CN205714846U - A kind of single-stage direct-drive supercharged centrifugal air compressor of vehicle fuel battery engine - Google Patents

A kind of single-stage direct-drive supercharged centrifugal air compressor of vehicle fuel battery engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN205714846U
CN205714846U CN201620327299.6U CN201620327299U CN205714846U CN 205714846 U CN205714846 U CN 205714846U CN 201620327299 U CN201620327299 U CN 201620327299U CN 205714846 U CN205714846 U CN 205714846U
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China
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main shaft
fuel battery
rotor
vehicle fuel
foil
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201620327299.6U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张智明
章桐
王心坚
许思传
温立军
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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Abstract

This utility model relates to the direct-drive supercharged centrifugal air compressor of single-stage of a kind of vehicle fuel battery engine, air compressor machine is rotated by driven by motor, including stator, main shaft, it is fixed on the rotor in the middle part of main shaft, one end is arranged spiral case and is fixed on the internal impeller being connected with main shaft one end of spiral case, being rotated by rotor ultrahigh speed described in driver drives, the two ends of main shaft are supported by simply supported beam supporting construction.Compared with prior art, this utility model uses heavy-duty motor ultrahigh speed directly to drive the plenum mode of receded disk impeller, use high efficiency permagnetic synchronous motor, oil-free lubrication air paillon foil hydrodynamic bearing and rotor main shaft blade wheel structure integrated design, impeller diameter is little, population structure is simple, compact, volume is little, lightweight, easy installation and removal, the air supply that can meet current full working scope vehicle fuel battery engine uses requirement, in the case of not increasing fuel battery engines volume, improve the volumetric specific power of fuel battery engines.

Description

A kind of single-stage direct-drive supercharged centrifugal air compressor of vehicle fuel battery engine
Technical field
This utility model relates to fuel battery engines technical field, is specifically related to a kind of vehicle fuel battery and starts The high-power super-high-speed single stage supercharging centrifugal air compressor of machine.
Background technology
Air compressor machine is widely used in the fields such as Aero-Space, automobile, pipeline transportation, packaging for foodstuff, in addition, Air compressor machine is one of critical component in new energy source fuel cell automobile engine auxiliary air supply assembly, its output Pressure and flow directly affect the stoichiometric proportion in fuel battery engines, air wetting characteristic and hydro-thermal management Characteristic, and then affect the voltage output of fuel cell pile and the power output of fuel battery engines.
Owing to the power of high-power vehicle fuel battery engine is at hundred multikilowatts, high pressure ratio, being suitable for of big flow One of high-power air compressor machine trend becoming design of fuel battery engines full working scope air demand and supply.Air compressor machine Directly use motor to drive, consume the power of fuel battery car engine self.For improving effective engine power Output, reduces air compressor machine parasitic power consumption, and efficient air compressor machine technology causes extensive concern.It is additionally, since air compressor machine Ultrahigh speed operates, and improves with rotating speed, and rotor bears increasing centrifugal action.Permanent magnet material one in rotor As about comprcssive strength 1000MPa, and about tensile strength 80MPa, there is the characteristic of resistance to compression not tension, The upper general rotor using diameter less of Compressor Rotor design, it is therefore an objective under reduction Super High Speed Condition, centrifugal force is to forever The tensile failure of magnet.But in order to meet the big merit of air supply the output requirement, i.e. motor of high pressure ratio, big flow Rate exports, it is ensured that motor has enough torques output, requires that again rotor has sufficiently large diameter, more than may be used To find out, rotor-main axle structure Sizing requirements is the highest.Additionally, for improving centrifugal compressor output Power, centrifugal air compressor rotor speed typically to reach 100, and the ultrahigh speed state of more than 000rpm is run, and turns Under the synchronized working order of son-main shaft, the bearing supporting high-speed rotary main shaft proposes higher requirement.And it is traditional The leakage of oil that oil-lubricated bearing is avoided unavoidably can enter inside fuel battery engines, affects fuel cell electrochemistry anti- Should, therefore the bearings of oil-free lubrication is the optimum selection of air compressor machine.In sum, select from major axis diameter, The oil-free air inlet of bearing lubrication mode, bearings distance and fuel battery engines itself requires, subzero 30 degree The many-side such as fuel battery engines low-temperature cool starting requirement from the point of view of, existing traditional bearing is difficult to meet fuel electricity The performance requirement of pond engine air compressor and use requirement, even if specific bearing can meet requirement, but also bring along The problem of rotor dynamics stability, ultrahigh speed problem be at present both at home and abroad rotor dynamics area research focus and Difficult point.Air compressor machine ultrahigh speed long-play can cause the danger that bearing supporting member is damaged, increases malfunction monitoring With diagnosis difficulty, superfast rotor also can cause the windmill of rotor surface to be lost, and then brings heat radiation and cooling to ask Topic.Finally, as a part for vehicle fuel battery engine, air compressor structure size require compact, structure Intensity is high.
Utility model content
Defect that the purpose of this utility model is contemplated to overcome above-mentioned prior art to exist and provide one to expire The reality that pressure is big, range of flow is wide of the air supply system of foot 60-80kW high power fuel cell electromotor Demand, has the vehicle fuel electricity of the features such as compact conformation, efficiency height, little, lightweight, the fast response time of volume The single stage supercharging centrifugal air compressor of pond electromotor.
The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of vehicle fuel battery engine The direct-drive supercharged centrifugal air compressor of single-stage, described air compressor machine is rotated by driven by motor, and described air compressor machine includes electricity Machine stator, main shaft, being fixed on the rotor in the middle part of main shaft, one end is arranged spiral case and is fixed on that spiral case is internal and main shaft Impeller that one end connects, driver, rotor ultrahigh speed described in driver drives rotates, the two of described main shaft End is supported by simply supported beam supporting construction.Described heavy-duty motor permanent magnet uses a pair pole and determines with motor The frame mode of big air gap between son, can reach predetermined high rotating speed improving rotating speed under frequency is run.
Air compressor machine rotary shaft uses bilateral radial air foil bearing and the letter of unilateral axial air foil thrust bearing Strutbeam supporting construction, utilizes driver direct-driving motor, rotor driven-main shaft-impeller integral structure ultrahigh speed Rotate, it is achieved receded disk impeller high speed rotating, realize fuel battery engines plenum by impeller spiral case.With Time by controlling motor driver, directly regulation rotor rotating speed, regulate delivery air pressure and the purpose of flow, Change the stoichiometric proportion of fuel cell pile air, improve the hydrogen-oxygen electrochemical reaction on fuel cell membrane electrode Efficiency, improves the output of fuel battery engines power.
This utility model uses the supercharging mode of single-stage impeller spiral case, and simple in construction, natural air is through volute air-inlet mouth Introduce, and after impeller high speed rotating compresses, flow out through gas outlet, it is achieved the function of ultrahigh speed rotating boosting.Property Index can reach high pressure ratio (2.5bar), big flow (100g/s), meet the high-power vehicle fuel of 60-80kW The air mass flow supply requirement that battery engine is interior on a large scale.Output loads unidirectional cloth is used in air compressor machine overall structure Putting, i.e. one motor of air compressor machine population structure intermediate arrangement, comprise motor stator and rotor, motor one side rotates and carries Lotus exports, and uses single impeller worm frame, and impeller, by coupling together through main shaft-rotor structure, forms one Body structure, impeller-main shaft-rotor structure passes through simply supported beam supporting form, by bearing and bearing block by rotation is System (main shaft, rotor and impeller) supports, it is ensured that its most stable rotation.Driver is utilized directly to drive Galvanic electricity machine, rotor driven-main shaft-impeller integral structure ultrahigh speed rotates, it is achieved receded disk impeller ultrahigh speed rotates Produce pressure-air.Simultaneously by controlling motor driver, directly regulate rotor-main shaft-wheel speed, root According to fuel battery engines demand, regulation delivery air pressure and the purpose of flow, change fuel cell pile air Stoichiometric proportion, improve the hydrogen on fuel cell membrane electrode, oxygen electrochemical reaction, promote fuel cell and send out Motivation performance.
Described simply supported beam supporting construction includes the radial air foil bearing a being arranged on main shaft impeller end and sets Put in the radial air foil bearing b of the main shaft other end and axial air foil dynamical pressure thrust bearing, described radial direction Air foil bearing a uses circumference uniform distribution screw to be fixed on the outside of described main shaft, described axial air paillon foil thrust Bearing uses hub form to be fixed on the outside of described main shaft, and described radial air foil bearing b uses circumference equal Cloth screw is fixed on outside described axial air foil thrust bearing.
Use bilateral radial air paillon foil journal bearing to support and unilateral axial air foil thrust bearing provides axially The form of dynamic balance.Paillon foil, between axle and bearing, compresses paillon foil and produces pressure-air film during main shaft high speed rotating And make main shaft be suspended between air foil bearing, and non-direct contact between main shaft and bearing, axle can be greatly reduced Holding the friction between axle, improve the work efficiency of motor, axial air foil thrust bearing uses hub form solid On main shaft, it is simple to dismount, position and change.
One end of described axial air foil thrust bearing is provided with projection, and this projection is positioned at two thrust bearing paillon foils Between dish, and when described projection rotates with two thrust bearing foil disk ultrahigh speeds, compressed gas coordinates.Such set Meter can avoid the axial float of whole axle system.
Described main shaft connects an end head of axial airfoil sheet thrust bearing and is provided with fixing plug, and this fixing plug acts on When main shaft high speed rotating, prevent the deformation in high speed rotating of the axial air foil thrust bearing axis tray, with Ensure the gap of paillon foil in axial air foil thrust bearing.
Described main shaft takes bearing stepped shaft, the most described integrated spindle axis molding not segmentation, and installs at rotor Major axis diameter is less than the major axis diameter installed at radial air foil bearing a;Described main shaft is equal in addition to installing at impeller Use hollow main shaft, to alleviate main shaft weight.Main shaft uses bearing form, not segmentation, reduces ultrahigh speed rotating part Number of packages amount and raising main axis stiffness, reduce high-speed main spindle deflection deformation and difficulty is checked in dynamic balancing.Ladder taked by main shaft Form is easy to rotor permanent magnet installation location, uses both sides to arrange with thrust bearing simultaneously, reaches balance rotating The effect of parts barycenter.Main shaft major part takes mode of emptying to be easy to alleviate rotary part quality, improves rotor dynamic Learn characteristic.
Described rotor uses and is from inside to outside followed successively by rustless steel main shaft, electrical sheet, the arrangement of permanent magnet 3 layers, And outside described permanent magnet, it being wound around carbon fiber, the two ends of described rotor use the mode of encapsulating to carry out every magnetic.Described Being wound around carbon fiber outside permanent magnet is to prevent permanent magnet from rupturing due to centrifugal action under high speed rotating.Described encapsulating For on the premise of fixed permanent magnet permanent magnet two ends fill on certain thickness high viscosity freezing plastic, with guarantee intensity and Every magnetic property.
Described driver includes low-voltage signal connector and threephase cable, and motor is by motor described in driver control The change speed of the magnetic direction that stator produces, thus control the rotating speed of described main shaft.
Described motor uses permagnetic synchronous motor, and described permagnetic synchronous motor uses a pair extremely high frequency method of operation, Thus can reach the high rotating speed needed for air compressor machine high-performance.
Described air compressor machine also includes a water cooling system, and described water cooling system includes shell and water collar, Described water collar is arranged on the outside of described main shaft, and described shell is arranged on outside water collar, at compressor operation Time, between shell and water collar, pass to cold water, play the effect of heat radiation.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are embodied in following several respects:
1. use heavy-duty motor directly to drive impeller high speed rotating, motor rated power 15Kw, reach as high as 100000rpm, it is to avoid use the extra machinery speed increasing mechanisms such as speed increaser, structure closely, is suitable for automobile-used use Use requirement, reduce volume and quality, it is to avoid gear mesh vibration noise, lubricate and the problems such as abrasion; Air compressor machine of the present utility model can meet 60-80Kw high power fuel cell engine high pressure ratio, the sky of big flow Gas supply uses demand, can improve the power output of existing fuel battery engines;
2. the conveniently adjusted wheel speed of this centrifugal air compressor, and then change air compressor machine outlet pressure, flow, The demand that fuel cell car operating mode frequently changes can be met;
3. use novel air foil bearing, bilateral radially support air foil bearing and unilateral axial air paper tinsel Sheet thrust bearing arrangement, compact simply, increase the reliability of product and safety, it is to avoid under Super High Speed Condition The destruction of rotary part is dangerous, has reached the working condition requirement of fuel battery engines air supply system oil-free;Also have It is beneficial to improve rotor dynamic balancing effect and rotor dynamics stability.It is simultaneously also beneficial to reduce difficulty of processing and processing Cost, beneficially industrialization
4. this utility model two end axles bearing and air foil bearing all use tight fit mode, and use circumference all Cloth screw fixation method.And axial air foil thrust bearing and main shaft use interference fit, fully meet car Use strength grade requirement.
5. this utility model rotor surface uses high intensity, the carbon fiber winding of light weight, at carbon fiber and permanent magnetism Using interference fit between body, when ultrahigh speed rotates, permanent magnet is provided by by carbon fiber winding and the magnitude of interference Radial compacting force, ensure that the safety under rotor permanent magnet material high rotational speeds by the mode of structure latches And reliability.
6. this utility model rotor permanent magnet both sides encapsulating every magnetic design, not only optimize high speed rotor Thermal expansion deformation, and there is the effect preventing permanent magnet leakage field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is external structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is population structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 rotor-main shaft-impeller integral structure schematic diagram.
Wherein, 1 is spiral case, and 2 is right-hand member electric motor end cap, and 3 is connecting bolt, and 4 is water collar, and 5 is shell, 6 is motor stator, and 7 is low-voltage signal connector, and 8 is metal water joint, and 9 is threephase cable, and 10 is left End axial air foil bearing seat, 11 is left end electric motor end cap, and 12 is pre-load nut, and 13 is impeller, and 14 is snail Shell and impeller end cap, 15 is radial air foil bearing a, and 16 is main shaft, and 17 is motor winding, and 18 is rotor, 19 is carbon fiber, and 20 is radial air foil bearing b, and 21 is axial air foil thrust bearing, and 22 is left end Thrust bearing foil disk A, 23 is left end thrust bearing foil disk B, and 24 is the fixing plug of bearing, and 25 is right-hand member axle Holding paillon foil, 26 is rotor encapsulating colloid A, and 27 is rotor encapsulating colloid B, and 28 is left end bearing paillon foil.
Detailed description of the invention
Elaborating embodiment of the present utility model below, the present embodiment with technical solutions of the utility model is being Implement under premise, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection of the present utility model Scope is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment
A kind of single stage supercharging centrifugal air compressor of vehicle fuel battery engine, its structure as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, Air compressor machine is connected with motor, driven by motor rotate, and this air compressor machine includes main shaft 16, is fixed in the middle part of main shaft 16 Rotor 18, motor stator 6, spiral case 1 and be arranged on the internal impeller being connected with main shaft 16 one end of spiral case 1 13, spiral case 1 is connected with right-hand member electric motor end cap 2, and is fixed by connecting bolt 3, and impeller 13 is by pre- Jack panel 12 is fixed with main shaft, and uses that high intensity is gluing to be connect, to ensure that impeller runs up safety;Motor The both sides of stator 6 are provided with motor winding 17, and this motor winding 17 is by threephase cable 9 and low-voltage signal connector 7 connect motor, and threephase cable 9 is provided with metal water joint 8.This air compressor machine also includes shell 4 and water-cooled Set 5, water collar 5 is arranged on the outside of main shaft 16, and shell 4 is arranged on outside water collar 5, transports at air compressor machine During row, between shell 5 and water collar 4, pass to cold water, play the effect of heat radiation.
The two ends of main shaft are supported by simply supported beam supporting construction, wherein, and rotor-main shaft-impeller integral structure As it is shown on figure 3, this simply supported beam supporting construction includes the radial air foil bearing a15 being arranged on main shaft 16 impeller end And it is arranged on radial air foil bearing b20 and the axial air foil thrust bearing 21 of main shaft 16 other end, Radial air foil bearing a15 uses circumference uniform distribution screw to be fixed on the outside of main shaft 16, and axial air paillon foil is only Thrust bearing 21 uses hub form to be fixed on the outside of main shaft 16, and radial air foil bearing b20 uses circumference equal Cloth screw is fixed on outside axial air foil thrust bearing 21, and this radial air foil bearing a15 is with the most empty Gas foil bearing b20 is respectively equipped with right-hand member bearing paillon foil 25 and left end bearing paillon foil 28, and the two paillon foil is at main shaft Produce pressure-air film during 16 high speed rotating and make main shaft 16 be suspended between air foil bearing.Axial air paper tinsel Sheet thrust bearing 21 is provided with projection away from one end of impeller 13, and projection is positioned at left end thrust bearing foil disk A22 And between left end thrust bearing foil disk B23, to avoid the axial float of whole axle system;Main shaft 16 connects axially One end head of air foil thrust bearing 21 is provided with bearing and fixes plug 24, is used for preventing radial-axial air paillon foil The deformation in high speed rotating of the thrust bearing axis tray, to ensure in radial-axial air foil thrust bearing 21 The gap of paillon foil.
Be additionally provided with the rotor 18 corresponding with motor stator 6 at the middle part of main shaft 16, this rotor uses from inside to outside It is followed successively by rustless steel main shaft, electrical sheet, the arrangement of 3 layers of concentric winding of permanent magnet, and twines outside rotor 18 Around carbon fiber 19, the two ends of rotor use the mode of encapsulating to carry out every magnetic, form rotor encapsulating colloid A26 respectively With rotor encapsulating colloid B27.
Radial air foil bearing b20 is arranged on left end axial air foil bearing seat 10, radial air paillon foil Bearing a15 is arranged on right-hand member axial air foil bearing seat, right-hand member axial air foil bearing seat and spiral case it Between be provided with spiral case and impeller end cap 14, in order to prop up right-hand member axial air foil bearing seat, the most left at air compressor machine End is provided with left end electric motor end cap 11, and in order to prop up left end axial air foil bearing seat 10, plug 24 fixed by bearing With left end thrust bearing foil disk B23, its concrete structure is as shown in Figure 2.
Motor connects motor winding 17 parts, by motor control by low-voltage signal connector 7 and threephase cable 9 System drives 18 running speeds of tangential moment rotor driven that motor stator 6, winding magnetic line of force magnetic field produce, and enters And rotor-main shaft impeller together high speed rotating, motor is centrifugal by the rotating speed control realization that rotor 18 is different Impeller high speed rotating compressed air, reaches the gas load output of high pressure ratio, big flow.Input according to different condition The air mass flow supply requirement that high-power vehicle fuel battery engine is interior on a large scale can be met.

