CN204630714U - Tunnel runs the complete detection system of lighting quality - Google Patents
Tunnel runs the complete detection system of lighting quality Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provide a kind of driver travel tunnel entrance on daytime, night entrance, night outlet section and the complete detection system of tunnel interlude lighting source mass value under different lighting source environment, relate generally to highway tunnel illumination engineering field.Driver is required to In-tunnel object thing depending on recognizing in collection vehicle driving process, unitarity detection is carried out by all kinds of lighting quality detecting instrument, detect driver and travel lighting source mass value under the different lighting source environment in tunnel, obtain complete tunnel and run lighting quality evaluation index value detection data.Detection system is taken into account dynamic eye tracker formed by motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument, spectroradio illuminometer, imaging type brightness, and be connected with computing machine, the contactless speed instrument of motor vehicle is connected with vehicle power, gather monochrome information inside and outside tunnel by imaging brightness meter, utilize spectroradio illuminometer to measure colour temperature and colour rendering inside and outside tunnel.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of tunnel and runs the complete detection system of lighting quality, is mainly used in the artificial light engineering fields such as highway tunnel illumination engineering, city illumination engineering and underpass illuminating engineering.
Background technology
Along with increasing of vcehicular tunnel quantity, the traffic safety of vcehicular tunnel also faces severe situation.But, not yet have the tunnel of complete set to run lighting quality detection system at present and be applied in vcehicular tunnel operation lighting quality evaluation field.How to detect tunnel operation lighting quality and remain current difficult point of carrying out vcehicular tunnel security of operation Comfort Evaluation from driver's angle, especially in recognizing, detect driver's traveling lighting source mass value under the different lighting source environment in tunnel in driver dynamic.
Current detection driver travels lighting source quality testing instrument and detection data discrete under tunnel difference lighting source environment, does not have the systematic technical method and the set of equipments that run lighting quality detection for tunnel.
Utility model content
The utility model by provide a kind of driver travel tunnel entrance on daytime, night entrance, daytime outlet section, night outlet section and the detection system of tunnel interlude lighting source mass value under different lighting source environment.Driver is required to In-tunnel object thing depending on recognizing in collection vehicle driving process, unitarity detection is carried out by all kinds of lighting quality detecting instrument, detect driver and travel lighting source mass value under the different lighting source environment in tunnel, obtain complete tunnel and run lighting quality evaluation index value detection data.
1, detection system composition
Detection system is taken into account dynamic eye tracker and is formed by motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument, spectroradio illuminometer, imaging type brightness, and be connected with computing machine, and the contactless speed instrument of motor vehicle is connected with vehicle power.Fitting machine motor-car noncontact speed instrument on testing vehicle, in vehicle travel process, with can easily fast depending on recognizing object for standard, record gathers the position when position of vehicle when driver finds object and vehicle cross object respectively, and the difference calculating them is as distance of visual cognition; Monochrome information inside and outside tunnel is gathered by imaging brightness meter; Spectroradio illuminometer is utilized to measure colour temperature and colour rendering inside and outside tunnel.
2, the function of detection system
(1) tunnel entrance on daytime detects
Tunnel entrance on daytime detection system depending on the position of the position and marking target self of recognizing object, and adopts eye tracker real time record driver's blinkpunkt position by the travelling speed of motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument Real-time Collection vehicle, mark driver.Adopt spectroradio illumination to take into account light intensity detector and gather colour rendering index, colour temperature, adopt imaging type nitometer to gather inside and outside entrance on daytime hole the light source characteristic data such as mean flow rate.Distance of visual cognition when sailing tunnel with the different speed of a motor vehicle by gathering driver under different brightness reduction coefficient condition, quantification and qualification is carried out to distance of visual cognition and entrance brightness reduction coefficient, running velocity relation, finally obtains the computation model of distance of visual cognition and entrance brightness reduction coefficient:
Wherein:
K---entrance brightness reduction coefficient;
D---distance of visual cognition (m).
(2) tunnel entrance at night detects
Utilize nitometer to measure brightness inside and outside tunnel entrance at night, and calculate luminance difference; Spectroradio illuminometer is utilized to measure colour temperature and colour rendering.Require driver in vehicle travel process by outside tunnel depending on recognizing tunnel portal section internal object thing, the position of vehicle, the position of object and travelling speed when finding object by motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument record driver, and the distance calculated between them, in this, as distance of visual cognition
Show that distance of visual cognition and luminance difference calculate universal model, as follows:
D=a·△L+67.441
Wherein:
D---distance of visual cognition, unit: m, D ∈ [67.441,266.3];
Luminance difference inside and outside △ L---night Tunnel, unit: cd/m2, △ L ∈ [0.000,3.395];
Different coefficients corresponding to the combination of a---different-colour, colour rendering.
(3) tunnel outlet section on daytime detects
First gray object thing is placed on the outer brightness uniformity of tunnel outlet section on daytime and not by the position that brightness in hole affects, driver wears dynamic eye tracker simultaneously vehicle assembly machine motor-car noncontact speed instrument, laboratory technician record driver to gray object thing in driving procedure depending on recognizing position.To distance of visual cognition and daytime outlet section luminance difference, running velocity relation carries out quantification and qualification.When object appears in driver's seat, driver just can find object immediately.Illustrate the lighting condition of tunnel outlet section on daytime do not affect driver to object in driving conditions in tunnel depending on recognizing.
(4) tunnel outlet section at night detects
First gray object thing is placed on the outer brightness uniformity of tunnel outlet section at night and not by the position that brightness in hole affects, driver wears dynamic eye tracker simultaneously vehicle assembly machine motor-car noncontact speed instrument, laboratory technician record driver to gray object thing in driving procedure depending on recognizing position.To distance of visual cognition and night outlet section luminance difference, running velocity relation carries out quantification and qualification, finally obtain when the speed of a motor vehicle is 60km/h, luminance difference and distance of visual cognition parabolically curve inside and outside hole, functional equation is:
D=-13.04ΔL
2+25.094ΔL+121.35
D---distance of visual cognition, unit: m, D ∈ [67.3,130.0];
△ L---luminance difference inside and outside tunnel outlet section at night hole, unit: cd/m2, △ L ∈ [0.5,3.1];
(5) tunnel interlude detects
Imaging type nitometer is utilized to measure interlude road surface, tunnel mean flow rate; Spectroradio illuminometer is utilized to measure colour temperature and colour rendering in interlude hole, tunnel.The position of vehicle, the position of object and travelling speed when utilizing motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument record driver to find object, and the distance calculated between them, in this, as distance of visual cognition, quantification and qualification is carried out to distance of visual cognition and interlude brightness, running velocity relation, finally obtains the computation model of distance of visual cognition and interlude brightness:
D=e
(5.575-0.683/L)
Wherein:
L---interlude mean flow rate;
D---distance of visual cognition (m).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 the utility model tunnel runs the complete detection system block diagram of lighting quality;
Fig. 2 measures tunnel the luminance of outer caves schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 tunnel outlet section at night is depending on recognizing schematic diagram.
Embodiment
1, tunnel entrance on daytime detects
Choose your horse tunnel to be positioned at Guizhou and to think deeply sword highway K139 ~ K140 section, this Tunnel Design speed is 80km/h; Left width pile No. is K139+435 ~ K139+990, and length is 555m; Right width pile No. is K139+450 ~ K139+970, and length is 520m, and longitudinal gradient is 4%, exports on straight-line segment, and the gradient is-2.8%; Width of roadway is 8.75m, it is bituminous concrete pavement in tunnel, according to test objective, on-the-spot adopt arbitrary sampling method have chosen healthy, eyesight is all normal, subject without waist-leg disease history, do not have 6 of cardiovascular medical history drivers to carry out depending on recognizing test yet, object increases the regular and reliability of test findings.For motor bus, minibus broad view degree is lower, more difficult depending on recognizing to object of driver under equivalent environment, typical minibus on test section is chosen as test vehicle by least favorable principle, detection system is by motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument, spectroradio illuminometer, dynamic eye tracker composition is taken into account in imaging type brightness, and be connected with computing machine, the contactless speed instrument of motor vehicle is connected with vehicle power, sensor is affixed on car door, camera lens perpendicular alignmnet road surface, apart from road surface 50cm, tester's Real-Time Monitoring Test Host, the running status of real time record vehicle.And by brake pedal switch to getting mark ready depending on recognizing event in experimentation.Spectroradio illuminometer to be arranged on above instruction carriage colour rendering index, colourity, color temperature parameters inside and outside Real-time Collection hole, and driver wears dynamic eye tracker Real-time Collection dynamic vision characteristic sum field range, record tunnel road, traffic, environmental information.(each section of following tunnel test environment is identical)
(1) testing crew is standard security distance with stopping sight distance, and before tunnel portal, A point is apart from ground 1.5m At The Height erection imaging type nitometer, as shown in Figure 2, measures tunnel portal the luminance of outer caves, and record.
(2) imaging type nitometer be captured in entrance road surface in tunnel do not affect by hole UV light the position of brightness uniformity brightness, obtain entrance road surface mean flow rate, and record.
(3) mean flow rate of entrance in hole is adjusted, driveway central marks point C placement 20cm × 20cm × 20cm gray object thing on the left of the position that entrance road surface does not affect brightness uniformity by hole UV light in tunnel; And mark respectively in the outer trackside D point position, distance object stopping distance position of tunnel portal.According to the traffic safety and riding comfort evaluation criterion of Japan's acceleration in " Expressway Design main points ", and stopping sight distance corresponding to more comfortable acceleration-deceleration lower limit, design rate and different designs speed is substituted into formula (1), distance under calculating different designs speed between tested vehicle-to-target thing, as shown in table 1.
In formula: V1---tested vehicle initial velocity, m/s;
V2---design rate, m/s;
A---average acceleration, m/s2;
S---stopping sight distance, m;
L---the distance between tested vehicle-to-target thing, m.
Distance between the tested vehicle-to-target thing of table 1
Design rate (km/h) | Distance L (m) between tested vehicle-to-target thing |
60 | 1240 |
80 | 1720 |
100 | 2260 |
(4) driver vehicle is started to walk by distance objective thing L place, tunnel speed limit level is kept to travel after reaching tunnel speed limit, to be found and see that in tunnel, road surface object informs copilot testing crew in time, testing crew record driver is in the impression of tunnel portal dark adatpation section.The position of vehicle, the position of object and travelling speed when finding object by motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument record driver, and calculate the distance between them, in this, as distance of visual cognition.
(5) spectroradio illuminometer to be arranged on above instruction carriage the parameter such as colour rendering index, colourity, correlated colour temperature inside and outside Real-time Collection hole, eye tracker Real-time Collection driver dynamic visual signature and field range, record tunnel road, traffic, environmental information, the time synchronized display in the video recording of driver's field of front vision of detection time and time corresponding to blinkpunkt different distributions position.
Time precision and the frequency of the information such as all kinds of detecting instrument image data are inconsistent, need to carry out normalization process to it.As shown in table 2 is that all kinds of detecting instrument gathers tunnel entrance on daytime lighting environment quality testing data.
Table 2 tunnel entrance on daytime lighting quality detects data
Quantification and qualification is carried out to distance of visual cognition and entrance brightness reduction coefficient relation, finally obtains the computation model of distance of visual cognition and entrance brightness reduction coefficient:
Wherein:
K---entrance brightness reduction coefficient;
D---distance of visual cognition (m).
Stopping sight distance when being 60km/h, 80km/h, 100km/h by design rate substitutes into formula 2, and inside and outside calculating tunnel portal section on daytime hole, minimum brightness reduction coefficient threshold value is for shown in table 3.
Table 3 entrance brightness reduction coefficient secure threshold
The speed of a motor vehicle (km/h) | 60 | 80 | 100 |
Brightness reduction coefficient | 0.033 | 0.045 | 0.06 |
Brightness reduction coefficient value under tunnel entrance on daytime different designs speed is adjusted to higher than speed of a motor vehicle entrance on lower daytime brightness reduction coefficient threshold value different shown in table 3 to ensure the traffic safety of tunnel portal section on daytime by suggestion.
2, tunnel entrance at night detects
(1) road surface brightness in tunnel
By in export-oriented tunnel, tunnel, in tunnel, be not subject to the characterization value of average road surface brightness value as tunnel portal road section surface mean flow rate at night of lamp range of influence outside hole.Concrete measuring method is: from tunnel portal at interval of the road surface brightness on 1m measurement driveway separatrix, search out the homogeneous area that brightness no longer changes, measure the characterization value of mean flow rate as the road surface brightness of tunnel entrance at night in this region.
(2) distance of visual cognition and running velocity
The putting position of record object thing, the instantaneous velocity of utilize motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument to mark position that driver finds object and now vehicle, in the moment again registration of vehicle position of vehicle through object; Distance between the position of twice record is distance of visual cognition.
(3) road surface brightness in different tunnels is got, require that driver vehicle travels in export-oriented tunnel, tunnel with certain speed, and in the process of moving to target lead object depending on recognizing, easily can find that object is for discrimination standard fast, record driver to target depending on recognizing situation.Depending on the position of the position and object self of recognizing object, and adopt eye tracker as auxiliary record equipment by the travelling speed of motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument Real-time Collection vehicle, mark driver.Corresponding road surface average brightness value is gathered by imaging type nitometer meter.The photochromic indexes such as colour temperature in illuminometer Real-time Collection hole, aobvious fingers finally set up luminance difference, relational model between distance of visual cognition and travelling speed three, find road surface luminance difference threshold value required when meeting driver safety traveling.Time precision and the frequency of the information such as all kinds of detecting instrument image data are inconsistent, need to carry out normalization process to it.As shown in table 4 is that all kinds of detecting instrument gathers tunnel entrance at night lighting environment quality testing data.
Table 4 tunnel entrance at night lighting quality detects data
By with to distance of visual cognition, relationship analysis between travelling speed and luminance difference, show that distance of visual cognition and luminance difference calculate universal model, as shown in Equation 3:
D=a·△L+67.441 (3)
Wherein:
D---distance of visual cognition, unit: m, D ∈ [67.441,266.3];
Luminance difference inside and outside △ L---night Tunnel, unit: cd/m2, △ L ∈ [0.000,3.395];
Different coefficients corresponding to the combination of a---different-colour, colour rendering.
Stopping sight distance when being 60km/h, 80km/h, 100km/h, 120km/h by design rate substitutes into formula 3, calculates minimum brightness inside and outside tunnel portal section at night hole poor for shown in table 5.
Under table 5 Different Light condition, driver is depending on recognizing luminance difference threshold value needed for object
Suggestion luminance difference value inside and outside entrance at night hole, tunnel is adjusted to higher than more than luminance difference threshold value required under different designs speed as shown in table 5 with the traffic safety and riding comfort ensureing that night, tunnel portal section was driven a vehicle.
3, tunnel outlet section on daytime detects
(1) to be mainly subject to the impact of road surface brightness inside and outside travelling speed and tunnel depending on recognizing driver in process of the test depending on the distance of recognizing object, to need to gather brightness three class data inside and outside distance of visual cognition, running velocity and tunnel.The putting position of record object thing, the instantaneous velocity of utilize motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument to mark position that driver finds object and now vehicle, in the moment again registration of vehicle position of vehicle through object; Distance between the position of twice record is distance of visual cognition.
(2) road surface brightness in tunnel
By in export-oriented tunnel, tunnel, in tunnel, be not subject to the characterization value of average road surface brightness value as tunnel exit road section surface brightness on daytime of lamp range of influence outside hole.Concrete measuring method is: to measure the road surface brightness on driveway separatrix from tunnel portal at interval of 1m, search out the homogeneous area that brightness no longer changes, and the mean flow rate measuring this region is as the characterization value of road surface brightness of outlet section on daytime.
(3) road surface brightness outside tunnel
By in tunnel to outside tunnel, the characterization value of the outer road surface brightness using the average road surface brightness value not affecting the starting point place in section by tunnel intraoral illumination light source and tunnel portal works as Tunnel.Measure the illumination in its driveway separatrix, driveway edge line and driveway centre position at the some place characterizing the luminance of outer caves value, try to achieve mean value, and be scaled brightness value.
(4) road surface brightness in different tunnels is got, require that driver vehicle travels in export-oriented tunnel, tunnel with certain speed, and in the process of moving to target lead object depending on recognizing, easily can find that object is for discrimination standard fast, record driver to target depending on recognizing situation.Depending on the position of the position and object self of recognizing object, and adopt eye tracker as auxiliary record equipment by the travelling speed of motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument Real-time Collection vehicle, mark driver.
(5) find by analyzing, driver is lower to brightness requirement in tunnel at tunnel outlet section on daytime, and even when closure of a tunnel outlet section throws light on, driver also can easily fast depending on recognizing object.What mainly impact traffic safety is the glare phenomenon at tunnel exit place, and when lamp direct projection tunnel exit, direct sunlight, on the eyes of driver, makes driver produce discomfort, also may cause detest, uncomfortablely even lose legibility.For glare phenomenon, regulate the light source in tunnel to be invalid, can be transformed tunnel exit by the anti-dazzle measure of dim light, the traffic safety hidden danger that reply dazzle brings, reduce the driving risk of driver's tunnel outlet section by day.
4, tunnel outlet section at night detects
(1) outlet section brightness is adjusted, tunnel exit road section surface mean flow rate at night is gathered with imaging type nitometer, outside finding tunnel outlet section hole, road surface brightness is not by the A position that tunnel outlet section affects, and place 20cm × 20cm × 20cm gray object thing at A point, in tunnel outlet section, distance A point stopping sight distance cross section place is labeled as B, as shown in Figure 3.
(2) driver vehicle is started to walk by distance objective thing L place, tunnel speed limit level is kept to travel after reaching tunnel speed limit, to be found and see that in tunnel, road surface object informs copilot testing crew in time, and record the impression of driver at tunnel portal dark adatpation section.When finding object by motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument record driver, the position of vehicle, the position of object and travelling speed, calculate distance of visual cognition.
(3) spectroradio illuminometer to be arranged on above instruction carriage the parameter such as colour rendering index, colourity, correlated colour temperature inside and outside Real-time Collection hole, eye tracker Real-time Collection driver dynamic visual signature and field range.Time precision and the frequency of the information such as all kinds of detecting instrument image data are inconsistent, need to carry out normalization process to it.As shown in table 6 is that all kinds of detecting instrument gathers tunnel outlet section at night lighting environment quality testing data.
Table 6 tunnel outlet section at night detects data
Speed (km/h) | Luminance difference (cd/m2) | Distance of visual cognition (m) | Luminance difference (cd/m2) |
60 | 0.7 | 130.0 | 0.5 |
60 | 3.0 | 121.2 | 1.9 |
60 | 5.0 | 67.3 | 3.1 |
When the speed of a motor vehicle is 60km/h, luminance difference and distance of visual cognition parabolically curve inside and outside hole, functional equation is
D=-13.04ΔL
2+25.094ΔL+121.35 (4)
D---distance of visual cognition, unit: m, D ∈ [67.3,130.0];
△ L---luminance difference inside and outside tunnel outlet section at night hole, unit: cd/m
2, △ L ∈ [0.5,3.1];
Calculate luminance difference at 0 ~ 3.1cd/m
2driver dynamic can being met in scope depending on recognizing demand, can traffic safety be ensured.
When the speed of a motor vehicle is 80km/h, 100km/h, luminance difference is at 0 ~ 3.2cd/m
2all can not meeting driver dynamic in scope depending on recognizing safe-stopping sight distance demand, therefore requiring can provide the luminance level identical with tunnel outlet section outside tunnel exit, traffic safety when guaranteeing that driver rolls tunnel exit night away from.
5, tunnel interlude detects
(1) tested vehicle fitting machine motor-car noncontact speed instrument and spectroradio illumination take into account imaging type nitometer, and driver wears dynamic eye tracker.
(2) object is positioned over tunnel interlude, and making marks on the maintaining roadway at an object stopping sight distance place, the position of mark also should be in tunnel interlude.
(3) tested driver outside tunnel by static according to more comfortable acceleration give it the gun regulation design rate, then at the uniform velocity travel to tunnel with design rate.
(4) after tested driver sails interlude into, if discovery object, then need the testing crew of informing copilot station, testing crew uses motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument to get ready immediately, to record the distance of visual cognition of tested driver when interlude finds object.
(5) spectroradio illuminometer to be arranged on above instruction carriage inside and outside Real-time Collection hole the parameters such as colour rendering index, colourity, correlated colour temperature, and imaging type nitometer gathers tunnel interlude mean flow rate.
Time precision and the frequency of the information such as all kinds of detecting instrument image data are inconsistent, need to carry out normalization process to it.As shown in table 7 is that all kinds of detecting instrument gathers tunnel interlude lighting environment quality testing data.
Table 7 tunnel interlude lighting quality detects data
Interlude mean flow rate (cd/m 2) | Position of driver (m) | Object position (m) | Distance of visual cognition (m) |
4.765 | 5498.48 | 5716.5 | 218.02 |
4.765 | 7513.67 | 7722.03 | 208.36 |
0.478 | 2178.8 | 2375.05 | 196.25 |
1.075 | 695.08 | 864.11 | 169.03 |
0.478 | 4850.66 | 4996.12 | 145.46 |
3.145 | 3252.31 | 3452.78 | 200.47 |
4.325 | 670.43 | 893.11 | 222.68 |
4.325 | 2658.55 | 2877.46 | 218.91 |
4.325 | 4426.92 | 4666 | 239.08 |
4.325 | 6109.56 | 6347.6 | 238.04 |
2.49 | 9158.84 | 9366.61 | 207.77 |
Quantification and qualification is carried out to distance of visual cognition and interlude brightness, running velocity relation, finally obtains the computation model of distance of visual cognition and interlude brightness:
D=e
(5.575-0.683/L)(5)
Wherein:
L---interlude mean flow rate;
D---distance of visual cognition (m)
Stopping sight distance when being 60km/h, 80km/h, 100km/h, 120km/h by design rate substitutes into formula 5, to calculate in interlude hole, tunnel minimum bright threshold value for shown in table 8.
Table 8 interlude luminance threshold
Design speed (km/h) | 60 | 80 | 100 | 120 |
Luminance threshold (cd/m 2) | 0.54 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 3.0 |
Mean flow rate value under tunnel interlude different designs speed is adjusted to higher than luminance threshold under the different designs of interlude shown in table 8 speed to ensure the traffic safety and riding comfort of tunnel interlude driving by suggestion.
Above example only in order to the present invention is described and and unrestricted technical scheme described in the invention; Therefore, although this instructions with reference to above-mentioned example to present invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and still can modify to the present invention or equivalent to replace; And all do not depart from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. tunnel runs a lighting quality complete detection system, it is characterized in that: to detect vehicle for carrier, detection system by motor vehicle noncontact speed instrument, spectroradio illuminometer, dynamic eye tracker is taken into account in imaging type brightness and truck-mounted computer forms; The contactless speed instrument of motor vehicle is connected with vehicle power, sensor is affixed on car door, camera lens perpendicular alignmnet road surface, apart from road surface 50cm, Real-Time Monitoring Test Host, the position of vehicle, the position of object and travelling speed when record driver finds object, and the distance calculated between them, in this, as distance of visual cognition, the running status of real time record vehicle, and by brake pedal switch to getting mark ready depending on recognizing event in experimentation; Spectroradio illuminometer to be arranged on above instruction carriage colour rendering index, colourity, color temperature parameters inside and outside Real-time Collection hole; System take stopping sight distance as standard security distance, apart from ground 1.5m At The Height erection imaging type nitometer before tunnel portal, be captured in entrance road surface in tunnel and do not affect the brightness of the position of brightness uniformity by hole UV light, obtain entrance road surface mean flow rate, and record; System, by dynamic eye tracker Real-time Collection dynamic vision characteristic sum field range information, records tunnel road, traffic, environmental information.
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