CN205176300U - Meteorological optics visual range detection device - Google Patents
Meteorological optics visual range detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN205176300U CN205176300U CN201520933469.0U CN201520933469U CN205176300U CN 205176300 U CN205176300 U CN 205176300U CN 201520933469 U CN201520933469 U CN 201520933469U CN 205176300 U CN205176300 U CN 205176300U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a meteorological optics visual range detection device. Its light source light path overhead has parallel light transmitter (2), transmission light intensity sampler, the light path increases the journey ware, optical receiver and data processor (9), wherein, the light source is white light source (1), parallel light transmitter (2) are the galilean telescope, it is length >= 10m that the light path increases the journey ware, environmental simulation cabin (3) is surveyd to the meteorological optics visual range of built -in turbidity appearance (36), the control end and data processor (9) the electricity of this boilerplate (3) are connected, put respectively into unthreaded hole (31) on its vertical both sides wall, elementary planar mirror (4), secondary planar mirror (6), final stage planar mirror (5) and play unthreaded hole (35), the optical receiver comprises optical antenna (7) and signal of telecommunication detector (8). It can the measuring range of realization transmission -type visibility be 10m~30km in the work base -line be 10m's space, can be used for widely detecting visibility meter measuring accuracy and uniformity.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of pick-up unit, especially a kind of meteorological optical range pick-up unit.
Background technology
Visibility is an index of reflection atmospheric transparency, people meteorology referring to have twenty-twenty vision can also see and recognize the maximum horizontal range of object under weather condition at that time from sky background, and it can be measured objectively and represent with meteorological optical range.The luminous flux of World Meteorological Organization (WMO) (WMO) definition to meteorological optical range to be colour temperature the be parallel beam of the incandescent lamp of 2700K weaken for its initial value 0.05 time the required air path length passed through.
In automatic observation, usually represent visibility with the meteorological optical range of atmospheric level transmitance definition.Generally speaking, the scope of meteorological optical range mainly contains forward scattering type visiometer, transmission-type visibility meter and photographic-type visiometer.At present, forward scattering type visiometer is mainly used to measure meteorological optical range value in meteorological, highway communication department.World Meteorological Organization's instruments in 2008 and the observation procedure council (CIMO) point out in " meteorologic instrument and observation procedure guide (the 7th edition) ", during low visibility, the measuring accuracy of transmission-type visibility meter is far above forward scattering type visiometer.This is because have ignored absorption when the scattering coefficient of the sample space of very small size measured by forward scattering type visiometer, scattering coefficient is thought and is equal to extinction coefficient; Owing to have ignored absorption, so there is systematic error.The transmission-type visibility meter be made up of directional light transmitter, the strong sampler of utilizing emitted light and the optical receiver on light source and its light path and data processor, after recording and launching light intensity and receiving light power and known light path, meteorological optical range value is drawn according to Lambert-Beer (Lambert-Beer) principle and the close moral of Cauchy (Koschmieder) principle by data processor, due to the optical attenuation that its measurement parallel beam causes because of scattering and absorption, definition with meteorological optical range is the most identical, therefore the accuracy of measuring is the highest.; if the reference instrument of existing transmission-type visibility meter as visibility is used; then still there is weak point; one is need longer base length; work baseline scope as the LT31 type transmission-type visibility meter of Vaisala company of Finland is 30 ~ 70m; the work baseline distance of U.S. LPV3 type transmission-type visibility meter is 500 ~ 1000m; these equipment are all difficult to use in the limited interior space, are unfavorable for that being used as high precision reference device carries out test in laboratory to forward scattering type visiometer; Two be measure the upper limit too low, forward scattering type visiometer cannot be examined and determine, be 10m ~ 30km according to China Meteorological Administration's " forward scattering type visiometer observation criteria " to the requirement of meteorological optical range measurement range, and the measurement range of existing transmission-type visibility meter is only 10m ~ 10km, its measurement range can not meet the requirement for examining and determine forward scattering type visiometer.
