CN204538928U - A kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine - Google Patents
A kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN204538928U CN204538928U CN201520283766.5U CN201520283766U CN204538928U CN 204538928 U CN204538928 U CN 204538928U CN 201520283766 U CN201520283766 U CN 201520283766U CN 204538928 U CN204538928 U CN 204538928U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine, comprise two rotor disks, stator and installation shaft; Stator comprises stator core and threephase armature winding; Composite permanet magnet magnetic pole is combined by the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of two pieces of axial magnetizeds and one piece of tangential magnetized Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet respectively; Two groups of adjacent composite permanet magnet magnetic pole magnetizing directions are contrary, and on two rotor disks, the composite permanet magnet magnetic pole magnetizing direction of relative position is identical.By controlling the magnetization and the direction of the adjustable Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet material of amplitude and direction of threephase armature winding direct-axis current vector pulse, thus making air-gap flux controlled, realizing wide region weak-magnetic speed-regulating.The utility model, under the prerequisite ensureing motor every key property, can realize weak-magnetic speed-regulating truly, is applicable to that axial dimension requirement is less, compact conformation, needs the associated drives occasion of weak magnetism speed expansion.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to magneto technical field, particularly a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of rare earth permanent-magnetic material performance, be able to fast development with the magneto that high efficiency, high power density are notable feature, be applied widely at a lot of industrial circle such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile.In various magneto, axial magnetic field permanent magnet motor, be also called disc type electric machine, not only there is the features such as axial dimension is short, volume is little, compact conformation, and due to its high torque density and high efficiency, in a lot of particular application, there is obvious superiority, become the focus of research, be mainly used in motion control, be specially adapted to axial dimension requirement less and have a large torque-demand directly drive occasion, as hub motor for electric automobile.
As the permagnetic synchronous motor driven, wish that the air-gap field of machine operation when low speed permanent torque district is enough high, have higher energy index; And machine operation is when high speed constant power district, permanent magnetism air-gap field should be able to be made to weaken enough low, make motor have wider speed adjustable range.Conventional axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine is due to the inherent characteristic of the permanent magnetic materials such as neodymium iron boron, and in motor, air-gap field keeps constant substantially, limits it directly drives occasion application in wide range speed controls such as such as electric automobiles.Current people are in order to keep magneto output-constant operation in wider velocity interval, and the numerous and confused weak magnetism speed expansion technology that adopts expands magneto power output at high speeds.In prior art, composite excitation scheme is mainly adopted to the scheme that magneto realizes weak magnetics detect, namely on the basis of conventional permanent magnet motor, a direct-flow magnet exciting coil is increased again, the magnetomotive force that this DC coil produces more than base speed, as demagnetization magnetic potential, reaches the object weakening magnetic flux.Although the program can reach the object weakening magnetic flux, need to increase direct-flow magnet exciting coil, the increase of copper loss can be caused, and then cause system to reduce in high velocity efficiency, and permanent magnet irreversible demagnetization may be caused.
Therefore, how to realize the adjustable study hotspot becoming machine field in recent years of air-gap field of magneto, one realizes air-gap field adjustment by changing permanent magnet magnetization level, is called as variable flux permanent magnet motor truly.Such motor adopts the permanent magnetic material of high remanent magnetism, low-coercivity--aluminium nickel cobalt, the d-axis armature magnetomotive force utilizing threephase stator winding to apply the generation of d-axis pulse current controls its magnetization, and its level of magnetization can be remembered, thus realize the flexible in air gap permanent magnet magnetic field, do not sacrificing under other performance index prerequisites of motor, achieving wide speed regulating range and run.Adjustable magnetic due to this motor is the magnetized state directly changing permanent magnet, instead of utilizes additional magnetomotive force to offset, and therefore can be described as the magneto that a kind of magnetic flux is truly controlled.
