CN205283354U

CN205283354U - Single -phase external rotor electric machine and rotor thereof

Info

Publication number: CN205283354U
Application number: CN201520759303.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李越; 周垂有; 王勇; 李勇
Original assignee: Johnson Electric Shenzhen Co Ltd
Current assignee: Johnson Electric Shenzhen Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-05-08
Filing date: 2015-09-28
Publication date: 2016-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2025-09-28
Also published as: MX361394B; BR102016010234A2; JP2016226266A; MX2016005933A; CN205283353U; JP2017022970A; KR20160131945A; MX2016005938A; MX2016005935A; CN106130292A; BR102016010245A2; KR20160131942A; CN106130293A; BR102016010296A2; CN106130206A; MX364407B; CN106120248A; CN205178812U; CN205283361U; KR20160131958A

Abstract

The utility model provides a single -phase external rotor electric machine and rotor thereof, wherein, single -phase external rotor electric machine includes the stator and encircles the rotor of stator, a plurality of permanent magnets of rotor in the casing is located in casing and subsides, the permanent magnet is followed the circumference interval and is set up, the stator includes the magnetic core and winds locates the winding on the magnetic core, the magnetic core is including the yoke and by the outer fringe of yoke along the radial outer a plurality of teeth that extend, the terminal formation crown of each tooth, the crown has an outer wall towards the rotor, the permanent magnet magnetizes along circumference, the polarization opposite direction of two adjacent permanent magnets, and the polarity identical on adjacent permanent magnet surface in opposite directions still is equipped with a magnetic substance between the two adjacent magnet.

Description

Single-phase external rotor motor and rotor thereof

Technical field

This utility model relates to monophase machine, particularly relates to single-phase external rotor motor.

Background technology

Monophase machine is usually used in the low power electric appliances such as washing machine, dish-washing machine, refrigerator, air-conditioning. Different from the position of rotor according to stator, it is generally divided into internal rotor and outer rotor two kinds, as the term suggests, single-phase external rotor motor and stator are outside interior, rotor ring are around in stator, and load elements can directly be embedded on rotor. The rotor of existing single-phase external rotor motor generally includes some spaced permanent magnets, and each permanent magnet forms a magnetic pole. This utility model provides a kind of novel single-phase external rotor motor and rotor thereof.

Summary of the invention

On the one hand, this utility model provides the rotor of a kind of single-phase external rotor motor, include housing and the some permanent magnets being attached in housing, the circumferentially spaced setting of described permanent magnet, it is provided with a magnetic between two adjacent Magnet, described permanent magnet circumferentially magnetizes, and the polarised direction of two adjacent permanent magnets is contrary, and the polarity on adjacent permanent magnet surface in opposite directions is identical.

It is preferred that the distance between the internal face of described magnetic and the axle center of rotor is gradually changed by the lateral central authorities of circumference two of magnetic.

It is preferred that described magnetic is made up of soft magnetic materials.

It is preferred that described magnetic is axially symmetric structure, the distance between internal face and the axle center of rotor of magnetic is gradually reduced by the lateral central authorities of circumference two of permanent magnet.

It is preferred that the internal face of described magnetic is plane.

It is preferred that the width that described magnetic is in the circumferential is more than permanent magnet.

It is preferred that the internal face of described magnetic and permanent magnet is plane, the internal face of described magnetic and permanent magnet surrounds a polygon jointly.

A kind of single-phase external rotor motor, including stator and above-mentioned rotor, forms air gap heterogeneous between described rotor and stator.

Preferably, the width of described crown is more than coiling arm, the circumferential both sides of crown form two alar parts outside extending out to coiling arm respectively, notch described in one is formed between the alar part in opposite directions of two adjacent crowns, adjacent two alar parts of each notch at least one outwards tilted before winding winding, after winding winding tilt alar part curve inwardly deformation and molding described in magnetic core.

It is preferred that the alar part of described outside tilting is formed joint-cutting, after winding winding tilt alar part curve inwardly deformation make described joint-cutting reduce or disappear.

A kind of single-phase external rotor motor, including stator and the rotor surrounding described stator, described rotor includes housing and the some permanent magnets being attached in housing, the circumferentially spaced setting of described permanent magnet, described stator includes magnetic core and the winding being set around on magnetic core, described magnetic core includes yoke and the some teeth stretched radially outward by the outer rim of yoke, the end of each tooth forms crown, described crown has one towards the outside wall surface of rotor, described permanent magnet circumferentially magnetizes, the polarised direction of two adjacent permanent magnets is contrary, the polarity on adjacent permanent magnet surface in opposite directions is identical, it is additionally provided with a magnetic between two adjacent Magnet.

It is preferred that the distance that the outside wall surface of the crown of the internal face of described magnetic and stator is diametrically is gradually changed by the lateral central authorities of circumference two of magnetic, between stator and rotor, form non-homogeneous air gap.

It is preferred that described air gap is gradually reduced from the lateral central authorities of circumference two of magnetic.