Need a difficult problem for the larger interior space for solving longer baseline, people have made some effort, as a kind of fine adjustment type long light path gas-detecting device that Chinese utility model patent CN203479700U announced on March 12nd, 2014.The device recorded in this patent is the first concave mirror and the second concave mirror that sealed gas chamber is built-in with that the surface of emission is oppositely arranged, and the both sides of the first concave mirror are respectively equipped with fine adjustment type catoptron, directional light transmitter and photoelectric sensor; Directional light transmitter wherein and Fiber connection, photoelectric sensor is electrically connected with laser gas concentration analyzer through data line.During measurement, the absorption spectrum of gas to be measured introduced of optical fiber multiple reflections after fine adjustment type catoptron between two concave mirrors, directive photoelectric sensor.Though this long light path gas-detecting device can realize the light path increasing gas absorption spectra to be measured, there is weak point also, first, the length of light path can not be determined exactly, be difficult to obtain accurate measurement result; Secondly, transmission-type visibility meter cannot be solved and measure the difficult problem that the upper limit is only 10km.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is for overcoming weak point of the prior art, thering is provided a kind of can be the measurement range realizing transmission-type visibility in the space of 10m in work baseline be 10m ~ 30km, for the meteorological optical range pick-up unit that the accuracy measured visiometer and consistance detect.
For solving technical matters of the present utility model, the technical scheme adopted is: meteorological optical range pick-up unit comprises directional light transmitter, the strong sampler of utilizing emitted light, optical receiver and data processor in light source and its light path, particularly,
Light path distance increasing unit is serially connected with between the strong sampler of described utilizing emitted light and optical receiver;
Described light source is the white light source of output wavelength 450 ~ 750nm;
Described directional light transmitter is Galileo telescope, and the focus of its combined focal length is positioned at white light source place, output terminal outer place and is equipped with the strong sampler of utilizing emitted light;
Described light path distance increasing unit is length >=10m, is built-in with the meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate of the turbidimeter that output terminal is electrically connected with data processor, the control end of described meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate is electrically connected with data processor, its longitudinal two side is equipped with respectively the incidence hole be positioned on Galileo telescope output light path, primary planar catoptron, secondary plane mirror, final stage plane mirror and light hole;
Described optical receiver is made up of optical antenna and electrical signal detection device, described optical antenna is by the Newtonian telescope be connected in series and optical integrating-sphere, and the light-sensitive detector composition be positioned on optical integrating-sphere inwall, the electric signal wave detector that described electrical signal detection device is electrically connected by the output terminal of sampler strong with utilizing emitted light, light-sensitive detector respectively forms;
Described data processor is made up of microcomputer and interface.
Further improvement as meteorological optical range pick-up unit:
Preferably, white light source is the LED white light source of colour temperature 3000K, Output optical power≤10mW, and its mode of operation is the light pulse of frequency 2kHz, dutycycle 50%; Not only be beneficial to and reduce volume and reduce temperature rise, the light source of upper frequency is also beneficial to the bias light interference in better filtering measurement environment.
Preferably, the clear aperture of Galileo telescope input end is 15mm, the clear aperture of output terminal is 55mm; Be beneficial to the output of the larger optical cross-section of acquisition.
Preferably, the strong sampler of utilizing emitted light and light-sensitive detector are silicon based opto-electronics diode.
Preferably, primary planar catoptron, secondary plane mirror and final stage plane mirror be placed in respectively the longitudinal two side of meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate is equipped be positioned on the elementary light hole on incidence hole output light path, secondary light hole and final stage light hole; Be convenient to the adjustment of light path.
Preferably, turbidimeter is be set up in parallel two the three wavelength turbidimeters be positioned in three-dimensional mobile platform; Except being easy to guarantee that three wavelength turbidimeters can record except the meteorological optical range of diverse location in environmental capsule, be also beneficial to the accuracy that confirmation is measured.
Preferably, the Receiver aperture of Newtonian telescope is 254mm, and the focus of its combined focal length is positioned at the light well place of optical integrating-sphere; Both be beneficial to and reduced light shaft alignement difficulty between transmitting terminal and receiving end, and achieved again the unscreened full reception of light beam, decrease the measuring error because beam divergence causes, also ensure the light signal received lossless.
Preferably, light-sensitive detector is three of being uniformly distributed on optical integrating-sphere inwall; Use the light-sensitive detector of independent operating while of three of confirmation mutually to measure same air sample, be beneficial to the credibility improving measurement data widely.
Preferably, electric signal wave detector is made up of the root mean square detecting type Voltage measure be connected in series and A/D converter; Be beneficial to and reduce circuit noise and the measuring error caused by bias light interference.
Preferably, interface is RS232 serial ports control card.
Preferably, the equipment to be calibrated that output terminal is electrically connected with data processor is equipped with in meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate, wherein, equipment to be calibrated is diffuse transmission type visiometer, or transmission-type visibility meter, or laser visibility automatic measuring instrument, or photographic-type visiometer.
Relative to the beneficial effect of prior art be:
One, light source adopts white wide spectrum light source, makes optical path more weak at the effect of dispersion at lens focal plane place, improves the accuracy of measurement of meteorological optical range.
Its two, directional light transmitter use Galileo telescope, ensure that the depth of parallelism of transmitting illuminant.
They are three years old, the meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate of length >=10m and three plane mirrors that it is equipped with, not only make work baseline in the space of 10m, obtain the extension determining length, it is made to be able to use in the limited interior space, also increase the variation range that light signal converts electric signal after-current and voltage to simultaneously, improve the precision of measurement, more due to the size by data processor controlled environmental capsule humidity, achieve in confined space quick, controllably simulate the meteorological optical range observing environment of 10m ~ 30km, for the measurement range realizing transmission-type visibility is had laid a good foundation up to 30km.
They are four years old, the scattering coefficient value that turbidimeter during meteorological optical range >=15km measures is equivalent to extinction coefficient value to carry out the system constants calibration of device, the system constants of device are applicable to the original signal recorded in 10m ~ 30km gamut, drastically increase the scope of transmission-type meteorological optical range measurement, accuracy and reliability.
Its five, the collection with large aperture end of Newtonian telescope improves the adaptive faculty to the drift of beam signal geometric position, and as calculated, its stability improves more than 10 times.
They are six years old, integrating sphere is used to collect light signal, both reduced because buildings vibrations, air turbulence make hot spot shake the measuring error produced, the scattered light making again the photosurface of light-sensitive detector be integrated all the time in ball is full of, and reduces the error because its non_uniform response when light-sensitive detector is positioned at diverse location causes.
This device is based on the organic combination of above technical measures, the measurement range achieving transmission-type visibility in the work baseline of 10m is 10m ~ 30km, breaches existing transmission-type visibility meter and measures the upper limit and be only 10km and constraint that turbidimeter measurement lower limit≤10km time error is large.Through actual measurement and comparison, the error of measurement is only ± 5%, can be used for the accuracy measured visiometer and conforming detection completely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of basic structure schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the comparison diagram of the meteorological optical range curve that the meteorological optical range curve that recorded by the first passage composed in series with electric signal wave detector be distributed on optical integrating-sphere inwall in three light-sensitive detectors and turbidimeter record.
Fig. 3 be the meteorological optical range that records with turbidimeter for conventional true value time, the uncertainty that first passage is measured.
Fig. 4 is the comparison diagram of the meteorological optical range curve that the meteorological optical range curve that records of the second channel composed in series by the another be distributed on optical integrating-sphere inwall in three light-sensitive detectors and electric signal wave detector and turbidimeter record.
Fig. 5 be the meteorological optical range that records with turbidimeter for conventional true value time, the uncertainty that second channel is measured.
Fig. 6 is the comparison diagram of the meteorological optical range curve that the meteorological optical range curve that recorded by another the third channel composed in series with electric signal wave detector be distributed on optical integrating-sphere inwall in three light-sensitive detectors and turbidimeter record.
Fig. 7 be the meteorological optical range that records with turbidimeter for conventional true value time, the uncertainty that third channel is measured.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, optimal way of the present utility model is described in further detail.
See Fig. 1, being constructed as follows of meteorological optical range pick-up unit:
The light path of white light source 1 is equipped with successively directional light transmitter 2, the strong sampler of utilizing emitted light, light path distance increasing unit, optical receiver and data processor 9.Wherein,
The output wavelength of white light source 1 is 450 ~ 750nm, colour temperature is 3000K, Output optical power≤10mW, and its mode of operation is the light pulse of frequency 2kHz, dutycycle 50%.
Directional light transmitter 2 is the Galileo telescope that the focus of combined focal length is positioned at white light source 1 place, and the clear aperture of this Galileo telescope light input end is 15mm, the clear aperture of output terminal is 55mm.The strong sampler of utilizing emitted light is the silicon based opto-electronics diode being placed in Galileo telescope output terminal outer place.
Light path distance increasing unit is length 10m, its longitudinal two side is equipped with respectively the meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate 3 of the incidence hole 31 be positioned on Galileo telescope output light path, elementary light hole 32, primary planar catoptron 4, secondary light hole 33, secondary plane mirror 6, final stage light hole 34, final stage plane mirror 5 and light hole 35; Wherein, primary planar catoptron 4, secondary plane mirror 6 and final stage plane mirror 5 are placed on elementary light hole 32, secondary light hole 33 and final stage light hole 34 respectively.Meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate 3 is built-in with the turbidimeter 36 and equipment to be calibrated 38 that output terminal is all electrically connected with data processor 9; Wherein, turbidimeter 36 is for being positioned at be set up in parallel two three wavelength turbidimeters in three-dimensional mobile platform 37, equipment 38 to be calibrated is diffuse transmission type visiometer (or transmission-type visibility meter, or laser visibility automatic measuring instrument, or photographic-type visiometer).The control end of meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate 3 is electrically connected with data processor 9.
Optical receiver is made up of optical antenna 7 and electrical signal detection device 8.Wherein, optical antenna 7 is by the Newtonian telescope be connected in series and optical integrating-sphere, and three the light-sensitive detector compositions be uniformly distributed on optical integrating-sphere inwall, the Receiver aperture of Newtonian telescope is wherein 254mm, the focus of its combined focal length is positioned at the light well place of optical integrating-sphere, and three light-sensitive detectors are silicon based opto-electronics diode; Electrical signal detection device 8 is made up of four the electric signal wave detectors be electrically connected with the output terminal of a strong sampler of utilizing emitted light, three light-sensitive detectors respectively, and every electric signal wave detector is by the root mean square detecting type Voltage measure be connected in series and A/D converter composition.
Data processor 9 is made up of microcomputer and interface, and interface is wherein RS232 serial ports control card.
During the work of meteorological optical range pick-up unit, white light source 1 is after directional light transmitter 2, become launch spot diameter 50mm, directional light that the angle of divergence is less than 1mrad, and enter meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate 3, under the meteorological optical range observing environment of the 10m ~ 30km simulated in cabin, after going through the reflection of primary planar catoptron 4, secondary plane mirror 6 and final stage plane mirror 5, light spot received diameter when arriving Newtonian telescope is about 85mm.Afterwards, spot diameter is about the reception light of 85mm after optical integrating-sphere and three light-sensitive detectors be uniformly distributed on its inwall are transformed to the electric signal of receiving light power, is sent to data processor 9 through electrical signal detection device 8 together with the output of the strong sampler of utilizing emitted light.Data processor 9 will launch the spacing of light intensity, receiving light power, directional light transmitter and optical receiver, and the system constants of the meteorological optical range demarcated by turbidimeter 36 in advance this device when being 15km, the meteorological optical range of the corresponding light path as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 is obtained according to Lambert-Beer principle and Cauchy's close moral principle.
Wherein, when showing that the meteorological optical range demarcated by turbidimeter 36 is 15km, the process of the system constants of this device is, first get the arithmetic mean of the scattering coefficient of air sample in the meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate 3 measured by two three wavelength turbidimeters as scattering coefficient at that time, assert when in meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate 3, meteorological optical range is 15km, the scattering coefficient of air sample equals extinction coefficient.Again by the transmitting light intensity that recorded by device and receiving light power, and the spacing of known extinction coefficient, directional light transmitter and optical receiver substitutes into Lambert-Beer principle formula I=CI
0exp (-σ L), the I in formula is receiving light power, C is system constants, I
0the spacing that the transmitting light intensity detected for the strong sampler of utilizing emitted light, σ are extinction coefficient, L is optical transmitting set and optical receiver, draws system constants C.
Afterwards, the scaled values of the atmospheric level transmitance using system constants C as device, the transmitting light intensity that device records and receiving light power, and the spacing of known extinction coefficient, directional light transmitter and optical receiver, by the close moral principle formula of Cauchy
again in conjunction with Lambert-Beer principle formula
the meteorological optical range of the corresponding light path as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 can be obtained.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to meteorological optical range pick-up unit of the present utility model and not depart from spirit and scope of the present utility model.Like this, if belong within the scope of the utility model claim and equivalent technologies thereof to these amendments of the present utility model and modification, then the utility model is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a meteorological optical range pick-up unit, comprises directional light transmitter (2), the strong sampler of utilizing emitted light, optical receiver and the data processor (9) in light source and its light path, it is characterized in that:
Light path distance increasing unit is serially connected with between the strong sampler of described utilizing emitted light and optical receiver;
Described light source is the white light source (1) of output wavelength 450 ~ 750nm;
Described directional light transmitter (2) is Galileo telescope, and the focus of its combined focal length is positioned at white light source (1) place, output terminal outer place and is equipped with the strong sampler of utilizing emitted light;
Described light path distance increasing unit is length >=10m, is built-in with the meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate (3) of the turbidimeter (36) that output terminal is electrically connected with data processor (9), the control end of described meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate (3) is electrically connected with data processor (9), its longitudinal two side is equipped with respectively the incidence hole (31) be positioned on Galileo telescope output light path, primary planar catoptron (4), secondary plane mirror (6), final stage plane mirror (5) and light hole (35);
Described optical receiver is made up of optical antenna (7) and electrical signal detection device (8), described optical antenna (7) is by the Newtonian telescope be connected in series and optical integrating-sphere, and the light-sensitive detector composition be positioned on optical integrating-sphere inwall, the electric signal wave detector that described electrical signal detection device (8) is electrically connected by the output terminal of sampler strong with utilizing emitted light, light-sensitive detector respectively forms;
Described data processor (9) is made up of microcomputer and interface.
2. meteorological optical range pick-up unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that white light source (1) is colour temperature 3000K, the LED white light source of Output optical power≤10mW, its mode of operation is the light pulse of frequency 2kHz, dutycycle 50%.
3. meteorological optical range pick-up unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that the clear aperture of Galileo telescope input end is 15mm, the clear aperture of output terminal is 55mm.
4. meteorological optical range pick-up unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that the strong sampler of utilizing emitted light and light-sensitive detector are silicon based opto-electronics diode.
5. meteorological optical range pick-up unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that primary planar catoptron (4), secondary plane mirror (6) and final stage plane mirror (5) are placed in being positioned on the elementary light hole (32) on incidence hole (31) output light path, secondary light hole (33) and final stage light hole (34) that meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate (3) longitudinal two side is equipped with respectively.
6. meteorological optical range pick-up unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that turbidimeter (36) is for being positioned at be set up in parallel two three wavelength turbidimeters in three-dimensional mobile platform (37).
7. meteorological optical range pick-up unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that the Receiver aperture of Newtonian telescope is 254mm, and the focus of its combined focal length is positioned at the light well place of optical integrating-sphere.
8. meteorological optical range pick-up unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that light-sensitive detector is three of being uniformly distributed on optical integrating-sphere inwall.
9. meteorological optical range pick-up unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that electric signal wave detector is made up of the root mean square detecting type Voltage measure be connected in series and A/D converter.
10. meteorological optical range pick-up unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being equipped with in meteorological optical range observing environment boiler-plate (3) equipment to be calibrated (38) that output terminal is electrically connected with data processor (9), wherein, equipment to be calibrated (38) is diffuse transmission type visiometer, or transmission-type visibility meter, or laser visibility automatic measuring instrument, or photographic-type visiometer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520933469.0U CN205176300U (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | Meteorological optics visual range detection device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520933469.0U CN205176300U (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | Meteorological optics visual range detection device |
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| CN205176300U true CN205176300U (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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| CN201520933469.0U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205176300U (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | Meteorological optics visual range detection device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105301674A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽省大气探测技术保障中心 | Detection device of meteorological optical range |
| CN108181267A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | A kind of small-sized forward scattering visibility meter calibration system |
-
2015
- 2015-11-20 CN CN201520933469.0U patent/CN205176300U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105301674A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽省大气探测技术保障中心 | Detection device of meteorological optical range |
| CN108181267A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | A kind of small-sized forward scattering visibility meter calibration system |
| CN108181267B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2021-01-26 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Small forward scattering visibility meter calibration system |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Granted publication date: 20160420 Effective date of abandoning: 20170616 |