CN204031033U - A kind of multi-phase permanent motor governing system based on switching mutually - Google Patents
A kind of multi-phase permanent motor governing system based on switching mutually Download PDFInfo
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- CN204031033U CN204031033U CN201420466057.6U CN201420466057U CN204031033U CN 204031033 U CN204031033 U CN 204031033U CN 201420466057 U CN201420466057 U CN 201420466057U CN 204031033 U CN204031033 U CN 204031033U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of multi-phase permanent motor governing system based on switching mutually.This system comprises the first and second inverters, commutation circuit, the first and second circuit breakers, and multi-phase permanent motor; Multi-phase permanent motor is two cover three-phase winding constructions; The three-phase output end of the first inverter connects respectively the three-phase forward end of the first set winding of motor, the three-phase negative end of first set winding connects respectively the three-phase forward end of the second cover winding of motor by commutation circuit, the three-phase negative end of the second cover winding connects respectively the three-phase output end of the second inverter; The first and second inverters are respectively by two DC power supply independently, and the first and second circuit breakers are separately positioned on the cold end of the DC bus of the first and second inverters; Commutation circuit is for adjusting the connected mode of the first and second cover windings, thus the opposite potential of adjustment motor.The utility model can improve the serious forgiveness of speed adjustable range, speed governing flexibility and the governing system of magneto.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to technical field of motors, more specifically, relates to a kind of multi-phase permanent motor governing system based on switching mutually.
Background technology
At present, in low-pressure high-power, high-performance and high reliability application scenarios such as Ship Propeling, electric locomotive and industrial traction, have high torque density and quality, efficient, wide range speed control than and the motor driven systems of strong fault tolerance ability be the focus that people study.
Study and show both at home and abroad, permanent magnet motor system has high torque density, efficient feature, makes its optimal selection that progressively becomes modern industry drive system, especially in electric automobile industry.But in the electric drive systems such as electric automobile, direct-drive type Digit Control Machine Tool, working speed scope demand is very wide, therefore, in meeting system high efficiency, high torque density requirement, system should possess certain speed adjustable range.Because the air-gap field of magneto is provided by permanent magnet, be comparatively fixedly difficult to regulate, work as rise of rotational speed, back-emf in stator winding also rises thereupon, in the time that rotating speed reaches certain value, due to the capacity limit of inverter, inverter cannot continue to motor feed.Therefore, in the time that rotating speed exceedes inverter capacity restriction tachometer value, need some technology to carry out speed governing, existing speed adjusting technique is mainly by applying stator d-axis demagnetizing current (weak magnetoelectricity stream), produce a magnetic field contrary with permanent magnetic field, thereby weakening air-gap field, and then realize weak-magnetic speed-regulating.
Publication number is the field weakening control method that the Chinese patent application of CN102651626A discloses a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor, regulate the direct-axis voltage command value of its output and the maximum voltage value of inverter output to calculate the command value of motor quadrature-axis voltage by motor straight shaft current, ensure that electric moter voltage reaches maximum between weak magnetic area, this kind of method is conducive to solve ac-dc axis current coupling in weak magnetic control system and the undesirable problem of system control effect that causes, and improves voltage utilization.But, the magnetic field cancellation producing due to d-axis demagnetizing current a part of permanent magnetic field realize weak magnetic, increased the risk of permanent magnet irreversible demagnetization, thereby affected life-span and the stability of system; Direct-axis current is limited to the weak magnetic regulating power in magnetic field simultaneously, and speed adjustable range and motor body structure have much relations.
Utility model content
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the utility model provides a kind of multi-phase permanent motor governing system based on switching mutually, its object is to improve the serious forgiveness of speed adjustable range, speed governing flexibility and the governing system of magneto, solves thus the technical problem of short, poor stability of the magneto life-span causing due to permanent magnet irreversible demagnetization.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of multi-phase permanent motor governing system, it is characterized in that, comprises the first inverter, the second inverter, commutation circuit, the first circuit breaker, the second circuit breaker and multi-phase permanent motor; Described multi-phase permanent motor is two cover three-phase winding constructions; Described the first inverter and the second inverter are made up of controlled thyristor; The three-phase output end of described the first inverter connects respectively the three-phase forward end of the first set winding of described multi-phase permanent motor, the three-phase negative end of described first set winding connects respectively the three-phase forward end of the second cover winding of described multi-phase permanent motor by described commutation circuit, the three-phase negative end of described the second cover winding connects respectively the three-phase output end of described the second inverter; Described the first inverter and the second inverter are respectively by two DC power supply independently, and described the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker are separately positioned on the cold end of the DC bus of described the first inverter and the second inverter.
