CN204859050U - High -power dc motor drive control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a high -power dc motor drive control device is including motor, optoelectronic coupler, relay, resistance, PLC singlechip and G20N60 switch etc. The speed governing and the circuit that is just reversing are installed on a PIC singlechip, the PLC singlechip links to each other with relay control circuit to the setting is used for the PWM of direct current motor speed governing to control the output, set up the AD conversion input port that can realize continuous speed governing operation controls needs, the motor speed governing is passed through optoelectronic coupler through the PWM ripples that the 10th foot of singlechip was exported to keep apart the realization of enlarged drive G20N60 switch with control signal, just reversing and controlling when the 7th foot of PLC singlechip connects the high potential, the electric current is gone into from motor " + " end, and motor corotation is exported to motor " - " end, when the 7th foot of singlechip connect the electronegative potential, the electric current was gone into from " - " end of motor, and " + " of motor holds out, the motor reversal. Its advantage is: the circuit is simple, and the low -speed performance is good, and the speed stabilizing precision is high, and the speed governing scope is wide, dynamic anti -interference ability reinforce, high system efficiency.

Description

A kind of high power direct-current motor driving control device

Technical field:

The utility model relates to electrical equipment automatic control equipment technical field, particularly relates to a kind of high power direct-current motor driving control device.

Background technology:

In the prior art, compared with alternating current motor, DC motor has that speed adjustable range is wide, good speed adjustment features, be easy to smooth adjustment, starting, and brake torque is comparatively large, is easy to quick startup, stops, is easy to the advantages such as control.Existing DC motor speed regulating controls to mainly contain following several method: 1, DC motor speed-regulating system adopts constant direct voltage to power to direct-current motor armature, realizes speed governing by the resistance changed in armature circuit; 2, adopt the control devices such as magnetic amplifier, rotary amplifier, thyratron, realize the speed governing of DC motor; 3, utilize mercury arc current transformer to replace above-mentioned generator, electric motor system, speed adjusting performance index is improved again; 4, the speed governing of direct current machine is realized with thyristor.But existing DC motor speed regulating all realizes by frequency modulation equipment, DC motor self cannot complete speed governing, and existing DC motor speed-regulating is separated with rotating drived control.Current DC motor positive and negative rotation controls mainly to use a kind of bridge circuit being called H.It is because its shape exactly likes alphabetical H that circuit is gained the name in " H-bridge drive circuit ".4 vertical legs of 4 switching tube composition H, and motor is exactly the whippletree in H, as shown in Figure 4.H bridge type motor-drive circuit comprises 4 switching tubes (Q) and a motor (M).Make motor rotation, the pair of switches pipe on necessary conducting diagonal.As electric current circulates from left to right as switch Q1 and switch Q4 conducting, motor rotates forward; Then as switch Q3 and switch Q2 conducting, electric current circulates from right to left, motor reversal; Realize the course changing control of motor therefrom.Its shortcoming is control device trouble, complicated operation.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of this utility model overcomes above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of controlling functions perfect, control that power is large, compact conformation, high power direct-current motor driving control device easy to operate, reliable and stable, with low cost.

The utility model solves the scheme that its technical problem adopts: provide a kind of high power direct-current motor driving control device, comprise by interconnective motor, photoelectrical coupler a, photoelectrical coupler b, photoelectrical coupler c, relay a, relay b, the power circuit of resistance a, resistance b, resistance c, resistance d, resistance e composition; It is characterized in that: also comprise PLC single-chip microcomputer and G20N60 switch; The core controller of this device adopts PIC single chip microcomputer; Speed governing and positive and negative rotation circuit are arranged in one piece of PIC single chip microcomputer; PLC single-chip microcomputer is connected with control relay circuit, and be provided with for DC motor speed-regulating PWM control output end, be provided with can realize continuous speed adjustment operation control need A/D conversion inputs mouth; PLC single-chip microcomputer comprises interconnective suspension column a, suspension column b, suspension column c, suspension column d, PWM control output end, suspension column K2, suspension column K1, ground connection suspension column, two grades of toggle switches, potentiometer R1, resistance R2, electric capacity C1; When the 7th pin of PLC single-chip microcomputer connects high potential, it is high potential that the 12nd pin of single-chip microcomputer exports K1, and the K2 of the 11st pin exports as electronegative potential; Now the normally opened contact of relay a closes, and the normally-closed contact of relay b is remained stationary state, now electric current from "+" of motor hold into, "-" end of motor exports, and now motor rotates forward; When the 7th pin of single-chip microcomputer connects electronegative potential, it is electronegative potential that the 12nd pin of single-chip microcomputer exports K1, and the K2 of the 11st pin exports as high potential; The now normally-closed contact adhesive of relay a, relay b often leaves adhesive, and now electric current holds "+" end into, motor to export from "-" of motor, now motor reversal; PWM control output end (10) for DC motor speed-regulating is that the PWM ripple exported by the 10th pin of PLC single-chip microcomputer is realized; When the partial pressure value of the K1 of potentiometer the 8th pin changes, PLC single-chip microcomputer collects this change by A/D conversion, as the parameter of control PWM output duty cycle, control signal isolation is amplified driving IGBT pipe G20N60 high-speed switch by photoelectrical coupler by the PWM ripple realizing DC motor speed-regulating control; The control end of IGBT pipe G20N60 is voltage control, and control G holds and the voltage difference of S end is greater than 6 volts at normal temperatures; S1 is two grades of toggle switches; The potentiometer R1 for controlling the analog voltage input signal that pulse-width modulation exports continuously is provided with in circuit; The reset circuit that C1 and R2 constitutes PLC single-chip microcomputer is set in circuit; 3 photoelectrical couplers playing the effect of isolation amplifying signal are arranged in power system circuit.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: by photoelectrical coupler, control signal isolation is amplified owing to adopting PWM ripple the speed regulating control driving IGBT pipe G20N60 high-speed switch to realize direct current machine.The utility model main circuit circuit is simple, need power device few; Switching frequency is high, and electric current is easily continuous, and harmonic wave is few, the loss of electric machine and heating all less; Low-speed performance is good, and steady speed precision is high, speed-regulating range width, can reach about 1:10000; If coordinate with the motor responded fast, then band system band is wide, and dynamic response is fast, and dynamic interference rejection ability is strong; Device for power switching works, and on off state, conduction loss is little, and when switching frequency is suitable, switching loss is also little, and thus unit efficiency is higher.Core of the present utility model realizes the speed governing of high power DC electric machine (mainly having brushless motor) and rotating controls, speed governing and rotating integrated design.The core controller of system adopts low price, and compact, special function are strong, the PIC single chip microcomputer of stable and reliable operation.This PLC single-chip microcomputer has pin and has anti-transient state ability, can be connected to 220V AC power by current-limiting resistance, can directly be connected with control relay circuit, even also can Direct driver peripheral circuit when not having photoelectrical coupler.PIC single chip microcomputer has the PWM DC motor speed-regulating control output end that native system needs, and has the A/D conversion inputs mouth realizing continuous speed adjustment operation and control to need.The design adopts PWM technology to carry out speed governing to direct current machine, compared with general DC speed regulation, has both decreased the pollution to power supply, and has made control procedure more simple and convenient, and decreased the use to human resources; Again because hardware control lines is few, power device only has a G20N60, make the maintenance, repair of system become more simple, but dynamic and static performance improve.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the power system circuit theory diagrams of a kind of high power direct-current motor driving control device of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is single-chip computer control system schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 3 is angle grinding machine application example schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 4 is prior art H bridge type circuit diagram.

In accompanying drawing: 1. motor; 2.G20N60 switch; 3A. photoelectrical coupler a; 3B. photoelectrical coupler b; 3C. photoelectrical coupler c; 4A. relay a; 4B. relay b; 5A. resistance a; 5B. resistance b; 5C. resistance c; 5D. resistance d; 5E. resistance e; 6. suspension column a; 7. suspension column b; 8. suspension column c; 9. suspension column d; 10.PWM controls to export; 11. suspension column K2; 12. suspension column K1; 13. ground connection suspension columns; 14. rotate forward button; 15. invert button; 16. stop buttons; 17. speed-regulating potentiometer R1; 18.PLC single-chip microcomputer; 19. power circuits; 20. bistriques; S1. two grades of toggle switches; R2. resistance f; C1. electric capacity.

Embodiment:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail: a kind of high power direct-current motor driving control device as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise by interconnective motor 1, photoelectrical coupler a, photoelectrical coupler b, photoelectrical coupler c, relay a, relay b, the power circuit of resistance a, resistance b, resistance c, resistance d, resistance e composition; It is characterized in that: also comprise PLC single-chip microcomputer and G20N60 switch; The core controller of this device adopts PIC single chip microcomputer; Speed governing and positive and negative rotation circuit; Wherein S1 is two grades of toggle switches, controls for motor positive and inverse; R1 speed-regulating potentiometer 17 is the analog voltage input signal that control pulse-width modulation exports continuously; C1 and R2 forms the reset circuit of PLC single-chip microcomputer; 12nd pin of PLC single-chip microcomputer and the 13rd pin are that motor positive and inverse controls to export; 10th pin is that PWM controls to export; The effect of 3 photoelectrical couplers has been all the effect of isolation amplifying signal, the control end of IGBT pipe G20N60 is voltage control, control G holds and the voltage difference of S end is greater than 6 volts at normal temperatures, but the leakage current at two ends almost can not be considered, so only connect the resistance in 13 Europe; The switching voltage of the present embodiment supply G20N60 is 12V; The running parameter of direct current machine can adjust in the scope being less than 600V40A according to the demand of motor; When the 7th pin of PLC single-chip microcomputer connects high potential, it is high potential that the 12nd pin of single-chip microcomputer exports K1, and the K2 of the 11st pin exports as electronegative potential; Now the normally opened contact of relay a closes, and the normally-closed contact of relay b is remained stationary state, now electric current from "+" of motor hold into, "-" end of motor exports, and now motor rotates forward; When the 7th pin of single-chip microcomputer connects electronegative potential, it is electronegative potential that the 12nd pin of single-chip microcomputer exports K1, and the K2 of the 11st pin exports as high potential; The now normally-closed contact adhesive of relay a, relay b often leaves adhesive, and now electric current holds "+" end into, motor to export from "-" of motor, now motor reversal; And the speed governing of DC motor is realized by the PWM ripple of the 10th pin output of single-chip microcomputer; When the partial pressure value of the K1 of potentiometer the 8th pin changes, single-chip microcomputer collects this change, as the parameter of control PWM output duty cycle by A/D conversion; Control signal isolation is amplified driving IGBT pipe G20N60 high-speed switch by photoelectrical coupler by PWM ripple, thus realizes the speed regulating control of direct current machine.The G20N60 switch that the present embodiment adopts is 40A, 600VUFS series N raceway groove insulated gate bipolar, antiparallel ultrahigh speed switching tube, high voltage MOS gated devices.The operating temperature range of this device is 25 DEG C of and150 DEG C, and the running parameter 25 DEG C time is 40A, 600V.Be angle grinding machine drive and control of electric machine schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment shown in Fig. 3, this control device comprises rotating forward button 14, invert button 15, stop button 16, R1 speed-regulating potentiometer 17, PLC single-chip microcomputer 18, power circuit 19, motor 1, bistrique 20; Loop of power circuit and control loop are integrated on a bar printing circuit, the circuit adopting Fig. 1, Fig. 2 schematic diagram to arrange, can forward and reverse this equipment motor, stop, the control of speed governing.Angle grinding machine speeds control is realized by speed-regulating potentiometer.Negotiation speed mates, and this angle grinding machine can configure multiple devil, when using roughing heads, controls motor low cruise; During with fine grinding head, control high speed operation of motor.This equipment can be widely used in household electrical appliance, electric tool, Medical Devices.Extraordinary effect is had for raising relevant device running quality.

Claims (1)

1. a high power direct-current motor driving control device, comprise by interconnective motor (1), photoelectrical coupler a (3A), photoelectrical coupler b (3B), photoelectrical coupler c (3C), the power circuit (19) that relay a (4A), relay b (4B), resistance a (5A), resistance b (5B), resistance c (5C), resistance d (5D), resistance e (5E) form; It is characterized in that: also comprise PLC single-chip microcomputer (18) and G20N60 switch (2); The core controller of this device adopts PIC single chip microcomputer; Speed governing and positive and negative rotation circuit are arranged in one piece of PIC single chip microcomputer; PLC single-chip microcomputer is connected with control relay circuit, and be provided with for DC motor speed-regulating PWM control output end (10), be provided with can realize continuous speed adjustment operation control need A/D conversion inputs mouth; PLC single-chip microcomputer comprises interconnective suspension column a (6), suspension column b (7), suspension column c (8), suspension column d (9), PWM control output end (10), suspension column K2 (11), suspension column K1 (12), ground connection suspension column (13), two grades of toggle switches (S1), potentiometer (R1), resistance f (R2), electric capacity (C1); When the 7th pin of PLC single-chip microcomputer connects high potential, it is high potential that the 12nd pin of single-chip microcomputer exports K1, and the K2 of the 11st pin exports as electronegative potential; Now the normally opened contact of relay a (4A) closes, and the normally-closed contact of relay b (4B) is remained stationary state, now electric current from "+" of motor hold into, "-" end of motor exports, and now motor rotates forward; When the 7th pin of single-chip microcomputer connects electronegative potential, it is electronegative potential that the 12nd pin of single-chip microcomputer exports K1, and the K2 of the 11st pin exports as high potential; The now normally-closed contact adhesive of relay a (4A), relay b (4B) often leaves adhesive, and now electric current holds "+" end into, motor to export from "-" of motor, now motor reversal; PWM control output end (10) for DC motor speed-regulating is that the PWM ripple exported by the 10th pin of PLC single-chip microcomputer is realized; When the partial pressure value of the K1 of potentiometer the 8th pin changes, PLC single-chip microcomputer collects this change by A/D conversion, as the parameter of control PWM output duty cycle, control signal isolation is amplified driving IGBT pipe G20N60 high-speed switch by photoelectrical coupler by the PWM ripple realizing DC motor speed-regulating control; The control end of IGBT pipe G20N60 is voltage control, and control G holds and the voltage difference of S end is greater than 6 volts at normal temperatures; S1 is two grades of toggle switches; The potentiometer R1 for controlling the analog voltage input signal that pulse-width modulation exports continuously is provided with in circuit; The reset circuit that C1 and R2 constitutes PLC single-chip microcomputer is set in circuit; 3 photoelectrical couplers playing the effect of isolation amplifying signal are arranged in power system circuit.