Southeast China University's woods crane cloud etc. proposes a kind of axial magnetic field Magneticflux-switching type surface-mount type permanent magnetism memory electrical machine, though this motor by applying different electric current on monophasic pulses if winding, realize motor gas-gap magnetic field adjustable, but this motor use only the relatively low Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet of coercive force, the maximum air gap magnetic flux of motor is difficult to the level reaching Nd-Fe-B permanent-magnet motor, and motor energy index is not fully up to expectations; Or in order to obtain enough magnetic fluxs, must adopt thicker permanent magnetic material, and increase magnetic and degaussing magnetic flux again by the air gap of motor, this just causes required adjustable magnetic pulsed magnetic kinetic potential comparatively large, increases coil volume.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine, hub motor for electric automobile high torque density and these two requirements of weak magnetism speed expansion can be met simultaneously, by controlling the magnetization and the direction of the adjustable Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet material of amplitude and direction of threephase armature winding direct-axis current vector pulse, thus make air-gap flux controlled, realize wide region weak-magnetic speed-regulating.
The utility model is for solving the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
According to a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine that the utility model proposes, comprise two rotor disks, stator and installation shaft, two rotor disks are symmetricly set on the both sides of stator, and stator and two rotor disks are coaxially installed on the mounting shaft; Wherein, the inner surface of described rotor disk is pasted with the many groups composite permanet magnet magnetic pole circumferentially distributed.
As the further prioritization scheme of a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine described in the utility model, described composite permanet magnet magnetic pole is combined by the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of two pieces of axial magnetizeds and one piece of tangential magnetized Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet, and described Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet is placed on the centre of two pieces of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets; Two groups of adjacent composite permanet magnet magnetic pole magnetizing directions are contrary, and on two rotor disks, the composite permanet magnet magnetic pole magnetizing direction of relative position is identical.
As the further prioritization scheme of a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine described in the utility model, the shape of described Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet is fan-shaped.
As the further prioritization scheme of a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine described in the utility model, described stator comprises stator core and threephase armature winding; Stator core comprises stator yoke and stator tooth, and stator tooth and stator yoke are assembled into cylindric, forms stator slot between adjacent stator tooth, threephase armature winding be arranged in stator slot and circle around on the stator teeth.
As the further prioritization scheme of a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine described in the utility model, described stator core is bilateral symmetry structure, and stator core is made up of silicon steel sheet, and threephase armature winding is non-overlapped concentratred winding pattern.
As the further prioritization scheme of a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine described in the utility model, described rotor disk is made up of non-magnet material.
The utility model adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technique effect:
(1) a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine that the utility model proposes, the advantage of disc-type permanent magnet motor and memory electrical machine concentrated by this motor, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet is added in rotor magnetic pole structure, regulate the magnetized state of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet by controlling threephase stator winding d-axis pulse current direction, thus regulate the air-gap field of motor.Meanwhile, the utility model electric machine structure remains disc-type permanent magnet motor compact conformation, feature that leakage field is little, easily manufactured, be well suited for the occasion being applied to slim installation, as Wheel hub for electric automobile drive motors etc.;
(2) when the utility model motor normally runs, it is close that Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet material has tangential direction of magnetization magnetic, then in conjunction with adjacent axial magnetized Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material, form Halbach concentrated magnetic structure, produce stronger air gap flux density, improves motor and exert oneself; When motor needs weak magnetism speed expansion, the d-axis pulse current applying a certain size carries out degaussing to aluminium nickel cobalt, the tangential magnetic of aluminium nickel cobalt weakens until be zero, and neodymium-iron-boron performance is unaffected, now motor becomes conventional axial magnetic field permanent magnet motor, without poly-magnetic effect, air gap flux density is weakened, thus obtains higher rotation speed;
(3) the threephase armature winding of the utility model motor adopts concentratred winding pattern, significantly reduces tip lengths, saves copper conductor material;
(4) the utility model rotor disk inner surface is pasted with high magnetic characteristics Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, and compared to the memory electrical machine of single employing compared with the Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet of low-coercivity, the maximum air gap magnetic flux of motor and torque density are greatly enhanced;
(5) on the utility model rotor disk, permanent magnet all adopts surface-mount type structure, adopts anaerobic adhesive that permanent magnet is pasted on panel surface, easily manufactured, considerably reduces the leakage field of motor, improves the utilance of permanent magnet; Meanwhile, surface-mount type mounting means is conducive to the heat radiation of motor permanent magnetic material, reduces heat waste, improves the operational efficiency of motor further;
(6) pole embrace of the utility model composite pole two kinds of permanent magnets affects air gap flux density and weak magnetic multiple, by reasonable distribution two kinds of permanent magnetic material sizes, can obtain best weak magnetic effect and optimum motor performance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composite permanet magnet pole wheel structural representation of motor embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the normal operating condition plane outspread drawing of the utility model motor.
Fig. 3 is the weak magnetic field operation state plane expanded view of the utility model motor.
Reference numeral in figure is interpreted as: 1-rotor disk, 2-Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, 3-Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet, 4-stator core, 5-stator tooth, 6-installation shaft.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail:
The composite permanet magnet pole wheel structural representation of motor embodiment of the present utility model as shown in Figure 1, a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine, comprise two rotor disk 1, stator and installation shaft 6, two rotor disks are symmetricly set on the both sides of stator, and stator and two rotor disks are coaxially installed on the mounting shaft; Wherein, the inner surface of described rotor disk is pasted with the many groups composite permanet magnet magnetic pole circumferentially distributed.
Described composite permanet magnet magnetic pole is combined by the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2 of two pieces of axial magnetizeds and one piece of tangential magnetized Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 3, and described Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet is placed on the centre of the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of two pieces of axial magnetizeds; Two groups of adjacent composite permanet magnet magnetic pole magnetizing directions are contrary, and on two rotor disks, the composite permanet magnet magnetic pole magnetizing direction of relative position is identical.
The shape of described Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet is fan-shaped.
Described stator comprises stator core 4 and threephase armature winding; Stator core comprises stator yoke and stator tooth 5, and stator tooth and stator yoke are assembled into cylindric, forms stator slot between adjacent stator tooth, threephase armature winding be arranged in stator slot and circle around on the stator teeth.
Described stator core is bilateral symmetry structure, and threephase armature winding is non-overlapped concentratred winding pattern.
Described stator core is made up of silicon steel sheet, and described rotor disk is made up of the non-magnet material of high mechanical properties.
This motor is axially two air gap permanent magnet synchronous machines of double rotor single stator structure.Wherein, two rotors adopt the tray type structure that structure is identical, comprise rotor disk 1, composite permanet magnet magnetic pole; Stator is the salient pole cylindrical structure of bilateral symmetry, comprises stator core and threephase armature winding.
Wherein: rotor disk 1 adopts high mechanical properties non-magnet material to make, inner surface is regularly pasted with 24 pieces of fan-shaped permanent magnetism magnetic poles, comprise Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2 and 12 pieces of tangential magnetized Al-Ni-Co permanent magnets 3 of 12 pieces of axial magnetizeds, two kinds of different materials permanent magnetism magnetic poles are spaced, adjacent Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic magnetic pole magnetizing direction is contrary, and permanent magnetism magnetic pole magnetizing direction relative on two rotor disks is identical.
Wherein: stator core 4 is made up of silicon steel sheet, be assembled into cylindric by stator tooth 5 together with stator yoke, stator tooth 5 protrudes to rotor direction, and form stator slot between adjacent stator tooth 5, stator threephase armature winding is arranged in stator slot, and circle is around on stator tooth 5.Threephase armature winding adopts non-overlapped concentratred winding pattern, and this winding type has termination portion advantage short, easy to process; Three-phase windings symmetry is placed, and is provided with lead-out wire, in order to apply three-phase alternating current.
The permagnetic synchronous motor operation principle of said structure is as follows:
As shown in Figure 2, when motor normally runs, it is close that Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 3 has tangential direction of magnetization magnetic, then in conjunction with adjacent axial magnetized Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material, and form Halbach permanent magnetism concentrated magnetic structure, now motor has stronger air gap flux density, and motor is exerted oneself height;
As shown in Figure 3, when motor needs weak magnetism speed expansion, the d-axis pulse current that threephase armature winding applies a certain size carries out degaussing to aluminium nickel cobalt, the tangential magnetic of aluminium nickel cobalt weakens until be zero, and neodymium-iron-boron performance is unaffected, now motor becomes conventional axial magnetic field permanent magnet motor, without poly-magnetic effect, weaken air gap flux density, and then reach the effect of weak magnetism speed expansion.
