CN204554792U - The fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device of multifuel combustion - Google Patents
The fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device of multifuel combustion Download PDFInfo
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- CN204554792U CN204554792U CN201520101251.9U CN201520101251U CN204554792U CN 204554792 U CN204554792 U CN 204554792U CN 201520101251 U CN201520101251 U CN 201520101251U CN 204554792 U CN204554792 U CN 204554792U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device of multifuel combustion, it comprises boiler, low-order coal pretreatment system and combustion system, and described boiler comprises burner hearth, be arranged on the upper strata burner of burner hearth side wall and lower floor's burner, horizontal flue, vertical well gas flue and be arranged on the air preheater of described vertical well gas flue; Described low-order coal pretreatment system comprises multiple high-temperature flue gas outlet, the pyrolysis oven be connected with the plurality of high-temperature flue gas outlet, is arranged on cooler below this pyrolysis oven, and the plurality of high-temperature flue gas outlet is positioned at the side wall of described horizontal flue; Described pulverized coal preparation system comprises semicoke coal pulverizer, raw coal coal pulverizer, and described semicoke coal pulverizer is connected with described upper strata burner, and described raw coal coal pulverizer is connected with described lower floor burner.
Description
Technical field
What the utility model belonged to coal utilizes field, particularly relates to a kind of fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device of multifuel combustion.
Background technology
The alkali metal content of low-order coal is very high, and major part all exists with water-soluble state or organic form.Its sodium content is (with Na
2o count) more than 5%, have even up to other coal less than 1.5% of 7%().And due to effects such as alkali-metal evaporation coalescences in combustion process, a large amount of superfine particulate matters will be produced, thus cause boiler to stain and slagging scorification, and the dust stratification initial stage that the thermophoretic forces of superfine particulate matter is deposited on heat exchanger surface plays leading role.Therefore, the power plant of burning low-order coal needs the continual ash that blows just can prevent heat exchanger dust deposition, and this operation for power plant is very unfavorable, brings a lot of potential safety hazard and economic damage to power plant.In order to avoid this phenomenon, power plant can only burn less or not burn low-order coal, and this is again a kind of waste for the huge low-order coal resource of reserves.Therefore need to find one practical, the convenient and safe technology using low-order coal.
Low-order coal and the difference of other coal on alkali and alkaline earth metal ions mainly contain Ca, the content of Na, Mg tri-kinds of elements and occurrence patterns, and these three kinds of elements are the principal elements affecting its dust deposition.Although the burning process at present for main alkali metal sodium is existing a lot, mainly for the removal of sodium or the method for controls local temperature, and do not exist for the method for the transition mechanisms of ash in combustion process.
At present high-temperature wash solution is mainly contained for the technology improving low-order coal dust deposition and take off sodium, pyrolysis absorption sodium, the solid sodium of mineral matter, transformation boiler structure etc.If publication date is on 02 23rd, 2012, publication number is in the Chinese patent application of CN102533383A, in this patent application, the circulatory system of boiler utilizes Power Plant Heat Source to heat water, and purifies de-sodium by water circulation to raw coal, makes it become fat coal and burns; If publication date is on September 24th, 2014, publication number is in the Chinese patent application of CN104061570A, and its method utilizes heat smoke pyrolysis, and with the sodium in sorbent pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis char all enter hearth combustion; If publication date is on December 04th, 2013, publication number is in the Chinese patent application of CN103421575A, its method evenly sprays a certain amount of polymeric aluminium-silica salting liquid containing aluminium and silicon components to generate the not volatile sodium-containing material of high temperature to low-order coal, thus reach the effect of solid sodium; If publication date is on 03 20th, 2013, publication number is in the Chinese patent application of CN202813354U, discloses a kind of flue gas recirculation that utilizes and reduces the active device of low-order coal contamination, utilize the backflow of cold flue gas to prevent the dust deposition of low-order coal.
The de-sodium of high-temperature wash solution (or water) adopts and adds some technology such as solution coal washing and high temperature high pressure process, and from device structure, technological process is complicated, and cost is higher.The technical characterstic of pyrolysis absorption sodium uses smoke gas pyrolysis coal, sodium in venting one's spleen by sorbing material heat of adsorption again, equipment is relatively simple, but, the behavior of sodium in coal in pyrolysis is very complicated, sodium discharges in vapour form from coal, needs higher temperature, and the cost of operating cost and adsorbent is very high.Gu the feature of sodium technology is that adding the mineral matters such as sial in coal makes sodium be converted into the salt of indissoluble, similar with other high-order coal mixed combusting technologies in principle, reduce the generation of fine particle by inorganic mineral interphase interaction in ash content, but mineral matter cost needed for this method is higher.And form low-temperature burning region by the structure of modification of boiler, its core is also reduce the generation of fine particle, and be reduced to below ash fusion point at flue gas temperature of hearth outlet, but the method needs to consider many factors, as low-load combustion-stabilizing, burn-off rate etc., fundamentally do not improve the ash formation of low-order coal.
Utility model content
In view of this, necessaryly provide a kind of technological process simple, with low cost, without the need to adding chemical reagent and can the device of effectively prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition.
A kind of fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device of multifuel combustion, it comprises boiler, low-order coal pretreatment system and combustion system, and described boiler comprises burner hearth, be arranged on the upper strata burner of burner hearth side wall and lower floor's burner, horizontal flue, vertical well gas flue and be arranged on the air preheater of described vertical well gas flue; Described low-order coal pretreatment system comprises multiple high-temperature flue gas outlet, the pyrolysis oven be connected with the plurality of high-temperature flue gas outlet, is arranged on cooler below this pyrolysis oven, and the plurality of high-temperature flue gas outlet is positioned at the side wall of described horizontal flue; Described pulverized coal preparation system comprises semicoke coal pulverizer, raw coal coal pulverizer, and described semicoke coal pulverizer is connected with described upper strata burner, and described raw coal coal pulverizer is connected with described lower floor burner.
In certain embodiments, the quantity of described multiple high-temperature flue gas outlet is 2.
In further embodiments, described pyrolysis oven is connected with described upper strata burner.
Compared with prior art, the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition utilizing the utility model to provide and the device of multifuel combustion carry out the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the method for multifuel combustion, first, the occurrence patterns of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions in semicoke is changed by pyrolysis, thus change mineral matter Transport in combustion, and by controlling with the multifuel combustion of raw coal powder, facilitate the coalescence process of boiler endoparticle thing and predecessor thereof, thus reduce the generation of fine particle in boiler, inhibit the initial stage dust stratification of heating surface; Secondly, by the control of pyrolytical condition, change pyrolysis char, especially the structure of coke, promote the inherent mineral matter of sub-micron in the collision coalescence of coke surface in coke combustion, thus reduce the generation of fine particle, suppress the initial stage dust stratification of heating surface further; 3rd, optimize technological process, make technological process simple, with low cost, without the need to adding chemical reagent, not needing other purifiers, and easily controlling, be easy to realize.4th, effectively suppressing on the basis of dust deposition of low-order coal, pyrolysis gas can play the effect of firing again.Finally, by setting up the advanced fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device of multifuel combustion, low-order coal can be used in coal fired power plant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition that provides of the utility model first embodiment and the method flow diagram of multifuel combustion.
Fig. 2 is the plane of the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition that provides of the utility model first embodiment and the device of multifuel combustion.
Fig. 3 is the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition that provides of the utility model second embodiment and the method flow diagram of multifuel combustion.
Fig. 4 is the plane of the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition that provides of the utility model second embodiment and the device of multifuel combustion.
Main element symbol description
| Boiler | 10 |
| Burner hearth | 11 |
| Horizontal flue | 12 |
| Vertical well gas flue | 13 |
| Air preheater | 14 |
| Low-order coal | 15 |
| High-temperature flue gas | 16 |
| Upper strata burner | 17 |
| Lower floor's burner | 18 |
| Low-order coal pretreatment system | 20 |
| High-temperature flue gas outlet | 21 |
| Pyrolysis oven | 22 |
| Cooler | 23 |
| Pulverized coal preparation system | 30 |
| Raw coal coal pulverizer | 31 |
| Semicoke coal pulverizer | 32 |
| Raw coal | 33 |
| The fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device of multifuel combustion | 100 |
Following detailed description of the invention will further illustrate the utility model in conjunction with above-mentioned accompanying drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments, the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition provided the utility model and the device of multifuel combustion are described in further detail.
The utility model first embodiment provides a kind of fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the method for multifuel combustion.Refer to Fig. 1, the fuel thermal decomposition of this prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the method for multifuel combustion comprise the following steps: (1) pyrolysis low-order coal generates pyrolysis char and pyrolysis gas; (2) grind pyrolysis char and raw coal respectively and form pyrolysis char powder and raw coal powder, then adopt the mode of stratified combustion to burn described pyrolysis char powder and raw coal powder.
In step (1), the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device 100 of multifuel combustion are provided.Refer to Fig. 2, the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device 100 of multifuel combustion comprise boiler 10, low-order coal pretreatment system 20 and pulverized coal preparation system 30.
Described boiler 10 comprises burner hearth 11, horizontal flue 12, vertical well gas flue 13, is arranged on the air preheater 14 of described vertical well gas flue 13 and is arranged on upper strata burner 17 and lower floor's burner 18 of burner hearth side wall.
Described low-order coal pretreatment system 20 comprises multiple high-temperature flue gas outlet 21, the pyrolysis oven 22 be connected with the plurality of high-temperature flue gas outlet 21, is arranged on cooler 23 below this pyrolysis oven 22.In the present embodiment, the quantity of described high-temperature flue gas outlet 21 is 2, is positioned at the side wall of described horizontal flue 12.
Described pulverized coal preparation system 30 comprises raw coal coal pulverizer 31, raw coal coal bunker (not shown), raw coal coal bunker (not shown), semicoke coal pulverizer 32, pyrolysis char warehouse (not shown), semicoke coal bunker (not shown).Described raw coal warehouse is connected with described raw coal coal pulverizer 31 with raw coal coal bunker, provides material can to raw coal coal pulverizer 31.Described pyrolysis char warehouse is connected with described semicoke coal pulverizer 32 with semicoke coal bunker, provides material can to semicoke coal pulverizer 32.Described semicoke coal pulverizer 32 is connected with described upper strata burner 17 by pulverized coal feed pipe; Described raw coal coal pulverizer 31 is connected with described lower floor burner 18 by pulverized coal feed pipe.
Described high-temperature flue gas outlet 21 is connected by the bottom of pipeline with described pyrolysis oven 22, described pyrolysis oven 22 is connected with described upper strata burner 17 by pipeline, described cooler 23 is connected with described pyrolysis oven 22, is provided with transport tape (not shown) between the pyrolysis char warehouse in described cooler 23 and described pulverized coal preparation system.
The top of low-order coal 15 from described pyrolysis oven 22 is sent into, high-temperature flue gas needed for pyrolysis is sent into from the bottom of pyrolysis oven 22, define with described low-order coal 15 and reverse-flow add thermal process reactor, namely, described high-temperature flue gas heats described low-order coal 15 in up process makes low order coal 15 pyrolysis under oxygen debt condition, generates pyrolysis char and pyrolysis gas.From high temperature flue-gas from boiler outlet 21, draw temperature at the high-temperature flue gas 16 of 700-900 DEG C, and regulate the temperature of high-temperature flue gas 16 by the exhaust gas volumn changing air preheater outlet.Because pyrolysis char under different temperatures has different coke characteristics, and the different occurrence patterns of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions, therefore, pyrolysis temperature is adjusted between optimum range 600-800 DEG C, pyrolysis time is approximately 30-60 minute, adopts moving bed pyrolysis reactor.
Pyrolysis gas is the product that cracking occurs under oxygen debt heating for fugitive constituent in low-order coal 15, under above-mentioned pyrolysis temperature, alkali and alkaline earth metal ions element is difficult to volatilize with gaseous material, so containing minute quantity alkali and alkaline earth metal ions element in pyrolysis gas, thus can as reburning fuel and flue gas recycled.Although pyrolysis gas is containing combustible component and the high-temperature flue gas as thermal source in the present embodiment, but still be a kind of effective fuel, this pyrolysis gas both directly can have been entered in burner hearth 11 by described upper strata burner 17 and burn, also as flue gas recycled, can realize the object of low nitrogen burning and prevention and control dust deposition simultaneously.
Described pyrolysis char enters in described cooler 23 and is cooled to normal temperature, and this cooler 23 adopts water-cooled, and the pyrolysis char of cooler outlet can be delivered to pyrolysis char warehouse by transport tape.
In step (2), grind pyrolysis char and raw coal respectively and form pyrolysis char powder and raw coal powder, then adopt the mode of stratified combustion to burn described pyrolysis char powder and raw coal powder.Described pyrolysis char through supercooling laggard enter pyrolysis char warehouse, enter semicoke coal bunker again, then semicoke coal pulverizer 32 is entered, grind through this semicoke coal pulverizer 32 and form pyrolysis char powder, raw coal 33 passes into raw coal coal pulverizer 31 to carry out grinding formation raw coal powder, then described pyrolysis char powder sprays into described burner hearth 11 from upper strata burner 17, and described raw coal powder sprays into described burner hearth 11 from lower floor's burner 18, and this pyrolysis char powder and raw coal powder burn in described burner hearth 11.
In multifuel combustion mode, multifuel combustion ratio is controling parameters important in running, and the ratio that pyrolysis char accounts for described pyrolysis char and raw coal 33 is that 20-40% is better.In the present embodiment, the ratio of described pyrolysis char is 30%.
The utility model second embodiment provides a kind of fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the method for multifuel combustion.Refer to Fig. 3, the fuel thermal decomposition of this prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the method for multifuel combustion comprise the following steps: (1) pyrolysis low-order coal generates pyrolysis char and pyrolysis gas; (2) mixture grinding pyrolysis char and raw coal forms the mixture of pyrolysis char powder and raw coal powder, grinds another part raw coal and forms raw coal powder, then adopts the mode of stratified combustion to burn the mixture of described pyrolysis char powder and raw coal powder and raw coal powder.
In second embodiment, the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition is substantially identical with the method for multifuel combustion with the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition in the first embodiment with the method for multifuel combustion, and main difference is step (2).See also Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, after described pyrolysis char cooling, enter semicoke coal pulverizer 32 through pyrolysis char warehouse and semicoke coal bunker.Then raw coal 33 is inputted described semicoke coal pulverizer 32 and be mixed to form mixture with described pyrolysis char.Then the mixture that this mixture forms pyrolysis char powder and raw coal powder is ground, afterwards the mixture of described pyrolysis char powder and raw coal powder is sprayed into described burner hearth 11 from upper strata burner 17, simultaneously, another part raw coal 33 enters raw coal coal pulverizer 31 and grinds, then spray into described burner hearth 11 from lower floor's burner 18, adopt the mode of stratified combustion to burn the mixture of described pyrolysis char powder and raw coal powder and raw coal powder.Wherein, pyrolysis char accounts for the ratio of described pyrolysis char and raw coal 33 is 30%.
Select different multifuel combustion modes according to different low-order coal 15, make its combination property reach best.The burning position of described pyrolysis char in burner hearth, by affect particle generation and and the particle that produces of former coal dust firing between collide coalescence, thus the dust stratification process affected in boiler, thus, rational multifuel combustion mode can effectively prevent dust deposition from being key in implementation process of the present utility model.
After the pyrolysis at a certain temperature of described low-order coal 15, the alkali and alkaline earth metal ions such as sodium, calcium element can to acid-soluble state and the migration of non-solvent, now alkali and alkaline earth metal ions in combustion Transport change, be easy to be adsorbed by alumino-silicate or collide coalescence and generate larger particle, thus the pyrolysis char fine particle produced that burns obviously reduces; The fine grained that former coal dust firing produces, bulky grain ash and gaseous contaminant to collide coalescence with the burn bulky grain thing that produces of pyrolysis char near burner, thus change the particle size distribution profiles of particle further, the generation of fine particle obviously reduces, thus reaches suppression initial stage dust stratification; According to dust stratification initial stage internal layer formation mechenism, fine particle is the main cause causing fouling of heating surface coking, and the generation therefore controlling fine particle can control the dust deposition process on heating surface.The pyrolysis gas that the present embodiment produces can as reburning fuel, form the fractional combustion of fuel, simultaneously due to the effect of high-temperature flue gas 16 circulation, the oxygen concentration of described burner hearth 11 combustion zone reduces, and causes combustion zone part anoxic, forms fractional combustion, thus the thermo parameters method that can control in boiler, reduce the temperature of overall flue gas and the thermograde in heating surface regional temperature boundary layer, reduce grey melting probability, and then reach the object of prevention and control dust deposition.
The fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition that the utility model embodiment provides and the method for multifuel combustion and device have following advantage: first, the occurrence patterns of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions in semicoke is changed by pyrolysis, thus change mineral matter Transport in combustion, and by controlling with the multifuel combustion of raw coal powder, facilitate the coalescence process of stove endoparticle thing and predecessor thereof, thus reduce the generation of fine particle in stove, inhibit the initial stage dust stratification of heating surface; Secondly, by the control of pyrolytical condition, change pyrolysis char, especially the structure of coke, promote the inherent mineral matter of sub-micron in the collision coalescence of coke surface in coke combustion, thus reduce the generation of fine particle, suppress the initial stage dust stratification of heating surface further; 3rd, optimize technological process, make technological process simple, with low cost, without the need to adding chemical reagent, not needing other purifiers, and easily controlling, be easy to realize.4th, effectively suppressing on the basis of dust deposition of low-order coal, pyrolysis gas can play the effect of firing again.Finally, by setting up the advanced fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device of multifuel combustion, low-order coal can be used in coal fired power plant.
In addition, those skilled in the art can also do other change in the utility model spirit, and these changes done according to the utility model spirit all should be included in the utility model scope required for protection.
Claims (3)
1. the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and a device for multifuel combustion, it comprises:
One boiler, this boiler comprises burner hearth, be arranged on the upper strata burner of burner hearth side wall and lower floor's burner, horizontal flue, vertical well gas flue and be arranged on the air preheater of described vertical well gas flue;
One low-order coal pretreatment system, low order Coal pretreatment system comprises multiple high-temperature flue gas outlet, the pyrolysis oven be connected with the plurality of high-temperature flue gas outlet, is arranged on cooler below this pyrolysis oven, and the plurality of high-temperature flue gas outlet is positioned at the side wall of described horizontal flue;
One pulverized coal preparation system, this pulverized coal preparation system comprises semicoke coal pulverizer, raw coal coal pulverizer, and described semicoke coal pulverizer is connected with described upper strata burner, and described raw coal coal pulverizer is connected with described lower floor burner.
2. the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition as claimed in claim 1 and the device of multifuel combustion, it is characterized in that, the quantity of described multiple high-temperature flue gas outlet is 2.
3. the fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition as claimed in claim 1 and the device of multifuel combustion, it is characterized in that, described pyrolysis oven is connected with described upper strata burner.
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| CN201520101251.9U CN204554792U (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2015-02-12 | The fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device of multifuel combustion |
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| CN201520101251.9U CN204554792U (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2015-02-12 | The fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the device of multifuel combustion |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105820843A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-03 | 华电重工股份有限公司 | Method for co-combusting dry-distilled crude gas or hydrogen production desorption gas thereof and semicoke |
| CN105987378A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-10-05 | 清华大学 | Method and device for fuel pyrolysis and co-combustion for preventing and controlling soot formation and coking of low-rank coal |
| CN109181723A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-11 | 南京理工大学 | Carbonization coupling coal fired power plants before a kind of stalk external combustion fair current bed furnace |
| CN109681860A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-26 | 新疆维吾尔自治区特种设备检验研究院 | A kind of system and method reducing the coking of high basic metal coal combustion |
-
2015
- 2015-02-12 CN CN201520101251.9U patent/CN204554792U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105987378A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-10-05 | 清华大学 | Method and device for fuel pyrolysis and co-combustion for preventing and controlling soot formation and coking of low-rank coal |
| CN105987378B (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2018-08-03 | 清华大学 | The fuel thermal decomposition of prevention and control low-order coal dust deposition and the method and device of multifuel combustion |
| CN105820843A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-03 | 华电重工股份有限公司 | Method for co-combusting dry-distilled crude gas or hydrogen production desorption gas thereof and semicoke |
| CN109181723A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-11 | 南京理工大学 | Carbonization coupling coal fired power plants before a kind of stalk external combustion fair current bed furnace |
| CN109681860A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-26 | 新疆维吾尔自治区特种设备检验研究院 | A kind of system and method reducing the coking of high basic metal coal combustion |
| CN109681860B (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2024-01-05 | 新疆维吾尔自治区特种设备检验研究院 | System and method for reducing combustion coking of high alkali metal coal |
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