CN204705583U - A kind of double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device based on continuous wave - Google Patents
A kind of double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device based on continuous wave Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device based on continuous wave.The device that object is to provide can non-invasive mode in real time, the absorption coefficient μ of harmless acquisition melon and fruit pericarp and pulp
awith reduced scattering coefficient μ
s'.Technical scheme is: a kind of double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device based on continuous wave, comprises Hyperspectral imager, light-source system and sample conveying device; Wherein, Hyperspectral imager comprises the CCD camera, imaging spectrometer and the camera lens that connect successively, and camera lens is vertically arranged down; Light-source system comprises two light sources, respectively with the vertical incidence optical fiber of two light source couples, oblique incidence optical fiber and optical fiber fixed support, vertical incidence optical fiber, oblique incidence optical fiber are vertically fixed on optical fiber fixed support respectively by hold-down nut, and vertical incidence optical fiber is positioned at the front side of oblique incidence optical fiber, optical fiber fixed support is arranged along sample direction of motion, and in a certain angle with the axis of camera lens.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of biological organism optical characteristic-nondestructive pick-up unit, particularly relates to a kind of double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device based on continuous wave.
Background technology
Spectral analysis technique, especially visible and near-infrared band, the application in Analyzing The Quality of Agricultural Products field is very extensive, is mainly used in quality of agricultural product at present and detects, the pol of such as melon and fruit class, hardness and pathology etc.But the spectrum that conventional spectral analysis technology obtains is all light signals after light and biological tissue interact, absorption characteristic cannot be separated with scattering properties, and not there is the characteristic of finger-print, by Chemical Measurement and statistical method analysis modeling, this process of person can only be had for " camera bellows " when post analysis.In light source design and when arranging, also can only be contrasted by experience and later stage modeling effect, the loaded down with trivial details and poor reliability of process.This is mainly owing to lacking the relevant knowledge of understanding and the biological organism optical characteristic propagated in biological tissues light.Biological organism optical characteristic is quite deep in the research of medical domain, carries out medical diagnosis on disease one of important method becoming medical diagnosis by optical characteristics.But report is rarely had for the research of agricultural product optical characteristics.Therefore, to the detection of agricultural product optical characteristics, especially for the detection of the melon and fruit class optical characteristics of double-layered structure's structure, just seem particularly important.
The interaction of light and biological tissue mainly comprises and absorbing and scattering, and the optical property parameter corresponded is respectively absorption coefficient (μ
a), reduced scattering coefficient (μ
s').For agricultural product such as melon and fruit class, the interaction main manifestations of light and biological tissue goes out the characteristic of weak absorbing, strong scattering.Radiation transfer theory (RadiationTransfer Theory) can describe light propagation in biological tissues comparatively accurately, but this model is comparatively complicated, and variable is more, is not suitable for practical application.Diffusion approximation theory (Diffusion Approximation), as the simplification of radiation transfer theory, has been proved to be and has been widely used in the description of optical transport in biological tissue.Optical characteristics detection method based on diffusion approximation theory mainly contains time domain approach, frequency domain method, spatial discrimination method and integrating sphere method etc.Spatial discrimination method wherein based on continuous wave can realize broadband detection, is comparatively suitable for agricultural product optical characteristics and detects.
Publication number is that the invention of CN101581666A describes a kind of skin optical characterisitic parameter tester based on continuous wave, this invention probe used is by source light and many detection optical fiber close-packed arrays and be arranged on matrix, to improve the spatial resolution (submillimeter magnitude) of measurement.The method single can only detect the optical property parameter under a wavelength, and the optical property parameter that can not be used for layer tissue detects.Publication number a kind of agricultural product optical characteristics pick-up unit based on integrating sphere method that has been the disclosure of the invention of CN103940776A.This invention controls light source switching mechanism by control system and freely switches between multiple light source, by the spectroscopic data of integrating sphere and spectrometer collection farm product tissue, thus calculates optical characteristics.The method is comparatively traditional, and single can only record the optical property parameter under Single wavelength, and the optical property parameter that can not be used for layer tissue equally detects.Publication number is that the invention of CN102058393A provides a kind of skin optical characterisitic parameter measuring method based on spectral measurement and system, and the method method that data and Monte Carlo simulation combine by experiment is carried out data analysis and then simulated the optical property parameter of skin.Publication number is that CN101313847A provides a kind of apparatus and method of dermatosis tissue of human body being carried out to harmless optical parametric imaging.Diffusing, with absorption coefficient and the reduced scattering coefficient of the Converse solved skin tissue surface of Monte Carlo statistical method of this invention line array CCD detection oblique incidence light source.Above two inventions are all based on monte carlo method, and computational algorithm is loaded down with trivial details, and computing time is longer, cannot process in real time.Equally, above-mentioned two inventions are only applicable to monolayer organization's optical characteristics detection.
For melon and fruit agricultural products, mostly belong to double-decker tissue (pericarp, pulp), and usually there is larger difference in the optical characteristics of pericarp and pulp.Therefore be necessary to organize double-decker to measure its optical property parameter respectively.Kienle etc. are (see Kienle A, Deng .Noninvasive determination of the opticalproperties of two-layered turbid media.Applied optics, 1998,37 (4): 779-791.) go out the theoretical model detected for layer tissue optical property parameter based on diffusion approximation theory deduction, can be used for the Inversion Calculation of layer tissue optical property parameter.Cen etc. are (see Cen H, Deng .Quantification of the optical properties of two-layer turbid materials using ahyperspectral imaging-based spatially-resolved technique.Applied optics, 2009, 48 (29): 5612-5623.) carried out verifying and application to above-mentioned model, result shows, when known ground floor optical property parameter and thickness, the second layer optical property parameter precision that Inversion Calculation obtains is higher, and when Simultaneous Inversion calculating is carried out to Dual-layer optical characterisitic parameter, precision is poor, error is up to 23%.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is the deficiency overcoming above-mentioned background technology, a kind of double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device based on continuous wave is provided, the utility model combines high light spectrum image-forming technology, spatial-resolved diffuse reflectance technology, inclined reflection technology (Oblique reflectrometry) and finite element method, can non-invasive mode in real time, the absorption coefficient μ of harmless acquisition melon and fruit pericarp and pulp
awith reduced scattering coefficient μ
s'.
The utility model have employed following technical scheme:
Based on a double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device for continuous wave, it is characterized in that: comprise Hyperspectral imager, light-source system and sample conveying device; Wherein, Hyperspectral imager comprises the CCD camera, imaging spectrometer and the camera lens that connect successively, and camera lens is vertically arranged down; Light-source system comprises two light sources, respectively with the vertical incidence optical fiber of two light source couples, oblique incidence optical fiber and optical fiber fixed support, vertical incidence optical fiber, oblique incidence optical fiber are vertically fixed on optical fiber fixed support respectively by hold-down nut, and vertical incidence optical fiber is positioned at the front side of oblique incidence optical fiber, optical fiber fixed support is arranged along sample direction of motion, and in a certain angle with the axis of camera lens.
Described sample conveying device comprises motor, shaft coupling, linear slide rail and pallet; Motor is connected with the rotating shaft of linear slide rail by shaft coupling, and pallet is fixed on the slide block of linear slide rail.
In the hold-down nut of described oblique incidence optical fiber, the lower end of oblique incidence optical fiber is fixed on optical fiber fixed support by one of them hold-down nut, another nut to be arranged in the support bracket fastened deep-slotted chip breaker of optical fiber and to be fixed wtih the middle part of oblique incidence optical fiber, nut can slide thus regulate the angle of oblique incidence optical fiber and surface level in deep-slotted chip breaker, and this angular range is 15 °-75 °.
The angle of the axis of described optical fiber fixed support and camera lens is 4 ~ 8 °.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model provides a kind of double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device based on continuous wave, combine high light spectrum image-forming technology, spatial-resolved diffuse reflectance technology, inclined reflection technology and finite element method, can non-invasive mode in real time, harmless acquisition melon and fruit pericarp and pulp is at the absorption coefficient μ of broadband (400-1100nm)
awith reduced scattering coefficient μ
s'.Comparatively existing method have accuracy of detection high, cover wide waveband, advantage that standby sample is simple, harmless, simple to operate, and the optical characteristics that simultaneously can realize double-layered structure detects.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction figure of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 a-1,2a-2 are that master of the present utility model looks and side-looking structural representation.
Fig. 2 b is the enlarged diagram in A portion in Fig. 2 a-2.
Fig. 3 is overhaul flow chart of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is inversion algorithm process flow diagram of the present utility model.
In figure: 1, CCD camera, 2, imaging spectrometer, 3, camera lens, 4, a light source, 5, vertical incidence optical fiber, 6, No. two light sources, 7, oblique incidence optical fiber, 8, optical fiber fixed support, 9, hold-down nut, 10, sample, 11, pallet, 12, linear slide rail, 13, slide block, 14, shaft coupling, 15, motor, 8-1, deep-slotted chip breaker, 12-1, rotating shaft.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the utility model is described in further detail, but the utility model is not limited to following examples.
Double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property lossless detection method based on continuous wave described in the utility model, combines high light spectrum image-forming technology, spatial-resolved diffuse reflectance technology, inclined reflection technology and finite element method.Wherein high light spectrum image-forming technology is by the diffuse reflection high spectrum image of line sweep collecting sample, and this image is made up of two-dimensional array, contains spectral information and spatial information simultaneously; Spatial-resolved diffuse reflectance technology is then for carrying out the optical property parameter of Inversion Calculation biological tissue in the change of diverse location by diffuse reflection spectrum; The method light source used comprises vertical incidence light source and oblique incidence light source two parts, and wherein oblique incidence light source is for obtaining the optical characteristics information of ground floor tissue, and vertical incidence light source is then for obtaining the optical characteristics information of ground floor and second layer tissue; Finite Element Method is combined with inversion algorithm, forms reverse Finite Element Method, is drawn the optical property parameter of biological tissue by Inversion Calculation.
As shown in Figure 3, described method comprises following operative step:
(1) stop immediately below the displacement platform that computerizeds control conveying sample to light source, open oblique incidence light source, then Hyperspectral imager is by obtaining sample diffuse reflection high spectrum image along the line sweep of sample direction of motion, this image is made up of two-dimensional array, comprises spatial information and spectral information.The position of line sweep is by optical center and along sample direction of motion.Because oblique incidence light source is towards the oblique incidence of direction, optical center, the image gathered only comprises the optical characteristics information of sample ground floor;
(2) the diffuse reflection high spectrum image gathered in extraction step (1) obtains spatially resolved reflectance spectrum corresponding to different wave length, obtains ground floor tissue by the mean absorption coefficient μ of scanning area by reverse Finite Element Method Inversion Calculation
a1with reduced scattering coefficient μ
s1';
(3) keep sample position motionless, open vertical incidence light source, Hyperspectral imager is by the diffuse reflection high spectrum image of line sweep mode collecting sample, obtain two-dimensional array (spatial information and spectral information), this image comprises the optical characteristics information of ground floor and second layer tissue;
(4) the diffuse reflection high spectrum image gathered in extraction step (3) obtains spatially resolved reflectance spectrum corresponding to different wave length, obtains second layer tissue by the mean absorption coefficient μ of scanning area by reverse Finite Element Method Inversion Calculation
a2with reduced scattering coefficient μ
s2'.
Described step (2) comprises following content of operation further:
(2a) image that step (1) gathers is two-dimensional array, and wherein one dimension is spectral information, and another dimension is spatial information.Spatially resolved reflectance spectrum retains all spatial informations when extracting, and namely a wavelength extracts a spatially resolved reflectance spectrum, then the spatially resolved reflectance extracted is composed smoothing noise reduction;
(2b) as shown in Figure 4, inversion algorithm specifically comprises: Finite Element Method is carried out emulation based on initial optical characteristics parameter value to the transmission of oblique incidence light in monolayer organization and shown that corresponding spatially resolved reflectance is composed, the spatially resolved reflectance of this spectrum and Hyperspectral imager collection is composed and contrasts, calculate spectrum all positions ordinate squared difference and, and be optimized by nonlinear partial least square method and renewal iteration is carried out to initial optical characteristics parameter value, when two spectrum squared difference and stop when being less than threshold value (computational accuracy as required and speed are determined) of setting calculating, draw corresponding absorption coefficient μ
a1with reduced scattering coefficient μ
s1',
(2c) extract the spatially resolved reflectance spectrum that different wave length is corresponding successively, repeat step (2b), just can calculate the optical property parameter under all wavelengths.
Described step (4) comprises following content of operation further:
(4a) image that step (3) gathers is two-dimensional array, and wherein one dimension is spectral information, and another dimension is spatial information.Spatially resolved reflectance spectrum retains all spatial informations when extracting, and namely a wavelength extracts a spatially resolved reflectance spectrum, then the spatially resolved reflectance extracted is composed smoothing noise reduction;
(4b) as shown in Figure 4, inversion algorithm specifically comprises: Finite Element Method is carried out emulation based on initial optical characteristics parameter value to the transmission of vertical incidence light in double-layered structure and shown that corresponding spatially resolved reflectance is composed, the spatially resolved reflectance of this spectrum and Hyperspectral imager collection is composed and contrasts, calculate spectrum all positions ordinate squared difference and, and be optimized by nonlinear partial least square method and renewal iteration is carried out to initial optical characteristics parameter value, when two spectrum squared difference and stop when being less than threshold value (computational accuracy as required and speed are determined) of setting calculating, draw corresponding absorption coefficient μ
a2with reduced scattering coefficient μ
s2'.
Described finite element simulation, based on following governing equation and boundary condition:
Governing equation: D ▽
2Φ (r)-μ
aΦ (r)=S
Boundary condition:
Wherein D is coefficient of diffusion,
D＝1/(3(μ
a2+μ
s2’))
A is relevant with boundary internal reflection, calculates by following formula:
A＝(1+R)/(1-R)
R≈-1.4399n
-2+0.7099n
-1+0.6681+0.0636n
Wherein n is refractive index.
As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 2 b, a kind of double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property based on continuous wave described in the utility model, without damage device, comprising: Hyperspectral imager, light-source system and sample conveying device;
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 shown in a-1, Fig. 2 a-2, Hyperspectral imager: comprise CCD camera 1 (being connected with computing machine), imaging spectrometer 2 and camera lens 3 (vertically arranging) down; CCD camera 1 resolution is not less than 512*512 pixel, spectral coverage 200-1100nm; Imaging spectrometer 2 spectral coverage 400-1100nm, imaging spectrometer 2 tail end is connected with CCD camera 1; Camera lens 3 is zoom lens, focal range 11-110mm, and camera lens 3 is connected with imaging spectrometer 2 front end, and the distance that camera lens 3 front end is detected position to sample is 11-110mm, specifically determines according to detected object size, must ensure that line sweep region is dropped on sample; EO-1 hyperion systematic vertical is fixed in frame (not shown).
As shown in Fig. 2 a-1, Fig. 2 a-2, Fig. 2 b, light-source system: comprise two identical halogen tungsten lamp light sources (light source 4 and No. two light sources 6), vertical incidence optical fiber 5, oblique incidence optical fiber 7 and optical fiber fixed support 8; One of vertical incidence optical fiber 5 and oblique incidence optical fiber 7 is coupled with a light source 4 and No. two light sources 6 respectively, and other end is fixed on optical fiber fixed support 8 by hold-down nut 9, and wherein vertical incidence optical fiber 5 is vertically fixed, and oblique incidence optical fiber 7 is in tilted layout; Optical fiber fixed support 8 has three circular holes, a deep-slotted chip breaker 8-1, wherein two circular holes are used for fixed vertical incident optical 5, a remaining circular hole and deep-slotted chip breaker are used for constant tilt incident optical 7 (in the hold-down nut of oblique incidence optical fiber, the lower end of oblique incidence optical fiber is fixed by one of them hold-down nut, another nut to be arranged in deep-slotted chip breaker 8-1 and to be fixed wtih the middle part of oblique incidence optical fiber), nut can slide thus regulate the angle of oblique incidence optical fiber and surface level in deep-slotted chip breaker, and this angular range is 15 °-75 °; Optical fiber fixed support 8 arranges (namely optical fiber fixed support 8 is parallel with sample direction of motion) along sample 10 direction of motion, vertical incidence optical fiber 5 is front, oblique incidence optical fiber 7 is rear, namely first arrive in sample motion process immediately below vertical incidence optical fiber 5, arrive immediately below oblique incidence optical fiber 7 again, vertical incidence optical fiber 5 and oblique incidence optical fiber 7 head are close to, two incident optical heads and sample surface minimum distance are about 1mm, and the minimum distance of two incident optical edges and Hyperspectral imager line sweep position is about 1.5mm simultaneously; For the visual field avoiding light-source system to block Hyperspectral imager, the direction inclination at camera lens 3 center is departed from the upper end of optical fiber fixed support 8, makes the angle of the axis of optical fiber fixed support and camera lens be 4 ~ 8 ° (being usually about 5 °).
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 shown in a-1, Fig. 2 a-2, sample conveying device: comprise motor 15 (be connected with computing machine and controlled), shaft coupling 14, linear slide rail 12 and pallet 11; Motor 15 is connected with the rotating shaft 12-1 of linear slide rail 12 (rotating shaft is conventional screw mandrel, with linear slide block threaded engagement) by shaft coupling 14, and pallet 11 is fixed on the slide block 13 of linear slide rail 12.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4 by a concrete description of test course of work of the present utility model:
This experiment take navel orange as sample, and navel orange pericarp is thicker, is generally 3 ~ 5mm, is difficult to the optical property parameter simultaneously recording pulp and pericarp by harmless method.The utility model by preliminary experiment record with navel orange be detected object time oblique incidence optical fiber 7 angle of inclination (with the angle of vertical direction) be about 55 ° time comparatively suitable, so the angle of inclination of oblique incidence optical fiber 7 is set to 50 °; Two halogen tungsten lamp power elect 50W as, and incident light fibre core stem elects 200um as; Camera lens 3 focal length is set to 100mm, and camera lens 3 is 100mm with the minimum distance of sample 10.
Open system, treats system warm-up 5 minutes, and the slide block 13 that computing machine controls on motor 15 leading linear slide rail 12 moves, and stops when the peak of sample 10 navel orange arrives immediately below vertical incidence optical fiber 5; Open a light source 6, Hyperspectral imager is gathered by line sweep mode and obtains the diffuse reflection high spectrum image of navel orange under oblique incidence illumination is penetrated, scan rear closedown light source 6, this high spectrum image stores in a computer in the mode of two-dimensional array, wherein one dimension is spectral information, another dimension is spatial information, by program, data extraction is carried out to this two-dimensional array, retain all spatial informations, namely a wavelength extracts a spatially resolved reflectance spectrum, then the spatially resolved reflectance extracted is composed smoothing noise reduction; As shown in Figure 4, the space distribution diffuse reflection spectrum R obtained will be tested
e(λ) the diffuse reflection spectrum R obtained with limited emulation
m(λ) contrast, calculate spectrum all positions ordinate squared difference and, and be optimized by nonlinear partial least square method and renewal iteration is carried out to initial optical characteristics parameter value, when two spectrum squared difference and stop when being less than threshold value (computational accuracy as required and speed are determined) of setting calculating, under obtaining this wavelength, ground floor tissue is by the mean absorption coefficient μ of scanning area
a1with reduced scattering coefficient μ
s1', extract the spatially resolved reflectance spectrum that different wave length is corresponding successively, repeat above-mentioned steps, just can calculate ground floor tissue under all wavelengths by the optical property parameter of scanning area; Open No. two light sources 6, Hyperspectral imager gathers the diffuse reflection high spectrum image of navel orange under vertical incidence illumination is penetrated, and has scanned rear closedown No. two light sources 6, can obtain second layer tissue by the mean absorption coefficient μ of scanning area with same inversion algorithm
a2with reduced scattering coefficient μ
s2', so far, a navel orange pericarp and pulp are being detected complete by the optical property parameter of scanning area.
Finally, it should be noted that above what enumerate is only specific embodiment of the utility model.Obviously, the utility model is not limited to above embodiment, can also have a lot of distortion.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed in the utility model, all should think protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (4)
1., based on a double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device for continuous wave, it is characterized in that: comprise Hyperspectral imager, light-source system and sample conveying device; Wherein, Hyperspectral imager comprises the CCD camera (1), imaging spectrometer (2) and the camera lens (3) that connect successively, and camera lens is vertically arranged down; Light-source system comprises two light sources (4,6), respectively with the vertical incidence optical fiber (5) of two light source couples, oblique incidence optical fiber (7) and optical fiber fixed support (8), vertical incidence optical fiber, oblique incidence optical fiber are vertically fixed on optical fiber fixed support respectively by hold-down nut (9), and vertical incidence optical fiber is positioned at the front side of oblique incidence optical fiber, optical fiber fixed support is arranged along sample direction of motion, and in a certain angle with the axis of camera lens.
2. a kind of double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device based on continuous wave according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described sample conveying device comprises motor (15), shaft coupling (14), linear slide rail (12) and pallet (11); Motor is connected with the rotating shaft (12-1) of linear slide rail by shaft coupling, and pallet is fixed on the slide block (13) of linear slide rail.
3. a kind of double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device based on continuous wave according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in the hold-down nut of described oblique incidence optical fiber, the lower end of oblique incidence optical fiber is fixed on optical fiber fixed support by one of them hold-down nut, another nut to be arranged in the support bracket fastened deep-slotted chip breaker of optical fiber (8-1) and to be fixed wtih the middle part of oblique incidence optical fiber, nut can slide thus regulate the angle of oblique incidence optical fiber and surface level in deep-slotted chip breaker, and this angular range is 15 °-75 °.
4. a kind of double-deck melon and fruit tissue optical property the cannot-harm-detection device based on continuous wave according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the angle of the axis of described optical fiber fixed support and camera lens is 4 ~ 8 °.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104833638A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-08-12 | 浙江大学 | Double-layer melon-fruit tissue optical property nondestructive detection method based on continuous wave and double-layer melon-fruit tissue optical property nondestructive detection apparatus based on continuous wave |
| CN105334172A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-02-17 | 浙江科技学院 | Reconstruction method of optical property parameters of fruit pulp tissue |
| US11270245B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 | 2022-03-08 | Walmart Apollo, Llc | System and method for forecasting deliveries via blockchain smart contracts |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104833638A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-08-12 | 浙江大学 | Double-layer melon-fruit tissue optical property nondestructive detection method based on continuous wave and double-layer melon-fruit tissue optical property nondestructive detection apparatus based on continuous wave |
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