CN204596224U - Tryoff is shown in a kind of electrical fire simulation - Google Patents

Tryoff is shown in a kind of electrical fire simulation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204596224U
CN204596224U CN201520290932.4U CN201520290932U CN204596224U CN 204596224 U CN204596224 U CN 204596224U CN 201520290932 U CN201520290932 U CN 201520290932U CN 204596224 U CN204596224 U CN 204596224U
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China
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input end
gauge tap
output terminal
air switch
changing device
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CN201520290932.4U
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Chinese (zh)
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王萌
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Abstract

This application provides the simulation of a kind of electrical fire and show tryoff, comprising: the first gauge tap; Thread changing device; Load; Fault control device; Load the casing of described first gauge tap, described thread changing device, described load and described fault control device; The first input end be connected with live wire; The second input end be connected with zero line; Described first input end is connected the input end of described first gauge tap with described second input end, and the output terminal of described first gauge tap connects the input end of described thread changing device, and the output terminal of described thread changing device connects described load; Described fault control device and described load are arranged in parallel the output terminal at described thread changing device, and can by described load short circuits.Tryoff is shown in the electrical fire simulation that application the application provides, and the public can be made to observe reason and the fire situation of initiation electrical fire intuitively, reach the object of fire safety education.

Description

Tryoff is shown in a kind of electrical fire simulation
Technical field
The application relates to fire fighting equipment technical field, and particularly tryoff is shown in a kind of electrical fire simulation.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the fast development of national economy and improving constantly of living standards of the people, social power consumption greatly increases.But simultaneously also along with the generation of more electrical fire accident.Electrical fire typically refers to the circuit fire because electric wiring, consumer and power-supply unit break down and cause.Cause the reason of electrical hazard more, usually have the line short that the use lack of standardization due to household electrical appliance causes, or lay the line electrical leakage etc. caused due to the unreasonable of supply line's system.And due to line short or bearing power is excessive and electrical fire accident that is that cause is in the majority and consequence is serious in household lines system.
In order to improve the electrical safety consciousness of the public, effectively prevent electrical fire accident, need to allow the public recognize the reason causing electrical fire intuitively, therefore needing the reason to causing domestic electrical fire disasters to carry out simulation shows, reaching the aims of education of fire prevention security against fire.
Utility model content
This application discloses the simulation of a kind of electrical fire and show tryoff, can realize, to the displaying directly perceived of the reason causing electrical fire, reaching the object of fire education.
This application provides the simulation of a kind of electrical fire and show tryoff, comprising:
First gauge tap; The thread changing device of built-in removable wire; Load; Fault control device; Load the casing of described first gauge tap, described thread changing device, described load and described fault control device;
The first input end be connected with live wire; The second input end be connected with zero line; Described first input end is connected the input end of described first gauge tap with described second input end, and the output terminal of described first gauge tap connects the input end of described thread changing device, and the output terminal of described thread changing device connects described load; Described fault control device and described load are arranged in parallel the output terminal at described thread changing device, and can by described load short circuits;
The working current of described load is less than the rated current of wire between first input end and the second input end.
Preferably, also comprise:
First air switch, the output terminal of the first gauge tap described in the input termination of described first air switch, the input end of thread changing device described in the output termination of described first air switch;
The rated current of described first air switch equals the rated current of described thread changing device inside conductor.
Preferably, also comprise:
Second air switch, the input end of described second air switch is connected to the output terminal of described first gauge tap, and described second air switch output terminal and described first air switch output terminal all connect the input end of described thread changing device;
The rated current of described second air switch is greater than the working current of described load.
Preferably, also comprise:
Earth leakage protective device; Described earth leakage protective device and described second air switch are connected in the output terminal of described first gauge tap in parallel, the input end of thread changing device described in the output termination of described earth leakage protective device, described first air switch and described second air switch.
Preferably, also comprise:
Second gauge tap, described second gauge tap input end is connected with described earth leakage protective device output terminal.
Preferably, also comprise:
Adjustable electric potential relay; Described adjustable electric potential relay input end connects the fire wire output end of described second gauge tap, described adjustable electric potential relay output head grounding line.
Preferably, also comprise:
First pilot lamp, the input end of described first pilot lamp connects the zero line output terminal of described second gauge tap and the output terminal of described adjustable electric potential relay respectively.
Preferably, also comprise:
3rd gauge tap, the input end of described 3rd gauge tap connects the output terminal of described earth leakage protective device, and the output terminal of described 3rd gauge tap connects the input end of described thread changing device.
Preferably, also comprise:
Second pilot lamp;
The output terminal of earth leakage protective device described in described second pilot lamp input termination, described second pilot lamp exports the input end of the second gauge tap described in termination.
Preferably, described first gauge tap comprises air switch.
Tryoff is shown in the electrical fire simulation that the application provides, and mainly comprises casing and is arranged on the Circuits System be made up of the first gauge tap, thread changing device, load and fault control device in casing.First input end is connected with live wire, and the second input end is connected with zero line, and the first gauge tap connects first input end and the second input end and controls the break-make of casing inner circuit system electric current.The rated current of the wire in thread changing device can embody rule ambient As required.In order to thread changing device inside conductor being modeled as household lines and becoming the displaying circuit of electrical fire, the rated current that can arrange thread changing device inside conductor is less than the working current of described load, and thread changing device inside conductor overload is used.
Working current due to load is less than the rated current of wire between first input end and the second input end and the working current of load is greater than the rated current of thread changing device inside conductor, therefore when there being big current by wire in thread changing device, the temperature of thread changing device inside conductor raises and the external insulation that finally ignites at first, makes thread changing device inside conductor become the displaying circuit of electrical fire.
Tryoff main presentation two kinds of electrical fire phenomenons are shown in the electrical fire simulation that the application provides, and a kind of is because the working current of load R does not mate with the rated current of wire the electrical fire caused; The second is the electrical fire because line short causes.
For the first electrical fire phenomenon, control the first gauge tap and close, Circuits System is energized, and the rated current arranging thread changing device inside conductor is less than the working current of load, and controls fault control device and do not work.When after Circuits System energising, because bearing power is larger, the working current of load is much larger than the rated current of thread changing device inside conductor, when therefore flowing through the wire in thread changing device when larger electric current, the temperature of thread changing device inside conductor sharply rises, and after certain time length ignition leads insulation course, cause electrical fire;
For the second electrical fire phenomenon, control the first gauge tap and close, Circuits System is energized, control fault control device and start working.Under the effect of fault control device, the wire of thread changing device output terminal directly connects.Due to electric current in Circuits System without load, so the electric current between first input end and the second input end in wire sharply strengthens.Because the electric current flowing through thread changing device inside conductor is far longer than the rated current of thread changing device inside conductor, thus the temperature of thread changing device inside conductor sharply rise and after certain time length ignition leads insulation course, cause electrical fire.
Tryoff is shown in the electrical fire simulation provided by the application, and the public can intuitively arrive the sight of the electrical fire caused under different reason, makes the understanding that the public has deepened the reason causing electrical fire, reaches the aims of education of fire-fighting of preventing fires.
Certainly, the arbitrary product implementing the application might not need to reach above-described all advantages simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
The electrical fire that Fig. 1 provides for the application simulates the first electric circuit diagram shown in tryoff;
The electrical fire that Fig. 2 provides for the application simulates the second electric circuit diagram shown in tryoff.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to Fig. 1, the first electric circuit diagram of tryoff is shown in the electrical fire simulation that Fig. 1 shows the application to be provided, and the electrical fire simulation that the application provides shows that tryoff mainly comprises the first gauge tap QS, thread changing device 2, load R, fault control device 3 and casing 1.First gauge tap QS, thread changing device 2, load R and fault control device 3 are installed in casing 1.
Electrical fire simulation shows that the power input of tryoff is respectively first input end, the second input end.Wherein, first input end connects live wire, and the second input end connects zero line.
First input end is connected the input end of the first gauge tap QS with the second input end, wherein, and the break-make of power supply in the first gauge tap QS major control casing 1.The kind of the first gauge tap QS is more, and can be hand control switch, solenoid-operated switch or fusing class gauge tap, in this application, the first gauge tap QS be air switch.
The output terminal of the first gauge tap QS connects the input end of thread changing device 2, and the output terminal of thread changing device 2 connects load R and fault control device 3.Wherein, load R and fault control device 3 are connected in the output terminal of thread changing device 2 in parallel.
Thread changing device 2 is electrical appliance wirings of a kind of wire of built-in detachable replacing, and electric current is flow to by the input end of basic wire from thread changing device 2, then flows through the wire in thread changing device 2, then flow to basic wire from output terminal.Thread changing device 2 can according to showing that testing scene selects to install the wire with applicable rated current.Fault control device 3 and load R are installed in parallel the output terminal at thread changing device 2, are realized the short circuit of circuit by fault control device 3.When fault control device 3 closes, together with the live wire in fault control device 3 and zero line two wires are connected directly between, on load R, no current passes through, thus causes line short.
The electrical fire phenomenon that tryoff main analog is caused by two kinds of reasons is shown in the simulation of electrical fire that the application provides, is the electrical fire not mated the electrical fire that causes by load R and the rated current of thread changing device 2 inside conductor and caused due to line short respectively.
In this application, the working current arranging load R is less than the rated current of basic wire between first input end and the second input end, to ensure that basic wire can not be burnt when load R works.In simulation is shown and tested, the wire module in thread changing device 2 is intended to be the wire in home circuit.
Simulation for not mated the electrical fire caused by load R and wire rated current:
Do not mating under the analog case of the electrical fire caused by load R with wire rated current, in order to the displaying circuit making thread changing device 2 become electrical fire, the rated current arranging thread changing device 2 inside conductor is less than the working current of load R, and thread changing device 2 inside conductor is worked overloadingly.
Closed first gauge tap QS, makes electrical fire simulate and shows energising in tryoff, and control fault control device 3 disconnects and not working simultaneously.When after Circuits System energising, load R starts working.Because the working current of load R is much larger than the rated current of thread changing device 2 inside conductor, in the process therefore worked at load R, the temperature of thread changing device 2 inside conductor can progressively rise, until ignited by the insulation course of wire, causes electrical fire.Now can control the first gauge tap QS to disconnect, make Circuits System power-off.
The simulation of the electrical fire caused by line short:
Under the analog case of the electrical fire caused by circuit, in order to the displaying circuit making thread changing device 2 become electrical fire, the rated current arranging thread changing device 2 inside conductor is less than the rated current of basic wire between first input end and the second input end, and it is closed to control fault control device 3, makes the zero line in fault control device 3 directly be connected with live wire.First gauge tap QS closes, and make power on circuitry, because the zero line in fault control device 3 is directly connected with live wire, cause the short circuit of circuit, therefore load R place no current passes through.Meanwhile, because the comparatively large and rated current of thread changing device 2 inside conductor of short-circuit current is less than the rated current of basic wire between first input end and the second input end, the wire therefore in thread changing device 2 first heating direct, to being burnt, causes electrical fire.
Tryoff is shown in the simulation of electrical fire that the application provides, by giving the real electrical fire sight of spectators, making the understanding that the public has deepened causing electrical fire reason, achieving the object of fire scientific research, fire prevention Popular Science Education, security against fire training.
Usually, the immediate cause of wire combustion is that in wire, electric current is excessive, makes the conductive material temperature in wire increase, until the outermost insulating material that ignites, causes fire.
For this situation, need to arrange relevant route protection measure.Safeguard measure general is at present for install air switch in the line.Air switch i.e. air-break, connect, disjunction and carrying rated operational current and the fault current such as short circuit, overload in circuit, and can transship at circuit and load, short circuit, divide deenergizing rapidly, protect reliably.When air switch electric current be in the line greater than the rated current of air switch time, air switch breaking, makes place circuit power-off, and then stops the generation of electrical fire.Therefore, the magnitude relationship of the rated current of air switch and the rated current of place circuit determines air switch can and stops electrical fire.
Recognize to make the public and select the air switch matched with wire rated current for the importance of preventing electric fire, this application provides two kinds of demonstration schemes, the first scheme is install the air switch be applicable to can effectively prevent electrical fire from occurring; First scheme can not prevent electrical fire from occurring for installing inappropriate air switch.
Refer to Fig. 2, the electrical fire that Fig. 2 provides for the application simulates the second electric circuit diagram showing tryoff.For the first scheme, the electrical fire simulation that the application provides shows that tryoff is also provided with the first air switch DK1, and the first air switch DK1 is arranged between the first gauge tap QS and thread changing device 2.Concrete, the input end of the output termination first air switch DK1 of the first gauge tap QS, the input end of the output termination thread changing device 2 of the first air switch DK1.Wherein, the rated current of the first air switch DK1 equals the rated current of thread changing device 2 inside conductor, and the rated current simultaneously arranging thread changing device 2 inside conductor is less than the working current of load R.
Be greater than the situation of wire rated current for load R electric current, control the first gauge tap QS and the first air switch DK1 is all closed, make power on circuitry, control fault control device 3 simultaneously and disconnect and not working.When after energising, load R works, and the working current due to load R is greater than the rated current of thread changing device 2 inside conductor, is therefore greater than the rated current of the first air switch DK1 by the electric current of the first air switch DK1, the automatic breaking of the first air switch DK1, and energising stops.Now, because power-off makes the conductor temperature in thread changing device 2 not reach burning-point in time, efficiently avoid the generation of electrical fire.
For the situation of line short, control the first gauge tap QS and the first air switch DK1 is all closed, make power on circuitry, control fault control device 3 Operating In Persistent Current Mode simultaneously.Make line short because the zero line in fault control device 3 and live wire are directly connected, larger short-circuit current is greater than the rated current of the first air switch DK1, the automatic breaking of the first air switch DK1, stops energising, efficiently avoid the generation of electrical fire.
Therefore, if the rated current of the air switch selected is mated with the rated current of family wire, then can when line short or circuit overload use, air switch can disconnecting circuit in time, effectively prevents the generation of electrical fire.
For first scheme, the application also comprises the second air switch DK2.Second air switch DK2 and the first air switch DK1 is connected in the output terminal of the first gauge tap QS in parallel, and the second air switch DK2 exports the input end of termination thread changing device 2, and the rated current of the second air switch DK2 is greater than the working current of load R.
Be greater than the situation of wire rated current for load R electric current, control the first gauge tap QS and the second air switch DK2 is all closed, control the first air switch DK1 and disconnect, control fault control device 3 simultaneously and disconnect and not working.When after energising, working current due to load R is greater than the rated current of thread changing device 2 inside conductor, but the working current of load R is less than the rated current of the second air switch DK2, therefore the rated current of the second air switch DK2 is less than by the electric current of the second air switch DK2, second air switch DK2 can not breaking, continues energising.Now, due to not in time power-off make the conductor temperature in thread changing device 2 raise until the external insulation that ignites, cause electrical fire.
For the situation of line short, control the first gauge tap QS and the second air switch DK2 is all closed, the first air switch DK1 disconnects, and controls fault control device 3 Operating In Persistent Current Mode simultaneously.Make line short because the zero line in fault control device 3 and live wire are directly connected, short-circuit current is greater than the rated current of thread changing device 2 inside conductor.If the rated current of the second air switch DK2 is enough large, then when there is line short, the second air switch DK2 can not breaking, finally can cause the burn of thread changing device 2 inside conductor and All other routes, cause electrical fire.
Therefore, if when the rated current of the air switch selected is much larger than the rated current of wire, when there is the situation that wire short circuit or circuit overload use, air switch cannot prevent electrical fire from occurring effectively.
Usually, if home circuit normally works and need meet wire rated current and be greater than air switch rated current, air switch rated current is greater than load R working current.
In household lines, except there is the situation of wire short circuit or the use of circuit overload, the situation also having electric leakage exists, if human body touches the leakage of circuit, can cause the injures and deaths of personnel time serious.
Earth leakage protective device RCD refers to the function had leakage current test and judgement, when there is electric leakage in major loop or insulation course destroys, and the on-off element that according to judged result, place circuit can be disconnected.
The electrical fire simulation that the application provides shows that tryoff also simulates the situation of leaking electricity in household lines.Earth leakage protective device RCD is in parallel with the second air switch DK2 and the first air switch DK1, and the input end of earth leakage protective device RCD connects the output terminal of the first gauge tap QS, the input end of the input termination thread changing device 2 of earth leakage protective device RCD.
The input end of the second gauge tap S2 is connected with the output terminal of earth leakage protective device RCD; the output terminal of the second gauge tap S2 comprises zero line and live wire; wherein fire wire output end is connected with the input end of adjustable electric potential relay RP, and zero line output terminal is connected with the output terminal of the first pilot lamp HL1.
Adjustable electric potential relay RP is mainly arranged on live wire, and its resistance value can regulate as required, plays dividing potential drop effect, for controlling the size of electrical leakage quantity.Wherein, the output terminal of adjustable electric potential relay RP connects input end and the ground wire of the first pilot lamp HL1 respectively.
In originally showing and testing, electric leakage demonstration needs and load R systematic position, and therefore the application also comprises the 3rd gauge tap S3.The input end of the 3rd gauge tap S3 connects the output terminal of earth leakage protective device RCD, and the output terminal of the 3rd gauge tap S3 connects the input end of thread changing device 2.
Control the first air switch DK1 and the second air switch DK2 disconnects, control the first gauge tap QS and earth leakage protective device RCD Operating In Persistent Current Mode, control the second gauge tap S2 and close, control the 3rd gauge tap S3 and disconnect.Regulate the effective resistance value of adjustable electric potential relay RP, and then control the size of electrical leakage quantity.When adjustable electric potential relay RP effective resistance value more hour, leakage current is larger.When leakage current is greater than the rated current of earth leakage protective device RCD, earth leakage protective device RCD breaking, circuit power-off.
The size of leakage current can show by the first pilot lamp HL1 intuitively, and when leakage current is larger, the first pilot lamp HL1 is brighter, otherwise leakage current is less, and the first pilot lamp HL1 is darker.
Because larger leakage current can cause injures and deaths to human body, electrical fire can be caused further.Therefore, the loss that the earth leakage protective device RCD being applicable to rated current can prevent personal injury and the property caused due to contact electric leakage is effectively installed.
The electrical fire simulation that the application provides shows that tryoff also includes the second pilot lamp HL2, and the second pilot lamp HL2 inputs the output terminal of termination earth leakage protective device RCD, and the second pilot lamp HL2 exports the input end of termination second gauge tap S2.When start to show test time, the second pilot lamp HL2 is bright, plays the simulation of instruction electrical fire and shows the object of tryoff duty.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.

Claims (10)

1. a tryoff is shown in electrical fire simulation, it is characterized in that, comprising:
First gauge tap; The thread changing device of built-in removable wire; Load; Fault control device; Load the casing of described first gauge tap, described thread changing device, described load and described fault control device;
The first input end be connected with live wire; The second input end be connected with zero line; Described first input end is connected the input end of described first gauge tap with described second input end, and the output terminal of described first gauge tap connects the input end of described thread changing device, and the output terminal of described thread changing device connects described load; Described fault control device and described load are arranged in parallel the output terminal at described thread changing device, and can by described load short circuits;
The working current of described load is less than the rated current of wire between first input end and the second input end.
2. tryoff is shown in electrical fire simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
First air switch, the output terminal of the first gauge tap described in the input termination of described first air switch, the input end of thread changing device described in the output termination of described first air switch;
The rated current of described first air switch equals the rated current of described thread changing device inside conductor.
3. tryoff is shown in electrical fire simulation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
Second air switch, the input end of described second air switch is connected to the output terminal of described first gauge tap, and described second air switch output terminal and described first air switch output terminal all connect the input end of described thread changing device;
The rated current of described second air switch is greater than the working current of described load.
4. tryoff is shown in electrical fire simulation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
Earth leakage protective device; Described earth leakage protective device and described second air switch are connected in the output terminal of described first gauge tap in parallel, the input end of thread changing device described in the output termination of described earth leakage protective device, described first air switch and described second air switch.
5. tryoff is shown in electrical fire simulation according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
Second gauge tap, described second gauge tap input end is connected with described earth leakage protective device output terminal.
6. tryoff is shown in electrical fire simulation according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
Adjustable electric potential relay; Described adjustable electric potential relay input end connects the fire wire output end of described second gauge tap, described adjustable electric potential relay output head grounding line.
7. tryoff is shown in electrical fire simulation according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
First pilot lamp, the input end of described first pilot lamp connects the zero line output terminal of described second gauge tap and the output terminal of described adjustable electric potential relay respectively.
8. tryoff is shown in electrical fire simulation according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
3rd gauge tap, the input end of described 3rd gauge tap connects the output terminal of described earth leakage protective device, and the output terminal of described 3rd gauge tap connects the input end of described thread changing device.
9. tryoff is shown in electrical fire simulation according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
Second pilot lamp;
The output terminal of earth leakage protective device described in described second pilot lamp input termination, described second pilot lamp exports the input end of the second gauge tap described in termination.
10. tryoff is shown in electrical fire simulation according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, described first gauge tap comprises air switch.
CN201520290932.4U 2015-05-06 2015-05-06 Tryoff is shown in a kind of electrical fire simulation Expired - Fee Related CN204596224U (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105280074A (en) * 2015-09-11 2016-01-27 中国汽车技术研究中心 Automobile electrical fire simulation experiment device and experiment method applying same
CN107644578A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-01-30 公安部四川消防研究所 One kind charing path electric discharge fire risk apparatus for demonstrating
CN107731069A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-02-23 公安部四川消防研究所 A kind of part core overload heating fire risk apparatus for demonstrating
CN112735238A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-30 杭州拓深科技有限公司 Multifunctional electric fire early warning demonstration box
CN112735247A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-30 杭州拓深科技有限公司 Electric fire demonstration system supporting polymorphic switching

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105280074A (en) * 2015-09-11 2016-01-27 中国汽车技术研究中心 Automobile electrical fire simulation experiment device and experiment method applying same
CN105280074B (en) * 2015-09-11 2019-01-25 中国汽车技术研究中心 Automobile electrical fire simulation experiment device and experiment method applying same
CN107644578A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-01-30 公安部四川消防研究所 One kind charing path electric discharge fire risk apparatus for demonstrating
CN107731069A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-02-23 公安部四川消防研究所 A kind of part core overload heating fire risk apparatus for demonstrating
CN107644578B (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-06-28 公安部四川消防研究所 A kind of charing path electric discharge fire risk apparatus for demonstrating
CN107731069B (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-06-28 公安部四川消防研究所 A kind of part core overload fever fire risk apparatus for demonstrating
CN112735238A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-30 杭州拓深科技有限公司 Multifunctional electric fire early warning demonstration box
CN112735247A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-30 杭州拓深科技有限公司 Electric fire demonstration system supporting polymorphic switching

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