CN204272131U - A kind of generation system of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State - Google Patents
A kind of generation system of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State Download PDFInfo
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- CN204272131U CN204272131U CN201420732164.9U CN201420732164U CN204272131U CN 204272131 U CN204272131 U CN 204272131U CN 201420732164 U CN201420732164 U CN 201420732164U CN 204272131 U CN204272131 U CN 204272131U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of generation system of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, this system is made up of single-photon source, spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit, spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element and feedback compensation unit.Spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit adopts polarization beam apparatus, Polarization Controller and Q-plate phase-plate to obtain spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon; Described separative element is by two beam splitters, and two completely reflecting mirrors and two dove prisms realize being separated of unconverted horizontal polarization single photon and spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon; Feedback compensation unit adopts two completely reflecting mirrors and Polarization Controller to be realized further transforming by horizontal polarization light feedback transmission to the spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit not occurring to transform.The utility model achieves the Efficient Conversion of highly purified spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, reduces system cost and communication bit error rates, enhances the fail safe of system.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to optical communication and quantum information field, is specifically related to a kind of generation system of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State.
Background technology
Just recognize as far back as people in 1909, photon can carry spin angular momentaum, spin angular momentaum is relevant to the circular polarization state of photon, Left-hand circular polarization state | L> and right-hand circular polarization state | and R>, as the eigenstate of spin angular momentaum operator, carries respectively
spin angular momentaum, therefore, utilize the spin angular momentaum of photon can build a two-dimentional Hilbert space, and by information coding in this two-dimensional space.But until 1992, the Allen team of Univ Leiden Netherlands just proves that photon can carry the angular momentum-photon trajectory angular momentum of another kind of form theoretically first, and research shows, containing the orbital angular momentum determined in each single photon
wherein l is the characteristic quantity subnumber of orbital angular momentum, arbitrary integer can be got, the orbital angular momentum exponent number that l value different times table is different, orthogonal each other between orbital angular momentum due to different rank, therefore utilize photon trajectory angular momentum can by information coding in a higher-dimension Hilbert space as the carrier of information.Research also finds, the light beam carrying orbital angular momentum not only has unique dynamics and orbital angular momentum topological structure, but also there is special spiral type wavefront structure and light field phase singularity, this has important research in quantum information agreement and free space optical communication field and is worth.Afterwards, the orbital angular momentum of photon starts the study hotspot becoming optical field.Therefore, people are devoted to study the method that various generation has orbital angular momentum light beam.
At present; the generation of orbital angular momentum mainly contains following several method: a, mode converter method: be made up of two cylindrical lenses; comprise π phase converter and pi/2 phase transducer; Laguerre-Gauss mould is obtained by high-order Hermite-Gauss mode; the method conversion efficiency is high; but simultaneously also high to the requirement on machining accuracy of optics, and not easily control kind and the parameter of orbital angular momentum light beam flexibly.B, helical phase sheet method: adopt helicon band plate or holographic optics change-over panel to be Laguerre Gaussian beam by Gaussian Beam Transformation, here helicon band plate or holographic optics change-over panel need special processing, and light beam is also larger through these optical element conversion losses.C, calculating holography method: computer-generated hologram phase plate is when there being a branch of Gauss light incident, and generation is had orbital angular momentum by the diffraction first order
laguerre-Gaussian beam.If holographic technique and spatial light modulator correlation technique are combined, the diffraction grating of programmable can be produced, this method can regulate and control wild trajectory angular momentum state more easily, but there is very strict constraints, and will gross distortion with light beam exponent number rising gained light beam.
Method based on above-mentioned generation orbital angular momentum light beam also comes with some shortcomings, this is because, in quantum information agreement, quantum state and Quantum Entangled States are core and the marrow of whole quantum information, and said method all effectively cannot obtain orbit angular momentum state and the orbital angular momentum Entangled State of single photon level, strongly limit its potential application in the middle of quantum information agreement.Therefore, the orbit angular momentum state light beam of single photon level becomes the important directions of people's research.Recently, the people such as the Marrucci of Naples university of Italy find, the Q-plate of a kind of Inhomogeneous Anisotropic utilizing liquid crystal to make can realize the conversion of spin angular momentaum to orbital angular momentum cleverly, produces the spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State of same photon.Utilize spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, the Hilbert space of a more higher-dimension can be built, realize High Dimensional Quantum States (qudits) coding, this is in quantum information field, as quantum teleportation, quantum-key distribution, quantum calculation etc. all play an important role, not only the coding/decoding capability of recruitment subchannel the fail safe of information can also be improved.But yet there are some problems in actual applications in Q-plate.On the one hand, due to the restriction of device material performance, its mixing Entangled State transformation efficiency is not also very high, on the other hand, light beam is after the effect of Q-plate, and spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State and spin angular momentaum two kinds of angular momentum states of different nature exist simultaneously, wants the higher-dimension quantum entanglement characteristic making full use of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, must try every possible means to make the two be separated, to obtain highly purified spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to solve above deficiency, and provide a kind of generation system of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, this system achieves the Efficient Conversion of high-purity spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, reduces system cost.
The technical scheme taked to realize the utility model object is: a kind of generation system of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, comprises single-photon source, spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit, spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element and feedback compensation unit; Described single-photon source is for generation of horizontal polarization single photon, described spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit is for realizing the conversion of spin of photon angular momentum to orbital angular momentum, obtain spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon, the horizontal polarization single photon that described spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element is used for not occurring to transform is separated with spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon, and described feedback compensation unit is used for the isolated horizontal polarization single photon feedback transmission not occurring to transform to described spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit; Described single-photon source comprises laser and attenuator; Described spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit comprises the polarization beam apparatus, the first Polarization Controller and the Q-plate phase-plate that connect successively; Described polarization beam apparatus is used for by light different for polarization direction separately, described first Polarization Controller is used for all polarization single photon regulation and control passed through to export as horizontal polarization single photon, and the horizontal polarization single photon that described Q-plate phase-plate is used for the first Polarization Controller exports is converted into spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon; Described spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element comprises the first beam splitter, and the light beam by it is divided into the first light beam and the second light beam by described first beam splitter; Described first path, light beam place is provided with the first dove prism and the first completely reflecting mirror successively; Described second path, light beam place is provided with the second completely reflecting mirror and the second dove prism successively; The intersection of described first light beam and the second light beam is provided with the second beam splitter; Described feedback compensation unit comprises the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, the second Polarization Controller and the 4th completely reflecting mirror that set gradually; The described horizontal polarization single photon not occurring to transform arrives the 3rd completely reflecting mirror through described second beam splitter, and described second Polarization Controller is used for all polarised light regulation and control passed through to export as orthogonal polarized light.
Wherein single-photon source is mainly for generation of the horizontal polarization single photon required for system.
Further, described Q-plate phase-plate is Pancharatnam-Berry phase-plate, and it is made up of single axial birefringence nematic liquid crystal material.
Further, described first dove prism and the second dove prism are oppositely arranged, and spatially have angle.
Further, the splitting ratio of described first beam splitter is 50:50, and the splitting ratio of described second beam splitter is 50:50.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1, generation system configuration of the present utility model is simple, easy to use, by utilizing the transformation of Q-plate, the stalling characteristic of dove prism in conjunction with feedback compensation mode, achieve the Efficient Conversion of high-purity spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, obtain highly purified spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon; This system achieves recycling of single-photon source light beam, reduces system cost, improves generation efficiency, and the higher-dimension quantum entanglement characteristic of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State is fully utilized;
2, use single photon pulses and quantum mixing Entangled State in the utility model, improve communication code check and reduce the error rate, enhancing the fail safe of system;
3, use orbital angular momentum in the utility model, more information can be carried, High Dimensional Quantum States coding can be realized;
4, the utility model can produce highly purified spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, use this high-purity to mix Entangled State and carry out quantum communications and the quantum calculation error rate is low, and very little by the impact of experiment condition restriction and inevitable ambient noise.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State of the present utility model produces system;
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram that spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State of the present utility model produces system;
Fig. 3 is the transforming principle schematic diagram of the Q-plate in the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element in the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the isoboles of Fig. 4 separative element;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the Polarization Controller in spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the Polarization Controller in feedback compensation unit of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is described further:
Shown in accompanying drawing 1 to accompanying drawing 7, a generation system for spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, this system comprises single-photon source 10, spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit 11, spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element 12 and feedback compensation unit 13.
Described single-photon source 10 comprises laser and attenuator, for generation of the horizontal polarization single photon required for system, as the input signal of system.Described spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit 11 is connected with single-photon source 10, for realizing the conversion of spin of photon angular momentum to orbital angular momentum, thus obtains spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon.Described spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element 12 is connected with spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit 11, for realizing being separated unconverted horizontal polarization single photon and spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon.Described feedback compensation unit 13 is connected with spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit 11 and spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element 12 respectively, for realizing, the horizontal polarization light feedback transmission not occurring to transform is returned spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit 11, the horizontal polarization light not occurring to transform is transformed again.
