CN204243180U - A kind of circular polarized antenna of horizontal omnidirectional radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of circular polarized antenna of horizontal omnidirectional radiation, comprise horizontal polarization antenna dipole array, perpendicular polarization monopole antenna and power division network, radiation direction of the present utility model is a kind of omnidirectional antenna towards horizontal plane, the similar a kind of apple form of its directional diagram, the utility model is different from traditional vertical radiation directional aerial, the signal of its transmitting and receiving is horizontal direction, can be used for ground communication, simultaneously, because circular polarized antenna can receive the electromagnetic wave of various polarised direction, therefore, the utility model is with the obvious advantage in flatly wave communication.

Description

A kind of circular polarized antenna of horizontal omnidirectional radiation

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of circular polarized antenna of horizontal omnidirectional radiation, belongs to Antenna Design and manufacturing technology field.

Background technology

At present, traditional omnidirectional circular-polarized antenna, its principle, mainly divides following two classes:

1. adopt the permutation and combination of multiple circular polarized antenna unit, each circular polarized antenna unit covers certain deflection, and multiple like this unit is combined by certain mode, realizes the circular polarization of omnidirectional.

2. adopt the antenna with omnidirectional radiation characteristic, by feed-in circularly polarised wave or other modes, realize the Circular polarized omni-directional of antenna.The antenna of the first type is in the majority with the conformal circular polarized antenna that guided missile is applied.The second antenna, also comprises: (1) is single around axial mode helical antenna; (2) constant amplitude is loaded with vertically and the current cross of quadrature in phase the axial circular poliarizing antenna that dipole produces; (3) be separated by space by two homophase crossed dipoless the circular polarized antenna formed.

These traditional antennas above-mentioned are all circular polarized antennas, and antenna structure is simple, and owing to being all communicate with satellite, therefore the directional diagram of antenna is all axial, and namely on the vertical direction of antenna, gain is maximum.

At present, most of traditional circular polarized antenna is all that vertical direction is launched or Received signal strength, and what its radiation direction was perpendicular to horizontal plane receives the signal of satellite to facilitate, and the main lobe of its directional diagram is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of antenna.

Such as, application number be CN201420248500.2 patent discloses a kind of antenna, its antenna body comprises grounding parts, the first connecting portion extended from grounding parts and the second connecting portion and the first arm extended respectively from the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion and the second arm, first arm comprises from the first connecting portion in the horizontal direction towards the first transverse arm that the second connecting portion extends, from the first transverse arm vertically towards grounding parts extend the first vertical arm and from the first vertical arm in the horizontal direction towards second connecting portion extend the second transverse arm, the first gap is formed between first arm and grounding parts, second arm comprise from the second connecting portion vertically away from grounding parts extend the second vertical arm and from the second vertical arm in the horizontal direction towards first connecting portion extend the 3rd transverse arm, the second gap is formed between 3rd transverse arm and the second transverse arm, second transverse arm is the 3rd between transverse arm and grounding parts, the free terminal of the second vertical arm is signal feed-in point.

Such as, application number be CN201320882403.4 patent discloses a kind of antenna, comprise: ground plane, wideband radiating elements, feed and ground connection leg, wherein, this wideband radiating elements to be arranged on ground plane and to comprise feed point, this feed point has the first impedance, this feed is used at feed point place feeding wideband radiating elements, this feed has the second impedance, this ground connection leg extends that between wideband radiating elements and ground plane the first impedance ground is matched to the second impedance, and this ground connection leg is coupled to wideband radiating elements in the mode of electric capacity.

Vertical direction radiator antenna structure traditional at present generally has several: one is adopt microstrip structure, for producing the characteristic of circular polarization, micro-strip paster antenna cuts diagonal angle; Two is the structures adopting helical antenna or helix array.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of circular polarized antenna that can overcome the horizontal omnidirectional radiation of above-mentioned technical problem.

The circular polarized antenna of a kind of horizontal direction radiation of the present utility model is for receiving and launching the transmitting and receiving signal that antenna is therewith positioned at same level, the working frequency range of the circular polarized antenna of a kind of horizontal direction radiation of the present utility model is L frequency range, be 1.6GHz, bandwidth 40MHz in embodiment of the present utility model.Antenna of the present utility model is a kind of cube structure, is made up of respectively three parts, i.e. horizontal polarization antenna dipole array, perpendicular polarization monopole antenna and power division network.Theoretical according to antenna polarization, two kinds of constant amplitudes and the horizontal polarization of quadrature in phase and the antenna of perpendicular polarization synthesize circular polarized antenna, so, the directional diagram of the utility model antenna is similar to the directional diagram of monopole antenna, be horizontal omnidirectional antenna, its effect is the circularly polarised wave signal in reception or emission level direction.

The utility model is for transmitting and receiving horizontal direction signal, the utility model is a kind of cube structure, the utility model is made up of three parts, and the utility model comprises the horizontal polarization antenna dipole array, perpendicular polarization monopole antenna and the power division network that link together.Antenna can be designed to different frequency according to different instructions for uses, the antenna of not same polarization (left-hand circular polarization or right-handed circular polarization).

The radiation direction of the utility model antenna is a kind of omnidirectional antenna towards horizontal plane, the utility model is different from traditional vertical radiation directional aerial, the signal of its transmitting and receiving is horizontal direction, can be used in ground communication, simultaneously, because circular polarized antenna can receive the electromagnetic wave of various polarised direction, therefore, the utility model is with the obvious advantage in flatly wave communication.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the circular polarization antenna array of the utility model one embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the power division network of the circular polarized antenna of the utility model one embodiment;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the antenna element of horizontal polarization dipole in the circular polarization antenna array of the utility model one embodiment;

Fig. 4 is the direction schematic diagram of four port levels poliarizing antenna battle arrays of the utility model one embodiment;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the return loss S11 of the circular polarized antenna of the utility model one embodiment;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the axial ratio of the circular polarized antenna of the utility model one embodiment;

Fig. 7 is the direction schematic diagram of the circular polarized antenna of the utility model one embodiment;

Wherein, Fig. 7 (a) is the directional diagram in 1600MHz circular polarized antenna Z-X face, and Fig. 7 (b) is the directional diagram of 1600MHz circular polarized antenna X-Y plane);

Fig. 8 is the detailed construction schematic diagram of the circular polarization antenna array of the utility model one embodiment;

Wherein, 1-medium substrate; 2-horizontal polarization dipole antenna unit; 3-horizontal polarization dipole antenna unit; 4-horizontal polarization dipole antenna unit; 5-horizontal polarization dipole antenna unit; 6-perpendicular polarization monopole antenna; 7-perpendicular polarization monopole antenna feedback point; 8-perpendicular polarization monopole antenna ground plate; 9-horizontal polarization dipole distributing point; 10-horizontal polarization dipole distributing point; 11-horizontal polarization dipole distributing point; 12-horizontal polarization dipole distributing point;

Fig. 9 is the further explanatory drawings of the circular polarized antenna power division network of the utility model one embodiment;

Wherein, 13-circular polarized antenna input/output interface; 14-connects the interface of vertical polarized antenna; 15-connects the interface of horizontally-polarized antenna; 16-connects the interface of horizontally-polarized antenna; 17-connects the interface of horizontally-polarized antenna; 18-connects the interface of horizontally-polarized antenna;

Figure 10 is the further explanatory drawings of horizontal polarization dipole antenna elements in the circular polarized antenna of the utility model one embodiment;

Wherein, 19-horizontal-doublet antenna unit arm; 20-through hole; 21-antenna element feed line; 22-horizontal-doublet antenna unit arm; 23-horizontal-doublet antenna unit Ba Lun; 24-antenna medium substrates; 25-antenna ground plate.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in detail.