Claims (8)

1. the direct-drive supercharged centrifugal air compressor of the single-stage of vehicle fuel battery engine, described air compressor machine passes through Driven by motor rotates, it is characterised in that described air compressor machine includes motor stator, main shaft, is fixed in the middle part of main shaft Rotor, one end arrange spiral case and be fixed on spiral case internal be connected with main shaft one end impeller, for driving rotor The driver of high speed rotating, the two ends of described main shaft are supported by simply supported beam supporting construction.
The direct-drive supercharged centrifugal sky of single-stage of a kind of vehicle fuel battery engine the most according to claim 1 Press, it is characterised in that described simply supported beam supporting construction includes the radial air paillon foil being arranged on main shaft impeller end Bearing a and be arranged on radial air foil bearing b and the axial air foil dynamical pressure thrust shaft of the main shaft other end Holding, described radial air foil bearing a uses circumference uniform distribution screw to be fixed on the outside of described main shaft, described axle Hub form is used to be fixed on the outside of described main shaft, described radial air paillon foil axle to air foil thrust bearing Holding b uses circumference uniform distribution screw to be fixed on outside described axial air foil thrust bearing.
The direct-drive supercharged centrifugal sky of single-stage of a kind of vehicle fuel battery engine the most according to claim 2 Press, it is characterised in that one end of described axial air foil thrust bearing is provided with projection, and this projection is positioned at two Between individual thrust bearing foil disk, and compressed gas when described projection rotates with two thrust bearing foil disk ultrahigh speeds Coordinate.
The direct-drive supercharged centrifugal sky of single-stage of a kind of vehicle fuel battery engine the most according to claim 2 Press, it is characterised in that described main shaft connects an end head of axial airfoil sheet thrust bearing and is provided with for preventing The fixing plug that axial air foil thrust bearing deforms in high speed rotating.
The direct-drive supercharged centrifugal sky of single-stage of a kind of vehicle fuel battery engine the most according to claim 1 Major axis diameter at press, it is characterised in that described main shaft is overall stepped axle, and installation rotor is less than Major axis diameter at radial air foil bearing a is installed;Described main shaft all uses hollow master in addition to installing at impeller Axle.
The direct-drive supercharged centrifugal sky of single-stage of a kind of vehicle fuel battery engine the most according to claim 1 Press, it is characterised in that described rotor uses and is from inside to outside followed successively by rustless steel main shaft, electrical sheet, permanent magnet 3 layers of arrangement, and it is wound around carbon fiber outside described permanent magnet.
The direct-drive supercharged centrifugal sky of single-stage of a kind of vehicle fuel battery engine the most according to claim 1 Press, it is characterised in that described driver includes low-voltage signal connector and threephase cable, motor is by driving Device controls described motor stator and produces the change speed of magnetic direction, thus controls the rotating speed of described main shaft.
The direct-drive supercharged centrifugal sky of single-stage of a kind of vehicle fuel battery engine the most according to claim 1 Press, it is characterised in that described air compressor machine also includes a water cooling system, described water cooling system includes Shell and water collar, described water collar is arranged on the outside of described motor stator.
CN201620327299.6U 2016-04-19 2016-04-19 A kind of single-stage direct-drive supercharged centrifugal air compressor of vehicle fuel battery engine Expired - Fee Related CN205714846U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105736424A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-07-06 同济大学 Single-grade direct-driven boost centrifugal air compressor of vehicle fuel cell engine
CN112260440A (en) * 2020-10-13 2021-01-22 常州环能涡轮动力股份有限公司 High-speed centrifugal air compressor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105736424A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-07-06 同济大学 Single-grade direct-driven boost centrifugal air compressor of vehicle fuel cell engine
CN105736424B (en) * 2016-04-19 2019-01-25 同济大学 A kind of direct-drive supercharged centrifugal air compressor of the single-stage of vehicle fuel battery engine
CN112260440A (en) * 2020-10-13 2021-01-22 常州环能涡轮动力股份有限公司 High-speed centrifugal air compressor

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Granted publication date: 20161123

Termination date: 20200419