CN205736983U - Wheel hub motor braking system of electric car - Google Patents
Wheel hub motor braking system of electric car Download PDFInfo
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- CN205736983U CN205736983U CN201620435025.9U CN201620435025U CN205736983U CN 205736983 U CN205736983 U CN 205736983U CN 201620435025 U CN201620435025 U CN 201620435025U CN 205736983 U CN205736983 U CN 205736983U
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- magnetic powder
- wheel hub
- hub motor
- electromagnetic actuator
- brake
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Abstract
The utility model discloses wheel hub motor braking system of electric car.Brake system power size on conventional electric automobile is difficult to control to, and accumulator repeated charge, the life-span is low.In this utility model, each inside wheel is integrated with wheel hub motor, electric machine controller, planetary reduction gear and magnetic powder brake；Each wheel hub motor is by a motor controller controls；Wheel hub motor connects magnetic powder brake through planetary reduction gear, and magnetic powder brake output shaft is with bolts with wheel hub；Gear ring constitutes revolute pair with speed reducer housing, and is connected by multiple electromagnetic actuators with speed reducer housing；Electromagnetic actuator carrys out the break-make of power transmission between wheel hub motor and wheel by controlling gear ring.This utility model effective allocation feedback brake force and non-regenerative braking power；Regenerative braking power is preferentially for vehicle mounted electrical apparatus；During automobile emergency brake, gear ring dallies, and protects motor.
Description
Technical field
This utility model belongs to electric automobile field, is specifically related to the electric vehicle brake of In-wheel motor driving
System.
Background technology
Electric automobile, with its zero-emission, the superiority of environmental protection and energy saving, becomes the Chaoyang of automotive field in recent years
Industry.And the application of wheel hub motor allows the maneuverability of electric automobile surmount orthodox car especially, and significantly
Simplify car transmissions.One of bottleneck for restriction Development of Electric Vehicles is electric automobile at present
Course continuation mileage is compared with orthodox car still gap.The course continuation mileage the most how improving electric automobile is electricity
One of focus of electrical automobile research field.When on electric automobile, the application of Regenerative Braking Technology is by braking automobile
Changes mechanical energy be electric energy re-use, improve the continual mileage of electric automobile.
Regeneration brake system, is the reversibility utilizing motor the most mostly.During automobile brake, motor is made to transport
The feedback current that braking produces, at Generator Status, is filled with in accumulator by row.In terms of braking force distribution,
Owing to conventional electric automobile is mostly forerunner or rear-guard, the braking on front-wheel or trailing wheel can only be reclaimed
Power, it is impossible to reclaim the braking energy on four wheels.
Secondly, in the brakes on conventional electric automobile, mechanical braking often uses hydraulic braking.Machinery
Brake force size is difficult to high accuracy control, causes regenerative braking power to realize with the distribution of mechanical braking force
Get up relatively difficult.
Again, at the urban traffic situation needing frequent starting to brake, accumulator discharge and recharge the most rapidly, make
The life of storage battery is substantially reduced.Reclaim a small amount of electric energy, but damaged the accumulator of costliness, lost more than gain.
For this problem, there is part designer to increase a super capacitor to brakes, be used for temporarily storing energy
Amount, but super capacitor price exceeds ten times than equal energy storage capacity lithium battery price, much more expensive.And
And, additional super capacitor adds again the weight of electric automobile, makes continual mileage reduce.
Moreover, when automobile is in the extreme case of brake hard, feedback current is excessive, may
Motor damage.Traditional brake energy recovering system does not design effectively protects motor under extremity
Structure and measure.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is the deficiency for present wheel hub motor electric automobile regeneration brake system,
A kind of wheel hub motor braking system of electric car safe, economic, efficient is proposed.
This utility model includes brake unit and control system.Described brake unit include wheel hub motor,
Electric machine controller, planetary reduction gear, electromagnetic actuator, magnetic powder brake and car lithium battery；Each car
Wheel is internal is all integrated with wheel hub motor, electric machine controller, planetary reduction gear and magnetic powder brake；Described
Electric machine controller is fixed on vehicle frame, and the stator of wheel hub motor is fixed on vehicle frame, each wheel hub motor by
One motor controller controls；Wheel hub motor connects magnetic powder brake, magnetic powder brake through planetary reduction gear
Output shaft is with bolts with wheel hub.Planetary reduction gear includes that gear ring, speed reducer housing and electromagnetism perform
Device；Speed reducer housing is bearing on the magnetic powder brake power shaft of magnetic powder brake by bearing；Gear ring with
Speed reducer housing constitutes revolute pair, and is connected by multiple electromagnetic actuators with speed reducer housing.
