the advantages of non-environmental-pollution.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system, the system include sand mo(u)ld, the crucible body being arranged on above sand mo(u)ld and crucible
The crucible cover of Ontology Matching, the shunting plug being arranged on inside sand mo(u)ld and it is arranged on the base plate of sand mo(u)ld bottom, it is characterised in that：
The sand mo(u)ld is polyhedral structure；Including top surface, bottom surface and the solder side being connected between top surface and bottom surface；Described weldering
Junction includes two facades；Described sand mo(u)ld is provided with big rising head and little rising head；Big rising head is located at the outside of little rising head, and two emit
Mouthful size is that big bottom is little, and described little rising head is connected with described solder side by cross gate；Little rising head and big rising head
Connect in sand mo(u)ld bottom, the joint face of little rising head and big rising head is with the horizontal 10 ° ~ 60 ° angles；
Crucible body top wall thickness gradually increases；It is recessed with multiple arcs in the crucible body inner bottom surface, bottom surface
Center offers taper from fused plug support level, and described multiple arcs sunk structure edge is distributed from fused plug hole center circumferential, and
Arc-shaped recess bottom is to from the inclination of fused plug hole center position.
2. rail aluminum weld running gate system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The crucible cover is for from top to bottom gradually
Expanding frustum structure, and the top of crucible cover is arc arcuate configuration, is along the circumferential direction provided with multiple on the inwall of crucible cover
Support arm, and the top of the support arm is connected with the top of crucible cover；Along the circumferential direction it is provided with the inwall of the crucible cover
Multiple guiding gutters I；Center at the top of crucible cover is provided with through hole；The top inner surface of crucible cover is provided with along many of through hole circle distribution
Individual guiding gutter II.
3. rail aluminum weld running gate system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described shunting plug is central raised
Both sides depression arcuate structure, curved surface are smoothly connected, and be recessed height of the lowest order higher than two incline of shunting plug, and shunting plug is located at sand mo(u)ld
In the cavity that top is formed, shunting plug is fixed by the ramp structure on sand mo(u)ld top, is drawn by the space between inclined-plane and shunting plug
Lead molten steel and enter sand mo(u)ld bottom die cavity.
4. rail aluminum weld running gate system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The big rising head cross section is circle
Shape, little rising head are ellipse.
5. rail aluminum weld running gate system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cast hole position of the crucible body
In the top at shunting plug center, cast liquid is made uniformly to disperse to both sides in cast by shunting plug.
6. rail aluminum weld running gate system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described multiple guiding gutters I with many
Individual support arm interval setting.
7. rail aluminum weld running gate system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The plurality of guiding gutter II with multiple
Support arm interval setting.
8. rail aluminum weld running gate system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Along circle on the inwall of the crucible cover
Circumferential direction is uniformly provided with 4 support arms, 12 guiding gutters I, and the angle between support arm and adjacent guide groove I is 15 °.
9. rail aluminum weld running gate system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：Along circle on the inwall of the crucible cover
Circumferential direction is uniformly provided with 4 support arms, and the top inner surface of the crucible cover has 4 water conservancy diversion along the distribution of through hole even circumferential
Angle between groove II, and each guiding gutter II and support arm is 45 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620909155.1U CN206010143U (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2016-08-22 | A kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620909155.1U CN206010143U (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2016-08-22 | A kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206010143U true CN206010143U (en) | 2017-03-15 |
Family
ID=58249102
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620909155.1U Withdrawn - After Issue CN206010143U (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2016-08-22 | A kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206010143U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106181023A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-07 | 洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 | A kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system |
| CN109794673A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-24 | 奥戈-灼热剂股份有限公司 | The crucible cover of rail welding crucible and the reaction starting mixture lighted with oxygen/propane rail preheated burning device |
| CN109822210A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-31 | 施密特钢轨技术（昆山）有限公司 | A kind of aluminum weld safety ignitor and ignition method |
-
2016
- 2016-08-22 CN CN201620909155.1U patent/CN206010143U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106181023A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-07 | 洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 | A kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system |
| CN109794673A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-24 | 奥戈-灼热剂股份有限公司 | The crucible cover of rail welding crucible and the reaction starting mixture lighted with oxygen/propane rail preheated burning device |
| CN109822210A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-31 | 施密特钢轨技术（昆山）有限公司 | A kind of aluminum weld safety ignitor and ignition method |
| CN109822210B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2024-02-13 | 施密特钢轨技术（昆山）有限公司 | Thermite welding safety ignition device and ignition method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN206010143U (en) | A kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system | |
| CN106181023B (en) | A kind of rail aluminum weld running gate system | |
| CN104364032A (en) | Method for manufacturing high-purity steel casting, and tundish | |
| CN203541512U (en) | Braking type submerged nozzle used for continuous casting of plate blanks or shaped blanks | |
| CN102560182A (en) | Method and device for smelting CuCrZr alloy in atmosphere | |
| CN105665689A (en) | Steel ladle capable of preventing steel slag from entering casting mold during pouring | |
| CN102676834A (en) | Crystallizer used for electroslag remelting | |
| CN208276173U (en) | Ladle pours remaining oxygen gas direct-recycling device | |
| CN202356599U (en) | Slide gate nozzle device for preventing occurrence of vortex | |
| CN208825496U (en) | Rotary type molten aluminum chute | |
| CN203030880U (en) | Molten iron ladle used for molten ductile iron casting | |
| CN102794445B (en) | Slab continuous casting submersed nozzle | |
| CN203778726U (en) | 12-strand conticaster tundish with reasonable flow-dividing function | |
| CN202270949U (en) | Submersed nozzle for beam blank continuous casting mould | |
| CN203610667U (en) | Flow-stabilizing and residue-blocking device for continuous casting molten steel tundish | |
| CN102274961A (en) | Submersed nozzles for shaped blank continuous casting crystallizer | |
| CN202701326U (en) | An improved tundish and improved flow stabilizers for a billet caster | |
| CN208276172U (en) | It is useless to pour remaining straight forming device | |
| CN210059784U (en) | Zinc alloy casting chute | |
| CN202845700U (en) | Lateral-casting type casting system | |
| CN203292439U (en) | Multi-stage shunting type continuous casting immersive nozzle | |
| CN207138832U (en) | A kind of new chute of falling aluminium of aluminium cast | |
| CN221109885U (en) | Ladle lining structure for reducing casting margin | |
| CN203541470U (en) | Braking type submerged nozzle used for mass production | |
| CN108705059B (en) | direct forming method for waste casting residue |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20170315 Effective date of abandoning: 20180914 |
|
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20170315 Effective date of abandoning: 20180914 |