CN205858347U - A kind of route type mining apparatus of air-cushion type headspace - Google Patents
A kind of route type mining apparatus of air-cushion type headspace Download PDFInfo
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- CN205858347U CN205858347U CN201620716349.XU CN201620716349U CN205858347U CN 205858347 U CN205858347 U CN 205858347U CN 201620716349 U CN201620716349 U CN 201620716349U CN 205858347 U CN205858347 U CN 205858347U
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Abstract
This utility model provides the route type mining apparatus of a kind of air-cushion type headspace, belongs to filling in mine production technique field.This device includes air cushion, fixed mechanism and auxiliary equipment, and air cushion includes air bag, Air filling and discharging valves, relief valve etc., and air cushion is fixed on ore body route lateral wall by static line by fixed mechanism, and auxiliary equipment realizes the inflation of air cushion.This device in use, sets up one group of air cushion in the side near ore body every about 10m before filling route, sets up some groups of air cushions continuously along the axial overall length of this route, afterwards this route is implemented filling.When utilizing this device and method to exploit adjacent Mining entrance, first reclaim air cushion, and using the reserved space of air cushion as the explosion scope of freedom, mining blasting is implemented according to the mode of side blasting by row, blasting efficiency and mining efficiency can be increased substantially, explosive consumption is greatly lowered, reduce the layout of borehole, improve total time and the safety of production capacity, beneficially stoping operation of total mining circulation.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to filling in mine production technique field, particularly relates to the route type of a kind of air-cushion type headspace
Mining apparatus.
Background technology
Access back-filling method is that the mode using digging laneway reclaims ore body, after stope mining connects tunnel
Top filling is to control ore deposit rock around.Owing to route section is the most little, roof span is little, can effectively safeguard the stability of stope,
Ensure stoping operation safety, and route flexible arrangement, can be used for reclaiming the Varied ore deposit under bad ore and rock condition, impoverishment rate in mining
Low, the response rate is high.But because stope is less, complex process, labor intensity is big, and production efficiency is low, and stope comprehensively produces energy
Power is relatively small, the method be only applicable to rock pole, ore deposit built on the sand, the grade of ore is high, economic worth is big ore body.
Since the seventies in last century, admission passage filling mining technique obtains extensively should at China's non-ferrous metal, gold mine
With.Different according to stopping sequence, admission passage filling method can be divided into lower to admission passage filling method and Upward drift.To entering under wherein
Road filling method layer-by-layer mining from top to bottom, the obturator of higher slice exists as the artificial roof of lower leaf route, personnel and equipment
The lower operation of obturator protection.On to Drift stoping rule layer-by-layer mining from bottom to top, the obturator of lower leaf be this separate zone production
Route base plate.Conventional extracting drift form of fracture have square, rectangle etc., process for stoping include rock drilling, powder charge, explosion,
Ventilation, ore removal, supporting (to Drift stoping on if), after this drift stoping terminates, set up filling pipe, build filling counterfort by laying bricks or stones,
And implement filling.
As a example by Jinchuan deposit Ⅱ district, mining technology is described below: from vertical to for: exploitation stage casing height 100m, in one
Section is divided into 5 segmentations, and each segmentation is divided into again 5 layerings.For horizontal direction, owing to ore body across pitch is about 800m,
Therefore ore body is divided a panel, totally 8 panels by every 100m by across pitch, is divided into again some exploiting fields in a panel,
Dig up mine in route mode in exploiting field.The general a length of 60m of route, section is width × height=5m × 4m.After having adopted a route
Filling immediately, uses the back production pattern adopting every, when after complete all ore body of layer of back production, then ore deposit of its next layering of back production
Body.
As a example by Jinchuan Nickel Mine, route type mining technology existing problems are as follows: (1) mining technology is similar to tunnelling, only
There is a scope of freedom, by surrounding rock body or obturator bigger clipping power, each work surface (20m during explosion2) the big gun hole that requires
Number is typically more than 50, and explosive specific charge is high, blasting efficiency is low, mining efficiency is low, and current explosion drilling depth is only 2.2-
2.5m, blasting efficiency is about about 80%, and this is one of them key reason causing route type mining capacity low.(2)
Ore body and adjacent filling route obturator are in close contact, and obturator can be damaged by explosion, and obturator is mixed into Ore and causes ore deposit
Stone dilution, comprehensive benefit is poor；(3) explosive of sc owing to clipping power is big, causes explosion relatively big to the destruction of obturator,
Significantly affects the stability of obturator.(4) the part Ore of contact obturator can not be got off by explosion sometimes, causes Ore to damage
Lose.
Utility model content
In order to improve the shortcoming and defect that existing Drift stoping technique exists, this utility model provides a kind of air-cushion type to reserve
The route type mining apparatus in space and method.
The technical solution of the utility model is to be fixed in advance in route to be filled by air cushion (near waiting out with static line
Mining body side), this route of filling afterwards.Special instruction, these air-cushion type mining methods can be used for lower to or on to route
Cemented filling method, simply under to the top of Drift stoping method, base plate be respectively obturator and ore body, Upward drift is then
On the contrary.When exploiting adjacent route, the space that the aforementioned air cushion reserved in obturator is formed can be as this adjacent route ore deposit
Explosion free space during body back production, can greatly improve blasting efficiency, and reduces blasting cost.
This device includes air cushion, fixed mechanism and auxiliary equipment, and air cushion includes air bag, Air filling and discharging valves, relief valve and buckle,
Fixed mechanism includes static line, card ball and setscrew, and auxiliary equipment includes air compressor machine, connecting tube and eyelid covering；On each air bag
Arranging an Air filling and discharging valves, a relief valve and four buckles, air cushion is by snapping connection on static line, and card ball is arranged on solid
On fixed rope, static line is fixed on ore body route lateral wall by setscrew, and air compressor machine is airbag aeration by connecting tube, and eyelid covering covers
Cover on air cushion.
Wherein, air bag is flexible gas impermeable material, it is possible to meets filling slurry and is produced it in whole stowing operation
Pressure requirements；Inside air bag secretly sets by lacing wire along thickness or is made up of gas column side by side, it is ensured that air cushion is at inflated condition
Under, the profile of design can be kept；Gas pad height and route height approximate, and length is installed to facilitate, transported, and thickness meets quick-fried
Break the requirement of free space and be easy to construct.Buckle is set on air cushion, it is simple to be coupled with on static line；Air filling and discharging valves
The high-pressure blast that air compressor machine provides can be filled with air bag, it is also possible to discharged by the air in air bag；Relief valve is check valve, works as air bag
When interior pressure exceedes setting value, automatically turn on, until pressure is down to during setting value automatically close；Every a spacing on static line
From, card ball is installed, the diameter of this card ball is more than air bag block button hole diameter, when being used for pulling static line, can by air cushion together
Haul out, it is achieved the recycling of air cushion.
Air filling and discharging valves is made up of charge valve, the only band of gas, only vent plug, valve body, and its effect is to complete to inflate operation before filling,
The air in air bag is released when reclaiming air bag.Gas charging valve structure is similar with inflating bicycle tires structure, by pneumatics during inflation
The inflation termination of machine is stuck on charge valve, and gases at high pressure enter air bag by charge valve, valve body, the only band of gas, and only the band of gas is elastic
Quality of rubber materials, gases at high pressure can enter air bag, but the gas of air bag cannot leak from charge valve；Only the effect of vent plug is air bag
After middle inflation, it is possible to stop the leaking of gas, but owing to only vent plug is connected with venting rope, when needs recovery air cushion, pulls and put
Gas rope, i.e. can discharge the gas in air bag；Relief valve is check valve, and the effect of relief valve is that the pressure once injected exceedes
During its ultimate bearing pressure, this relief valve starts pressure release, prevents owing to the various accidents such as equipment fault cause the accident of cystidium
Damaged.Eyelid covering be prevent filling during, filling slurry pours between air cushion, increase air cushion recovery difficult.
This device uses gas column to be previously placed in stope to be filled, then this stope is carried out filling, fills with preset material
The headspace formed after filling out, as explosion free space during adjacent mining blasting；The concrete grammar related to is as follows:
(1) air cushion is set up: when route exploitation is complete, before setting up filling counterfort, on the top of the close body to be dug up mine of route,
Base plate, every about 10m is one group of air cushion, and more than one air cushion is one group, often group air cushion single static line and venting rope,
The buckle of single air cushion corner is fixed on upper and lower two static lines (height of each air cushion is similar to route height, width
General about 1m, thickness about 0.2m)；And the Air filling and discharging valves of each air cushion is connected with venting rope.Cover outside air cushion again and cover
Skin, covers air cushion, afterwards to airbag aeration, completes this group air cushion and installs.Afterwards according to the length of route, it is respectively mounted other
Group air cushion and cover eyelid covering, and build by laying bricks or stones filling counterfort and set up filling pipe, complete filling preparation work
(2) filling route: route is implemented filling by filling process routinely；
(3) air cushion is reclaimed: after the route of filling reaches the intended obturator maintenance time limit, exploit adjacent mining
Route, route sinking and blasting forms driving face, exposes the air cushion that adjacent filling route is pre-buried, now pulls venting rope,
The cone only vent plug being then connected with venting rope is pulled out, and completes first group of air cushion venting；Pull afterwards and be fixed on top, tunnel, the end
Two static lines of side, now static line shakes off the constraint being fixed on setscrew by thin tied silk, moves to drag direction, peace
The air cushion that dragging is fixed thereon by the card ball being loaded on static line, and this group air cushion is successfully reclaimed.Wait to tunnel to distance the
During the neighbouring position of two groups of air bags, venting rope and the static line of second group of air bag can be exposed, now according still further to above-mentioned steps,
To reclaim second group of static line, venting rope and air cushion, and so on, complete the recovery of all air cushions；
(4) Drift stoping: traditional Drift stoping, typically at route center arrangement snubber, but this method route explosion
The scope of freedom that air cushion is formed can be made full use of, arrange big gun hole according to the mode of lateral caving, carry out explosion by blasting cap initiation order
Mining；
(5), after treating this drift stoping, the exploitation of other routes is carried out according still further to the step of above-mentioned () to (four).
Having the beneficial effect that of technique scheme of the present utility model:
The method not only has route type cemented filling method route flexible arrangement, mining recovery is high, it is multiple to be applicable to
The advantage of miscellaneous broken noble metal ore body cemented filling mining, and owing to having reserved good explosion free space, also overcome
Traditional route type cemented filling method rock drilling workload is big, explosion and mining efficiency is low, production capacity is little, integrated cost is high
Disadvantage.Its advantage is specific as follows:
(1) use air bag as the reserved explosion free space of adjacent route, blasting efficiency can be increased substantially and adopt
Ore deposit efficiency；(2) big due to explosion free space, the clipping power of explosion reduces, and explosive consumption can be greatly lowered；(3) due to
Explosion free space increases substantially, it is possible to reduce the layout of borehole, is also beneficial to reduce drill steel, the consumption of bore bit, shortens chisel
The rock time, and improve the total time of total mining circulation, improve production capacity.(4) due to the existence of air bag, by ore body and obturator every
From, and owing to explosion is few to the destruction of obturator, it is possible to reduce obturator is mixed into, due to explosion, the mining dilution that Ore causes；
(5) additionally due to the minimizing of explosive payload and decrease the destruction to obturator, it is also possible to effectively safeguard the stability of obturator, have
It is beneficial to the safety of stope mining operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the route type mining apparatus Mining entrance vertical section air cushion of air-cushion type headspace of the present utility model is arranged
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that Mining entrance vertical section static line arranges schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is air cushion mechanism front view；
Fig. 4 is air cushion structure left view；
Fig. 5 is Air filling and discharging valves structural representation；
Fig. 6 is view before the filling of Mining entrance vertical section；
Fig. 7 is the view that Mining entrance vertical section completes that first group of air cushion reclaims；
Fig. 8 is the Mining entrance explosion scope of freedom schematic diagram that air cushion is reserved；
Fig. 9 is the Mining entrance blasting sequence schematic diagram of air-cushion type headspace.
Wherein: 1-static line；2-obturator；3-ore body；4-air bag；5-Air filling and discharging valves；6-relief valve；7-buckle；8-fills
Air valve；9-stops vent plug；10-stops the band of gas；11-valve body；12-exits rope；13-eyelid covering；14-filling counterfort；15-driving face；
The 16-scope of freedom；17-big gun hole；18-blasting cap initiation order.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the technical problems to be solved in the utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
And specific embodiment is described in detail.
The shortcoming and defect that this utility model exists for existing Drift stoping technique, it is provided that a kind of air-cushion type is left a blank in advance
Between route type mining apparatus.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, this device includes air cushion, fixed mechanism and auxiliary equipment, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, air cushion
Including air bag 4, Air filling and discharging valves 5, relief valve 6 and buckle 7, fixed mechanism includes static line 1, card ball and setscrew, auxiliary dress
For including air compressor machine, connecting tube and eyelid covering 13；5, relief valve 6 of one Air filling and discharging valves and four cards are set on each air bag 4
Button 7, air cushion is connected on static line 1 by buckle 7, and card ball is arranged on static line 1, and static line 1 is fixed by setscrew
At ore body 3 route lateral wall, air compressor machine is that air bag 4 is inflated by connecting tube, and eyelid covering 13 covers on air cushion.
As it is shown in figure 5, Air filling and discharging valves 5 includes charge valve 8, only vent plug 9, the only band of gas 10 and valve body 11, only the band of gas 10 is bullet
Property quality of rubber materials, only vent plug 9 inserts valve body 11, only outside vent plug 9 connect venting rope 12.
It is explained below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
In implementation process, air bag 4 material is butyl rubber or other flexible gas impermeable materials, and thickness is about 5mm, institute's energy
The pressure born is more than 0.12MPa, is fully able to meet filling slurry and wants pressure produced by it in whole stowing operation
Ask；Air bag 4 is internal has secretly set lacing wire along thickness, it is ensured that air cushion in the deflated condition, can keep the profile of design；Gas pad height
Approximately the same with route height, length is installed to facilitate, is transported, thickness about 200mm.As a example by Jinchuan deposit Ⅱ, route is advised
Lattice (wide × high) are 5m × 4m, then air cushion height × length × thickness is 4m × 2m × 0.2m, use the excellent of single air cushion composition air cushion curtain
Gesture is: if single air cushion is damaged, be not result in the inefficacy of whole other air cushions of route；According to the different length of route, can
Freely to regulate the number of air cushion；Hanging air cushion is four buckles 7 to the device on static line 1 (diameter can use 3mm), respectively
It is arranged at four angles of air cushion, when upper and lower two static lines 1 of air cushion to be fixed are set up in route lateral wall, by aforementioned four card
Button 7 is stuck on these two static lines 1；Air filling and discharging valves 5 is plastic material valve, and wherein charge valve 8 is similar to bicycle
The mechanism of tyre inflating, can be connected with charge valve 8 enforcement inflation by air compressor machine and pipeline thereof and connected clamping nozzle, only gas
Band 10 has air flow in one direction function, and Air filling and discharging valves 5 is designed with the only vent plug 9 of a conical structure, only vent plug 9 another
End is connected on venting rope 12；Use screw joining manner between this Air filling and discharging valves 5 and air bag 4, be beneficial to maintenance；Relief valve 6
For check valve, when in air bag 4, pressure is more than 0.12MPa, automatically turning on, pressure is down to below 0.10MPa, automatically closes, and adopts
By the structure of conventional security valve, between it and air bag 4, use screw joining manner；
Air cushion fixed mechanism core is two close ore body 3 sides to be exploited, and is placed in top, tunnel, base plate vicinity, along tunnel
The static line 1 axially laid, the length of every static line 1 about about 12m, every 0.5m on static line 1, card ball is installed, should
The diameter of card ball is more than 3 times (when being used for pulling static line 1, can be hauled out together by air bag 4) of buckle 7 bore dia, in lane
Road lateral wall installs the setscrew of diameter 6-8mm, is connected with setscrew by static line 1 by thin tied silk, it is desirable to colligation static line 1
Firmness, it is possible to carrying is suspended over the weight of air cushion, and in stowing operation, air cushion is unlikely to by slip punching at it
, the also unsuitable tension of the connection between static line 1 and setscrew simultaneously, when needs reclaim air cushion, firmly pull up and down
Two static lines 1, can shake off the tied silk constraint between static line 1 and setscrew, be hauled out by air cushion；Air compressor machine and connecting tube
Specification should match with Air filling and discharging valves 5, air compressor machine, air compressor machine can use the air compressor machine of C20 (DLT0206) type；Cover air cushion
Eyelid covering 13 use inexpensive plastic, during its objective is to prevent filling, filling slurry pours between air cushion, increase gas
The recovery difficult of pad.
What this device used concretely comprises the following steps:
(1) air cushion is set up: when route exploitation is complete, before setting up filling counterfort, every 10 air cushions are divided into one group, than
As the route of long 50m is divided into 5 groups, often group air cushion single static line 1 and the venting rope 12 of air cushion, the purpose of do so
It is to along with the propelling of driving, progressively reclaim air cushion, it is also possible to reduce the difficulty reclaiming air cushion；Treat that route ore body 3 back production is complete
Finish, after completing the preparation before general filling (before building barricade by laying bricks or stones), every about 10m, at route near top, the position of base plate
Put installation setscrew, upper and lower two static lines 1 hanging air cushion are fixed on setscrew by tied silk respectively；By gas
The buckle 7 of pad corner is stuck on upper and lower static line 1, mutually can not have space between air cushion；By the only vent plug of each air cushion
9 lines are connected on venting rope 12, and it are fixed near one end of route entrance on the static line 1 hanging air cushion；At air cushion
On lay plastic skin 13；Inflate to each air bag 4, when reaching predetermined 0.1MPa, stop inflation.Afterwards according to the length of route
Degree, is respectively mounted the air cushion of other groups and covers eyelid covering 13, and builds filling counterfort 14 by laying bricks or stones and set up filling pipe, completes filling and prepares
Operation (see Fig. 6)；
(2) filling route: after air cushion sets up, sets up filling counterfort 14, and route is implemented to fill by filling process routinely
Fill out；
(3) air cushion is reclaimed: after the route of filling reaches the intended obturator 2 maintenance time limit, exploit adjacent mining
Route, route sinking and blasting forms driving face 15, exposes the air cushion that adjacent filling route is pre-buried, now pulls venting rope
12, then the cone only vent plug 9 being connected with venting rope 12 is pulled out, and completes first group of air cushion venting；Pull afterwards and be fixed on lane
Top, road, two static lines 1 of underwall, now static line 1 shakes off the constraint being fixed on setscrew by thin tied silk, to the side of pulling
To movement, the air cushion that dragging is fixed thereon by the card ball being installed on static line 1, and this group air cushion is successfully reclaimed (see figure
7).When the neighbouring position of driving to second group of air cushion of distance, venting rope 12 and the static line 1 of second group of air cushion can be exposed, this
Time according still further to above-mentioned steps, i.e. can reclaim second group of static line 1, venting rope 12 and air cushion, and so on, complete all gas
The recovery of pad；
(4) Drift stoping: traditional Drift stoping, typically at route center arrangement snubber, but this method route explosion
The scope of freedom 16 (see Fig. 8) (the Mining entrance explosion scope of freedom schematic diagram that Fig. 7 air cushion is reserved) that air cushion is formed can be made full use of, press
Mode according to lateral caving arranges that big gun hole 17, blasting cap initiation order 18 as shown in Figure 9 carry out blasting mining, use the big gun of 3.5m
Hole length, can reach the demolition effect of more than 95%.Simultaneously because the scope of freedom is relatively big, can be by current each work surface 50
Big gun hole count is reduced to about 35；
(5), after treating this drift stoping, the exploitation of other routes is carried out according still further to the step of above-mentioned () to (four).