The utility model is the circular polarized antenna of a kind of reception and emission level direction polarization ripple; The utility model is made up of three parts, comprises the horizontal polarization antenna dipole array, perpendicular polarization monopole antenna and the power division network that link together.As shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figure 2, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the antenna element of horizontal polarization dipole in circular polarization antenna array to described power division network to the structure of described horizontal polarization antenna dipole array and described perpendicular polarization monopole antenna.

Fig. 8 is the detailed construction schematic diagram of the circular polarization antenna array of utility model one embodiment, in Fig. 8,2,3,4,5 is the micro-strip dipole antenna of four horizontal polarizations, the square substrate of antenna is FR4 material, the micro-strip dipole antenna of four horizontal polarizations, centered by square substrate, is distributed on four edge directions of square substrate.The arrangement mode of this antenna is equivalent to a round battle array, and therefore, the micro-strip dipole antenna of four horizontal polarizations forms the horizonally-polarized array of an omnidirectional, and its directional diagram as shown in Figure 4.The feedback point of the micro-strip dipole antenna of four horizontal polarizations is respectively 9,10,11,12.

In Fig. 8, the center of quadrant antenna battle array is perpendicular polarization monopole antenna, wherein, 7 is vertical polarized antenna body, and 8 is the grounded part of vertical polarized antenna.

Horizonally-polarized array is connected by power division network (as shown in Figure 9) with vertical polarized antenna, puts 13 input/outputs finally by the feedback in Fig. 9.

Power division network forms the operation principle of circular polarized antenna according to being: at acquisition circularly polarised wave, synthesized by two vectors, and the necessary amplitude of two vectors is equal, orthogonal space, and phase difference therebetween differs 90 °.

Work as E _1m=E _2m, $\mathrm{\δ}=\±\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{2}$ Time, composite wave for circularly polarised wave.

Wherein, E ₁(t) and E ₂t () is the vector of two linear polarization signals;

E _1m(t) and E _2mt () is the amplitude of two linear polarization signals;

with for unit vector;

ω is the angular frequency of vector signal;

δ is the phase difference of two linear polarization signals.

For the detailed description of the micro-strip dipole antenna unit of horizontal polarization, as shown in Figure 10,19 and 22 two the resonant antenna arms being respectively dipole antenna, 21 is feed line, and 23 is microstrip balun line, and 24 is matrix substrate, and 25 is ground plate, and 20 is through hole.Antenna arm 19, microstrip balun line 23 and ground plate 25 are all in matrix substrate bottom, and feed line 21 is in matrix substrate top layer, and bottom is connected by through hole 20 with the feed line of top layer.Each micro-strip dipole antenna input impedance is:

$Z_{\mathrm{in}}=\frac{Z_d{Z}_b}{Z_d+Z_b}---\left(1\right)$

In formula: Z _dfor the equiva lent impedance of dipole antenna arm 19,22;

Z _bfor the equiva lent impedance of microstrip balun line 23.

$Z_d=120(\ln \frac{{8l}_d}{b_d}-1)[\frac{\sinh \left({2\mathrm{\αl}}_d\right)-(\mathrm{\α}/\mathrm{\β})\sin \left({2\mathrm{\βl}}_d\right)}{\cosh \left({2\mathrm{\αl}}_d\right)-\cos \left({2\mathrm{\βl}}_d\right)}-j\frac{\left(\frac{\mathrm{\α}}{\mathrm{\β}}\right)\sinh \left({2\mathrm{\αl}}_d\right)+\sin \left({2\mathrm{\βl}}_d\right)}{\cosh \left({2\mathrm{\αl}}_d\right)-\cos \left({2\mathrm{\βl}}_d\right)}]---\left(2\right)$

In formula: α and β is respectively attenuation constant and the phase-shift constant of dipole surface electric current, b _dand l _dbe respectively dipole antenna arm 19, wide and long, according to the basic theories of microstrip line, its equiva lent impedance is:

Z _b＝jZ _abtankL (3)

In formula $k=\frac{2\mathrm{\π}}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_e}$ For wave number;

λ _efor effective wavelength, can be determined by center of antenna frequency;

L is the length of microstrip balun line 23;

Z _abfor the equivalent features impedance of co-planar waveguide formed owing to cracking between dipole element two-arm.

In Figure 10, the resonance frequency of the micro-strip dipole antenna of horizontal polarization is primarily of the length l of dipole antenna arm _ddetermine.

In Fig. 8, the impedance of four distributing points of horizonally-polarized array is 50 ohm, four distributing points are connected with 15,16,17,18 interfaces in power division network (as shown in Figure 9) by 50 ohm coaxial lines, and the distributing point 7 of the monopole antenna of the perpendicular polarization in Fig. 8 is connected with the interface 14 of Fig. 9 power division network.The effect of power division network is up to the standard by power division and impedance matching that polarized wave is equal with perpendicular polarization wave-amplitude, the object of orthogonal space, makes horizontal polarized wave and vertically polarized wave phase difference 90 ° by the feed line length of interface 14 in regulatory work subnetwork.

Omnidirectional circular-polarized antenna of the present utility model is different from conventional circular polarization antenna, and the radiation direction of its antenna is horizontal direction 360 °.Its direction as shown in Figure 4.Fig. 8 is that the antenna array structure of an embodiment of the present utility model describes in detail, the square of antenna array to be a length of side be 110mm.In fig. 8, antenna array of the present utility model is PCB structure, and medium substrate 1 is polytetrafluoro acetylene plate, and the thickness of substrate is 1.6mm.The top layer of substrate and bottom are respectively shoe copper cash, the thickness 0.018mm of line, medium substrate is mainly used to support level polarized dipole antenna array, the bottom of substrate is dipole antenna body, microstrip balun and ground plate, the antenna brachium of dipole antenna is 34mm, wide 5mm, the long 25mm of microstrip balun, wide 8mm, the top layer of substrate is microstrip-fed line, live width is 3mm, therefore the impedance of distributing point is 50 ohm, vertical monopole is quarter-wave monopole antenna, and distributing point is 7, and ground plate is 8.

Fig. 9 is the power division network connecting antenna array, and its connected mode is the feedback point interface 14,15,16,17,18 in middle distributing point 7,9,10,11, the 12 difference connection layout 9 of Fig. 8.In the power division network of Fig. 9, devise impedance transformation microstrip line, meanwhile, the length of adjustment connecting interface 14 microstrip line, reaches the object of circular polarized antenna.Figure 10 is horizontal polarization dipole antenna unit.

Fig. 5 is the experimental data figure of the return loss S11 of the circular polarized antenna of the utility model one embodiment according to Fig. 8, Fig. 9, and as seen from the figure, when the return loss of antenna is less than or equal to-10dB, frequency is 1400 ~ 1800MHz.

Fig. 6 is the axial ratio experimental data figure of the circular polarized antenna of the utility model one embodiment according to Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Fig. 7 (a) is the directional diagram in 1600MHz circular polarized antenna Z-X face, Fig. 7 (b) is the directional diagram of 1600MHz circular polarized antenna X-Y plane, can find out from figure, antenna is omnidirectional antenna at X-Y plane.

The above; be only embodiment of the present utility model; but protection range of the present utility model is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the utility model scope of disclosure; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed in the protection range of the utility model claim.

Claims (3)

1. a circular polarized antenna for horizontal omnidirectional radiation, is characterized in that, comprises the horizontal polarization antenna dipole array, perpendicular polarization monopole antenna and the power division network that link together.

2. the circular polarized antenna of a kind of horizontal omnidirectional radiation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the circular polarized antenna of described horizontal omnidirectional radiation is a kind of cube structure.

3. the circular polarized antenna of a kind of horizontal omnidirectional radiation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the circular polarized antenna of described horizontal omnidirectional radiation is horizontal omnidirectional antenna.