CN204342893U - A kind of rare earth molten salt electrolytic producing rare earth metal and alloy - Google Patents
A kind of rare earth molten salt electrolytic producing rare earth metal and alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN204342893U CN204342893U CN201420648564.1U CN201420648564U CN204342893U CN 204342893 U CN204342893 U CN 204342893U CN 201420648564 U CN201420648564 U CN 201420648564U CN 204342893 U CN204342893 U CN 204342893U
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Abstract
Produce a fused-salt bath for rare earth metal and alloy, it is characterized in that, its negative electrode and anode all have be parallel to each other, opposed facing vertical surface; Described negative electrode is provided with the above platy structure of two rows, often arranges platy structure and is provided with at least one negative plate separately; The inwall of described anode and electrolyzer is placed in electrolyzer at intervals, the linear arrangement of described anode, many rows anode is arranged in parallel, negative electrode is corresponding arranged in parallel with it, and the bottom of electrolyzer is provided as the adaptor that DC electrolysis product separates out the rare earth metal then fallen along negative electrode on negative electrode with inlaying.The utility model current efficiency is high, blow-on ionogen consumption is little, graphite unit consumption is low, long service life, can expand single device capacity, significantly reduce energy consumption of unit product and produce constant product quality, low, the non-stopping property of production cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of fused-salt bath producing rare earth metal and alloy, specifically a kind of molectron be made up of cell body, rectangular-shaped anode, plate-like cathodes, the especially rare earth molten salt electrolytic of more than 30KA.
Background technology
Present stage, about the method for producing rare earth metal and alloy, be mainly fluoride smelt salt rare earth oxide electrolytic process, its electrolyzer adopted mainly contains following several structure:
The clear 61-253391 of Japanese Patent, metallic substance such as cell lining pressure tungsten, molybdenum etc. is made, and because the material such as tungsten, molybdenum is oxidizable in high temperature environments, this electrolyzer is the closed cell of filling with inert gas protection;
The clear 62-146291 of Japanese Patent, cell lining is iron or stainless material, and when producing single rare earth metal, metal product is vulnerable to pollute;
Chinese patent CN85100748A, cell lining is overall graphite, and liner outside is made up of graphite linings, irony overcoat and thermal insulation layer, because liner is that overall graphite is made, so the scale of this electrolyzer is subject to the restriction of graphite size;
Chinese patent application No.98194785.8, cell lining is built by laying bricks or stones by the graphite block with emboss pit, and outside is carbonaceous or the knotting of carbonaceous compound layer, flame-proof thermal insulation material, structured metal layer and thermal insulation layer.This electrolyzer can be built by laying bricks or stones according to scale, less expensive, but electrolyzer power line is even not respectively, makes raw material easily be deposited in the edge of cell body, and blow-on ionogen consumption is large, and then affects the unit consumption of current efficiency and graphite anode.
Chinese patent CN103290434A, cell lining is built by laying bricks or stones by the graphite block with emboss pit, and outside is carbonaceous or the knotting of carbonaceous compound layer, flame-proof thermal insulation material, structured metal layer and thermal insulation layer.The sidewall of cell body is mutually connected by the arc surface of two or more to surround closed form, and cell body is non-hermetic type, and this electrolyzer can be built by laying bricks or stones according to scale, but be greater than 20KA electrolyzer and build difficulty by laying bricks or stones, and work-ing life is short.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of fused-salt bath producing rare earth metal and alloy, its current efficiency is high, blow-on ionogen consumption is little, graphite unit consumption is low, long service life, can expand single device capacity, significantly reduce energy consumption of unit product and produce constant product quality, low, the non-stopping property of production cost.
Another one object of the present utility model is to provide a kind of fused-salt bath producing rare earth metal and alloy, and it can solve, and rare earth molten salt electrolytic maximizes, energy-conservation structural limitation problem.
For this reason, the utility model provides a kind of fused-salt bath producing rare earth metal and alloy, it is characterized in that, its negative electrode and anode all have be parallel to each other, opposed facing vertical surface; Described negative electrode is provided with the above platy structure of two rows, often arranges platy structure and is provided with at least one negative plate separately; The inwall of described anode and electrolyzer is placed in electrolyzer at intervals, the linear arrangement of described anode, many rows anode is arranged in parallel, negative electrode is corresponding arranged in parallel with it, and the bottom of electrolyzer is provided as the adaptor that DC electrolysis product separates out the rare earth metal then fallen along negative electrode on negative electrode with inlaying.
Preferably, described vertical surface is two dimensional structure or curved-surface structure; A described anode arrangement row more than the platy structure of described negative electrode, the array often arranging described anode is flake graphite anode or carbon annode; And/or at least one of them is made up of tungsten plate, molybdenum plate or miramint plate for described plate-like cathodes and anode.
Preferably, described metal adaptor is niobium slab integral crucible.
Preferably, in the structure of described crucible lining tungsten plate, molybdenum plate or miramint plate.
Preferably, the cover plate of electrolytic cell body is also comprised; Electrolytic cell body is smash knot layer, interior protection steel bushing, refractory insulating layer, metal-coating and stiffening web by graphite inner container, carbon and is built nested forming from inside to outside by laying bricks or stones; Electrolyzer inner bag is square by polylith, arc graphite cake is spliced; Cell body sidepiece, sealed bottom; And/or the upper surface of electrolyzer inner bag opens wide.
Preferably, described graphite inner container is spliced by the high-density graphite plate of surface processing accuracy IT8-9; The carbon of described graphite inner container outside is smash the material tying layer and is made up of cold paste of smashing; Graphite inner container and smash knot layer top be covered with anti oxidation layer, anti oxidation layer is made up of refractory castable and corundum block; The degree of depth that negative electrode inserts anode is 30-1000mm; And/or the pole span between cathode and anode is 20-420mm.
Preferably, described plate-like cathodes is connected with negative electrode conducting copper afterwards by welding with steel plate or copper coin or crimp; And/or negative electrode conducting copper is placed in Height Adjustable cathode carrier.
Preferably, be placed in electrolyzer non-press close to the rectangular parallelepiped anode of cell body, fixed by conducting plates and special anode conduction rack.
Preferably, the adaptor of rare earth metal is rectangle or square; Electrolyzer inner bag is mutually connected by polylith graphite planar and surrounds closed form; The degree of depth that negative electrode inserts anode is 20-1000mm.
The utility model additionally provides a kind of fused-salt bath producing rare earth metal and alloy, and in above technical scheme, the position of negative electrode changes anode into, and the position of anode changes negative electrode into.
According to fused-salt bath of the present utility model, current efficiency is high, blow-on ionogen consumption is little, graphite unit consumption is low, long service life, can expand single device capacity, significantly reduce energy consumption of unit product and produce constant product quality, low, the non-stopping property of production cost.
According to fused-salt bath of the present utility model, rare earth molten salt electrolytic maximization, energy-conservation structural limitation problem can be solved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of the fused-salt bath according to production rare earth metal of the present utility model and alloy;
Fig. 2 is the front view of the fused-salt bath according to production rare earth metal of the present utility model and alloy.
Embodiment
According to the fused-salt bath of production rare earth metal of the present utility model and alloy, comprise electrolytic cell body, negative electrode 6, anode 7, receptor, cover plate.Cell body smashes knot layer 4, interior steel bushing 3, refractory insulating layer 2 by graphite inner container 5, carbon, metal-coating 1 is nested from inside to outside forms, and electrolyzer inner bag 5 is mutually connected by polylith graphite planar and surrounds closed form, and electrolyzer inner bag upper surface is opening; The top of graphite inner container 5 is covered with anti oxidation layer; Negative electrode 7 and receptor are made up of tungsten, molybdenum or miramint, and negative electrode 7 selects slab construction, and anode 6 is rectangular parallelepiped, and anode 6 is parallel with 7, negative electrode, and vertical plane is arranged.Negative electrode 7 is two or more rows, and anode 6 is more than three rows or three arrange.Fluoride smelt salt composition range of choice is: 75-98%REF
3, 2-25%LiF.Pass into direct current, electrolysis temperature is 700-1300 DEG C, and negative electrode 7 current density is 0.5-6A/cm
2, anode 6 current density is 0.3-2A/cm
2, depth of penetration is at 20-1000mm, and pole span is 20-420mm.Electrolysate rare earth metal is separated out on negative electrode 7, then falls in adaptor along negative electrode 7.
According to rare earth molten salt electrolytic of the present utility model, adopt negative electrode, anode planes parallel, vertical upper plug type structure, cathodic overvoltage and fused salt resistance can be reduced, reduce uncovered area, thus realize keeping electrolyzer energy balance when reducing energy input, meet the temperature condition needed for electrolysis.
According to rare earth molten salt electrolytic of the present utility model, comprise electrolytic cell body, negative electrode, anode, receptor, cover plate, electrolytic cell body smashes knot layer by graphite inner container, carbon, protection steel bushing, refractory insulating layer, metal-coating and stiffening web are built by laying bricks or stones from inside to outside and formed, it is characterized in that: electrolyzer inner bag is square by polylith, arc graphite cake is spliced, base plate embedded with metal adaptor, and cell body sidepiece, sealed bottom, top is open type; Negative electrode and positive electrode is that face is parallel, and vertical plane is arranged, negative electrode is n row (n >=2), and anode is m row (m=n+1).
Described graphite inner container is spliced by the high-density graphite plate of surface processing accuracy IT8-9;
The material that the carbon of described graphite inner container outside smashes knot layer is made up of cold paste of smashing: be covered with anti oxidation layer in graphite inner container and the top of smashing knot layer, anti oxidation layer is made up of refractory castable and corundum block; Negative electrode, anode adopt face parallel vertical upper plug type to arrange, its depth of penetration continuously adjustabe within the scope of 30-1000mm, and the pole span between cathode and anode changes within the scope of 20-420mm; Metal adaptor is the geometrical shape such as rectangle, square.
The fused-salt bath of described production rare earth metal and alloy, the cathode current density of its work is 0.5-6.0A/cm
2, anodic current density is 0.3-2A/cm
2, electrolysis temperature is 700-1300 DEG C.
The utility model is used in the production of more than 30KA capacity fluoride system rare earth molten salt.
Claims (10)
1. produce a fused-salt bath for rare earth metal and alloy, it is characterized in that, its negative electrode and anode all have be parallel to each other, opposed facing vertical surface; Described negative electrode is provided with the above platy structure of two rows, often arranges platy structure and is provided with at least one negative plate separately; The inwall of described anode and electrolyzer is placed in electrolyzer at intervals, the linear arrangement of described anode, many rows anode is arranged in parallel, negative electrode is corresponding arranged in parallel with it, and the bottom of electrolyzer is provided as the adaptor that DC electrolysis product separates out the rare earth metal then fallen along negative electrode on negative electrode with inlaying.
2. fused-salt bath as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vertical surface is two dimensional structure or curved-surface structure; A described anode arrangement row more than the platy structure of described negative electrode, often arranging described anode is flake graphite anode or carbon annode; And/or at least one of them is made up of tungsten plate, molybdenum plate or miramint plate for described plate-like cathodes and anode.
3. fused-salt bath as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described metal adaptor is niobium slab integral crucible.
4. fused-salt bath as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, in the structure of described crucible lining tungsten plate, molybdenum plate or miramint plate.
5. fused-salt bath as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise the cover plate of electrolytic cell body; Electrolytic cell body is smash knot layer, interior protection steel bushing, refractory insulating layer, metal-coating and stiffening web by graphite inner container, carbon and is built nested forming from inside to outside by laying bricks or stones; Electrolyzer inner bag is square by polylith, arc graphite cake is spliced; Cell body sidepiece, sealed bottom; And/or the upper surface of electrolyzer inner bag opens wide.
6. fused-salt bath as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described graphite inner container is spliced by the high-density graphite plate of surface processing accuracy IT8-9; The carbon of described graphite inner container outside is smash the material tying layer and is made up of cold paste of smashing; Graphite inner container and smash knot layer top be covered with anti oxidation layer, anti oxidation layer is made up of refractory castable and corundum block; The degree of depth that negative electrode inserts anode is 30-1000mm; And/or the pole span between cathode and anode is 20-420mm.
7. fused-salt bath as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described plate-like cathodes is connected with negative electrode conducting copper afterwards by welding with steel plate or copper coin or crimp; And/or negative electrode conducting copper is placed in Height Adjustable cathode carrier.
8. fused-salt bath as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, be placed in electrolyzer non-press close to the rectangular parallelepiped anode of cell body, fixed by conducting plates and special anode conduction rack.
9. fused-salt bath as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the adaptor of rare earth metal is rectangle or square; Electrolyzer inner bag is mutually connected by polylith graphite planar and surrounds closed form; The degree of depth that negative electrode, anode insert is 20-1000mm.
10., as the fused-salt bath of claim 1-9 as described in one of them, it is characterized in that, the position of negative electrode changes anode into, and the position of anode changes negative electrode into.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420648564.1U CN204342893U (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2014-11-03 | A kind of rare earth molten salt electrolytic producing rare earth metal and alloy |
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| CN201420648564.1U CN204342893U (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2014-11-03 | A kind of rare earth molten salt electrolytic producing rare earth metal and alloy |
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| CN204342893U true CN204342893U (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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| CN201420648564.1U Expired - Fee Related CN204342893U (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2014-11-03 | A kind of rare earth molten salt electrolytic producing rare earth metal and alloy |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109440139A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-08 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | A kind of double cup type ceramic crucibles and preparation method thereof for molten salt electrolysis of metals refining |
-
2014
- 2014-11-03 CN CN201420648564.1U patent/CN204342893U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109440139A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-08 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | A kind of double cup type ceramic crucibles and preparation method thereof for molten salt electrolysis of metals refining |
| CN109440139B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-03-30 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Double-cup type ceramic crucible for metal molten salt electrolytic refining and preparation method thereof |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150520 Termination date: 20211103 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |