CN205749513U - A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer - Google Patents

A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN205749513U
CN205749513U CN201620558606.1U CN201620558606U CN205749513U CN 205749513 U CN205749513 U CN 205749513U CN 201620558606 U CN201620558606 U CN 201620558606U CN 205749513 U CN205749513 U CN 205749513U
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China
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module
pic
detection module
chip
line monitoring
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CN201620558606.1U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨雨薇
张飞
陈黎
肖洒
张鑫蕊
刘霞
林敏�
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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Abstract

A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer, including gas detection module, micro-water detection module, oil temperature detection module, A/D sampling module, PIC control module.Described gas detection module, micro-water detection module, oil temperature detection module connect PIC control module by serial communication circuit respectively, and PIC control module is connected with slave computer, and slave computer is connected with host computer by communication module;Described gas detection module includes multiple gas sensor;Described micro-water detection module includes humidity sensor;Described oil temperature detection module includes platinum resistance thermistor sensor;Described PIC control module connects liquid crystal display module, key-press module, alarm module respectively.This utility model system, the information such as content are respectively formed by temperature, humidity, dissolved gas in the transformer insulation oil that sensor detects, it is aggregated into control module, and realize the man-machine information interaction with Site Detection attendant by LCDs and keyboard, in real time transformer insulation oil is carried out on-line monitoring.

Description

A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer
Technical field
This utility model relates to transformer insulation oil monitoring field, and a kind of transformator based on PIC single chip microcomputer is exhausted Edge oil on-line monitoring system.
Background technology
Transformator directly affects the safe operation of power system as the hub device of power system, its operational reliability, Transformator once breaks down, it would be possible to cause huge loss.From the point of view of power transformer accident analysis, a lot of accidents are offices The burst accident that portion's failure propagation causes, but at present the criterion of equipment operation condition is depended on preventive trial, due to prevention Property the test period long, existing preventive trial project to insulation developing fault reaction insensitive, development speed was at several days Local defect to several weeks tends not to find in time, and this local defect expands the accident caused at transformator within several weeks Accident statistics account for larger proportion.Transformer oil as liquid insulating material participate in High-Voltage Electrical Appliances longtime running, light, heat, The lower change that can produce matter of the effect of metal, electromagnetic field and various magazine.And content of micro water in transformer oil can be because equipment be subject to Tide, insulant break up the impact of the factors such as degraded and oil quality deterioration and improve.When in insulating oil, micro-water content exceedes necessarily Threshold value time, the insulating properties of equipment will be substantially reduced, and may cause insulation breakdown, burns the great things such as electrical equipment time serious Therefore.The injury that transformator is caused by the gas simultaneously dissolved in transformer insulation oil is also the biggest.Therefore, in transformer oil The detection of micro-water content and dissolved gas is the important leverage of transformer equipment safe and stable operation.
Monitor this problem for transformer insulation oil, currently used more be exactly off-line monitoring method, but off-line Monitoring needs to carry out various testing inspection when transformer equipment is stopped transport, and this method can not be used on a large scale.Later along with The development of science and technology, people design power transformer equipment on-line monitoring technology.One is real-time live line measurement, this side Method is that some insulation parameter to power equipment is monitored, and the equipment used and instrument are mechanical type and analog mostly , but this commercial measurement project is less, and system sensitivity is not high enough, and range of application is the widest, is not carried out large-scale Popularize and application.Subsequently, a lot of countries use chromatographic free gas to analyze solution gas in oil by research simultaneously Body, it is simple to find initial failure.But this method simply uses gas chromatograph techniques, need timing extraction oil sample, in reality Testing room to be analyzed, test period is long, it is impossible to realize on-line continuous monitoring.Therefore, the transformer oil of research a new generation is supervised online Survey device and the safe operation of power transformer is had the most important meaning.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, this utility model provides a kind of transformer insulation oil based on PIC single chip microcomputer On-line monitoring system, utilizes PIC single chip microcomputer control technology, by temperature in the transformer insulation oil that sensor detects, humidity, Dissolved gas respectively forms the information such as content, is aggregated into control module, and is realized and on-the-spot inspection by LCDs and keyboard Survey the man-machine information interaction of attendant, in real time transformer insulation oil is carried out on-line monitoring.
This utility model be the technical scheme is that
A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer, including gas detection module, the detection of micro-water Module, oil temperature detection module, A/D sampling module, PIC control module.
Described gas detection module, micro-water detection module, oil temperature detection module connect PIC control module respectively, and PIC controls Module is connected with slave computer, and slave computer is connected with host computer by communication module;
Described gas detection module includes that multiple gas sensor, multiple gas sensors are connected by A/D sampling module The input of PIC control module;
Described micro-water detection module includes humidity sensor, and humidity sensor connects PIC by A/D sampling module and controls mould The input of block;
Described oil temperature detection module includes platinum resistance thermistor sensor, and platinum resistance thermistor sensor passes through A/D sampling module Connect the input of PIC control module;
Described PIC control module connects liquid crystal display module, key-press module, alarm module respectively.
Described PIC control module includes main control chip, eeprom chip, sram chip, clock chip, described master control core Sheet, eeprom chip, sram chip, clock chip connect power module respectively.
Described A/D sampling module connects signal filtering conditioning module.
This system includes that serial communication circuit, serial communication circuit include Serial Peripheral chip SPI interface, USART module.
Described gas sensor is MQ8 gas sensor.
Described main control chip is PIC18F96J60 single-chip microcomputer.
Described power module includes MC34063 DC-DC converter, LDO chip, MC34063 DC-DC converter For providing 5V power supply, LDO chip is used for exporting 3.3V power supply.
A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer of this utility model, utilizes PIC single chip microcomputer control Technology processed, respectively forms the information such as content by temperature, humidity, dissolved gas in the transformer insulation oil that sensor detects and collects To PIC control module, and by liquid crystal display module and key-press module, it is achieved and the man-machine letter of Site Detection attendant Breath is mutual, in real time transformer insulation oil is carried out on-line monitoring.Overall process is carried out automatically, and coefficient of automation is high, and has pin To property, safe and reliable, easy for installation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system block diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 (a) is the 5V power circuit diagram of this utility model system;
Fig. 2 (b) is the 3.3V power circuit diagram of this utility model system;
Fig. 3 is clocking scheme of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is ICSP interface circuit figure of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is reset circuit figure of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is crystal oscillating circuit figure of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is eeprom circuit figure of the present utility model;
Fig. 8 (a) is RS232 asynchronous communication circuit diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 8 (b) is RS485 asynchronous communication circuit diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 9 (a) is current sensor signal modulate circuit figure of the present utility model;
Fig. 9 (b) is voltage sensor signals modulate circuit figure of the present utility model;
Figure 10 is display driver circuit figure of the present utility model;
Figure 11 is that warning of the present utility model realizes control circuit figure;
Figure 12 is network catenation principle circuit diagram of the present utility model;
Figure 13 is control flow chart of the present utility model.
Detailed description of the invention
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer, including gas detecting mould Block, micro-water detection module, oil temperature detection module, A/D sampling module, PIC control module, described gas detection module, micro-water are examined Survey module, oil temperature detection module connects PIC control module respectively, and PIC control module is connected with slave computer, and slave computer passes through communication Module is connected with host computer.
Described gas detection module includes that multiple gas sensor, multiple gas sensors are connected by A/D sampling module The input of PIC control module.
Described micro-water detection module includes humidity sensor, and humidity sensor connects PIC by A/D sampling module and controls mould The input of block.
Described oil temperature detection module includes platinum resistance thermistor sensor, and platinum resistance thermistor sensor passes through A/D sampling module Connect the input of PIC control module.
Described PIC control module connects liquid crystal display module, key-press module, alarm module respectively.
Described PIC control module includes main control chip, eeprom chip, sram chip, clock chip, described master control core Sheet, eeprom chip, sram chip, clock chip connect power module respectively.
Described A/D sampling module connects signal filtering conditioning module.
This system includes that serial communication circuit, serial communication circuit include Serial Peripheral chip SPI interface, USART module.
Described gas sensor is MQ8 gas sensor.
Described main control chip is PIC18F96J60 single-chip microcomputer.
Described power module includes MC34063 DC-DC converter, LDO chip
As shown in Figure 2 (a) shows, for the 5V power circuit diagram of this utility model system, major function is for system hardware circuit Plate provides the output of reliable power supply.In this utility model, because PIC18F96J60 single-chip microcomputer to use two groups of direct current of voltage regulation Source, because the I/O input and output power supply of system is that peripheral hardware power supply is 3.3V in 5V, kernel and sheet, so this practicality The novel application system for direct current 5V.FI be current maxima be the recovered fuse of 500mA, it is to avoid system because of occur short circuit Causing device overcurrent damage during fault, this fuse can recover the most through-flow and defencive function after a loss of power.D1、D2、D3、D4 Four diodes composition full-bridge circuit form, ensure that P-CON external power supply all can provide for system just connecing in the case of reversal connection Correct form of power.System input power module uses MC34063 DC-DC converter, is that a monolithic bipolar is linear Integrated circuit, sheet is contained within temperature compensation bandgap a reference source, and duty cycle adjustable control agitator, driver and big electric current are defeated Go out switch, by step-down conversion circuit and by Voltage Cortrol to 5V, provide the output of reliable power supply for system hardware circuit board.
As shown in Fig. 2 (b), for the 3.3V power circuit diagram of this utility model system, major function is in system PIC18F96JH60 microprocessor, eeprom chip, sram chip and clock chip are powered.After system obtains 5V voltage, then Using low voltage difference power supply chip voltage stabilizing output 3.3V voltage, this LDO chip uses LM1117MP-3.3 chip, and it has output electricity Flow the outstanding features such as big, output voltage precision height and good stability.
As it is shown on figure 3, be the real time clock circuit figure of this utility model system, system uses DALLAS semiconductor company raw Produce High-precision real-time clock chip DS1302, this chip can to year, month, day, week, time, minute, second carry out timing, have Leap year compensates function.With the ram register for temporary storage of data inside it, serial synchronous can be used with microprocessor Communication mode can also use burst mode once to transmit multiple byte, connects with the double pin of back power supply after using main power source simultaneously Connect, can be that back-up source carries out tiny stream thin electric current charging ability.This chip is strict with the crystal oscillator using 32.768KHz frequency, Frequency error can cause chip operation clock to occur, and deviation selectes parallel capacitance of value and connection mode by handbook requirement.
As shown in Figure 4, for this utility model system ICSP interface circuit figure, in figure the signal nMCLR on ICSP interface with The reset circuit of the present invention connects, formed line and relation, reach the purpose that common control system resets;
As it is shown in figure 5, be the reset circuit figure of this utility model system, Main Function is the reset function of completion system;
As shown in Figure 6, for the crystal oscillating circuit figure of this utility model system, in this utility model system, select and use frequency Rate is the external crystal-controlled oscillation of 25MHz.The external crystal-controlled oscillation of ethernet module one stable 25MHz of needs that this processor is newly-increased is defeated Enter.Owing to being internally integrated parallel resistance RF between PIC18F series monolithic OSCI and OSC2 pin, user only needs to consider The problem of external crystal-controlled oscillation serial capacitance C8, C9 capacitance.Capacitance value is the biggest, and the stability of agitator is the highest, but rises simultaneously The time of shaking can be elongated, and according to system VDD and application operating mode, selected capacitance is 33PF.
As it is shown in fig. 7, be the eeprom circuit figure of this utility model system SPI mode, EEPROM is at the beginning of storage system The record etc. monitoring time and crucial detection data under beginning information, the field monitoring parameter of user's setting and abnormal conditions is The timely preservation of information after system power down.
Described communication module uses RS232 asynchronous communication module or RS485 asynchronous communication module.
Described host computer uses PC, and slave computer uses the computer of band LCDs.
As shown in Figure 8 (a), for RS232 asynchronous communication circuit diagram of the present utility model, it is mainly used in hardware system communication merit Can debug when transmitting with general purpose computer simple data with hardware circuit and use, facilitate detail programming and the maintenance of hardware system.
As shown in Figure 8 (b) shows, for RS485 asynchronous communication circuit diagram of the present utility model, owing to using balance driver and difference Divide the mode of receiver corporation, there is preferable noise jamming ability, it is possible to achieve the construction of transformer monitoring network on a small scale, As based on ethernet communication mode strong supplementary.
As shown in Fig. 9 (a), for this utility model current sensor signal modulate circuit figure, this utility model system hardware The A/D sampling module of system is the voltage between VREF-~ VREF+ according to programmable sample cycle acquisition range, and by voltage signal It is converted into corresponding ten digits signal.The selection of analog reference voltage can be chosen as device positive-negative power or by RA3 by software With the voltage accessed between RA2 pin determines.This utility model system carries out the modulate circuit before digital-to-analogue conversion to sensor signal Designed.In circuit diagram, first sensor signal through R24 dividing potential drop effect, is converted into voltage signal in signal input point. By the low-pass filtering loop of R23 and C12 composition, effectively filter out by the HF noise signal of aliasing in signal, by high accuracy Operational amplifier LM358 follows amplification, and output goes to Chip Microcomputer A/D and receives IN-TEMP signal in pin, i.e. figure.
As shown in Figure 9 (b), for voltage sensor signals modulate circuit figure of the present utility model, the weak voltage signal of access First pass around primary filtering and send into distant place in-phase input end, i.e. ensure to constitute with reverse input end resistance to follow amplifying circuit, with Time can meet the anti-matching properties of circuit high resistant, effectively filter out voltage noise interference.
The signal filtering conditioning module of sensor and the A/D sampling module of single-chip microcomputer, complete raw data acquisition jointly And digital filtering, it is that monitoring system obtains useful information and correctly carries out the basis of analyzing and diagnosing work.
As shown in Figure 10, for the display driver circuit figure of this utility model system, the liquid crystal display of this utility model system Panel module uses 8 position digital signal parallel transmission patterns, BLA and BLK end inputs LCD backlight respectively and just lighting module Pole and negative pole.In most cases cannot realize in view of field monitoring personnel closely observing should be ensured that reality under data, normality Existing system is without being automatically switched off the function of LCDs after operating ten minutes.This function is by being controlled BLA by single-chip microcomputer I/O pin The height change of end level realizes.
As shown in figure 11, reporting to the police for this utility model and realize control circuit figure, this utility model hardware components passes through PIC18F96J60 single-chip microcomputer is internally integrated simple breakdown judge algorithm, it is possible to achieve the warning to site examining and repairing attendant Prompting, control signal is sent by controller general I/O pin, by turn-on transistor base stage, controls triode ON, and electric current is put Big to drive alarm effect.
As shown in figure 12, for network catenation principle circuit diagram of the present utility model, native system selects PIC18F96J60 monolithic Machine realizes simply based on being internally integrated the network communicating function implementation of ICP/IP protocol stack, and network interface selects internal collection Become network filter and the HR911105A module of RJ45 interface.This module compatibility IEEE802.3ab, the electromagnetism of high-quality is anti-dry Immunity energy.PIC18F96J60 device provides the ethernet module special signal interface of four feet, and these pins are that twisted-pair feeder is poor Sub-signal forward input TPIN+, twisted-pair feeder differential signal negative sense input TPIN-, twisted-pair feeder differential signal forward output TPOUT+ With twisted-pair feeder differential signal negative sense export TPOUT-, these pins not with other peripheral functionality multiplexings of single-chip microcomputer, thoroughly avoid Potential device configuration conflict problem.In module, TPIN+/TPIN-and TPOUT+/TPOUT-pin is directly connected for Ethernet The 1:1 centre cap pulse transformer of operation, it is ensured that when enabling ethernet module, two TPOUT pins have lasting electricity Stream input, and in PUY module when sending data, thus it is possible to vary the Opposed Current size of TPOUT+ and TPOUT-, make Ethernet Cable produces a differential voltage.
As shown in figure 13, for the flow chart of this utility model system, hardware monitoring system boot runs after starting, first enters Row module initialization operates, and mainly includes that controlling port initialization, basic function initialization and expanded function initializes.System Monitoring parameter initial phase mainly completes the transformator the currently monitored with system and the relevant user of test environment customizes ginseng Number, these parameters are tested during initially being debugged by system and are decided, and preserve in system extension EEPROM or single-chip microcomputer In the middle of internal data EEPROM, after system module has initialized, by the parameter in acquisition respective memory unit come for System monitoring data process provides operational parameter.After completing the initialization procedure of monitoring parameter, monitoring operation can be proceeded by. TMR0 timer interruption responder sets in single-chip microcomputer correlated identities variable, triggers after TMR0 timing certain time and interrupt In responder, marking variable is from subtracting once, carries out groups of A/D module action when marking variable value vanishing when, according to Sampling acquisition magnitude of voltage and monitoring parameter calculate each value monitoring physical quantity under current state, are mainly transformation in native system Sampled point temperature in fault characteristic gases each concentration of component value, content of micro water in transformer oil value and current transformer oil in device oil Value.Detect characteristic gas concentration information, the micro-water amount information etc. in oil obtained according to system, use simple algorithm tentatively to judge respectively Whether individual characteristic quantity numerical value exceedes the monitoring threshold of the corresponding content in monitoring parameter, if less than this threshold value, showing currently to become Depressor duty is good, there is not obvious fault problem, by the LCDs output display of slave computer and by external PORT COM passes data to host computer PC end monitoring software system.If monitoring result exists the number exceeding respective threshold According to result, then need the preliminary determination methods of fault calling hardware system simply to diagnose, go through for meeting fault simultaneously History data return the requirement looked into, the parameter that will exceed standard and should in the case of time of origin store system and extend out in EEPROM.Beyond threshold value By slave computer LCDs display alarm or directly drive alarm action with preliminary fault diagnosis result, the most also want The long-range monitoring of software of host computer is delivered to by external PORT COM.After one monitoring end cycle, true by host computer communication data The operations such as the fixed amendment that whether there is monitoring parameter, if without instructions such as any parameter change or shutdown stoppings, then continuing cycling through Treat that A/D conversion starts the enabled instruction of marking variable.

Claims (7)

1. a transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer, including gas detection module, micro-water detection mould Block, oil temperature detection module, A/D sampling module, PIC control module, it is characterised in that: described gas detection module, micro-water detect Module, oil temperature detection module connect PIC control module respectively, and PIC control module is connected with slave computer, and slave computer passes through communication mould Block is connected with host computer;Described gas detection module includes multiple gas sensor, and multiple gas sensors are sampled mould by A/D Block connects the input of PIC control module;Described micro-water detection module includes that humidity sensor, humidity sensor are adopted by A/D Original mold block connects the input of PIC control module;Described oil temperature detection module includes platinum resistance thermistor sensor, platinum resistance thermistor Sensor connects the input of PIC control module by A/D sampling module;
Described PIC control module connects liquid crystal display module, key-press module, alarm module respectively.
A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer, its feature exists Main control chip, eeprom chip, sram chip, clock chip is included in: described PIC control module, described main control chip, Eeprom chip, sram chip, clock chip connect power module respectively.
A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer, its feature exists In: described A/D sampling module connects signal filtering conditioning module.
A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer, its feature exists In: this system includes that serial communication circuit, serial communication circuit include Serial Peripheral chip SPI interface, USART module.
A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer, its feature exists In: described gas sensor is MQ8 gas sensor.
A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer, its feature exists In: described main control chip is PIC18F96J60 single-chip microcomputer.
A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer, its feature exists In: described power module includes MC34063 DC-DC converter, LDO chip, and MC34063 DC-DC converter is used for Thering is provided 5V power supply, LDO chip is used for exporting 3.3V power supply.
CN201620558606.1U 2016-06-08 2016-06-08 A kind of transformer insulation oil on-line monitoring system based on PIC single chip microcomputer Expired - Fee Related CN205749513U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107764325A (en) * 2017-10-13 2018-03-06 南京力通达电气技术有限公司 A kind of transformer wall-hanging comprehensive on-line monitoring apparatus
CN107884669A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-04-06 国网山东省电力公司高密市供电公司 A kind of distribution transformer operating state monitoring system
CN109410544A (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-03-01 广州源贸易有限公司 A kind of enterprise security early warning system that early warning effect is good
CN114047322A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-02-15 中国科学技术大学 Cotton fiber cooperative detection system and method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107764325A (en) * 2017-10-13 2018-03-06 南京力通达电气技术有限公司 A kind of transformer wall-hanging comprehensive on-line monitoring apparatus
CN107884669A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-04-06 国网山东省电力公司高密市供电公司 A kind of distribution transformer operating state monitoring system
CN109410544A (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-03-01 广州源贸易有限公司 A kind of enterprise security early warning system that early warning effect is good
CN114047322A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-02-15 中国科学技术大学 Cotton fiber cooperative detection system and method

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Granted publication date: 20161130

Termination date: 20170608