It is preferred that described air gap is symmetrical non-homogeneous air gap.

It is preferred that the width that all magnetics are in the circumferential is more than permanent magnet.

It is preferred that described magnetic is axially symmetric structure, inner wall surface thereof is plane.

Preferably, the width of described crown is more than coiling arm, the circumferential both sides of crown form two alar parts respectively outside extending out to coiling arm, form a notch between the alar part in opposite directions of two adjacent crowns, and described notch width in the circumferential is less than or equal to 5 times of minimum widith of described air gap.

It is preferred that the width that described notch is in the circumferential is less than or equal to 3 times of minimum widith of described air gap.

Preferably, adjacent two alar parts of each notch both sides at least one outwards tilted before winding winding, the alar part of described outside tilting is formed with joint-cutting, after winding winding tilt alar part curve inwardly deformation make described joint-cutting reduce or disappear and molding described in magnetic core.

It is preferred that the ratio of the Breadth Maximum of described air gap and minimum widith is more than 2.

Compared to prior art, form non-homogeneous air gap between the internal face of the outside wall surface of the crown of the stator of this utility model motor and the magnetic of rotor, it is to avoid rotor is parked in dead-centre position, it is ensured that during electrical power, rotor starts smoothly.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the stator of this utility model external rotor electric machine.

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the magnetic core of stator shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram before form forming magnetic core shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is the top view of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the magnetic core of stator.

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram before form forming magnetic core shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the 3rd embodiment of the magnetic core of stator.

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram before form forming magnetic core shown in Fig. 9.

Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the 4th embodiment of the magnetic core of stator.

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram before form forming magnetic core shown in Figure 11.

Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the 5th embodiment of the magnetic core of stator.

Figure 14 is the schematic diagram before form forming magnetic core shown in Figure 13.

Figure 15 a and 15b is the schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the magnetic core of stator.

Figure 16 a and 16b is the schematic diagram of the 7th embodiment of the magnetic core of stator.

Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the rotor of this utility model external rotor electric machine.

Figure 18 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of rotor.

Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of the 3rd embodiment of rotor.

Figure 20 is the schematic diagram of the 4th embodiment of rotor.

Figure 21 is the schematic diagram of the 5th embodiment of rotor.

Figure 22 is that stator described in Fig. 1-4 is arranged in pairs or groups the schematic diagram of motor that rotor shown in Figure 18 constitutes.

Figure 23 is the enlarged drawing of square frame X in Figure 22, for clearly illustrating other structures, eliminates the magnetic line of force in figure.

Figure 24 is position relationship schematic diagram when being positioned at dead point of the motor shown in Figure 22.

Figure 25 is that stator described in Fig. 1-4 is arranged in pairs or groups the schematic diagram of motor that rotor shown in Figure 19 constitutes.

Figure 26 is that stator shown in Fig. 9-10 is arranged in pairs or groups the schematic diagram of motor that rotor shown in Figure 20 constitutes.

Figure 27 is that stator shown in Fig. 9-10 is arranged in pairs or groups the schematic diagram of motor that rotor shown in Figure 21 constitutes.

Figure 28 is that stator shown in Figure 16 is arranged in pairs or groups the schematic diagram of motor that rotor shown in Figure 17 constitutes.

Figure 29 is that stator shown in Figure 15 is arranged in pairs or groups the schematic diagram of motor that rotor shown in Figure 18 constitutes.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is described in detail, the technical solution of the utility model and other beneficial effects will be made apparent.

This utility model single-phase external rotor motor includes stator and the rotor around described stator. Described stator, rotor can have multiple different structure, and different stator, rotor can suitably be arranged in pairs or groups as required, form the motor of various different qualities. This utility model accompanying drawing 1-16 illustrates multiple specific embodiments of stator, and accompanying drawing 17-21 illustrates multiple specific embodiments of rotor, and Figure 22-28 exemplarily illustrates the motor that several said stator is constituted with rotor collocation. Being appreciated that accompanying drawing only provides reference and use is described, this utility model stator, rotor are not limited to the embodiment of diagram, and the motor that its collocation is constituted is also not limited to the embodiment illustrated.

Fig. 1-4 show the first embodiment of stator 10, and in the present embodiment, described stator 10 includes magnetic core 12, the insulating frame 14 that is coated on magnetic core 12 and be set around the winding 16 on described insulating frame 14.

Described magnetic core 12, by permeability magnetic material, as stacking in silicon steel sheet etc. forms. Magnetic core 12 includes the yoke 18 of annular and by the outer rim of yoke 18 some teeth 20 that radially one extends. Described tooth 20 is arranged along the circumferential uniform intervals of yoke 18, and each tooth 20 includes the crown 24 of the coiling arm 22 that is connected with yoke 18 and the end that is formed at coiling arm 22. Described coiling arm 22 extends straight, and forms winding slot 26 between adjacent coiling arm 22. Described winding slot 26 is substantially in sector, and width is radially gradually increased by yoke 18. Described crown 24 is overall curved, and it substantially circumferentially extends, and is substantially symmetrical set relative to coiling arm 22. Preferably, each crown 24 is symmetrical about the radius at coiling arm 22 center by this tooth 20 of motor. In the circumferential, the width of described crown 24 is more than coiling arm 22, and the circumferential both sides of crown 24 extend out to outside coiling arm 22, forms an alar part 28 respectively. In the present embodiment, between the corresponding alar part 28 of adjacent crown 24, form narrow notch 30.

Each crown 24 has the internal face 32 towards coiling arm 22 and the outside wall surface 34 towards rotor 50. Described outside wall surface 34 is arc surface, and the outside wall surface 34 of all crowns 24 as the outer surface of stator 10, is located substantially on a common face of cylinder, and the described face of cylinder and stator 10 are coaxially disposed. Being formed with joint-cutting 36 on the internal face 32 of described crown 24, in the present embodiment, described joint-cutting 36 is 2, is symmetrically distributed on two alar parts 28, near coiling arm 22 with coiling arm 22 separately. Each joint-cutting 36 radially, i.e. the thickness direction of crown 24, the internal face 32 of crown 24 cut, its degree of depth substantially crown 24 is in the half of the thickness of the position of joint-cutting 36, to ensure magnetic circuit do not caused big impact.

Described winding 16 is set around on coiling arm 22 and is positioned at inside crown 24. Separated by insulating frame 14 between the internal face 32 of winding 16 and coiling arm 22 and crown 24. Described insulating frame 14 is generally ambroin, it is to avoid winding 16 short circuit. As seen in figs. 5-6, time before magnetic core 12 molding, the part that crown 24 is positioned at outside joint-cutting 36 tilts out against, and the adjacent interval between crown 24 is relatively big, and such winding 16 can be wound on coiling arm 22 easily. After winding 16 winding completes, the outside wall surface 34 of crown 24 is applied power and brings it about and deform inwardly coiling arm 22 and bend, form the outside wall surface 34 of circular arc. In the process, the interval between crown 24 reduces and forms narrow notch 30, and joint-cutting 36 diminishes even in thin gap-like. It is preferred that described crown 24 outside joint-cutting 36 part deformation before and deform after between angle, i.e. deformation angle, is 15 ��-60 ��. Optimally, described crown 24 is positioned at the deformation angle of the part outside joint-cutting 36 is 20 ��-45 ��.

For the stator 10 of same size, the crown 24 of the magnetic core 12 of said stator 10 outwards tilts before the forming, facilitates coiling; Bending deformation in crown 24 after coiling, compared to the existing core structure through the one time punching molded stacking composition of silicon steel sheet, there is bigger width in the circumferential, the width of the notch 30 between crown 24 relatively significantly reduces, it is preferably about the half or less of the width of the notch 30 of existing core structure, effectively reduces cogging torque. It is to be appreciated that the setting of described joint-cutting 36 is to deform inflection for convenience of crown 24, in certain embodiments, crown 24 material itself has certain deformability, and described joint-cutting 36 can also omit.

Fig. 7 show the second embodiment of the magnetic core 12 of stator 10, its difference essentially consists in, in the present embodiment, each crown 24 is only formed with joint-cutting 36 on one alar part 28, and for direction as shown, joint-cutting 36 is both formed on the alar part 28 of the side counterclockwise of coiling arm 22. Before magnetic core 12 molding, as shown in Figure 8, described crown 24 is positioned at the monolateral tilting of alar part 28 of the side counterclockwise of coiling arm 22. Owing to the alar part 28 of each crown 24 the same side all tilts, the alar part 28 that the alar part 28 of each tilting does not tilt with adjacent crown 24 staggers, and still can form bigger interval, facilitate coiling between so adjacent alar part 28. After coiling, the alar part 28 inflection shaping of tilting, make the interval between adjacent alar part 28 reduce and form narrow notch 30, reduce cogging torque.

Fig. 9 show the 3rd embodiment of the magnetic core 12 of stator 10, and relative to previous embodiment, it is different in that, described joint-cutting 36 is formed at the junction of alar part 28 and coiling arm 22, and alar part 28 is monolateral tilting before coiling, as shown in Figure 10. So, the degree of depth of joint-cutting 36 incision can be bigger, and the angle that crown 24 tilts is correspondingly bigger, and crown 24 has bigger interval, convenient coiling before the forming. Furthermore it is possible to understand ground, it is possible to forming described joint-cutting 36 in the junction of each alar part 28 with coiling arm 22, alar part 28 is bilateral tilting before coiling.

Figure 11-14 illustrates other two embodiments of the magnetic core 12 of stator 10, and it is different in that, part crown 24 is formed joint-cutting 36 and does not have joint-cutting 36 on part crown 24, the crown 24 having joint-cutting 36 and the circumferentially alternating setting of crown 24 not having joint-cutting 36. It is preferred that the crown 24 being formed with joint-cutting 36 is respectively formed with joint-cutting 36 on its two alar part 28, before molding, two alar parts 28 are all upturned so that the adjacent crown 24 not having joint-cutting 36 in itself and both sides forms bigger interval respectively, facilitates coiling. Described joint-cutting 36 can be respectively formed in the junction of two alar parts 28 and winding section, as depicted in figs. 11-12, it is also possible to be formed at the central authorities of two alar parts 28, with coiling arm 22 separately, as illustrated in figs. 13-14.

In above-described embodiment, the alar part 28 of the crown 24 of magnetic core 12 outwards tilts before the forming, and curve inwardly deformation after shaping, so facilitate winding winding 16 before the forming, can have bigger width after shaping in the circumferential, form less notch 30, reduce cogging torque. Actually, as long as two alar parts 28 of each notch 30 both sides one of them can outwards tilt, each crown 24 of same magnetic core 12, it is possible to have monolateral tilting, bilateral tilting and bilateral do not tilt, as long as collocation suitably can realize above-mentioned purpose, it is not limited with the embodiment of diagram. In each embodiment illustrated above, the crown 24 of magnetic core 12 disconnects in the circumferential, is formed with narrow notch 30. In other embodiment, described crown 24 circumference can also connect as one, reduce cogging torque so to greatest extent.

As Figure 15 a and Figure 15 b show other two embodiments of magnetic core 12, in described two embodiments, being formed with magnetic bridge 38 between adjacent crown 24, crown 24 one is connected by described magnetic bridge 38, is collectively forming the rim of closing. It is preferred that the rim of described closing has minimum radial thickness in magnetic bridge 38 position. More preferably, the inwall of described magnetic bridge 38 being formed with groove 40, described groove 40 axially extends, it is possible to be single or multiple. In diagram, each magnetic bridge 38 being formed with multiple groove 40, the plurality of groove 40 is circumferentially uniformly arranged. In order to realize coiling, it is possible to disconnect (as shown in fig. 15 a) in the junction of coiling arm 22 with crown, so, the rim that crown 24 is collectively forming is sheathed on the periphery of coiling arm 22 more vertically after coiling completes, and is assembled into magnetic core 12. In the embodiment shown in Figure 15 b, the junction in coiling arm 22 and yoke portion 18 disconnects, thus yoke portion 18 refills after coiling completes is fitted on coiling arm 22 central authorities, is assembled into magnetic core 12.

Figure 16 a and Figure 16 b show two other embodiment of magnetic core 12, it is structurally roughly the same with Figure 15 a and Figure 15 b embodiment respectively, it is different in that crown 24 is formed with locating slot 42 in its outside wall surface 34, described locating slot 42 is positioned on alar part 28, the center of deviation crown 24 so that crown 24 is unsymmetric structure relative to the radius at coiling arm 22 center by this tooth 20 of motor.

Figure 17-21 is the specific embodiment of this utility model rotor 50. Described rotor 50 is outer rotor, including housing 52 and be attached at the permanent magnet 54 in housing 52. The outside wall surface of described permanent magnet 54 and housing 52 fit, it is possible to fixed by gluing, it is also possible to connected by integrated through injection molding. The internal face 56 of described permanent magnet 54 defines space for installing stator 10, and described space is slightly larger than the size of stator 10, so that forming air gap between stator 10 and rotor 50.

Figure 17 show the first embodiment of rotor 50, and in the present embodiment, described permanent magnet 54 is fraction block structure, and the circumferential uniform intervals along housing 52 is arranged, and is formed with gap between adjacent permanent magnet 54. Each permanent magnet 54 is as a magnetic pole of rotor 50, and adjacent permanent magnet 54 has opposite polarity. In the present embodiment, each permanent magnet 54 is a part for annulus, and it is arc surface towards the internal face 56 of stator 10, and the internal face 56 of all permanent magnets 54 as the inner surface of rotor 50, is positioned on a common face of cylinder, the setting coaxial with rotor 50 of the described face of cylinder. As loaded in this rotor 50 by any of the above-described stator 10, the spaced radial between the internal face 56 of the outside wall surface 34 of the crown 24 of stator 10 and the permanent magnet 54 of rotor 50 is circumferentially constant, will form substantially homogeneous air gap between rotor 10,50.

It is preferred that the pole embrace of described each piece of permanent magnet 54, namely number of degrees �� and 360 degree of the central angle of permanent magnet 54 correspondence is divided by the ratio of the business of rotor number of poles N, and namely ��: 360/N more than 0.7, so can improve the torque characteristics of motor and improve the efficiency of motor. The stator 10 of this utility model motor is with each embodiment of rotor 50, and the quantity of permanent magnet 54 is identical with the quantity of tooth 20, and namely stator 10 is identical with the number of magnetic poles of rotor 50. In diagram, permanent magnet 54 and tooth 20 are 8, and eight permanent magnets 54 constitute eight magnetic poles of rotor 50, form 8 winding slots 26, collectively form 8 pole 8 groove motors between eight teeth 20. In other embodiments, the tooth 20 of stator 10 can also become multiple proportion with the quantity of the permanent magnet 54 of rotor 50, and the quantity such as tooth 20 is 2 times of permanent magnet 54,3 times etc. Preferably, the winding 16 of described stator 10 electrically connects and is provided with blow-up inversion of direct current electricity by single-phase brushless direct-current motor driver, thus forming single-phase DC brushless motor. In other embodiments, design of the present utility model can also be used in single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor.

In other several embodiments of rotor 50 shown in Figure 18-21, the internal face 56 of permanent magnet 54 is not cylinder arc surface, will form non-homogeneous air gap after loading stator 10 between rotor 10,50. Specifically:

Figure 18 show the second embodiment of rotor 50, wherein permanent magnet 54 structure axisymmetricly, and the thickness of permanent magnet 54 is gradually reduced by the mediad both sides of circumference. Each permanent magnet 54 is plane towards the internal face 56 of stator 10, and described plane extends along the tangential direction being parallel to stator radially-outer surface. In axial cross section as shown in figure 18, the inner surface of described permanent magnet 54 lay respectively at a regular polygon limit on. So, forming symmetrical non-homogeneous air gap between the outer surface of permanent magnet 54 and stator 10, described air gap has minima in the circumferential center of corresponding permanent magnet 54, and is gradually increased to circumference both sides from this minima place. Rotor 50 is positioned by being provided with to be beneficial to of the non-homogeneous air gap of described symmetry when motor power-off, makes the position that rotor 50 stops avoid dead-centre position, thus rotor 50 can start smoothly when electrical power.

Figure 19 show the 3rd embodiment of rotor 50, and with embodiment illustrated in fig. 18, it differs primarily in that permanent magnet 54 is structure as a whole, in the circumferential the ring-type for closing. Described annular permanent magnets 54 is circumferentially divided into multistage, each section of magnetic pole as rotor 50, and adjacent each section has different polarity. It is similar to each piece of permanent magnet 54 of rotor 50 shown in Figure 18, in the present embodiment, the thickness of each section of permanent magnet 54 is gradually reduced by the mediad both sides of circumference, internal face 56 towards stator 10 is plane, in the axial, cross-sectional view shown in Figure 19, each section of described permanent magnet 54 surrounds the inner surface of the rotor 50 of regular polygon jointly. Similar to embodiment illustrated in fig. 18, each magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 54 in the present embodiment and the outer surface of stator 10 form symmetrical non-homogeneous air gap.

Figure 20 show the 4th embodiment of rotor 50, and it is similar to embodiment illustrated in fig. 18 structure, the multiple permanent magnet 54 of the circumferentially spaced arrangement of rotor 50, and each permanent magnet 54 has a plane internal face 56. The difference is that, in the present embodiment, described permanent magnet 54 is unsymmetric structure, its thickness is gradually increased along by the side of circumference to opposite side, it is gradually reduced again in the position near the other end, center in position deviation permanent magnet 54 circumference of the maximum gauge of permanent magnet 54, and the thickness of permanent magnet 54 circumference both sides is different. The line in the both sides of the internal face 56 of permanent magnet 54 and the axle center of rotor 50 is non-isosceles triangle shape. So, after assembling with stator 10, air gap non-homogeneous, asymmetrical between rotor 10,50, is formed. Rotor 50 is positioned by being provided with to be beneficial to of described asymmetric non-homogeneous air gap when motor power-off, makes the position that rotor 50 stops avoid dead-centre position, thus rotor 50 can start smoothly when electrical power.

Figure 21 is the schematic diagram of the 5th embodiment of rotor 50. In the present embodiment, described rotor 50 includes housing 52, be attached in housing 52 some permanent magnets 54 and magnetic 58, described magnetic 58 can be that hard magnetic material is made, and such as Magnet etc., it can also be made up of soft magnetic materials, such as ferrum etc. Circumferentially direction, described permanent magnet 54 and magnetic 58 interval are arranged alternately, and are inserted with a magnetic 58 between two often adjacent permanent magnets 54. In the present embodiment, described permanent magnet 54 is in column, its cross section is substantially square, bigger space is formed between adjacent permanent magnet 54, described space width in the circumferential is much larger than permanent magnet 54, such magnetic 58 has bigger circumferential width relative to permanent magnet 54, it is possible to be several times of permanent magnet 54.

Described magnetic 58 is axially symmetric structure, and its thickness is gradually reduced by the mediad both sides of circumference, the minimum thickness of magnetic 58, namely suitable with the thickness of permanent magnet 54 at the thickness at its circumference two ends. Magnetic 58 is plane towards the internal face 60 of stator 10, extends along the tangential direction being parallel to stator 10 outer surface. So, the internal face 56 of described permanent magnet 54 is collectively forming the inner surface of rotor 50 with the internal face 60 of magnetic 58, described inner surface is symmetrical polygon in the axial cross section of rotor 50, after proceeding to stator 10, forms the non-homogeneous air gap of symmetry between rotor 10,50. It is preferred that described permanent magnet 54 circumferentially magnetizes, namely the peripheral side wall of permanent magnet 54 is polarized and have corresponding polarity. The polarised direction of two adjacent permanent magnets 54 is contrary. In other words, the polarity on two adjacent permanent magnets 54 surface in opposite directions is identical. So, the adjacent magnetic 58 between permanent magnet 54 is polarized into respective poles, and two adjacent magnetics 58 have opposed polarity.

Said stator 10 is carried out different permutation and combination from rotor 50 and can form the motor of different qualities, be exemplified below several schematically illustrating.

The motor of the composition of rotor 50 shown in Figure 18 of arranging in pairs or groups for the stator 10 of first embodiment shown in Fig. 1-4 as shown in figure 22, wherein: crown 24 interval in the circumferential of stator 10 forms notch 30, the outside wall surface 34 of crown 24 is positioned on the common face of cylinder so that the whole outer surface of stator 10 is rounded; In the circumferential separately, permanent magnet 54 is plane towards the internal face 56 of stator 10 to the permanent magnet 54 of rotor 50 so that the whole inner surface of rotor 50 is substantially in regular polygon. The outside wall surface 34 of rotor 10,50 with internal face 56 separately diametrically, forms air gap 62. The radial width of described air gap 62 is along the circumference change of permanent magnet 54, for symmetrical non-homogeneous air gap 62. The radial width of described air gap 62 is become larger towards circumference two ends by position interior in the circumference of the internal face 56 of permanent magnet 54.

Please refer to Figure 23, the spaced radial width between circumferential midpoint and the outside wall surface 34 of crown 24 of the internal face 56 of permanent magnet 54 is the minimum widith Gmin of air gap 62; Spaced radial width between circumferential end points and the outside wall surface 34 of crown 24 of the internal face 56 of permanent magnet 54 is the Breadth Maximum Gmax of air gap 6262. Preferably, the ratio of the Breadth Maximum Gmax and minimum widith Gmin of described air gap 62 is more than 1.5, i.e. Gmax:Gmin > 1.5. More preferably, Gmax:Gmin > 2. The width D of described notch 30 is advisable with 5 times that are not more than the minimum widith Gmin of air gap 62, i.e. D��5Gmin. Preferably, the width D of notch 30 be more than or equal to the minimum widith Gmin of air gap 62, and 3 times of the minimum widith Gmin less than or equal to air gap 62, i.e. Gmin��D��3Gmin.

Such as Figure 22, shown in 24, when motor is not powered on, the tooth 20 of stator 10 is produced captivation by the permanent magnet 54 of rotor 50, and Figure 22 and Figure 24 illustrates the rotor 50 schematic diagram when diverse location. Specifically, Figure 24 shows that rotor 50 is positioned at dead-centre position (i.e. the pole center of rotor 50 just center to stator 10 crown 24). Figure 22 show rotor 50 be positioned at initial position (namely motor be not powered on or power-off state lower rotor part 50 stop position). As shown in Figure 22 and Figure 24, when rotor 50 is positioned at dead-centre position, the magnetic field that the magnetic pole of rotor 50 produces is �� 1 through the magnetic flux of stator 10, when rotor 50 is positioned at initial position, the magnetic field that the magnetic pole of rotor 50 produces is �� 2 through the magnetic flux of stator 10, due to �� 2 > �� 1, so that rotor 50 can be positioned initial position as shown in figure 22 when motor is not powered on, avoid the dead-centre position shown in Figure 24, and then the problem of rotor 50 fail to start when avoiding electrical power.

As shown in figure 22, at initial position, the centrage of the coiling arm 22 of the tooth 20 of stator 10 is just to the centrage between the two adjacent permanent magnets 54 of rotor 50, and this deviation dead-centre position, position is farthest, is prevented effectively from the problem of rotor fail to start during electrical power. Owing to there is the other factorses such as friction under practical situation, the centrage of coiling arm 22 may deviate the centrage certain angle between two permanent magnets 54, as deviate positive and negative 0��30 degree not etc., but still away from dead-centre position. In above-described embodiment of the present utility model, produce magnetic field by the permanent magnet 54 of rotor 50 self and the initial position of rotor 50 can be positioned and makes its initial position deviation dead-centre position. Its cogging torque of single-phase permanent brushless motor with this kind of setting can be suppressed effectively, so that motor has higher efficiency and better performance. Experiment show shows, a kind of single-phase external rotor brshless DC motor (nominal torque 1Nm, rated speed 1000rpm, stator core stack thickness 30mm) designed according to above-mentioned thinking, the peak value of its cogging torque is less than 80mNm.

Figure 25 is that the stator 10 of first embodiment shown in Fig. 1-4 is arranged in pairs or groups the motor that the rotor 50 of the 3rd embodiment shown in Figure 19 constitutes, wherein: crown 24 interval in the circumferential of stator 10 forms notch 30, and the outside wall surface 34 of crown 24 is positioned on the common face of cylinder; The permanent magnet 54 of rotor 50 is the multi-segment structure connected as one in circumference, and each section of permanent magnet 54 is as a magnetic pole of rotor 50, and the internal face 56 of described magnetic pole is plane so that the inner surface of whole rotor 50 is regular polygon. Forming the non-homogeneous air gap 62 of symmetry between stator 10 and rotor 50, the width of air gap 62 is gradually increased by the lateral central authorities of circumference two of each magnetic pole of rotor 50, has Breadth Maximum Gmax at the circumferential midpoint of magnetic pole, and circumference both sides have minimum widith Gmin. Rotor 50 when static, the central authorities of each crown 24 just junction to two sections of the permanent magnet 54 of rotor 50, avoid dead-centre position, it is simple to being again started up of rotor 50.

Figure 26 is that the stator 10 of the 3rd embodiment shown in Fig. 9-10 is arranged in pairs or groups the motor that the rotor 50 of the 4th embodiment shown in Figure 20 constitutes, wherein: crown 24 interval in the circumferential of stator 10 forms notch 30, and the outside wall surface 34 of crown 24 is positioned on the common face of cylinder; The permanent magnet 54 of rotor 50 is unsymmetric structure, and thickness is in the circumferential in non-homogeneous; The tangential tilt certain angle of the outside wall surface 34 of the relative crown 24 of internal face 56 of the permanent magnet 54 of rotor 50, forms air gap 62 non-homogeneous, asymmetrical between internal face 56 and the outside wall surface 34 of crown 24 of permanent magnet 54. The width of described air gap 62 is first gradually reduced to opposite side by the circumferential side of permanent magnet 54, is then gradually increased. Schematically direction is example, and the clockwise side air gap 62 at permanent magnet 54 has Breadth Maximum Gmax, the minimum widith Gmin position of air gap 62 near but deviation permanent magnet 54 anticlockwise side.

Figure 27 is that the stator 10 of the 3rd embodiment shown in Fig. 9-10 is arranged in pairs or groups the motor that the rotor 50 of the 5th embodiment shown in Figure 21 constitutes, wherein: crown 24 interval in the circumferential of stator 10 forms notch 30, and the outside wall surface 34 of crown 24 is positioned on the common face of cylinder; Rotor 50 includes spaced permanent magnet 54 and magnetic 58 in the circumferential, and the internal face 56,60 of permanent magnet 54 and magnetic 58 surrounds the inner surface of polygonal rotor 50 jointly. Air gap 62 between rotor 10,50 is symmetrically non-homogeneous, the circumferential midpoint of magnetic 58 be gradually reduced circumference both sides mutually, and the position air gap at corresponding permanent magnet 54 has Breadth Maximum Gmax. Stator 10 is just being formed the active force in circumference by the central permanent magnet 54 of crown 24 by rotor 50 central authorities of its permanent magnet 54 when static diametrically, it is simple to rotor 50 starts.

The motor of the composition of rotor 50 shown in Figure 17 of arranging in pairs or groups for the stator 10 shown in Figure 16 a as shown in figure 28, wherein: the crown 24 of stator 10 connects as one in the circumferential, the whole outer surface of stator 10, namely the outside wall surface 34 of crown 24 is the face of cylinder; The inner surface of rotor 50, namely the internal face 56 of permanent magnet 54 is positioned on the face of cylinder coaxial with the outside wall surface 34 of stator 10; Uniform air gap 62 is formed between outside wall surface 34 and the internal face 56 of rotor 50 of stator 10. Being formed with locating slot 42 in the outside wall surface 34 of crown 24 makes crown 24 in unsymmetric structure, so ensures that rotor 50 centrage between its two permanent magnet 54 when static deflects certain angle relative to the centrage of the coiling arm 22 of the tooth 20 of stator 10. It is preferred that rotor 50 is when static, the locating slot 42 on stator 10 is just to the centrage between the two adjacent permanent magnets 54 of rotor 50, it is allowed to motor rotor 50 when energising every time can start smoothly.

Figure 29 is that the stator 10 of sixth embodiment shown in Figure 15 a is arranged in pairs or groups the motor that the rotor 50 of the second embodiment shown in Figure 18 constitutes, and wherein: the crown 24 of stator 10 connects as one in the circumferential, the whole outer surface of stator 10 is the face of cylinder; The internal face 56 of the permanent magnet 54 of rotor 50 is plane, extends along the tangential direction being parallel to stator 10 outer surface; The air gap heterogeneous 62 of symmetry is formed between internal face 56 and the outside wall surface 34 of crown 24 of permanent magnet 54, the width of air gap 62 is gradually reduced by the lateral central authorities of circumference two of permanent magnet 54, at the circumferential point midway place of permanent magnet 54, there is minimum widith Gmin, in circumference both sides, then there is Breadth Maximum Gmax.

It is to be appreciated that the stator 10 shown in Fig. 1-14 is essentially identical in structure with characteristic, being respectively formed narrow notch even without notch, itself and rotor 50 can be replaced when arranging in pairs or groups mutually, all can realize identical function. It addition, the difference according to the air gap formed between rotor, according to the symmetry of rotor 50 structure and asymmetry, it is possible to design corresponding circuit, motor rotor 50 when energising is made to start smoothly. It is to be appreciated that the not above-mentioned exemplary several ways of collocation of described stator 10 and rotor 50, according to creative spirit of the present utility model, other changes that those skilled in the art make, all should be included within this utility model scope required for protection.

Claims

1. the rotor of a single-phase external rotor motor, include housing and the some permanent magnets being attached in housing, the circumferentially spaced setting of described permanent magnet, it is characterized in that: between two adjacent Magnet, be provided with a magnetic, described permanent magnet circumferentially magnetizes, the polarised direction of two adjacent permanent magnets is contrary, and the polarity on adjacent permanent magnet surface in opposite directions is identical.

2. the rotor of single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the distance between internal face and the axle center of rotor of described magnetic is gradually changed by the lateral central authorities of circumference two of magnetic.

3. the rotor of single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described magnetic is made up of soft magnetic materials.

4. the rotor of single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described magnetic is axially symmetric structure, and the distance between internal face and the axle center of rotor of magnetic is gradually reduced by the lateral central authorities of circumference two of permanent magnet.

5. the rotor of single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the internal face of described magnetic is plane.

6. the rotor of single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described magnetic width in the circumferential is more than permanent magnet.

7. the rotor of single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the internal face of described magnetic and permanent magnet is plane, and the internal face of described magnetic and permanent magnet surrounds a polygon jointly.

8. a single-phase external rotor motor, including stator and the rotor surrounding described stator, it is characterised in that: described rotor is the rotor described in any one of claim 1-7, forms air gap heterogeneous between described rotor and stator.

9. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described stator includes magnetic core and the winding being wound on magnetic core, described magnetic core includes the yoke of annular and by the outer rim of yoke some teeth that radially one extends, each tooth includes the crown of the coiling arm that is connected with yoke and the end that is formed at coiling arm, forming notch between adjacent crown, rotor its permanent magnet when static is diametrically opposed with the crown of stator.

10. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the width of described crown is more than coiling arm, the circumferential both sides of crown form two alar parts outside extending out to coiling arm respectively, notch described in one is formed between the alar part in opposite directions of two adjacent crowns, adjacent two alar parts of each notch at least one outwards tilted before winding winding, after winding winding tilt alar part curve inwardly deformation and molding described in magnetic core.

11. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that be formed with joint-cutting on the alar part of described outside tilting, the alar part tilted after the winding winding deformation that curves inwardly makes described joint-cutting reduce or disappears.

12. a single-phase external rotor motor, including stator and the rotor surrounding described stator, described rotor includes housing and the some permanent magnets being attached in housing, the circumferentially spaced setting of described permanent magnet, described stator includes magnetic core and the winding being set around on magnetic core, described magnetic core includes yoke and the some teeth stretched radially outward by the outer rim of yoke, the end of each tooth forms crown, described crown has one towards the outside wall surface of rotor, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnet circumferentially magnetizes, the polarised direction of two adjacent permanent magnets is contrary, and it is additionally provided with a magnetic between two adjacent Magnet.

13. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, the outside wall surface of the internal face of described magnetic and the crown of stator distance diametrically is gradually changed by the lateral central authorities of circumference two of magnetic, forms non-homogeneous air gap between stator and rotor.

14. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that described air gap is gradually reduced from the lateral central authorities of circumference two of magnetic.

15. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that described air gap is symmetrical non-homogeneous air gap.

16. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 12, it is characterised in that all magnetics width in the circumferential is more than permanent magnet.

17. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that described magnetic is axially symmetric structure, and inner wall surface thereof is plane.

18. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that, the width of described crown is more than coiling arm, the circumferential both sides of crown form two alar parts outside extending out to coiling arm respectively, forming a notch between the alar part in opposite directions of two adjacent crowns, described notch width in the circumferential is less than or equal to 5 times of minimum widith of described air gap.

19. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 18, it is characterised in that described notch width in the circumferential is less than or equal to 3 times of minimum widith of described air gap.

20. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 18, it is characterized in that, adjacent two alar parts of each notch both sides at least one outwards tilted before winding winding, the alar part of described outside tilting is formed with joint-cutting, after winding winding tilt alar part curve inwardly deformation make described joint-cutting reduce or disappear and molding described in magnetic core.

21. single-phase external rotor motor as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that the Breadth Maximum of described air gap and the ratio of minimum widith are more than 2.