The above is preferred implementation of the present utility model, it is noted that for the ordinary skill of the art
For personnel, on the premise of without departing from principle described in the utility model, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improve
Also protection domain of the present utility model is should be regarded as with retouching.
Claims (5)
1. the route type mining apparatus of an air-cushion type headspace, it is characterised in that: include air cushion, fixed mechanism and auxiliary dress
Standby, air cushion includes air bag (4), Air filling and discharging valves (5), relief valve (6) and buckle (7), and fixed mechanism includes static line (1), card ball
And setscrew, auxiliary equipment includes air compressor machine, connecting tube and eyelid covering (13)；One Air filling and discharging valves is set on each air bag (4)
(5), a relief valve (6) and four buckles (7), air cushion is connected on static line (1) by buckle (7), and card ball is arranged on solid
On fixed rope (1), static line (1) is fixed on ore body route lateral wall by setscrew, and air compressor machine is that air bag (4) fills by connecting tube
Gas, eyelid covering (13) covers on air cushion.
The route type mining apparatus of air-cushion type headspace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described air bag
(4) being flexible gas impermeable material, air bag (4) is internal to be secretly set lacing wire along thickness or is made up of gas column side by side.
The route type mining apparatus of air-cushion type headspace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described inflation/deflation
Valve (5) includes charge valve (8), only vent plug (9), the only band of gas (10) and valve body (11), and only the band of gas (10) is elastomeric material, only
Vent plug (9) inserts valve body (11), and only vent plug (9) outside connects venting rope (12).
The route type mining apparatus of air-cushion type headspace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described relief valve
(6) it is check valve.
The route type mining apparatus of air-cushion type headspace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described card ball is straight
Footpath is more than buckle (7) diameter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620716349.XU CN205858347U (en) | 2016-07-07 | 2016-07-07 | A kind of route type mining apparatus of air-cushion type headspace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620716349.XU CN205858347U (en) | 2016-07-07 | 2016-07-07 | A kind of route type mining apparatus of air-cushion type headspace |
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| CN205858347U true CN205858347U (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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| CN201620716349.XU Expired - Fee Related CN205858347U (en) | 2016-07-07 | 2016-07-07 | A kind of route type mining apparatus of air-cushion type headspace |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105952451A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-09-21 | 北京科技大学 | Air cushion type space-reserving approach road type mining device and method |
| CN106014415A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-10-12 | 北京科技大学 | Air cushion type space-reserved drift and fill type mining device and method |
| CN108798768A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-11-13 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A method of using recyclable air bag come reservation of filling small well |
-
2016
- 2016-07-07 CN CN201620716349.XU patent/CN205858347U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105952451A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-09-21 | 北京科技大学 | Air cushion type space-reserving approach road type mining device and method |
| CN106014415A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-10-12 | 北京科技大学 | Air cushion type space-reserved drift and fill type mining device and method |
| CN105952451B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2018-03-30 | 北京科技大学 | The route type mining apparatus and method of a kind of air-cushion type headspace |
| CN108798768A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-11-13 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A method of using recyclable air bag come reservation of filling small well |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170104 Termination date: 20170707 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |