CN204981793U - 一种lng冷能应用于油田伴生气的处理装置 - Google Patents

一种lng冷能应用于油田伴生气的处理装置 Download PDF

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CN204981793U
CN204981793U CN201520459700.7U CN201520459700U CN204981793U CN 204981793 U CN204981793 U CN 204981793U CN 201520459700 U CN201520459700 U CN 201520459700U CN 204981793 U CN204981793 U CN 204981793U
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heat exchanger
interchanger
outlet
lng
cold energy
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王寿喜
冯霞
张泽天
何友祥
何双
陈军伟
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Xian Shiyou University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
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Abstract

一种LNG冷能应用于油田伴生气的处理装置，分离器和压缩机连接，压缩机和第六换热器连接，第六换热器和闪蒸塔连接，闪蒸塔与第二换热器连接及第一换热器连接，第一换热器和第二换热器与脱甲烷塔连接，脱甲烷塔与第六换热器连接，脱甲烷塔再沸器出口与第三换热器E3相连通，脱甲烷塔和脱乙烷塔连接；脱乙烷塔与第四换热器连接，脱乙烷塔与第五换热器连接；LNG气体进入依次串联的第一换热器、第二换热器，第三换热器，第四换热器和第五换热器，依次使用了5个换热器，将LNG冷能充分利用，脱甲烷塔的再沸器和脱乙烷塔的再沸器、冷凝器均与LNG进行换热，减少了电能、热能的使用，极大的减少经济投资。

Description

一种LNG冷能应用于油田伴生气的处理装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及冷能利用及轻烃回收的技术领域，特别涉及一种LNG冷能应用于油田伴生气的处理装置。
背景技术
油田在开采过程中，在油层间会出现伴随石油液体出现的气体，分离出的石油伴生气量与原油的类型、油井压力及油井所处的地理结构等有关。伴生气的主要成份是甲烷，通常含有大量的乙烷和碳氢重组分。气体处理就是指将乙烷、丙烷、丁烷和重组分从气流中分离出来，它们可以被进一步加工，作为纯组分或天然气混合液(NGL)或液化石油气(LPG)销售。我国典型的石油伴生气中含有NGL的体积百分比为11.7％，重量百分比为28％，它约占总能量的25％,因此，石油伴生气轻烃回收厂是油田产能***的重要一环。
油田伴生气回收的方法主要有吸附法，油吸收法和冷凝分离法。吸附法是指利用固体吸附剂对各种烃类的吸附容量不同，从而使油田伴生气或井口天然气中一些组分得以分离的方法；油吸收法是指利用不同烃类在吸收油中溶解度不同，从而将油田伴生气或井口天然气中各个组分得以分离；冷凝分离方法是利用一定压力下油田伴生气或井口天然气中各组分的沸点不同，将油田伴生气冷却至露点温度以下某一值，使其部分冷凝与气液分离，从而得到富含较重烃类的凝液。冷凝分离法是目前使用较为普遍的方法。
目前，油田伴生气的凝液回收工艺均是采用电压缩制冷剂膨胀制冷的方式获得低温，进行凝液分离。这种方法由于采用了电压缩制冷工艺，能耗较高。目前，已有很多关于电压缩制冷工艺能量利用优化方面的报导，但LNG冷能用于油田伴生气或井口天然气凝液回收工艺则很少。现有的LNG冷能利用于油田伴生气的流程也具有能耗利用率低，LNG出口温度控制力度不够，从而导致LNG冷量和资源的浪费。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的缺陷，本实用新型的目的在于提供一种LNG冷能应用于油田伴生气的处理装置，把油田伴生气在处理过程中所需要的冷热量通过LNG的循环连接起来，实现了油田伴生气电能和热能的零利用；最后通过对所需LNG的用量进行调整，将LNG最终出口温度控制在-120左右，这样就使得LNG轻烃回收过程中第一阶段的温降省略，实现了油田伴生气和LNG双赢的结果。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型的技术方案通过下述方案实现：
一种LNG冷能应用于油田伴生气的处理装置，包括分离器V1，分离器V1顶部和压缩机K1入口连接，压缩机K1出口和第六换热器E6连接，第六换热器E6出口和闪蒸塔V2入口连接，闪蒸塔V2顶部的气相出口与第二换热器E2连接，闪蒸塔V2底部液相出口和第一换热器E1连接，第一换热器E1和第二换热器E2的出口分别与脱甲烷塔T1的上部和中部进口连接，脱甲烷塔T1顶部气相出口与第六换热器E6连接，脱甲烷塔T1再沸器出口与第三换热器E3相连通，脱甲烷塔T1底部液相出口和脱乙烷塔T2入口连接；脱乙烷塔T2的冷凝器出口与第四换热器E4连接，脱乙烷塔T2的再沸器出口与第五换热器E5连接；
LNG气体出口管道连通第一换热器E1，第一换热器E1、第二换热器E2，第三换热器E3，第四换热器E4和第五换热器E5依次串联。本实用新型的特征在于：
①依次使用了5个换热器，将LNG冷能充分利用。
②脱甲烷塔T1里的回流温度可以通过LNG冷能进行调节，极容易使甲烷的外输温度达到最理想的状态，最终甲烷气体达到当地的天然气管网需求温度，满足外输要求。
③脱甲烷塔T1的再沸器和脱乙烷塔的再沸器、冷凝器均与LNG进行换热，减少了电能、热能的使用，极大的减少经济投资。
④物流20是LNG的冷能被利用之后的最终产物，该物流的温度可以通过调节LNG入口物流(物流15)的流量来达到最终想要的LNG产品，比如，当物流20温度为120℃左右时，就减少了LNG轻烃回收中的初级温降过程，减少了设备投资，增加了经济效益。
附图说明
附图是本实用新型的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本实用新型的结构原理和工作原理做详细叙述。
参照附图，一种LNG冷能应用于油田伴生气的处理装置，包括分离器V1，分离器V1顶部和压缩机K1入口连接，压缩机K1出口和第六换热器E6连接，第六换热器E6出口和闪蒸塔V2入口连接，闪蒸塔V2顶部的气相出口与第二换热器E2连接，闪蒸塔V2底部液相出口和第一换热器E1连接，第一换热器E1和第二换热器E2的出口分别与脱甲烷塔T1的上部和中部进口连接，脱甲烷塔T1顶部气相出口与第六换热器E6连接，脱甲烷塔T1再沸器出口与第三换热器E3相连通，脱甲烷塔T1底部液相出口和脱乙烷塔T2入口连接；脱乙烷塔T2的冷凝器出口与第四换热器E4连接，脱乙烷塔T2的再沸器出口与第五换热器E5连接；
LNG气体出口管道连通第一换热器E1，第一换热器E1、第二换热器E2，第三换热器E3，第四换热器E4和第五换热器E5依次串联。
本实用新型的工作原理为：
第一部分、油田伴生气的处理
温度为50℃，压力为1.4MPa的原料油田伴生气经分离器V1脱水后，经压缩机K1加压至2MPa，加压后的物流经第六换热器E6冷却至7℃后，进入绝热闪蒸罐V2，分成气液两相两股物流，来自闪蒸罐V2的气相物流冷被却至-120℃，经脱甲烷塔T1上部进入脱甲烷塔T1。来自闪蒸罐的液相物流冷却至-100℃后，经脱甲烷塔T1中部进入脱甲烷塔T2。脱甲烷塔T1的塔顶产品经E6回热至14.61℃后，并入城市天然气管网，脱甲烷塔T1塔底的NGL产品以9.5℃进入脱乙烷塔T2，在脱乙烷塔T2中回收原料气中的乙烷后，在塔底得到85℃的LPG产品。
第二部分、LNG冷能利用
-158℃的LNG经过第一换热器E1，温度升至-152.3℃，经过第二换热器E2，温度升至3.6℃，经过第三换热器E3，温度将至-127℃，经过第四换热器E4，温度升至-60℃，经过第五换热器E5，温度降至-129.9℃。
该冷却装置具有冷能利用率最高，油田伴生气中天然气产品回收率高的特点，弥补了油田伴生气能耗高，LNG冷能浪费的缺点，提高回收效益，节约资源。

Claims (1)

1.一种LNG冷能应用于油田伴生气的处理装置，其特征在于，包括分离器(V1)，分离器(V1)顶部和压缩机(K1)入口连接，压缩机(K1)出口和第六换热器(E6)连接，第六换热器(E6)出口和闪蒸塔(V2)入口连接，闪蒸塔(V2)顶部的气相出口与第二换热器(E2)连接，闪蒸塔(V2)底部液相出口和第一换热器(E1)连接，第一换热器(E1)和第二换热器(E2)的出口分别与脱甲烷塔(T1)的上部和中部进口连接，脱甲烷塔(T1)顶部气相出口与第六换热器(E6)连接，脱甲烷塔(T1)再沸器出口与第三换热器(E3)相连通，脱甲烷塔(T1)底部液相出口和脱乙烷塔(T2)入口连接；脱乙烷塔(T2)的冷凝器出口与第四换热器(E4)连接，脱乙烷塔(T2)的再沸器出口与第五换热器(E5)连接；
LNG气体出口管道连通第一换热器(E1)，第一换热器(E1)、第二换热器(E2)，第三换热器(E3)，第四换热器(E4)和第五换热器(E5)依次串联。
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CN107940893A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-04-20 四川金英科技有限责任公司 采用冷能轻烃回收的lng冷能梯级利用方法
CN107940897A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-04-20 四川金英科技有限责任公司 采用冷能液化分离空气的lng冷能梯级利用方法
CN108005739A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-05-08 四川金英科技有限责任公司 采用冷能发电的lng冷能梯级利用方法
CN111577414A (zh) * 2020-05-19 2020-08-25 西安石油大学 一种lng轻烃分离耦合超临界co2再压缩布雷顿/卡琳娜联合循环发电***
CN111854323A (zh) * 2020-08-14 2020-10-30 四川科比科油气工程有限公司 一种深度回收lng中乙烷的装置及回收方法

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107940893A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-04-20 四川金英科技有限责任公司 采用冷能轻烃回收的lng冷能梯级利用方法
CN107940897A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-04-20 四川金英科技有限责任公司 采用冷能液化分离空气的lng冷能梯级利用方法
CN108005739A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-05-08 四川金英科技有限责任公司 采用冷能发电的lng冷能梯级利用方法
CN111577414A (zh) * 2020-05-19 2020-08-25 西安石油大学 一种lng轻烃分离耦合超临界co2再压缩布雷顿/卡琳娜联合循环发电***
CN111854323A (zh) * 2020-08-14 2020-10-30 四川科比科油气工程有限公司 一种深度回收lng中乙烷的装置及回收方法

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