A kind of polyester elastomer/PET composite elastic fiber
Technical field
The utility model belongs to weaving polyester complex fiber technical field, is specifically related to a kind of polyester elastomer/PET composite elastic fiber.
Background technology
Current spandex, as the hat of elastomer, has been widely used in hosiery, swimsuit, interior nightwear, sportswear, fashionable dress coat and health care product aspect.But elastic spandex fiber production equipment and process is complicated, raw material and processing cost high, expensive, there are " three wastes " to pollute, can not chlorine drift, dyeing difficult, high temperature problems such as fiber easily fuses, cloth there will be " showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally " and " foaming " phenomenon when stretching, elasticity surplus, comfortableness are poor when arranging when simultaneously fiber exists dyeing and finishing.
In order to solve this series of problems that spandex fibre exists, in recent years, market occurs with bi-component polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) and T400 be the composite elastic fiber of representative.These two kinds of fibers are all obtained by polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and PTT composite spinning.Wherein bicomponet PTT is the product of Shell Co. Ltd's exploitation, and the elastomer of T400 Shi Ying Radar Audio Company exploitation, due to PTT expensive raw material price, cause these two kinds of composite fibre prices all very high.
In addition, also some two component composite elastic fibers are reported in document, a kind of PET composite elastic fiber and preparation method thereof disclosed in CN104141178, the method is the two kinds of PET sections utilizing different viscosities, by after melting compound spray silk through quenching, oil, reel, draw and make as-spun fibre, as-spun fibre obtains finished product long filament through overbalance, stretching, sizing again.Because the method adopts two kinds of PET of different viscosities to be the poor flexibility of composite spinning raw material, its gained composite fibre, crimp elasticity only 55 ~ 70%, fracture strength is low, is less than 2cN/dtex.
And for example a kind of parallel composite elastic fiber and manufacture method thereof disclosed in CN101851812, the method be by polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polyethylene terephthalate with 70: 30 ~ 30: 70 weight ratio carry out composite spinning arranged side by side after obtained pre-oriented yarn (being called for short POY), POY silk is again through the obtained parallel composite finished fiber of false twisting processing (being called for short DTY), and this fiber only has low elasticity.
For another example CN103882538 discloses a kind of new elastic fiber and preparation method thereof, the raw material that the method adopts is PTT, PET, ECDP (normal pressure cation dyeable polyester) and different viscosities PET, what technique adopted is fullly drawn yarn (FDY) (FDY) technique, it not only needs the composite elastic fiber by just can be prepared into finished product after the tensile fiber be spun into through 95 ~ 100 DEG C of boiling water treating 15 ~ 20min, and the crimpness of fiber is only 43 ~ 55%, elasticity wretched insufficiency.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is the deficiency existed for prior art, provides a kind of polyester elastomer/PET composite elastic fiber.
The polyester elastomer that the utility model provides/PET composite elastic fiber, it is characterized in that this composite elastic fiber is obtained through composite spinning by polyester elastomer and PET, the shape of its cross section is symmetrical or asymmetrical peanut shape, a part is polyester elastomer component, another part is PET component, and its fracture strength is 2.8 ~ 3.56cN/dtex, elongation at break is 16.9 ~ 30.4%, crimpness is 60 ~ 75%, crimp elasticity is 97 ~ 99%, and capillary water absorption height is 9.7 ~ 14.1cm/30min.
The intrinsic viscosity of the polyester elastomer component in above-mentioned composite elastic fiber is 0.9 ~ 1.5dl/g.
Polyester elastomer component in above-mentioned composite elastic fiber is prepared by the following method:
First by terephthalic acid (TPA), 1,4-butanediol, both-end hydroxy polyethers, under catalyst action, in 200 ~ 245 DEG C of decompression direct esterifications 1.5 ~ 5 hours, then at 250 ~ 265 DEG C, below vacuum 100pa melt polycondensation 2 ~ 5 hours, through Cast Strip pelletizing, wherein BDO: both-end hydroxy polyethers: the mole ratio of terephthalic acid (TPA) is 0.9 ~ 1.4:0.1 ~ 0.4:1.
Both-end hydroxy polyethers used in above method is at least one in polyoxyethylene glycol, both-end hydroxyl polyethenoxy ether and both-end hydroxyl polytetramethylene ether, and its number-average molecular weight is 250 ~ 2320.
Catalyst used in above method is titanium potassium oxalate or butyl titanate, and its addition is routine dose, and this is that those skilled in the art is known.
Decompression esterification vacuum used in above method is-10 ~-40Kpa.
Reduce pressure in above method preferably 2.5 ~ 3.5 hours direct esterification time, melt polycondensation preferably 3 ~ 4 hours.
Composite spinning described in above-mentioned composite elastic fiber is the spin-drawing winding one-step technology adopted, its processing step is followed successively by: pre-crystallized, dry, twin-screw melting, compound extruded, twice stretch, oil agent and winding, detailed process is: polyester elastomer section step (1) obtained and PET cut into slices pre-crystallized through pre-crystallized tower successively respectively, after drying tower drying, melt is melt extruded with double screw extruder, two kinds of melts enter composite spining module simultaneously and are extruded by parallel type composite spinneret wherein, lateral blowing and spinning shaft cooling, then through the first heat-stretching roller, second heat-stretching roller, 3rd heat-stretching roller carries out twice stretching and HEAT SETTING, again through oiling roller oil agent, finally can obtain polyester elastomer/PET composite elastic fiber by up-coiler high-speed winding.
Compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is as follows for the utility model:
1, the elastomer provided due to the utility model is composited by containing unique polyester elastomer component and PET component, thus the performance that this fiber is more excellent is imparted, it not only has more excellent elasticity (crimp elasticity is up to 97 ~ 99%) than common composite elastic fiber of the prior art, more soft feel, its fabric wicking ability meets or exceeds COTTON FABRIC, make wearing comfort better, fibrous fracture intensity is high, more durable in use than COTTON FABRIC again, and can match in excellence or beauty with the elasticity of spandex fibre, there is no again the series of problems of existing spandex fibre performance, simultaneously also more excellent than the performance of existing composite elastic fiber, it is a kind of alternative outstanding kind newly in elastomer field.
2, because polyester elastomer contained in the utility model have employed one first to reduce pressure direct esterification, the new technology of melt polycondensation again, it is not only polymerized obtained a kind of new polyester elastomer, and greatly reduce preparation raw materials used in 1, the ratio of 4-butanediol and both-end hydroxy polyethers total mole number and the molal quantity of terephthalic acid (TPA), thus raw material is saved, reduce cost, decrease the esterification side reaction in course of reaction, shorten esterification time simultaneously, ensure that the excellent resilience that the success rate of prepared polyester elastomer also obtains for this composite elastic fiber provides strong support.
3, the polyester elastomer/PET composite elastic fiber provided due to the utility model can be reprocessed into network yarn, just directly can meet follow-up woven use, thus facilitates the application that producer is weaved in downstream.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the utility model adopts spin-drawing winding one-step method to prepare polyester elastomer/PET composite elastic fiber schematic flow sheet;
Fig. 2 is the schematic shapes of the monofilament cross section of polyester elastomer/PET composite elastic fiber prepared by the utility model.
Wherein: 1 is PET section; 2 to cut into slices pre-crystallized tower for PET; 3 is PET slicer drying tower; 4 is PET twin-screw melt extruder; 5 is polyester elastomer section; 6 is the pre-crystallized tower of polyester elastomer; 7 is polyester elastomer drying tower; 8 is polyester elastomer twin-screw melt extruder; 9 is composite spining module; 10 is lateral blowing; 11 is spinning shaft; 12 is the first heat-stretching roller; 13 is the second heat-stretching roller; 14 is the 3rd heat-stretching roller; 15 is oiling roller; 16 is take up roll; 17 is polyester elastomer/PET composite elastic fiber; 18 is polyester elastomer component; 19 is PET component.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by drawings and Examples, the utility model is specifically described; what be necessary to herein means out is that following examples are only for the utility model is described in further detail; the restriction to the utility model protection domain can not be interpreted as; the person skilled in the art in this field makes some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to above-mentioned the utility model content to the utility model, still belongs to the utility model protection domain.
In addition, what deserves to be explained is, 1) molecular weight of following examples both-end hydroxy polyethers used is number-average molecular weight; 2) fracture strength of the composite elastic fiber prepared by following examples and elongation at break are tested with reference to standard GB/T/T 14460-2008, crimpness and crimp elasticity are tested with reference to standard GB/T/T 14338-2008, and fabric capillary water absorption height is tested with reference to national standard FZ/T 01071-2008.
Embodiment 1
(1) first by 80kg terephthalic acid (TPA), 39kg 1, 4-butanediol, 80kg molecular weight be 1080 both-end hydroxyl polyethenoxy ether and 40kg molecular weight be 500 both-end hydroxyl polytetramethylene ether add reactor and stir, then 0.1kg titanium potassium oxalate is added,-10Kpa direct esterification is decompressed to 1.5 hours in 220 DEG C, then 265 DEG C are warming up to, melt polycondensation 3 hours under decompression step by step to 60pa, the polyester elastomer section that intrinsic viscosity is 0.9dl/g is obtained through Cast Strip pelletizing, wherein 1, 4-butanediol: both-end hydroxy polyethers: the mole ratio of terephthalic acid (TPA) is 0.9:0.32:1,
(2) 50:50 in mass ratio that the section of gained polyester elastomer and PET cut into slices is prepared with the processing step shown in Fig. 1:
By PET section 1 and polyester elastomer section 5 respectively in pre-crystallized tower 2,6 in 125 DEG C pre-crystallized 1 hour, 70 DEG C pre-crystallized 1 hour, then respectively in drying tower 3,7 in 120 DEG C of dryings 8 hours, 120 DEG C of dryings 8 hours, put into respective double screw extruder 4,8 more respectively to melt extrude, the melt temperature of PET is 275 DEG C, and the melt temperature of polyester elastomer is 200 DEG C; The PET melt extruded and polyester elastomer melt enter composite spining module 9 compound simultaneously and spin melt stream, and wherein spinnerets adopts parallel type composite spinneret, and the spun melt stream of compound is successively through lateral blowing 10, and spinning shaft 11 continues cooling; Cooled fiber stretches together with carrying out with the second heat-stretching roller 13 through the first heat-stretching roller 12, then carry out second stretching at the 3rd heat-stretching roller 14, being reeled by up-coiler 16 after oiling finally by oiling roller 15 obtains polyester elastomer/PET composite elastic fiber 17.The individual filament cross section shape of this composite elastic fiber is symmetrical or asymmetrical peanut shape, and a part is polyester elastomer component 18, and another part is PET component 19, shown in institute Fig. 2.The temperature of the present embodiment first heat-stretching roller 12 is 70 DEG C, and speed is 500m/min, and the temperature of the second heat-stretching roller 13 is 100 DEG C, speed is 2000m/min, the temperature of the 3rd heat-stretching roller 14 is 100 DEG C, and speed is 2000m/min, and the speed of up-coiler 16 is 2000m/min.
Gained composite elastic fiber specification is 83dtex/48f, and fracture strength is 2.8cN/dtex, and elongation at break is 30.4%, and fibrous crimpness is 75%, and fiber crimp spring rate is 98%, and fabric capillary water absorption height is 14.1cm/30min.
Embodiment 2
(1) first by 80kg terephthalic acid (TPA), 40kg 1, 4-butanediol, 50kg molecular weight be 1280 polyoxyethylene glycol and 80kg molecular weight be 600 both-end hydroxyl polytetramethylene ether add reactor and stir, then 0.1kg titanium potassium oxalate is added,-20Kpa direct esterification is decompressed to 5 hours in 200 DEG C, then 265 DEG C are warming up to, melt polycondensation 2 hours under decompression step by step to 40pa, the polyester elastomer section that intrinsic viscosity is 1.50dl/g is obtained through Cast Strip pelletizing, wherein 1, 4-butanediol: both-end hydroxy polyethers: the mole ratio of terephthalic acid (TPA) is 0.922:0.358:1,
(2) 40:60 in mass ratio that the section of gained polyester elastomer and PET cut into slices also is prepared with the processing step shown in Fig. 1, and because the present embodiment is except following process conditions are different, all the other are with embodiment 1:
PET section is 280 DEG C in 125 DEG C of pre-crystallized 2 hours, 150 DEG C dryings 7 hours, melt temperature, and polyester elastomer section is pre-crystallized 2 hours at 80 DEG C, 100 DEG C of dryings 14 hours, and melt temperature is 250 DEG C; The temperature of the first heat-stretching roller 12 is 125 DEG C, and speed is 1300m/min, and the temperature of the second heat-stretching roller 13 is 140 DEG C, and speed is 3300m/min, and the temperature of the 3rd heat-stretching roller 14 is 140 DEG C, and speed is 3680m/min, and the speed of up-coiler 16 is 3650m/min.
Gained composite elastic fiber specification is 83dtex/48f, and fracture strength is 3.05cN/dtex, and elongation at break is 28.4%, and fibrous crimpness is 73%, and fiber crimp spring rate is 96%, and fabric capillary water absorption height is 11.8cm/30min.
Embodiment 3
(1) first by 100kg terephthalic acid (TPA), 60kg 1, 4-butanediol, 10kg molecular weight be 250 both-end hydroxyl polyethenoxy ether and 80kg molecular weight be 400 polyoxyethylene glycol add reactor and stir, then 0.1kg butyl titanate is added,-20Kpa direct esterification is decompressed to 2 hours in 215 DEG C, then 260 DEG C are warming up to, melt polycondensation 4 hours under decompression step by step to 60pa, the polyester elastomer section that intrinsic viscosity is 1.18dl/g is obtained through Cast Strip pelletizing, wherein 1, 4-butanediol: both-end hydroxy polyethers: the mole ratio of terephthalic acid (TPA) is 1.006:0.399:1,
(2) 30:70 in mass ratio that the section of gained polyester elastomer and PET cut into slices also is prepared with the processing step shown in Fig. 1, and because the present embodiment is except following process conditions are different, all the other are with embodiment 1:
PET section is 290 DEG C in 125 DEG C of pre-crystallized 1.5 hours, 155 DEG C dryings 6 hours, melt temperature, and polyester elastomer section is 260 DEG C in 80 DEG C of pre-crystallized 1.5 hours, 130 DEG C dryings 6 hours, melt temperature; The temperature of the first heat-stretching roller 12 is 130 DEG C, and speed is 1400m/min, and the temperature of the second heat-stretching roller 13 is 145 DEG C, and speed is 3300m/min, and the temperature of the 3rd heat-stretching roller 14 is 145 DEG C, and speed is 3680m/min, and the speed of up-coiler 16 is 3650m/min.
Gained composite elastic fiber specification is 83dtex/48f, and fracture strength is 3.36cN/dtex, and elongation at break is 18.3%, and fibrous crimpness is 70%, and fiber crimp spring rate is 95%, and fabric capillary water absorption height is 10.8cm/30min.
Embodiment 4
(1) first by 120kg terephthalic acid (TPA), 70kg 1,4-butanediol and 90kg molecular weight be 380 both-end hydroxyl polytetramethylene ether add reactor and stir, then 0.1kg titanium potassium oxalate is added,-20Kpa direct esterification is decompressed to 2.5 hours in 220 DEG C, then 265 DEG C are warming up to, melt polycondensation 3.5 hours under decompression step by step to 60pa, the polyester elastomer section that intrinsic viscosity is 1.21dl/g is obtained through Cast Strip pelletizing, wherein BDO: both-end hydroxy polyethers: the mole ratio of terephthalic acid (TPA) is 1.075:0.327:1;
(2) 70:30 in mass ratio that the section of gained polyester elastomer and PET cut into slices also is prepared with the processing step shown in Fig. 1, and because the present embodiment is except following process conditions are different, all the other are with embodiment 1:
PET section is 290 DEG C in 125 DEG C of pre-crystallized 1 hour, 160 DEG C dryings 6 hours, melt temperature, and polyester elastomer section is 258 DEG C in 100 DEG C of pre-crystallized 1 hour, 130 DEG C dryings 7 hours, melt temperature; The temperature of the first heat-stretching roller 12 is 130 DEG C, and speed is 2000m/min, and the temperature of the second heat-stretching roller 13 is 150 DEG C, and speed is 4000m/min, and the temperature of the 3rd heat-stretching roller 14 is 145 DEG C, and speed is 4000m/min, and the speed of up-coiler 16 is 4000m/min.
Gained composite elastic fiber specification is 83dtex/48f, and fracture strength is 2.96cN/dtex, and elongation at break is 21.3%, and fibrous crimpness is 75%, and fiber crimp spring rate is 99%, and fabric capillary water absorption height is 11.8cm/30min.
Embodiment 5
(1) first by 100kg terephthalic acid (TPA), 70kg 1,4-butanediol and 140kg molecular weight be 2320 both-end hydroxyl polyethenoxy ether add reactor and stir, then 0.1kg butyl titanate is added,-30Kpa direct esterification is decompressed to 3.5 hours in 220 DEG C, then 255 DEG C are warming up to, melt polycondensation 4.5 hours under decompression step by step to 60pa, the polyester elastomer section that intrinsic viscosity is 1.31dl/g is obtained through Cast Strip pelletizing, wherein BDO: both-end hydroxy polyethers: the mole ratio of terephthalic acid (TPA) is 1.291:0.100:1;
(2) 80:20 in mass ratio that the section of gained polyester elastomer and PET cut into slices also is prepared with the processing step shown in Fig. 1, and because the present embodiment is except following process conditions are different, all the other are with embodiment 1:
PET section is 290 DEG C in 125 DEG C of pre-crystallized 1 hour, 160 DEG C dryings 6 hours, melt temperature, and polyester elastomer section is 260 DEG C in 90 DEG C of pre-crystallized 1 hour, 130 DEG C dryings 7 hours, melt temperature; The temperature of the first heat-stretching roller 12 is 130 DEG C, and speed is 1000m/min, and the temperature of the second heat-stretching roller 13 is 145 DEG C, and speed is 2800m/min, and the temperature of the 3rd heat-stretching roller 14 is 140 DEG C, and speed is 3180m/min, and the speed of up-coiler 16 is 3150m/min.
Gained composite elastic fiber specification is 83dtex/48f, and fracture strength is 2.66cN/dtex, and elongation at break is 28.9%, and fibrous crimpness is 75%, and fiber crimp spring rate is 99%, and fabric capillary water absorption height is 12.7cm/30min.
Embodiment 6
(1) first by 88kg terephthalic acid (TPA), 66.8kg 1,4-butanediol and 130kg molecular weight be 1300 polyoxyethylene glycol add reactor and stir, then 0.1kg titanium potassium oxalate is added,-40Kpa direct esterification is decompressed to 3 hours in 245 DEG C, then 250 DEG C are warming up to, melt polycondensation 5 hours under decompression step by step to 60pa, the polyester elastomer section that intrinsic viscosity is 1.31dl/g is obtained through Cast Strip pelletizing, wherein BDO: both-end hydroxy polyethers: the mole ratio of terephthalic acid (TPA) is 1.400:0.189:1;
(2) 20:80 in mass ratio that the section of gained polyester elastomer and PET cut into slices also is prepared with the processing step shown in Fig. 1, and because the present embodiment is except following process conditions are different, all the other are with embodiment 1:
PET section is 288 DEG C in 125 DEG C of pre-crystallized 1 hour, 160 DEG C dryings 4 hours, melt temperature, and polyester elastomer section is 260 DEG C in 90 DEG C of pre-crystallized 1 hour, 140 DEG C dryings 10 hours, melt temperature; The temperature of the first heat-stretching roller 12 is 140 DEG C, and speed is 1450m/min, and the temperature of the second heat-stretching roller 13 is 145 DEG C, and speed is 3200m/min, and the temperature of the 3rd heat-stretching roller 14 is 150 DEG C, and speed is 3680m/min, and the speed of up-coiler 16 is 3650m/min.
Gained composite elastic fiber specification is 83dtex/48f, and fracture strength is 3.56cN/dtex, and elongation at break is 16.9%, and fibrous crimpness is 60%, and fiber crimp spring rate is 97%, and fabric capillary water absorption height is 9.7cm/30min.