Described magnetic powder brake is by yoke, magnetizing coil, rotor, magnetic powder, plate boots, rear end cap, axle
Hold, drive end bearing bracket, magnetic powder brake power shaft and magnetic powder brake output shaft composition.Described magnetic powder brake
The two ends of power shaft are bearing on reducer shell and the drive end bearing bracket of planetary reduction gear by bearing respectively；Magnetic
One end external splines of powder brake output shaft is connected with the internal spline of magnetic powder brake power shaft, the other end with
Hub for vehicle wheel is bolted；Rear end cap is fixed with vehicle frame, and magnetic powder brake output shaft is propped up by bearing
Hold on rear end cap；Rotor and plate boots are arranged between forward and backward end cap；Rotor is fixed on magnetic powder brake
On power shaft；Plate boots are circular ring structure, are fixed on rear end cap, arrange with rotor coaxial, and and rotor
Radial clearance in insert magnetic powder.Yoke is enclosed within outside rotor, and two ends are fixed with forward and backward end cap respectively；
Equipped with excitatory line inside yoke.
Described control system includes accumulator circuit DC/DC transducer, AC/DC transducer, motor lines
Road DC/DC transducer, brake pedal position sensor, vehicle speed sensor, storage battery charge state sense
Device, entire car controller, vehicle mounted electrical apparatus, contactor S1, contactor control coil KJ1, electromagnetism are held
Row device switch S2 and electromagnetic actuator on-off control coil KJ2.Four magnetic powders brakes of vehicle control unit controls
Device, four electric machine controllers, contactor control coil KJ1 and electromagnetic actuator on-off control coil
KJ2；Contactor control coil KJ1 control circuit switch S1, electromagnetic actuator on-off control coil KJ2
Control electromagnetic actuator switch S2；The positive pole connection circuit switch S1 and electromagnetic actuator switch S2 of accumulator
One end, one end of another termination accumulator line road DC/DC transducer of contactor S1；Accumulator
Another termination motor lines road DC/DC transducer, vehicle mounted electrical apparatus and four magnetic powders of circuit DC/DC transducer
Excitatory line one end of brake；Another termination AD/DC changer of motor circuit DC/DC transducer
One end；Four electric machine controllers also couple the other end of AD/DC changer, the control of each electric machine controller
The control input of the corresponding wheel hub motor of system output termination；Four wheel hub motor parallel connections connect the another of vehicle mounted electrical apparatus
One end, the negative pole of accumulator and the other end of four excitatory lines；The electric magnet of all electromagnetic actuators is also
It is connected in the other end and the battery terminal negative of electromagnetic actuator switch S2.Brake pedal position sensor is examined
GES that the brake pedal position signal that measures, vehicle speed sensor detect, storage battery charge state
The storage battery charge state signal that sensor detects is separately input in entire car controller, entire car controller
Calculate non-regenerative braking power and the size of regenerative braking force on each wheel.Non-regenerative braking power size be by
The exciting current size of vehicle control unit controls magnetic powder brake, thus control magnetic powder brake braking moment
Size and obtain.And regenerative braking force size is to be controlled motor by entire car controller by electric machine controller
The size of braking moment and obtain.
Described planetary reduction gear also includes sun gear, planetary gear and planet carrier.Described sun gear is fixed
On the motor output shaft of wheel hub motor, and by nibbling with gear ring with three planetary gears being uniformly distributed along the circumference
Close；Planetary gear constitutes revolute pair with the end of planet carrier；The center of planet carrier inputs with magnetic powder brake
Axle is connected by spline.Described gear ring lateral surface offers the multiple circular grooves being uniformly distributed along the circumference, the number of circular groove
Measure equal with the quantity of electromagnetic actuator；Speed reducer housing offers four apertures and circular groove being uniformly distributed along the circumference
The circular hole that groove width is equal.
Described electromagnetic actuator is made up of block, slide bar, spring, electric magnet and electromagnetic actuator shell.
Described electromagnetic actuator shell is fixed by bolts on speed reducer housing, and electric magnet is fixed on electromagnetism and performs
On device shell.Described slide bar one end is fixed on electric magnet, and block constitutes sliding pair with the slide bar other end.
Spring is nested with on slide bar, and two ends contact with electric magnet and block respectively.The block of each electromagnetic actuator
It is arranged in the circular hole that speed reducer housing is corresponding；Block embeds gear ring lateral surface under the action of the spring
In circular groove.
This utility model compared with prior art has the advantage that
1, use the magnetic powder brake improved to provide non-regenerative braking power, not only eliminate fluid pressure line
Arrange, and the size of braking moment is the most linear with the size of exciting current, non-regenerative braking
Moment can be effectively controlled so that regenerative braking power can effectively fall with the distribution of non-regenerative braking power
Real.
2, in planetary reduction gear, the gear ring fixing device of electromagnetic actuator can realize the fixing of gear ring with
Release, when automobile is in the unexpected brake hard of extreme case, electric magnet energising adhesive block release gear ring,
Make gear ring dally, protect motor.
3, the electric energy that light brake is recovered to is directly used in vehicle mounted electrical apparatus, and the braking of minority severe recovers energy,
Just unnecessary electric energy can be filled with accumulator.When greatly reducing regenerative braking, motor charges to accumulator
Frequency.Avoid and repeatedly charge to accumulator and make the reduced lifetime of accumulator.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model；
Fig. 2 is assembling schematic diagram of the present utility model；
Fig. 3 is the structure sectional view of planetary reduction gear in this utility model；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of control system in this utility model.
In figure: 1, wheel hub motor, 1-1, motor output shaft, 2, electric machine controller, 3, planetary reduction gear
Device, 3-1, sun gear, 3-2, planetary gear, 3-3, planet carrier, 3-4, gear ring, 3-5, decelerator
Shell, 4, electromagnetic actuator, 4-1, block, 4-2, slide bar, 4-3, spring, 4-4, electric magnet,
4-5, electromagnetic actuator shell, 5, magnetic powder brake, 5-1, yoke, 5-2, magnetizing coil, 5-3,
Rotor, 5-4, magnetic powder, 5-5, plate boots, 5-6, rear end cap, 5-7, bearing, 5-8, drive end bearing bracket, 6,
Wheel hub, 7, tire, 8, magnetic powder brake power shaft, 9, magnetic powder brake output shaft, 10, electric power storage
Pond, 11, battery circuit DC/DC changer, 12, AC/DC changer, 13, motor circuit DC/DC
Changer, 14, brake pedal position sensor, 15, vehicle speed sensor, 16, storage battery charge state
Sensor, 17, entire car controller, 18, vehicle mounted electrical apparatus, S1, contactor, KJ1, contactor
Control coil, S2, electromagnetic actuator control switch, KJ2, electromagnetic actuator on-off control coil.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, this utility model detailed description of the invention is further described.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, wheel hub motor braking system of electric car, including brake unit and control system
System.Brake unit include wheel hub motor 1, electric machine controller 2, planetary reduction gear 3, electromagnetic actuator 4,
Magnetic powder brake 5 and car lithium battery 10.Each inside wheel is integrated with wheel hub motor 1, motor control
Device 2 processed, planetary reduction gear 3 and magnetic powder brake 4；Electric machine controller 2 is fixed on vehicle frame, wheel hub
The stator (shell) of motor 1 is fixed on vehicle frame, and each wheel hub motor 1 is by an electric machine controller control
System.Wheel hub motor 1 connects magnetic powder brake 5 through planetary reduction gear 3, magnetic powder brake output shaft 9 with
Wheel hub 6 is with bolts；Tire 7 is nested with on wheel hub 6.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, planetary reduction gear 3 includes sun gear 3-1, planetary gear 3-2, planet carrier
3-3, gear ring 3-4, speed reducer housing 3-5 and electromagnetic actuator 4.Sun gear 3-1 is fixed on wheel hub electricity
On the motor output shaft 1-1 of machine 1, and by with three the planetary gear 3-2 being uniformly distributed along the circumference and gear ring 3-4
Engagement；Gear ring 3-4 and speed reducer housing 3-5 constitutes revolute pair, planetary gear 3-2 and planet carrier 3-3's
End constitutes revolute pair；The center of planet carrier 3-3 is connected by spline with magnetic powder brake power shaft 8.
It is the circular groove of 10mm that gear ring 3-4 lateral surface offers eight groove depths being uniformly distributed along the circumference；Speed reducer housing 3-5
Offer the circular hole that four apertures being uniformly distributed along the circumference are equal with circular groove groove width.
As it is shown on figure 3, electromagnetic actuator 4 is by block 4-1, slide bar 4-2, spring 4-3, electric magnet
4-4 and electromagnetic actuator shell 4-5 composition.Electromagnetic actuator shell 4-5 is fixed by bolts to decelerator
On shell 3-5, electric magnet 4-4 is fixed on electromagnetic actuator shell 4-5.Slide bar 4-2 fixes one end
On electric magnet 4-4, block 4-1 constitutes sliding pair with the slide bar 4-2 other end.Spring 4-2 is nested with
On slide bar 4-2, two ends contact with electric magnet 4-4 and block 4-1 respectively.The gear of four electromagnetic actuators
Block 4-1 is separately positioned in corresponding for speed reducer housing 3-5 a circular hole；Block 4-1 is at spring 4-3
In the lower circular groove embedding gear ring 3-4 lateral surface of effect thus during fixed gear ring 3-4, electric magnet 4-4 energising
Block 4-1 sucking-off in circular groove.
As in figure 2 it is shown, magnetic powder brake 5 is by yoke 5-1, magnetizing coil 5-2, rotor 5-3, magnetic powder
5-4, plate boots 5-5, rear end cap 5-6, bearing 5-7, drive end bearing bracket 5-8, magnetic powder brake power shaft 8
Form with magnetic powder brake output shaft 9.The two ends of magnetic powder brake power shaft 8 are respectively by bearing 5-7
It is bearing on reducer shell 3-5 and drive end bearing bracket 5-8；One end external splines of magnetic powder brake output shaft 9
Being connected with the internal spline of magnetic powder brake power shaft 8, the other end is bolted with hub for vehicle wheel；After
End cap 5-6 fixes with vehicle frame, and magnetic powder brake output shaft 9 is bearing in rear end cap 5-6 by bearing 5-7
On；Rotor 5-3 and plate boots 5-5 is arranged between forward and backward end cap；Rotor 5-3 is fixed on magnetic powders brake
On device power shaft 8；Plate boots 5-5 is circular ring structure, is fixed on rear end cap 5-6, same with rotor 5-3
Axle is arranged, and inserts permeability and heat-resist magnetic powder 5-4 in the radial clearance of rotor 5-3.
Yoke 5-1 is enclosed within outside rotor, and two ends are fixed with forward and backward end cap respectively；Equipped with excitatory line inside yoke
5-2.For saving space, bearing 5-7 designs inside magnetic powder brake 5.
Magnetic powder brake 5 can realize automobile by setting moment braking.When excitatory line 5-2 no power,
Rotor rotates, and due to the effect of centrifugal force, magnetic powder is got rid of on the inwall of rotor, between magnetic powder and plate boots
Being not in contact with, wheel hub motor 1 band motor car wheel rotates.Produce after excitatory line 5-2 connects DC source
Electromagnetic field, working media magnetic powder forms magnetic powder chain under magnetic line of force effect, rotor, plate boots is linked up,
Owing to plate boots are fixed, rotor is braked.Exciting curent and the braking moment of magnetic powder brake are the most linear
Relation, can control the size of braking moment by the size controlling exciting current, it is simple to dividing of brake force
Join.
As shown in Figure 4, control system includes accumulator circuit DC/DC transducer 11, AC/DC transducer
12, motor circuit DC/DC transducer 13, brake pedal position sensor 14, vehicle speed sensor 15,
Storage battery charge state sensor 16, entire car controller 17, vehicle mounted electrical apparatus 18, contactor S1, electricity
Way switch control coil KJ1, electromagnetic actuator switch S2 and electromagnetic actuator on-off control coil KJ2.
Entire car controller 17 controls four magnetic powder brakes 5, four electric machine controllers 2, contactor control lines
Circle KJ1 and electromagnetic actuator on-off control coil KJ2；Contactor control coil KJ1 control circuit is left
Close S1, electromagnetic actuator on-off control coil KJ2 and control electromagnetic actuator switch S2；Accumulator 10
Positive pole connection circuit switch S1 and one end of electromagnetic actuator switch S2, another termination of contactor S1
One end of accumulator circuit DC/DC transducer 11；The other end of accumulator circuit DC/DC transducer 11
Connect motor circuit DC/DC transducer 13, vehicle mounted electrical apparatus 18 and the excitatory line of four magnetic powder brakes 5
5-2 one end；One end of another termination AD/DC changer 12 of motor circuit DC/DC transducer 13；
Four electric machine controllers 2 also couple the other end of AD/DC changer 12, each electric machine controller 2
Control output end connects the control input of corresponding wheel hub motor 1；The parallel connection of four wheel hub motors 1 connects vehicle mounted electric
The other end of the excitatory line 5-2 of the other end of device 18, the negative pole of accumulator 10 and four；All electromagnetism
The electric magnet 4-4 of executor is also connected in the other end and accumulator 10 negative pole of electromagnetic actuator switch S2.
Brake pedal position signal, vehicle speed sensor 15 that brake pedal position sensor 14 detects detect
GES, the storage battery charge state signal that detects of storage battery charge state sensor 16 respectively
Be input in entire car controller 17, entire car controller 17 calculate on each wheel non-regenerative braking power with again
The size of raw brake force.Non-regenerative braking power size is to be controlled magnetic powder brake 5 by entire car controller 17
Exciting current size, thus control the size of magnetic powder brake 5 braking moment and obtain.And regenerative braking
Power size is the size being controlled motor 1 braking moment by entire car controller 17 by electric machine controller 2
And obtain.
The work process of this wheel hub motor braking system of electric car is as follows: include braking force distribution process and
Energy regenerating utilizes process.
Braking force distribution process is specific as follows:
1, the signal that entire car controller 17 records according to brake pedal position sensor 14 obtains demand
Total braking force F size, by the total braking force F of demand by taking turns braking force distribution relation allocation before and after ideal
To front and rear wheel, the computing formula of preferable front and back wheel braking force distribution relation is:
In formula, G is automobile gravity；B is automobile barycenter to the distance of rear shaft center's line；hgFor automobile matter
Heart height, L is the wheelbase of automobile axle；FfIt is the total braking force that is assigned to of two front-wheels, FrIt is two
The total braking force that individual trailing wheel is assigned to.
2, entire car controller 17 is by FrIt is averagely allocated to two trailing wheels, by FfIt is averagely allocated to two front-wheels.
3, the distribution of non-regenerative braking power and regenerative braking force is carried out on each wheel, each wheel non-
Regenerative braking power is consistent with regenerative braking force distribution principle, existing as a example by trailing wheel, carries out non-regenerative braking power
Distribution with regenerative braking force.
First detection accumulator remaining capacity SOC, when accumulator dump energy is relatively expired, charging can be to storage
Battery causes damage.At SOC > in the case of 85%, accumulator does not allows to be electrically charged.Meanwhile, combine
Close the impact considering accumulator with wheel hub motor, by the distribution between non-regenerative braking power and regenerative braking force
It is divided into following four situation.Wheel hub motor stopping power passes through the wheel hub motor maximum braking under speed v
Moment is expressed, i.e. Tmot=TmotmaxKv, wherein, KvFor the motor braking moment factor under corresponding speed, Tmotmax
For the peak torque of wheel hub motor, Kv、TmotmaxDetermined by the parameter of electric machine.
1. working as SOC > 85%, when speed is higher than 20km/h, accumulator does not allow to charge, and wheel hub motor
Stopping power is stronger.The brake force of wheel is preferentially distributed to wheel hub motor and is carried out energy regenerating, regenerative power
Maximum be vehicle mounted electrical apparatus power Pele, remaining brake force is undertaken by magnetic powder brake, i.e. regenerative braking
Power Fmot=min (Pele/ (4v), 0.5Fr), min for taking minima, non-regenerative braking power Fmp=0.5Fr-Fmot,
Wherein, PeleFor vehicle mounted electrical apparatus power.
2. working as SOC > 85%, when speed is less than 20km/h, accumulator does not allow charging, wheel hub motor system
Kinetic force is more weak.The brake force of wheel is preferentially distributed to wheel hub motor and is carried out energy regenerating, and wheel hub motor
Regenerative braking force is by vehicle mounted electrical apparatus power PeleJointly limit with motor braking ability, i.e.
Fmot=min (Pele/(4v),TmotmaxKv/ r, 0.5Fr), Fmp=0.5Fr-Fmot, wherein, r is wheel external diameter.