Wherein spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit 11 comprises polarization beam apparatus 110, first Polarization Controller 111 and Q-plate phase-plate 112 that connect successively.Described polarization beam apparatus 110 is for separating the light in different polarization direction.Polarization Controller 111 is used for regulating and controlling polarised light, all regulates and controls to export all polarised lights by polarization beam apparatus 110 for horizontal polarization light.Described Q-plate (QP) 112 is a kind of novel Pancharatnam-Berry phase-plates, be made by single axial birefringence nematic liquid crystal material, QP is a kind of media environment in particular cases of simulation, this medium is uneven and is anisotropic, light and liquid crystalline phase mutual effect in the medium, according to phase place principle and the birefringent characteristic of uniaxial liquid crystal, liquid crystal only plays the role of an intermediary.Utilize QP can realize the conversion of light beam to orbital angular momentum light beam of spinning, and this input spin control the wavefront helicity of orbital angular momentum.
Wherein spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element 12 comprises the first beam splitter 120, its splitting ratio is 50:50, for light beam is divided into two-beam, to form the first beam path and the second beam path, first beam path is provided with successively the first dove prism 121 and the first completely reflecting mirror 122, second beam path is provided with successively the second completely reflecting mirror 123 and the second dove prism 124, the end of described first beam path and the end intersection of the second beam path are provided with the second beam splitter 125, and its splitting ratio is 50:50.Described completely reflecting mirror 122,123 for folded light beam, to change the transmission path of light beam.With reference to shown in accompanying drawing 5, when the relative angle of the first dove prism and the second dove prism is α, the effect of dove prism is equivalent to and the first beam path adds Beam rotation device (the Beam Rotator that the anglec of rotation is 2 α wherein, BR), thus make the light beam containing phase term exp (il φ) produce corresponding phase difference on two beam paths, and there is destructive interference at the second beam splitter 125 place.The spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon obtained after the second beam splitter 125 exports from system output, and the horizontal polarization photon not occurring to transform occurs to increase interference mutually at the second beam splitter 125 place, then enter after the second beam splitter 125 in feedback compensation unit 13 and realize transforming again.
Wherein feedback compensation unit 13 comprises the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 130, second Polarization Controller 131 and the 4th completely reflecting mirror 132.Described Polarization Controller 131 is between completely reflecting mirror 130 and 132.Described completely reflecting mirror 130,132 for folded light beam, to change the transmission path of light beam.All polarised lights passed through, for regulating and controlling the input polarization light reflected back through the 3rd full-reflector 130, all regulate and control to export for orthogonal polarized light by described Polarization Controller 131.
The specific works principle that the utility model produces system is as follows: step 201: in this system, single-photon source 10 produces horizontal polarization single photon | H>; Step 202: each horizontal polarization single photon | H> enters spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit 11, transmitted through polarization beam apparatus 110, photon enters Polarization Controller 111, as shown in Figure 6, all polarised lights by it are all regulated to horizontal polarization light by Polarization Controller 111 | and H> exports, through the regulation and control of Polarization Controller 111, reentering and be mapped to Q-plate phase-plate 112, by horizontal polarization single photon | H> is converted into spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon | ψ >
hybrid.With reference to shown in accompanying drawing 3, Q-plate phase-plate is in polar coordinate system, and direction of optic axis distribution is expressed as:
wherein, q and α
0be two fixed constants, and q=1/2, α
0=0.In single photon space, the effect of Q-plate can describe by a quantum operator:
because the eigenstate of Q-plate is circular polarization state, horizontal state of polarization is expanded into circular polarization state:
therefore, after Q-plate effect, incident horizontal polarization photon | H> will be converted into spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photonic quantum state form:
on the other hand, due to the material behavior of Q-plate own, still having the horizontal polarization photon of component permeate Q-plate | H> is unconverted is the form of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State.Step 203: unconverted horizontal polarization single photon | H> and spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon | ψ >
hybridenter spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element 12, by the first beam splitter 120.Shown in accompanying drawing 4 and accompanying drawing 5, the photon arrived on it is divided into two-way by beam splitter 120, described dove prism 121,124 lays respectively on the first beam path and the second beam path, when the relative angle of two prisms is α, the effect of dove prism 121,124 is equivalent to and a beam path adds the Beam rotation device BR that the anglec of rotation is 2 α wherein, thus makes the orbit angular momentum state containing phase term exp (il φ) on two beam paths, produce the phase difference of δ=2l α.
Beam rotation device BR to the action principle of orbital angular momentum light beam is: when separative element input state is | in>=|0>|1>, wherein, | 0>, | 1> represents vacuum state and single-photon state respectively, then output state after Beam rotation device
Wherein get
Therefore carry | l=1> and | there is destructive interference at beam splitter 125 place in the mixing Entangled State photon of l=-1> orbital angular momentum, by the D from separative element
2outlet exports, and now output obtains
namely Entangled State is mixed; And the horizontal polarization light do not transformed can see the state photon that orbital angular momentum quantum number is 0 as, namely | l=0>, occurs at beam splitter 125 place to increase mutually and interferes the D from separative element
1outlet exports.
After spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element 12, spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon | ψ >
hybriddirectly export from the output of system, step 204: and unconverted horizontal polarization photon | H> enters feedback compensation unit 13, unconverted horizontal polarization single photon | after H> enters feedback compensation unit 13, successively by the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 130, Polarization Controller 131 and the 4th completely reflecting mirror 132, with reference to shown in accompanying drawing 7, all polarised light regulation and control by it export as orthogonal polarized light by Polarization Controller 131, by horizontal polarization single photon | H> is regulated to vertical polarization single photon | V>, then vertical polarization single photon | V> enters spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit 11 again through polarization beam apparatus 110, repeat step above, the polarized photon not occurring to transform is made to be further converted to spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon, thus the high conversion completing high-purity spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State produces.
The utility model achieves the Efficient Conversion of high-purity spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, reduces the cost of system, substantially increases generation efficiency.
The announcement of book and instruction according to the above description, the utility model those skilled in the art can also change above-mentioned execution mode and revise.Therefore, the utility model is not limited to embodiment disclosed and described above, also should fall in the protection range of claim of the present utility model modifications and changes more of the present utility model.In addition, although employ some specific terms in this specification, these terms just for convenience of description, do not form any restriction to the utility model.
Claims (4)
1. a generation system for spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State, is characterized in that, comprises single-photon source, spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit, spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element and feedback compensation unit;
Described single-photon source is for generation of horizontal polarization single photon, described spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit is for realizing the conversion of spin of photon angular momentum to orbital angular momentum, obtain spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon, the horizontal polarization single photon that described spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element is used for not occurring to transform is separated with spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon, and described feedback compensation unit is used for the isolated horizontal polarization single photon feedback transmission not occurring to transform to described spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit;
Described single-photon source comprises laser and attenuator;
Described spin-orbit angular momentum conversion unit comprises the polarization beam apparatus, the first Polarization Controller and the Q-plate phase-plate that connect successively; Described polarization beam apparatus is used for by light different for polarization direction separately, described first Polarization Controller is used for all polarization single photon regulation and control passed through to export as horizontal polarization single photon, and the horizontal polarization single photon that described Q-plate phase-plate is used for the first Polarization Controller exports is converted into spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon;
Described spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State separative element comprises the first beam splitter, and the light beam by it is divided into the first light beam and the second light beam by described first beam splitter; Described first path, light beam place is provided with the first dove prism and the first completely reflecting mirror successively; Described second path, light beam place is provided with the second completely reflecting mirror and the second dove prism successively; The intersection of described first light beam and the second light beam is provided with the second beam splitter;
Described feedback compensation unit comprises the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, the second Polarization Controller and the 4th completely reflecting mirror that set gradually; The described horizontal polarization single photon not occurring to transform arrives the 3rd completely reflecting mirror through described second beam splitter, and described second Polarization Controller is used for all polarised light regulation and control passed through to export as orthogonal polarized light.
2. the generation system of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Q-plate phase-plate is Pancharatnam-Berry phase-plate, and it is made up of single axial birefringence nematic liquid crystal material.
3. the generation system of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first dove prism and the second dove prism are oppositely arranged, and spatially have angle.
4. the generation system of spin-orbit angular momentum mixing Entangled State according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the splitting ratio of described first beam splitter is 50:50, and the splitting ratio of described second beam splitter is 50:50.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106768312A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-31 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Thermal light source non-localized object discriminating conduct and system |
| WO2020135787A1 (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-02 | 华南师范大学 | Orbital angular momentum generating apparatus and method for polarization modulation of orbital angular momentum |
| CN116107130A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-05-12 | 四川大学 | Quantum enhancement method and device for macroscopic quantum entangled state |
-
2014
- 2014-11-28 CN CN201420732164.9U patent/CN204272131U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106768312A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-31 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Thermal light source non-localized object discriminating conduct and system |
| WO2020135787A1 (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-02 | 华南师范大学 | Orbital angular momentum generating apparatus and method for polarization modulation of orbital angular momentum |
| CN116107130A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-05-12 | 四川大学 | Quantum enhancement method and device for macroscopic quantum entangled state |
| CN116107130B (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-06-23 | 四川大学 | Quantum enhancement method and device for macroscopic quantum entangled state |
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Effective date of registration: 20200115 Address after: 510000 room A105, first floor, ladder a, No. 11, banglu Road, Science City, Guangzhou high tech Industrial Development Zone, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Guangdong Yukopod Technology Development Co., Ltd. Address before: 510006 No. 378 West Ring Road, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Panyu District Patentee before: South China Normal University |