Background technology
The oily sludge that at the bottom of the tank that what oily sludge was mainly derived from that Oil extraction produces land produces in oily sludge, oil field gathering and transportation process, oily sludge and sewage from oil refinery treatment plant produce.The oily sludge that lands does not enter gathering line in oil recovery production process and the oil being scattered in ground, oil producing region or the oil leaked out from oil pipeline, mix with ground gravel, silt, weeds etc., in oil production process, well-flushing, do row out of trade, well head is trickled down, accidental discharge etc. can produce a large amount of ground sludges.Tank bottom oil sludge is the oily sludge settling to cleaning out at the bottom of tank after oil, the defeated structures cleaning of gas, water collection, mainly comprises oil spilling that the throw out that produces bottom structures and production accident produce or normal sump oil deposition etc.
The moiety of oily sludge is extremely complicated, it is a kind of extremely stable suspension emulsion system, containing a large amount of aged crude oil, wax, bituminous matter, colloid, suspended solid, bacterium, salt, sour gas, corrosion product etc., also comprise the water conditioner such as a large amount of flocculation agent, inhibiter, Scale inhibitors, sterilant added in production process.In oily sludge, general oil length is 10 ~ 50%, water ratio is 40 ~ 90%, in China's oil chemical industries, produce 800,000 t tank bed muds, pond bed mud every year on average, Shengli Oil Field produces oily sludge every year more than 100,000 tons, Dagang Oilfield produces oily sludge about 150,000 tons every year, and Henan Oil Field produces 50,000 tons of oily sludges every year.Containing a large amount of cacodorous toxic substances such as benzene homologues, phenols, anthracene, pyrene in oily sludge, if oily sludge is not processed, not only contaminate environment, and the waste causing resource.
The several method of current process oily sludge mainly comprises biological compost, incineration technology, solidification, destructive distillation, modified-mechanical dehydration etc.Biological compost technology: long processing period, cannot process high oily sludge, and the composition effects such as process naphthenic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic are poor.Incineration technology: cannot directly burn, needs preposition desiccation apparatus, and manipulation difficulty is comparatively large, and very easily produce a large amount of dioxin, cost of disposal is high.Greasy filth curing technology: solidifying oil sludge is stacked and taken a large amount of land area, with geographical constraints larger.Direct destructive distillation: consume energy too high, disposal costs is large.Modified-mechanical dehydration: mechanical dehydration device easily blocks, maintenance rate is high, and dehydrated sludge cake need transport outward disposal, and follow-up disposal costs is high.But all there is disposal and thoroughly, easily not producing the problem such as secondary pollution, cost of disposal height in these methods of disposal, can not fundamentally solve oily sludge disposal difficulties.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of system utilized for oily sludge Deep, with pollution administration, reclaims precious resources, realizes resource circulation utilization.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is:
For the system that oily sludge Deep utilizes, be made up of modified tank, mixed solution centrifuge separator, vacuum hydroextractor, condenser, worm conveyor, gas retort, water cooler and carbonizing gas refining plant; Modified tank divides the modified tank of ground sludge and two kinds, the modified tank of non-ground sludge, agitator and heating device are housed in modified tank, also vibrator is housed in the modified tank of ground sludge, greasy filth opening for feed is offered at the top of modified tank, oil-water mixture liquid outlet is offered on top, bottom offer greasy filth outlet; The oil-water mixture liquid outlet on modified tank top is connected to the top entry of mixed solution centrifuge separator, and the upper outlet of mixed solution centrifuge separator is connected to oil content hold-up vessel, and the lower part outlet of mixed solution centrifuge separator is connected to moisture hold-up vessel; The greasy filth outlet of modified tank bottom is connected to vacuum hydroextractor by spiral pump, and the pneumatic outlet on vacuum hydroextractor top is connected to condenser, and the greasy filth outlet of vacuum hydroextractor bottom is connected to gas retort by worm conveyor; The liquid-phase outlet of condenser is connected to mixed solution centrifuge separator, and the gaseous phase outlet on condenser top is connected to the combustion chamber of gas retort; The carbonizing gas outlet on gas retort top is connected to carbonizing gas refining plant, de-dusting cycle waterpipe and desulphurization circulating waterpipe are housed in carbonizing gas refining plant, the outlet of carbonizing gas refining plant is connected to the combustion chamber of gas retort again, the exhanst gas outlet on gas retort top is connected to desulfurizing dust-collector, and the carbonization sludge outlet of gas retort bottom is connected to water cooler.
Described heating device is steam tracing device, and vibrator is vertical vibrator, and water cooler is inclined double pipe cooler.
The exhanst gas outlet on described gas retort top is connected to desulfurizing dust-collector by waste heat boiler, and the steam port of waste heat boiler receives heating device.
Adopt after such scheme, first the utility model is carried out modified (and smash shake) oily sludge by modified tank, makes the oil-water-mud three phase separation in greasy filth; Modified greasy filth is after modified tank removes part oil content and moisture, and through spiral pump Cemented filling in vacuum hydroextractor, dependence thermal oil is thermal source, moisture remaining in greasy filth and part oil content is dried under vacuum; The gas dried in vacuum hydroextractor out obtains oil-water mixture after condensation is reclaimed, and mixed solution is separated into oil content and moisture through water-and-oil separator; In vacuum hydroextractor, remaining dewatered sludge is delivered in kiln formula retorting machine, after high temperature pyrolysis charing, make charcoal; Dewatered sludge at the carbonizing gas produced in pyrolytic process in retorting machine, directly can be sent into retorting machine combustion chamber and burn, for retorting machine provides part of fuel after purification; The oil content reclaimed in whole technique all can send into retorting machine combustion chamber as fuel combustion, and moisture can be used as water source needed for modified still and carries out reuse.
The utility model technique is by chemical conditioning-vacuum hydro-extraction-destructive distillation, disposable greasy filth can be made the charcoal, oil content and the moisture that can be used for improveing soil, mummification operation divides two portions: (or smash shake standing) oil-water separation mixed solution one for leaving standstill after chemical conditioning, and two dewater for vacuum high-temperature; Afterwards the greasy filth after dehydration is delivered to retorting machine and carry out destructive distillation, make charcoal, for soil improvement or water body purification.The utility model stops the generation of dioxin, realizes recycling greasy filth, can thoroughly be turned waste into wealth by greasy filth, and without any secondary pollution, reduce greasy filth cost of disposal, Utilization prospects is wide.
The utility model greatly improves dehydration rate and the oil recovery rate of oily sludge, thoroughly achieves the recycling of oily sludge.This technology is applicable to process various oily sludge, and running cost is low, has good economic benefit.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be application example schema of the present utility model.
The system that the utility model adopts, is made up of modified tank, mixed solution centrifuge separator 6, vacuum hydroextractor 4, condenser 5, worm conveyor 9, gas retort 10, water cooler 11 and carbonizing gas refining plant 12.
Modified tank is divided into the modified tank of ground sludge 2 and 3 two kinds, the modified tank of non-ground sludge.In the modified tank of ground sludge 2 and the modified tank 3 of non-ground sludge, agitator 13 is all housed and heating device 17(specifically can adopt steam tracing device), coordinate shown in Fig. 2, in the modified tank of ground sludge 2, vibrator 14(is also housed and specifically can adopts vertical vibrator).Greasy filth opening for feed 16 is all offered at the top of the modified tank of ground sludge 2 and the modified tank 3 of non-ground sludge, oil-water mixture liquid outlet 15 is all offered on the top of the modified tank of ground sludge 2 and the modified tank 3 of non-ground sludge, and greasy filth outlet 18 is all offered in the bottom of the modified tank of ground sludge 2 and the modified tank 3 of non-ground sludge.
The modified tank of ground sludge 2 is connected to the top entry of mixed solution centrifuge separator 6 together with the oil-water mixture liquid outlet 15 on non-ground sludge modified tank 3 top, the upper outlet of mixed solution centrifuge separator 6 is connected to oil content hold-up vessel 7, and the lower part outlet of mixed solution centrifuge separator 6 is connected to moisture hold-up vessel 8.
The greasy filth outlet 18 of the modified tank of ground sludge 2 and non-ground sludge modified tank 3 bottom is connected to vacuum hydroextractor 4 by spiral pump 19, the pneumatic outlet on vacuum hydroextractor 4 top is connected to condenser 5, and the greasy filth outlet of vacuum hydroextractor 4 bottom is connected to gas retort 10 by worm conveyor 9.
The liquid-phase outlet of condenser 5 bottom is connected to mixed solution centrifuge separator 6, and the gaseous phase outlet on condenser 5 top is connected to the combustion chamber of gas retort 10.
The carbonizing gas outlet on gas retort 10 top is connected to carbonizing gas refining plant 12, and de-dusting cycle waterpipe and desulphurization circulating waterpipe are housed in carbonizing gas refining plant 12, and the outlet of carbonizing gas refining plant 12 is connected to the combustion chamber of gas retort 10 again.The exhanst gas outlet on gas retort 10 top is connected to desulfurizing dust-collector 20, the outlet of desulfurizing dust-collector 20 connects air (discharge), in order to make full use of data, the utility model can increase waste heat boiler 21 between the exhanst gas outlet and desulfurizing dust-collector 20 on gas retort 10 top, and the steam port of waste heat boiler 21 receives heating device 17 again.The carbonization sludge outlet of gas retort 10 bottom is connected to water cooler 11(and specifically can adopts inclined double pipe cooler).
The equipment component parameter that the utility model application example uses is as follows:
(1) the modified tank 2 of ground sludge
Volume is 15m
3, tracing steam temperature is 180 DEG C, and in tank, temperature of charge remains on 65 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C.
(2) vacuum hydroextractor 4
Volume is 8m
3, often criticize and can process oily sludge 5 m
3; Working pressure (gauge pressure) is-0.098MPa; Heating material temperature is 160 DEG C.
(3) kiln formula gas retort 10
Total heat duties: 300,000 Kcal/h, pyrolysis temperature is 750 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C.
Processing step of the present utility model is:
The first step, delivers to production area in by oily sludge from stockyard by mud spiral pump, sends into the modified tank of ground sludge 2 and the modified tank 3 of non-ground sludge, improved the mobility of oily sludge, reduce its viscosity by heating device 17 by greasy filth opening for feed 16.During actually operating, tank sludge temperature remains within the scope of 50 DEG C ~ 75 DEG C, to ensure that greasy filth has best refining temperature and best mobility in modified process.
Need to detect to different batches greasy filth component, and be determined by experiment the proportioning of adjusting material.The component of often liter of greasy filth adjusting material is: de-emulsifier SP 200 ~ 300mg/L, flocculation agent (alum 400 ~ 650mg/L, cationic polyacrylamide 20 ~ 50mg/L), water 100 ~ 300g/L.
Second step, empirically proportioning allotment adjusting material.By compound pump, adjusting material is delivered to the modified tank of ground sludge 2 and the modified tank 3 of non-ground sludge from pharmacy jar 1 through greasy filth opening for feed 16, utilizes agitator 13 to stir.
By vibrator 14 in the modified tank 2 of ground sludge, can accelerate oil-water-mud three phase separation, in the modified tank 3 of non-ground sludge, material stirring evenly leaves standstill 6h afterwards and can realize oil-water-mud three phase separation.
3rd step, after oil-water-mud three phase separation, the oil-water mixture of the modified tank of ground sludge 2 and non-ground sludge modified tank 3 internal upper part is flowed out by liquid outlet 15, isolated oil-water mixture is separated into oil content and moisture through mixed solution centrifuge separator 6, delivers to oil content hold-up vessel 7 and moisture hold-up vessel 8 respectively.
4th step, in the modified tank of ground sludge 2 and the modified tank 3 of non-ground sludge, the material (greasy filth) of bottom is delivered in vacuum hydroextractor 4 through spiral pump 19 by greasy filth outlet 18 again.Vacuum hydroextractor take thermal oil as thermal source, the heat source temperature adopted is 220 DEG C, water extracter vacuum tightness is-0.098MPa, under vacuum high-temperature condition, the inner residual moisture of greasy filth and part oil content are dried, dry the gas and obtain oil-water mixture after condenser 5 cooling is collected, oil-water mixture flow to mixed solution centrifuge separator 6 by the liquid-phase outlet of bottom, then is separated into oil content and moisture.
Single modified tank reservoir volume is 15m
3, modified tank side surface upper part liquid outlet 15 is installed on volume 10m
310cm place above scale marks, tiltedly upward, be directly connected with water pump, directly can extract oil-water mixture isolated in modified tank out tank body, the switch of liquid outlet 15 in-line pump and the liquid level of modified tank link liquid outlet 15 pipeline; Tank level adopts ultrasonic level gage automatic gauge.
5th step, retorting machine feeding warehouse delivered to by the greasy filth after dehydration, and greasy filth is delivered in gas retort 10 by worm conveyor 9 and carried out destructive distillation afterwards.
6th step, gas retort 10 adopts kiln formula gas retort, continuous seepage, and pyrolysis temperature is 750 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C; Destructive distillation chamber pressure is-20Pa ~+20Pa DEG C.
Greasy filth is in gas retort 10 after high temperature carbonization, and its organic substance decomposing is the carbonizing gas such as methane, ethene, propylene, and carbonizing gas is sent into gas retort 10 combustion chamber and used as fuel after carbonizing gas refining plant 12 purifying treatment.
Excess sludge is charcoal through carbonization, the fixed carbon content >20% of charcoal, it is 350 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C that charcoal goes out gas retort temperature, and charcoal is after inclined double pipe cooler 11 cools, temperature can be down to 40 DEG C ~ 45 DEG C, can be used as soil improvement agent and uses.
Gas retort 10 flue gas produces steam by waste heat boiler 21, and steam is for nursing one's health companion's heat of tank, and the flue gas after waste heat recovery is qualified discharge after desulfurizing dust-collector 20.
At this oily sludge for different batches, enumerate two methods example.
example one:
Ground sludge: oleaginousness 14.5%, water content 19%, other solid content 66.5%.Treatment capacity is 10m
3(density 1.5t/m
3).
First mud spiral pump is passed through by 10 m
3ground sludge is delivered in modified tank from stockyard, and modified tank tracing steam temperature is 180 DEG C, and in tank, temperature of charge remains on 65 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C; Adjusting material component is: de-emulsifier SP 2Kg, alum 4Kg, cationic polyacrylamide 0.2Kg, clear water 1000Kg; Squeezed into by adjusting material in modified tank, stir 60 minutes, startup vibrator is smash and is shaken 30 minutes afterwards; The rear material that vibrated leaves standstill 60 minutes, and start the oil-water mixture that water pump extracts modified tank top, obtain mixed solution 3850Kg, mixed solution is delivered to centrifuge separator and is separated; The greasy filth of modified tank bottom delivers to further mummification in vacuum hydroextractor through spiral pump, water extracter every batch charging 5 m
3, each charging 30 minutes; In vacuum hydroextractor, temperature of charge is 160 DEG C, and vacuum tightness is-0.098MPa, every batch of drying time 4h; Water extracter dries the gas and altogether obtain oil-water mixture 1380Kg after condensation is reclaimed, and mixed solution is delivered to centrifuge separator and is separated; In vacuum hydroextractor, remaining mummification greasy filth delivers to retorting machine feed bin through elephant trunk, then is delivered in gas retort by worm conveyor and carry out continuous carbonization; Gas retort chamber temperature is 800 DEG C; Dry distillation of oil mud obtains 5.8t charcoal.
example two:
Tank bottom oil sludge: oleaginousness 53%, water content 25%, other solid content 22%.Treatment capacity is 10m
3(density 1.7t/m
3).
First mud spiral pump is passed through by 10 m
3tank bottom oil sludge is delivered in modified tank from stockyard, and modified tank tracing steam temperature is 180 DEG C, and in tank, temperature of charge remains on 55 DEG C ~ 65 DEG C; Adjusting material component is: de-emulsifier SP 3Kg, alum 6Kg, cationic polyacrylamide 0.5Kg, clear water 2000Kg; Squeezed into by adjusting material in modified tank, stir after 60 minutes and leave standstill 6h, start the oil-water mixture that water pump extracts modified tank top, obtain mixed solution 8590Kg, mixed solution is delivered to centrifuge separator and is separated; The greasy filth of modified tank bottom delivers to further mummification in vacuum hydroextractor through spiral pump, water extracter every batch charging 5 m
3, each charging 30 minutes; In vacuum hydroextractor, temperature of charge is 160 DEG C, and vacuum tightness is-0.098MPa, every batch of drying time 4h; Water extracter dries the gas and altogether obtain oil-water mixture 2250Kg after condensation is reclaimed, and mixed solution is delivered to centrifuge separator and is separated; In vacuum hydroextractor, remaining mummification greasy filth delivers to retorting machine feed bin through elephant trunk, then is delivered in gas retort by worm conveyor and carry out continuous carbonization; Gas retort chamber temperature is 850 DEG C; Dry distillation of oil mud obtains 3.4t charcoal.
For tank bottom oil sludge computing economy benefit.
The cost of this art breading tank bottom oil sludge is 1200 yuan/ton, and process greasy filth can charge 2500 yuan/ton, product charcoal sales revenue 120 yuan/ton, then processing tank bottom oil sludge income is 1420 yuan/ton.To dispose tank bottom oil sludge scale 10000 tons/year, can obtain net profit 1,420 ten thousand yuan every year, economic benefit is obvious.
These are only a specific embodiment of the present utility model, but design concept of the present utility model is not limited thereto, all changes utilizing this design the utility model to be carried out to unsubstantiality, all should belong to the behavior of invading the utility model protection domain.