CN204906239U - Direct current motor speed control system based on single chip microcomputer control - Google Patents
Direct current motor speed control system based on single chip microcomputer control Download PDFInfo
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- CN204906239U CN204906239U CN201520666724.XU CN201520666724U CN204906239U CN 204906239 U CN204906239 U CN 204906239U CN 201520666724 U CN201520666724 U CN 201520666724U CN 204906239 U CN204906239 U CN 204906239U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a direct current motor speed control system based on single chip microcomputer control, this system of its characterized in that includes manual control mechanism, voice broadcast mechanism, power, electric control mechanism, liquid crystal display, actuating mechanism, photoelectric encoder and alarm, electric control mechanism includes singlechip, motor drive chip and voltage comparater, the singlechip includes comparison circuit, PWM control module, PWM modulation module and timing / counter module, PWM control module's input links to each other with comparison circuit's output, and its output links to each other with the input of PWM modulation module, and the output of PWM modulation module links to each other with the input of motor drive chip, voltage comparater's non inverting input end is connected with the power pin of singlechip, and the inverting input end detects ohmic connection to ground through one, and the messenger that the voltage comparater output was connected to the motor drive chip can hold on the pin, actuating mechanism includes direct current motor and motor drive unit.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to electric machine speed regulation technical field, specifically relates to based on monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system.
Background technology
General in the practical application of motor, electric machine speed regulation is absolutely necessary a part.Traditional 51 monolithic processor controlled motor speed regulation systems are that Negotiation speed sensor measurement goes out the motor speed characterized by linear velocity, then using this analog signals control signal as electric machine speed regulation after A/D conversion, PWM ripple is produced through self Timer/Counter module by single-chip microcomputer, carry out motor by motor-drive circuit again and drive the speeds control realizing motor, in the signal transacting of A/D conversion and the production process of PWM ripple, be easy to produce error, cause the decline of control precision.Therefore, design simple, flexible, high-precision motor speed regulation system and become extremely urgent task.
Utility model content
For the deficiencies in the prior art, technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, provides a kind of based on monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system.This governing system adopts digital pulse type feedback controling mode, traditional velocity transducer and A/D conversion equipment is replaced with photoelectric encoder, by measuring in certain hour the grating quantity that obtains and it being fed back to single-chip microcomputer in the mode of pulse signal, and then carry out Electric Machine Control, pwm signal is produced by the PWM module of single-chip microcomputer MC9S12XS128 inside, be combined with MC33887 driving chip simultaneously, realize starting direct current machine, stop, accelerate, the control of deceleration and rotating, also be provided with voice broadcast mechanism and alarm simultaneously, realize real-time broadcasting and the display of rotating speed, improve the fail safe that direct current machine runs.Because control signal is digital pulse signal but not analog signal, eliminate signal conversion process simultaneously, optimize complicated PWM ripple producing method, control precision just obtains certain raising, components and parts simultaneously needed for this system are less, circuit structure is simple, control flexible durable and speed fast, can speed governing on a large scale be carried out, therefore, it is possible to adapt to the development need in modern industry field.
The utility model solve the technical problem adopted technical scheme: provide a kind of based on monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system, it is characterized in that this system comprises manual control mechanism, voice broadcast mechanism, power supply, electric control mechanism, LCDs, actuator, photoelectric encoder and alarm; Described electric control mechanism comprises single-chip microcomputer, motor drive ic and voltage comparator, described single-chip microcomputer comprises comparison circuit, PWM control module, PWM module and Timer/Counter module, the described input of PWM control module is connected with the output of comparison circuit, its output is connected with the input of PWM module, and the output of PWM module is connected with the input of motor drive ic; The in-phase input end of described voltage comparator is connected with the power pins of single-chip microcomputer, and inverting input detects resistance by one and is connected to ground, and voltage comparator output is connected on the Enable Pin pin of motor drive ic; Described actuator comprises direct current machine and motor-driven unit, and the input of described direct current machine is connected with the output of motor drive ic, and the output of direct current machine is connected with motor-driven unit, and direct current machine is connected with alarm simultaneously; Described photoelectric encoder comprises grating disc and photoelectric detection system, and described grating disc is connected with motor-driven unit, and the output of described photoelectric detection system is connected with the input of the Timer/Counter module of single-chip microcomputer; Described voice broadcast mechanism comprises voice broadcast circuit and loud speaker, and the output of described voice broadcast circuit is connected with loud speaker, and the input of voice broadcast circuit and LCDs are connected with the output of single-chip microcomputer simultaneously; Described manual control mechanism comprises four mechanical keys, and four mechanical keys are connected with four I/O pins of single-chip microcomputer respectively; Power supply is that whole system is powered by single-chip microcomputer.
Above-mentioned based on monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system, the model of described single-chip microcomputer is MC9S12XS128, and the model of motor drive ic is MC33887, and voltage comparator is LM393 chip, and described alarm is CZ700 motor speed monitor.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has following beneficial effect:
1) the utility model photoelectric encoder replaces traditional velocity transducer and A/D conversion equipment, by measuring the grating quantity of gained in certain hour and it being fed back to single-chip microcomputer in the mode of pulse signal, and then carry out Electric Machine Control, selected single-chip microcomputer includes PWM module and PWM control module can produce PWM ripple voluntarily, because control signal is digital pulse signal but not analog signal, eliminate signal conversion process simultaneously, optimize complicated PWM ripple producing method, significantly improve the precision of measurement, meet the requirement to Automated condtrol in present-day procedure.
2) single-chip microcomputer in the utility model carries PWM module and PWM control module, PWM ripple can be produced voluntarily and drive direct current machine to run by motor drive ic, easy to use, adopt motor drive ic to replace drive circuit simultaneously, wiring is simple, significantly improves driving effect.MC9S12XS128 single-chip microcomputer selected by single-chip microcomputer, this single-chip microcomputer is the single-chip microcomputer of 16, have the PWM of 8 passages, and coordinate the use of upgrade version motor drive ic MC33887, be easier to realize the control to motor, there is the features such as precision is high, speed is fast, function is strong, cost is low, low in energy consumption simultaneously.
3) the utility model adopts double-deck control model, namely automatically control and Non-follow control, both came the startup of Non-follow control motor, stopping, acceleration, deceleration by four mechanical keys, regulate by the PWM module of single-chip microcomputer again and automatically control, the space making it select is more various.
4) the utility model is safe and reliable, both realizes the control to direct current machine maximum (top) speed by mcu programming, and outside alarm of installing is avoided DC motor speed excessive and burns simultaneously.Alarm adopts CZ700 motor speed monitor, and rotary speed precision can reach 0.05%, carries magnetoelectric velocity transducer and has self-recovering function, and after rotating speed is normal, alarm is cancelled automatically, safe and reliable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic block diagram of the utility model based on monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system;
Fig. 2 is the circuit connection diagram of the utility model based on the electric control mechanism 4 of monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system;
In figure, 1-manual control mechanism, 2-voice broadcast mechanism, 3-power supply, 4-electric control mechanism, 5-LCDs, 6-actuator, 7-photoelectric encoder, 8-alarm, 401-single-chip microcomputer, 402-motor drive ic, 403-voltage comparator, 201-voice broadcast circuit, 202-loud speaker, 601-direct current machine, 602-motor-driven unit, 701-grating disc, 702-photoelectric detection system, a-comparison circuit, b-PWM control module, c-PWM modulation module, d-Timer/Counter module.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
The utility model comprises manual control mechanism 1, voice broadcast mechanism 2, power supply 3, electric control mechanism 4, LCDs 5, actuator 6, photoelectric encoder 7 and alarm 8 based on monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system (being called for short governing system or system, see Fig. 1); Described electric control mechanism 4 comprises single-chip microcomputer 401, motor drive ic 402 and voltage comparator 403, described single-chip microcomputer 401 comprises comparison circuit a, PWM control module b, PWM module c and Timer/Counter module d, the input of described PWM control module b is connected with the output of comparison circuit a, its output is connected with the input of PWM module c, and the output of PWM module c is connected with the input of motor drive ic 402; The in-phase input end of described voltage comparator 403 is connected with the power pins of single-chip microcomputer 401, and inverting input detects resistance R10 by one and is connected to ground, and voltage comparator 403 output is connected on the Enable Pin pin of motor drive ic 402; Described actuator 6 comprises direct current machine 601 and motor-driven unit 602, the input of described direct current machine 601 is connected with the output of motor drive ic 402, the output of direct current machine 601 is connected with motor-driven unit 602, and direct current machine 601 is connected with alarm 8 simultaneously; Described photoelectric encoder 7 comprises grating disc 701 and photoelectric detection system 702, and described grating disc 701 is connected with motor-driven unit 602, and the output of described photoelectric detection system 702 is connected with the input of the Timer/Counter module d of single-chip microcomputer 401; Described voice broadcast mechanism 2 comprises voice broadcast circuit 201 and loud speaker 202, and the output of described voice broadcast circuit 201 is connected with loud speaker 202, and the input of voice broadcast circuit 201 is connected with the output of single-chip microcomputer 401;
Described manual control mechanism 1 comprises four mechanical keys, and four mechanical keys are connected with four I/O pins of single-chip microcomputer 401 respectively, and four mechanical keys control the startup of direct current machine 601, stopping, acceleration and deceleration respectively;
Described LCDs 5 is connected with the output of single-chip microcomputer 401, for showing the real-time rotate speed of direct current machine; Power supply 3 by single-chip microcomputer 401 for whole system is powered.
Of the present utility modelly be further characterized in that the model of described single-chip microcomputer 401 is MC9S12XS128, this single-chip microcomputer integrated level is high, low price, better performances, described voltage comparator 403 is LM393 chip, the model of motor drive ic 402 is MC33887, described alarm 8 is CZ700 motor speed monitor, this monitor comprises supporting magnetoelectric tachometric transducer, this monitor is enable to reach normal rear recovery automatically at the rotating speed of direct current machine, can be given a forecast warning and dangerous report simultaneously, the effective guarantee safe handling of direct current machine, further increase the coefficient of safety that system uses.
Described in Fig. 2, embodiment shows, the utility model connects and composes based on the physical circuit of the electric control mechanism 4 of monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system: the model of single-chip microcomputer 401 is MC9S12XS128, the model of motor drive ic 402 is MC33887, voltage comparator 403 adopts LM393 chip, the PWM7 pin of this single-chip microcomputer is connected with the IN1 pin of motor drive ic 402, to drive the rotating forward of direct current machine 601; The PWM5 pin of single-chip microcomputer 401 is connected with the IN2 pin of motor drive ic 402, to drive the reversion of direct current machine; The PAD00 pin of single-chip microcomputer 401 is connected with the EB pin of motor drive ic 402; To connect an electric capacity at the power input port V+ (voltage is 7.2V) of motor drive ic 402, electric capacity other end ground connection, to prevent the impact of output current to power supply of direct current machine 601; The OUT1 pin of motor drive ic 402 is then connected with output with the input of direct current machine 601 respectively with OUT2 pin; The in-phase input end of voltage comparator 403 is connected with the power pins of single-chip microcomputer by a variable resistor Rw, inverting input is connected with one end of the detection resistance R10 of 1.5 Ω, the other end ground connection of this detection resistance R10, the output of voltage comparator is connected on the Enable Pin pin of motor drive ic 402 simultaneously; Introduce in the utility model model be LM393 voltage comparator 403 can available protecting motor drive ic 402 can not be excessive and damaged because of voltage.Described motor drive ic 402 adopts MC33887 chip, this chip is one piece of integrated direct current machine H bridge power drive chip, its inside has load current feedback, utilize single-chip microcomputer 401 pairs of motor drive ics 402 to sample, the flash working current value of monitoring H bridge, finally realizes the speed of direct current machine and the closed-loop control of torque in real time, namely when PWM7 exports, after being driven by motor drive ic 402, OUT1 pin exports control signal, and direct current machine 601 rotates forward; When PWM5 exports, pass through, after motor drive ic 402 drives, OUT2 pin exports control signal, and direct current machine 601 reverses; When PWM5, PWM7 no-output, direct current machine stall.
In Fig. 2, single-chip microcomputer 401 adopts the single-chip microcomputer of MC9S12XS128 model, two-way PWM channel signal controls the rotating forward of direct current machine, reversion and start and stop etc., can be realized by programming, drive, control a direct current machine need design direct current motor drive circuit, both discrete power component can have been used to build drive circuit, also can use integrated direct current machine power drive chip.The utility model adopts integrated drive chips MC33887 and logical circuit to realize controlling this direct current machine, greatly for simplifying circuit.
The utility model based on the operation principle of monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system is: the utility model adopts double-deck control model, namely automatically controls and Non-follow control.PWM ripple is the adjustable square wave of a kind of duty ratio, by the adjustment of waveform duty cycle, namely the average voltage of waveform is changed, connect based on above circuit, single-chip microcomputer utilizes PWM module c to export PWM ripple, direct current machine 601 is controlled by motor drive ic 402 with this PWM ripple, the voltage that direct current machine 601 obtains and rotating speed direct proportionality, rotation is passed to photoelectric encoder 7 by motor-driven unit 602 by direct current machine 601, the grating disc 701 of photoelectric encoder 7 and the power transmission shaft coaxial rotation of motor-driven unit 602, grating disc 701 is evenly distributed with the aperture that several are square, the square hole of light on grating disc that the luminous component of photoelectric detection system 702 sends reaches on the photodetector of photoelectric detection system 702, when direct current machine 601 rotates, grating disc 701 cuts light, photoelectric detection system 702 obtains a series of pulse signal, this pulse signal counts through the Timer/Counter module d of single-chip microcomputer, after timer T0 timing, obtain rotating speed computing formula:
n＝A*m/(N1*T*N)(rpm)
Wherein: n is DC motor speed, N is grid number, and N1 is timer T0 interruption times, and m is the umber of pulse that timer T1 records at the appointed time, and T is the timer T0 timing spilling time, and A is constant.
During automatic control, after single-chip microcomputer 401 calculates the rotating speed of actual measurement, on the one hand this rotating speed voice broadcast circuit 201 is carried out reporting or showing data through LCDs 5 through loud speaker 202; The rotating speed of this actual measurement compares through comparison circuit a and the rotating speed preset on the other hand, if the rotating speed that the rotating ratio of actual measurement is preset is large, so namely the PWM control module b of single-chip microcomputer controls the PWM ripple that PWM module c output duty cycle diminishes; Otherwise, control PWM module c output duty cycle and become large PWM ripple, so just constitute the rotating speed that a closed-loop system carrys out stable regulation direct current machine.
The utility model also can adopt independently four mechanical keys of manual control mechanism 1 to carry out Non-follow control to this system.While being connected respectively to four I/O pins of single-chip microcomputer 401 on the left of these four mechanical keys, be connected with+5V power supply through pull-up resistor, right side ground.In single-chip microcomputer 401, take key scan pattern to judge the state of these four Independent keys to button: if the pin that single-chip microcomputer 401 is connected with mechanical key to single-chip microcomputer by key scan function check is for low level, then illustrate that this mechanical key is pressed, enter handling procedure immediately, single-chip microcomputer 401 sends instruction, direct current machine 601 is controlled, and then manually control mode realizes the startup of direct current machine and the control of stopping, acceleration and deceleration etc.
Embodiment
The present embodiment adopts above-mentioned connected mode based on monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system, the model of wherein said single-chip microcomputer 401 is MC9S12XS128 single-chip microcomputer, described LCDs 5 adopts DMC20261 model, described alarm 8 adopts CZ700 motor speed monitor, this monitor carries magnetoelectric tachometric transducer, rotating speed control precision is 0.05%, and described motor drive ic 402 adopts MC33887 chip, and described voltage comparator 403 adopts LM393 chip.
The devices such as motor drive ic 402, MC9S12XS128 single-chip microcomputer 401, photoelectric encoder 7, LCDs 5, voltage comparator 403 and alarm 8 involved in the utility model all can to obtain and price is suitable buying on the market.
The utility model is not addressed part and is applicable to prior art.
Claims (2)
1., based on a monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system, it is characterized in that this system comprises manual control mechanism, voice broadcast mechanism, power supply, electric control mechanism, LCDs, actuator, photoelectric encoder and alarm; Described electric control mechanism comprises single-chip microcomputer, motor drive ic and voltage comparator, described single-chip microcomputer comprises comparison circuit, PWM control module, PWM module and Timer/Counter module, the described input of PWM control module is connected with the output of comparison circuit, its output is connected with the input of PWM module, and the output of PWM module is connected with the input of motor drive ic; The in-phase input end of described voltage comparator is connected with the power pins of single-chip microcomputer, and inverting input detects resistance by one and is connected to ground, and voltage comparator output is connected on the Enable Pin pin of motor drive ic; Described actuator comprises direct current machine and motor-driven unit, and the input of described direct current machine is connected with the output of motor drive ic, and the output of direct current machine is connected with motor-driven unit, and direct current machine is connected with alarm simultaneously; Described photoelectric encoder comprises grating disc and photoelectric detection system, and described grating disc is connected with motor-driven unit, and the output of described photoelectric detection system is connected with the input of the Timer/Counter module of single-chip microcomputer; Described voice broadcast mechanism comprises voice broadcast circuit and loud speaker, and the output of described voice broadcast circuit is connected with loud speaker, and the input of voice broadcast circuit and LCDs are connected with the output of single-chip microcomputer simultaneously; Described manual control mechanism comprises four mechanical keys, and four mechanical keys are connected with four I/O pins of single-chip microcomputer respectively; Power supply is that whole system is powered by single-chip microcomputer.
2. according to claim 1 based on monolithic processor controlled DC motor speed drive system, it is characterized in that the model of described single-chip microcomputer is MC9S12XS128, the model of motor drive ic is MC33887, and voltage comparator is LM393 chip, and described alarm is CZ700 motor speed monitor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520666724.XU CN204906239U (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2015-08-31 | Direct current motor speed control system based on single chip microcomputer control |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520666724.XU CN204906239U (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2015-08-31 | Direct current motor speed control system based on single chip microcomputer control |
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| CN204906239U true CN204906239U (en) | 2015-12-23 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105864714A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-08-17 | 重庆和锐动力设备有限公司 | Direct-current low-voltage automatic relaying illuminating device for field construction |
| CN106160604A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2016-11-23 | 天津帅通科技发展有限公司 | A kind of arrangements for speed regulation of electromotor |
| CN107950452A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-04-24 | 珠海市华尔安科技有限公司 | A kind of plug-type anti-blocking moisture-proof circuit that feeds intake of self-timing |
| CN111487908A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-04 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | CAN bus based digital quantity closed-loop control device and control method |
-
2015
- 2015-08-31 CN CN201520666724.XU patent/CN204906239U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105864714A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-08-17 | 重庆和锐动力设备有限公司 | Direct-current low-voltage automatic relaying illuminating device for field construction |
| CN106160604A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2016-11-23 | 天津帅通科技发展有限公司 | A kind of arrangements for speed regulation of electromotor |
| CN107950452A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-04-24 | 珠海市华尔安科技有限公司 | A kind of plug-type anti-blocking moisture-proof circuit that feeds intake of self-timing |
| CN111487908A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-04 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | CAN bus based digital quantity closed-loop control device and control method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20151223 Termination date: 20160831 |