3., when SOC≤85%, when speed is higher than 20km/h, accumulator allows charging, motor braking energy
Power is stronger.The brake force of wheel is preferentially distributed to wheel hub motor and is carried out energy regenerating, but regenerative power is
Big value is vehicle mounted electrical apparatus and peak power P of accumulator chargingbatSum, remaining brake force is by magnetic powders brake
Device undertakes, i.e. Fmot=min [(Pele+Pbat)/(4v), 0.5Fr], Fmp=0.5Fr-Fmot。
4., when SOC≤85%, when speed is less than 20km/h, accumulator allows charging, motor braking energy
Power is more weak.The brake force of wheel is preferentially distributed to wheel hub motor and is carried out energy regenerating, but the maximum reclaimed
For the limits value of motor braking ability, remaining braking is undertaken by magnetic powder brake, i.e. Fmot=
min(TmotmaxKv/ r, 0.5Fr), Fmp=0.5Fr-Fmot。
Energy regenerating utilizes process to include following two processes: 1, control the electricity that hub generator 1 produces
Stream flows to, thus controls the utilization to the electric energy that wheel hub motor produces in Motor Vehicle Braking Procedure；2, control
The working condition of electromagnetic actuator 4 processed, thus control the break-make of power transmission between wheel hub motor and wheel.
Control utilization to the electric energy that wheel hub motor produces in Motor Vehicle Braking Procedure: in accumulator 10 and
Accessing electric-controlled switch S1 in the middle of DC/DC transducer 11, entire car controller 17 is by control coil KJ1's
Electric current carrys out the break-make of control circuit switch S1.Step on according to the acceleration that accelerator pedal position sensor 14 transmits
GES v, battery charge state sensor 16 that Board position signal, vehicle speed sensor transmit transmit
Battery charge state signal controls the electric current in electric-controlled switch control coil KJ1, carrys out control circuit switch S1
Break-make, switch on or off accumulator, control the current direction that hub generator 1 produces, thus control
The system utilization to the electric energy that wheel hub motor produces in Motor Vehicle Braking Procedure.When contactor S1 closes,
Wheel hub motor 1 is connected in parallel with accumulator 10, magnetic powder brake 5 and vehicle mounted electrical apparatus 18；When circuit is opened
When closing S1 disconnection, accumulator 10 is cut off from circuit, it is impossible to wheel hub motor 1, magnetic powder brake 5
And vehicle mounted electrical apparatus 18 powers, meanwhile, when braking, accumulator 10 does not the most receive the charging of wheel hub motor 1.
Concrete condition is as follows:
1. vehicle running driving, the i.e. brake pedal position of accelerator pedal position sensor 14 detection are worked as
During signal N=0.Entire car controller 17 provides high level to electric-controlled switch control coil KJ1, and circuit is opened
Closing S1 and be in closure state, accumulator provides electric energy to wheel hub motor and vehicle mounted electrical apparatus.
2. it is in on-position when automobile, i.e. during brake pedal position signal N ＞ 0, electric-controlled switch control
The state of coil KJ1 processed also will be according to accumulator remaining capacity SOC and current four wheel hub motors braking
Power sum PmotJudge, Pmot=4vFmot.Work as SOC > 85% or Pmot＜ Pele, entire car controller 17 gives electricity
Control on-off control coil KJ1 provide low level, and contactor S1 is off, and wheel hub motor returns
The energy received and come only is only supplied vehicle mounted electrical apparatus and magnetic powder brake 5 uses, and does not charges a battery.
3. it is in on-position, another SOC≤85% and P when automobilemot≥PeleTime, entire car controller 17
Thering is provided high level to electric-controlled switch control coil KJ1, contactor S1 is in closure state, and motor returns
The energy received and come is not provided only to vehicle mounted electrical apparatus and magnetic powder brake 5, and unnecessary electric energy fills to accumulator
Electricity.
Electromagnetic actuator 4 controls the break-make of power transmission between wheel hub motor and wheel: planetary reduction gear
Accumulator 10 two ends are accessed after electromagnetic actuator 4 series electrical magnetic executor switch S2.Entire car controller 17
Control the electric current of electromagnetic actuator switch coil KJ2 according to GES, thus control electromagnetic actuator
Control the break-make of electromagnetic actuator switch S2, control the working condition of electromagnetic actuator 4.Non-drastically
During on-position, entire car controller 17 provides low level, electromagnetism to electromagnetic actuator switch coil KJ2
Executor switchs coil KJ2 no current, and electromagnetic actuator switch S2 disconnects, and electromagnetic actuator 4 is obstructed
Electricity, block 4-1 is against in the circular groove of gear ring 3-4 under the effect of spring 4-3, at block 4-1 and subtracting
Under the effect of speed device shell 3-5, gear ring 3-4 is fixed.Power is by the sun gear 3-1 of planetary reduction gear
It is transmitted to planet carrier 3-3, so that power is transmitted to wheel from wheel hub motor.When speed drastically declines, sentence
Car of cutting steam is in fierce braking state, and entire car controller 17 controls electromagnetic actuator on-off control coil KJ2
Energising, electromagnetic actuator provides high level to electromagnetic actuator switch coil KJ2, makes electromagnetic actuator control
Electromagnetic actuator processed switch S2 Guan Bi, electromagnetic actuator 4 is energized, and electric magnet 4-4 overcomes spring 4-3
Adhesive block 4-1, gear ring 3-4 are released, i.e. wheel drives gear ring idle running, is equivalent to motor and wheel
Between power connect cut-off, be effectively protected motor.Concrete condition is as follows:
1. it is in non-fierce braking state, i.e. pickup a ＞-8m/s when automobile2Time, car load electricity
Machine controller 17 provides low level to electromagnetic actuator switch coil KJ2, makes electromagnetic actuator switch S2
Being off, electromagnetic actuator does not works, and power is passed to wheel by wheel hub motor.
2. it is in fierce braking state, i.e. pickup a≤-8m/s when automobile2Time, car load motor
Controller 17 provides high level to electromagnetic actuator switch coil KJ2, makes at electromagnetic actuator switch S2
In closure state, electromagnetic actuator 4 works, electric magnet 4-4 adhesive block 4-1, discharges gear ring 3-4,
Gear ring can dally, and is equivalent to the power transmission having cut off between wheel hub motor and wheel.Under extreme operating condition,
Protect wheel hub motor.
Claims (3)
1. wheel hub motor braking system of electric car, including brake unit and control system, it is characterised in that:
Described brake unit includes wheel hub motor, electric machine controller, planetary reduction gear, electromagnetic actuator, magnetic powder system
Dynamic device and car lithium battery；Each inside wheel is integrated with wheel hub motor, electric machine controller, planetary reduction gear
And magnetic powder brake；Described electric machine controller is fixed on vehicle frame, and the stator of wheel hub motor is fixed on vehicle frame,
Each wheel hub motor is by a motor controller controls；Wheel hub motor connects magnetic powder brake through planetary reduction gear,
Magnetic powder brake output shaft is with bolts with wheel hub；Planetary reduction gear includes gear ring, speed reducer housing and electricity
Magnetic executor；Speed reducer housing is bearing on the magnetic powder brake power shaft of magnetic powder brake by bearing；Gear ring
Constitute revolute pair with speed reducer housing, and be connected by multiple electromagnetic actuators with speed reducer housing；
Described magnetic powder brake by yoke, magnetizing coil, rotor, magnetic powder, plate boots, rear end cap, bearing,
Drive end bearing bracket, magnetic powder brake power shaft and magnetic powder brake output shaft composition；Described magnetic powder brake power shaft
Two ends are bearing on reducer shell and the drive end bearing bracket of planetary reduction gear by bearing respectively；Magnetic powder brake exports
One end external splines of axle is connected with the internal spline of magnetic powder brake power shaft, and the other end and hub for vehicle wheel pass through bolt
Connect；Rear end cap is fixed with vehicle frame, and magnetic powder brake output shaft is bearing on rear end cap by bearing；Rotor and
Plate boots are arranged between forward and backward end cap；Rotor is fixed on magnetic powder brake power shaft；Plate boots are circular ring structure,
It is fixed on rear end cap, arranges with rotor coaxial, and insert magnetic powder in the radial clearance of rotor；Yoke is enclosed within
Outside rotor, and two ends are fixed with forward and backward end cap respectively；Equipped with excitatory line inside yoke；
Described control system includes accumulator circuit DC/DC transducer, AC/DC transducer, motor circuit
DC/DC transducer, brake pedal position sensor, vehicle speed sensor, storage battery charge state sensor, whole
Vehicle controller, vehicle mounted electrical apparatus, contactor S1, contactor control coil KJ1, electromagnetic actuator switch
S2 and electromagnetic actuator on-off control coil KJ2；Four magnetic powder brakes of vehicle control unit controls, four motors
Controller, contactor control coil KJ1 and electromagnetic actuator on-off control coil KJ2；Contactor controls
Coil KJ1 control circuit switch S1, electromagnetic actuator on-off control coil KJ2 control electromagnetic actuator switch
S2；The positive pole connection circuit switch S1 of accumulator and one end of electromagnetic actuator switch S2, contactor S1's
One end of another termination accumulator line road DC/DC transducer；Another termination of accumulator circuit DC/DC transducer
Excitatory line one end of motor circuit DC/DC transducer, vehicle mounted electrical apparatus and four magnetic powder brakes；Motor circuit
One end of another termination AD/DC changer of DC/DC transducer；Four electric machine controllers also couple AD/DC change
The other end of parallel operation, the control output end of each electric machine controller connects the control input of corresponding wheel hub motor；Four
Individual wheel hub motor parallel connection connects the other end of vehicle mounted electrical apparatus, the negative pole of accumulator and the other end of four excitatory lines；
The electric magnet of all electromagnetic actuators is also connected in the other end and the battery terminal negative of electromagnetic actuator switch S2；
The speed letter that brake pedal position signal that brake pedal position sensor detects, vehicle speed sensor detect
Number, the storage battery charge state signal that detects of storage battery charge state sensor be separately input to entire car controller
In, entire car controller calculates non-regenerative braking power and the size of regenerative braking force on each wheel；Non-regenerative braking
Power size is by the exciting current size of vehicle control unit controls magnetic powder brake, thus controls magnetic powder brake system
The size of kinetic moment and obtain；And regenerative braking force size is to be controlled electricity by entire car controller by electric machine controller
The size of brake force square and obtain.
Wheel hub motor braking system of electric car the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Planetary reduction gear also include sun gear, planetary gear and planet carrier；Described sun gear is fixed on wheel hub motor
On motor output shaft, and by engaging with gear ring with three planetary gears being uniformly distributed along the circumference；Planetary gear and planet carrier
End constitute revolute pair；The center of planet carrier is connected by spline with magnetic powder brake power shaft；Described
Gear ring lateral surface offers the multiple circular grooves being uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the quantity of circular groove is equal with the quantity of electromagnetic actuator；
Speed reducer housing offers the circular hole that four apertures being uniformly distributed along the circumference are equal with circular groove groove width.
Wheel hub motor braking system of electric car the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Electromagnetic actuator be made up of block, slide bar, spring, electric magnet and electromagnetic actuator shell；Described electromagnetism
Executor's shell is fixed by bolts on speed reducer housing, and electric magnet is fixed on electromagnetic actuator shell；Described
Slide bar one end be fixed on electric magnet, block and the slide bar other end constitute sliding pair；Spring is nested with on slide bar,
Two ends contact with electric magnet and block respectively；It is corresponding that the block of each electromagnetic actuator is arranged on speed reducer housing
In one circular hole；Block embeds in the circular groove of gear ring lateral surface under the action of the spring.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201620435025.9U CN205736983U (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | Wheel hub motor braking system of electric car |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620435025.9U CN205736983U (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | Wheel hub motor braking system of electric car |
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| CN205736983U true CN205736983U (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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| CN201620435025.9U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205736983U (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | Wheel hub motor braking system of electric car |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105946589A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Wheel hub motor electric car braking system and braking energy recovery control method |
| CN107117071A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-01 | 南京汽车集团有限公司 | New-energy electric vehicle magnetic-powder-type two speed transmission and its process for gear |
| CN107143645A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-08 | 南京汽车集团有限公司 | A kind of shift transmission of electric automobile two |
| CN108528203A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-09-14 | 南通市广益机电有限责任公司 | The electrically driven wheel of braking device |
| CN110722976A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2020-01-24 | 郭成武 | Hub type four-drive dual-rotor variable-frequency variable-voltage generator pure electric car power system |
| CN114216701A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-03-22 | 襄阳达安汽车检测中心有限公司 | Automobile wheel speed simulator with electromagnetic compatibility and wheel speed adaptability |
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2016
- 2016-05-12 CN CN201620435025.9U patent/CN205736983U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105946589A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Wheel hub motor electric car braking system and braking energy recovery control method |
| CN105946589B (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2018-04-20 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Wheel hub motor braking system of electric car and Brake energy recovery control method |
| CN107117071A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-01 | 南京汽车集团有限公司 | New-energy electric vehicle magnetic-powder-type two speed transmission and its process for gear |
| CN107143645A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-08 | 南京汽车集团有限公司 | A kind of shift transmission of electric automobile two |
| CN107117071B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-11-19 | 南京汽车集团有限公司 | New-energy electric vehicle magnetic-powder-type two speed transmission and its process for gear |
| CN108528203A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-09-14 | 南通市广益机电有限责任公司 | The electrically driven wheel of braking device |
| CN110722976A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2020-01-24 | 郭成武 | Hub type four-drive dual-rotor variable-frequency variable-voltage generator pure electric car power system |
| CN114216701A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-03-22 | 襄阳达安汽车检测中心有限公司 | Automobile wheel speed simulator with electromagnetic compatibility and wheel speed adaptability |
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