Described Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet has very high residual flux density and coercive force, can ensure the air gap flux density that motor is stronger; Described Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet has very high residual flux density but very low coercive force, is easily magnetized by external magnetic field.Described rotor disk is made up of the nonmagnetic substance of high mechanical properties, and described stator is arranged between two symmetric rotor dishes and forms axially two air gap motor, and stator comprises stator core and threephase armature winding; Stator core is bilateral symmetry structure, be assembled into cylindric, and stator core is made up by stator tooth together with stator yoke of silicon steel sheet, forms stator slot between adjacent stator tooth;
Described threephase armature winding adopts non-overlapped concentratred winding pattern, and winding termination portion is shorter, and consumption is few, and copper loss is few, and this kind of winding type simple structure, easy to process.The d-axis armature magnetomotive force that the magnetized state of described Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet is produced by the d-axis pulse current of threephase armature winding controlled.The size of described Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet and Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet, by optimal design, makes two kinds of permanent magnets reasonable coordination on magnetic property, thus reaches the double optimization target of high torque density and wide speed regulating range.
The above is only preferred implementation of the present utility model; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the utility model principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. a composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine, is characterized in that, comprise two rotor disks, stator and installation shaft, two rotor disks are symmetricly set on the both sides of stator, and stator and two rotor disks are coaxially installed on the mounting shaft; Wherein, the inner surface of described rotor disk is pasted with the many groups composite permanet magnet magnetic pole circumferentially distributed.
2. a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described composite permanet magnet magnetic pole is combined by the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of two pieces of axial magnetizeds and one piece of tangential magnetized Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet, and described Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet is placed on the centre of two pieces of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets; Two groups of adjacent composite permanet magnet magnetic pole magnetizing directions are contrary, and on two rotor disks, the composite permanet magnet magnetic pole magnetizing direction of relative position is identical.
3. a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the shape of described Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet is fan-shaped.
4. a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described stator comprises stator core and threephase armature winding; Stator core comprises stator yoke and stator tooth, and stator tooth and stator yoke are assembled into cylindric, forms stator slot between adjacent stator tooth, threephase armature winding be arranged in stator slot and circle around on the stator teeth.
5. a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described stator core is bilateral symmetry structure, and stator core is made up of silicon steel sheet, and threephase armature winding is non-overlapped concentratred winding pattern.
6. a kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rotor disk is made up of non-magnet material.
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| CN201520283766.5U CN204538928U (en) | 2015-05-05 | 2015-05-05 | A kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine |
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| CN201520283766.5U CN204538928U (en) | 2015-05-05 | 2015-05-05 | A kind of composite permanet magnet controllable flux axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous machine |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104795956A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-07-22 | 南京信息工程大学 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor with composite permanent magnets, controllable magnetic flux and axial magnetic field |
| CN108365722A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-03 | 郑州轻工业学院 | A kind of bidirectional modulation formula grid shape weak-magnetic speed-regulating permanent magnetic synchronous motor structure |
| CN110120716A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-13 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of combination array formula outer rotor axial and radial mixing behavior magnetic flow permanent magnet motor |
| CN114123586A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-01 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Variable magnetic flux axial flux motor |
-
2015
- 2015-05-05 CN CN201520283766.5U patent/CN204538928U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104795956A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-07-22 | 南京信息工程大学 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor with composite permanent magnets, controllable magnetic flux and axial magnetic field |
| CN108365722A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-03 | 郑州轻工业学院 | A kind of bidirectional modulation formula grid shape weak-magnetic speed-regulating permanent magnetic synchronous motor structure |
| CN110120716A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-13 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of combination array formula outer rotor axial and radial mixing behavior magnetic flow permanent magnet motor |
| CN114123586A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-01 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Variable magnetic flux axial flux motor |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150805 Termination date: 20170505 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |