CN2052042U - Piston combustion engine with a circular slide block without lateral force - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a piston combustion engine with a circular slide block without lateral force, which mainly makes use of a circular slide block and an internal gear pair. Internal gears are fixed to an engine body; a small gear fixed to the circular slide block is engaged with internal gear rings; the small gear and the circular slide block rotate integrally on the shaft neck of a crank. The utility model has the advantages of novel structural design, small energy consumption, high efficiency, small size, light weight and easy manufacture, is suitable for manufacturing various single-cylinder and multi-cylinder diesels and gasoline engines with two-stroke and four-stroke, and can be used for manufacturing various compressors.

Description

Piston combustion engine with a circular slide block without lateral force

Internal-combustion engine (or motor) is the core apparatus on the motor vehicle, and travelling of Motor Vehicle promotes by it, and therefore, the quality of internal-combustion engine is directly connected to the quality and the energy consumption problem of motor vehicle.For performance and the oil consumption that improves motor vehicle, people have done various improved effort to the structure of internal-combustion engine (or motor), effect also is significant, but, see with regard to present circumstances, also have many problems to remain further to be solved, for example, traditional internal-combustion reciprocating-pisto has the problem of following three aspects:

1, throw of crank shaft big (for stroke 1/2) the connecting rod long 1.7-3.0 of stroke (be generally doubly), machine volume is big, weight is big;

2, the inadaptability in structure thermal procession is to the requirement of volume-variation, and the motion of piston is complicated, and its motion equation is S=r ［ 1-coswt+1(1- $\sqrt{1-r/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="lsi\; n"\; filenames="892072628\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">lsi</figure-callout>}{n}^{}{}^2\mathrm{wt}})$ , wherein r is that crank radius, L are length of connecting rod, and w is a crankshaft rotating angular velocity, and t is the time.This situation makes that not only the thermal efficiency is low, and the above reciprocal inertia force of second order and second order occurs, adds the inertial force that the swing of connecting rod causes, make it be difficult to balance, so efficient is low, and vibration is big, and noise is big.

3, connecting rod has certain pivot angle, and piston produces lateral pressure, and it is bigger to wear and tear.

Owing to above reason, from 19 beginnings of the century, many scientists just are devoted to study the structure of improving internal-combustion engine, as prestige base of a fruit Parsons and wankel etc. hundreds of type (seeing " rotary piston engine " book that Science Press published in 1973 for details) has been proposed, trial-produce successfully also not following tens kinds, but, do not reach usage requirement owing to fail on the structural design to solve sealing and wear problem.

In recent years, people have invented multiple eccentric circle slide block for this reason not to be had linkage mechanism (in fact the throw of eccentric of eccentric circle slide block is equivalent connecting rod, so make the eccentric circle slide block connecting rod comparatively suitable), thus solved that traditional machine weight is big, volume big, vibration is big, the thermal efficiency is low and rotary-piston type is difficult for the shortcoming of sealing.From article and the patent document of delivering both at home and abroad in recent years, the research approach of this structure is all very close, wherein circular slider-crank mechanisms that adopt more.There is a big hole in this class mechanism on the piston handle, smooth block is contained in the hole, one eccentric opening is arranged on the smooth block, crank journal is loaded in the hole, and the eccentric arm of smooth block and crank throw equate, be equal to 1/4th of piston stroke, the sense of rotation of smooth block is opposite with the sense of rotation of bent axle, thereby reciprocating motion of the pistons is become rotatablely moving of bent axle, and stroke is four times of crank throw, but this mechanism still has two problems to have to be overcome.

One, the stationary problem of crankshaft rotating and piston motion: when piston walks to two times of crank throws, be that crankshaft rotating smooth block 90 ° of this moments and bent axle are in coaxial position, therefore smooth block can dally simultaneously in this position and bent axle, piston is motionless, must have a device that crankshaft rotating and piston are synchronized with the movement.

Two, the piston lateral pressure is bigger: piston lateral force F=ptga, wherein p is the piston positive pressure, a is the connecting rod pivot angle, therefore side pressure becomes positive correlation with the connecting rod pivot angle, and the maximum pendulum angle of connecting rod is arcsina=(r)/(L), wherein (r)/(L) is the ratio of crank radius and length of connecting rod, traditional mechanism is in 1/2, a is 30 °, F=p.tg30 °=0.58p of the maximum side pressure of piston then, and a=90 ° of this kind eccentric circle slide-block mechanism (r)/(L)=1 maximum pendulum angle, should be infinitely great with regard to the maximum side pressure of this point, in fact this moment, the crank rotation is asynchronous with piston, piston no longer moves, side pressure also equals zero, but if there is not other measure, side pressure of piston is near infinitely great near 90 ° the time.

From at present, domestic and international article and disclosed each patent documentation institute difference that this mechanism is delivered, adopted different mechanisms to solve above two problems with regard to being, for example: the no connecting rod engine of the Japanese stomodaeum industrial group invention of Japan's " Machine Design " third phase in 1980 report is to adopt to open an arc groove on check of crankshaft, corresponding projection is arranged on piston, to near 90 ° and 270 ° the time, by this groove and projection the piston bent axle is synchronized with the movement, little to the lateral pressure improvement of piston; China patent CN86210915U adopts at the circular hole place of eccentric circle slide block one end face one boss to be arranged, have on the boss one with centrosymmetric groove, with be assemblied in body on can match with one group of sliding pin that slides in paying sliding on the vertical plane of cylinder, asynchronous when solving 90 ° and 270 °, same also little to the side pressure effect that overcomes piston, the no connecting rod engine of the Japanese industry university research of " internal combustion office " the 8th phase in 1981 report is the double sided slider bar that adopts cross layout with the synchronous each other method solution of double-slider, this method, the side pressure (being the side pressure of piston to cylinder) of each slide block is significantly reduced, but maximum side pressure still has F=p.tg45 °, be that F=p is still big than traditional machine, the lazy-tongs of China's patent CN85200337U are that ring gear with the inside and outside gear pair of a pair of 2:1 is riveted on the piston with smooth block is concentric in addition, small gear is fixed on the crankshaft journal with the crankshaft crank axle journal is concentric, stationary problem when solving 90 ° and 270 °, but because gear ring is fixed on the piston, gear-driven tangential force acts on the piston edge, piston is subjected to moment, the formation piston reverses, the wearing and tearing of piston and cylinder have been aggravated, simultaneously the piston load that is hit is broken gear mechanism easily.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of both volumes little at above problem, in light weightly vibrates for a short time again, and noise is low, efficient is high, and the life-span, long piston did not have the smooth block internal-combustion engine of lateral force.

The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions.Be fixed on the body ring gear and bent axle are concentric, fixing small gear on the smooth block, small gear and ring gear engagement, small gear and smooth block one are rotated on the crank diameter of axle.That is to say, dress eccentric circle slide block is made to slide and is paid or roll and pay in the big hole on the existing piston handle, fixing a small gear on smooth block becomes one with it, the eccentric arm of small gear and crank throw equate, the small gear center is communicated with smooth block a through hole, the throw of eccentric in hole equals crank throw, be that small gear is coaxial with the eccentric opening of smooth block, the bent axle diameter of axle that cranks in the hole becomes slip to pay or rolling is paid, ring gear is fixed on the body with bent axle is concentric, or be fixed on the bearing support of crank spindle footpath, it is that the planetary pinion of sun gear is paid with the ring gear that small gear and ring gear mesh formation, be that small gear and smooth block one are rotated on the crank diameter of axle, the mutual conversion that realizes piston no longer to rely on cylinder body or any other guide rail to retrain and do straight reciprocating motion or rotatablely move with axle, the gear ratio of ring gear and small gear is 2:1.When crankshaft rotating, because the constraint of the ring gear and the crank diameter of axle, when small gear is revolved round the sun with the bent axle diameter of axle, do the rotation opposite with crankshaft direction, the angular velocity of rotation is 2 times of revolution, thereby the center (being the piston handle center) of smooth block is moved as straight line, the nonsynchronous problem when not having 90 °, do not have the piston lateral force, piston handle does not need guiding devices such as guide rail yet.Easy processing.From as seen above, this new structure mainly be by smooth block and internal gear pay realize piston linear back and forth and rotatablely moving of bent axle change mutually, piston does not have lateral force to cylinder, vibrates for a short time, noise is little, the efficient height, energy saving, use value is big.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing mechanism of the present utility model and characteristics are elaborated.

Fig. 1 is the utility model one embodiment's a structural representation.

Fig. 2 is that the utility model piston and piston handle are the structure front elevational schematic of one.

Fig. 3 is that the utility model piston and piston handle are the structure schematic side view of one.

The structural representation that Fig. 4 can swing for the utility model piston handle.

Fig. 5 is the utility model ring gear structure front view.

Fig. 6 is the utility model ring gear structure side view.

Fig. 7 is the smooth block front elevational schematic of the eccentric small gear of the utility model band.

Fig. 8 is the smooth block schematic side view of the eccentric small gear of the utility model band.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model is made up of institutes such as body 1, cylinder 2, piston 3, bent axle 4, flywheel 5, cylinder cap 6, smooth block and small gear 7, ring gear 8 and distribution, lubricated, fuel supply, igniting, cooling systems.One handle is arranged on the piston 3, handle and piston can be cast into one (as Fig. 2,3), also can connect into the pattern (as Fig. 4) that to swing with pin, on piston handle, have a big hole, dress eccentric circle slide block is made to slide and is paid or roll and pay in the hole, the small gear that has an eccentric arm and crank throw to equate on the smooth block, small gear is made one with smooth block 7 or is fixedlyed connected, the small gear center has a hole to be communicated with smooth block simultaneously, and small gear and smooth block one are rotated on crank journal.The throw of eccentric in hole equals crank throw (as Fig. 7,8), the empty interior dress crankshaft crank diameter of axle becomes slip to pay or rolling is paid, ring gear 8 and bent axle 4 concentric being fixed on the body 1, mesh with the small gear on the smooth block, formation is that the planetary pinion of sun gear is paid with the ring gear, and promptly small gear and smooth block one are rotated on crank journal.Realize that piston no longer relies on cylinder body or any other guide rail to retrain and do a straight reciprocating motion and a mutual conversion that rotatablely moves, gear ratio is 2:1, and its motion equation is: S=2r(L-coswt), and V=2rwsinwt, a=2rw ²Coswt, wherein S is piston displacement, and V is a velocity of piston, and a is a piston acceleration, and w is a crankshaft rotating angular velocity, and t is the time, this shows, and piston is made the simple harmonic quantity straight line motion, the reciprocal inertia force that no second order and second order are above, the swing inertial force of no connecting rod.Piston stroke is four times of crank radius, and smooth block equivalence connecting rod equals crank radius, crankcase that therefore can be special.When crankshaft rotating, because the constraint of the ring gear and the crank diameter of axle, when small gear is revolved round the sun with the bent axle diameter of axle, do the rotation opposite with crankshaft direction, the angular velocity of rotation is 2 times of revolution, thereby the center (being the piston handle center) of smooth block is moved as straight line, the asynchronous problem when not having 90 ° (or 270 °), do not exist piston that lateral force is arranged, do not need guiding device, reduce wear, reduce the wastage, life-saving is raised the efficiency.Body can adopt cast iron to make, and piston adopts aluminium alloy casting to become one-piece piston, and bent axle is the 40Cr combined type, and eccentric circle slide block and small gear are the structure of one, all make with the 18CrMnTi carburizing and quenching with ring gear.Structure of the present utility model is applicable to makes various model single cylinders, the two-stroke of multi-cylinder, and four-stroke diesel engine, petrol engine also can be as manufacturing and designing various compressors.Fig. 1 is exactly the water-cooled gasoline engine of 12 horsepowers of the utility model four-strokes, 300 rev/mins of rated speeds, rate of fuel consumption 220-230g/psn, complete machine weight 40-50kg, this shows, this model utility novel structure, volume is little, energy consumption is low, technology is simple, and the efficient height is a kind of internal combustion engine of great practical value, coming into operation of it will be made positive contribution for the mankind.

Claims (1)

1. A kind of piston does not have the smooth block internal-combustion engine of lateral force, by body, cylinder, cylinder cap, bent axle, piston, flywheel, smooth block, small gear, ring gear and distribution, lubricated, fuel, supply with, igniting and cooling system are formed, the one fixing piston handle that maybe can swing is arranged on the piston, one big hole is arranged on the handle, with smooth block with slide to pay or roll to pay and match, there is an eccentric arm to equal the eccentric opening of crank radius on the smooth block, become to slide pay with the crank diameter of axle or roll to pay and match, it is characterized in that, ring gear 8 and bent axle 4 concentric being fixed on the body 1, small gear and smooth block 7 are one, pack in the big hole on the piston handle of no guide rail, the center hole that the eccentric opening of small gear and smooth block is isometrical, the dress crankshaft crank diameter of axle becomes to slide and pays or roll and pay in the hole, small gear and ring gear on the smooth block mesh, and formation is that the planetary pinion of sun gear is paid with the ring gear.

Images