Preferably, described commutation circuit comprises the first to the 15 switch; The negative end of the first-phase winding of described first set winding connects the forward end of the first-phase winding of described the second cover winding successively by the described first to the 3rd switch, the negative end of the second-phase winding of described first set winding connects the forward end of the second-phase winding of described the second cover winding successively by described the 4th to the 6th switch, the negative end of the third phase winding of described first set winding connects the forward end of the third phase winding of described the second cover winding successively by described the 7th to the 9th switch; Between the common port of the negative end of the first-phase winding of described first set winding and described the 4th switch and the 5th switch, be connected by described the tenth switch, the negative end of the second-phase winding of described first set winding close with described minion and the common port of the 8th switch between be connected by described the 11 switch, between the common port of the negative end of the third phase winding of described first set winding and described the first switch and second switch, be connected by described twelvemo pass; Between the forward end of first-phase winding of described the second cover winding and the common port of described the 5th switch and the 6th switch, be connected by described the 13 switch, between the forward end of second-phase winding of described the second cover winding and the common port of described the 8th switch and the 9th switch, be connected by described the 14 switch, between the forward end of third phase winding of described the second cover winding and the common port of described second switch and the 3rd switch, be connected by described the 15 switch.
In general, the above technical scheme of conceiving by the utility model compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1, connect the double winding of multi-phase permanent motor by commutation circuit, in conjunction with phase handoff technique, can under fast state, significantly reduce the back-emf of multi-phase permanent motor, thereby significantly improve the expansion speed scope of system, also avoided the risk of permanent magnet demagnetization, increased the life-span of system simultaneously.
2, by the initial phase difference between two Y windings of design multi-phase permanent motor, simultaneously in conjunction with phase handoff technique, can make multi-phase permanent motor meet the expansion speed scope demand that actual system is different, greatly improve magneto speed governing flexibility.
3, introduce two cover inverters, when a set of inverter or certain phase winding break down therein, another set of inverter and other winding can work on, and have therefore improved the serious forgiveness of governing system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the multi-phase permanent motor governing system based on switching mutually of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is commutation circuit topological structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the space phase schematic diagram of multi-phase permanent motor double winding;
Fig. 4 is the schematic vector diagram that the each winding of multi-phase permanent motor switches mutually;
Fig. 5 is the control strategy schematic diagram of the multi-phase permanent motor governing system based on switching mutually of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the working state schematic representation of commutation circuit.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.In addition,, in each execution mode of described the utility model, involved technical characterictic just can combine mutually as long as do not form each other conflict.
As shown in Figure 1, the multi-phase permanent motor governing system of the utility model embodiment comprises: the first inverter, the second inverter, commutation circuit, the first circuit breaker G1, the second circuit breaker G2 and multi-phase permanent motor.Wherein, multi-phase permanent motor is two cover three-phase winding constructions.The three-phase output end of the first inverter connects respectively the three-phase forward end of first set winding, the three-phase negative end of first set winding connects respectively the three-phase forward end of the second cover winding by commutation circuit, the three-phase negative end of the second cover winding connects respectively the three-phase output end of the second inverter.The first inverter and the second inverter are respectively by two DC power supply independently, and the cold end of the DC bus of the first inverter and the second inverter arranges respectively the first circuit breaker G1 and the second circuit breaker G2.Controller connects respectively the first inverter, the second inverter, commutation circuit, the first circuit breaker G1 and the second circuit breaker G2, controller is by controlling commutation circuit, the first and second inverters, and the first and second circuit breaker G1 and G2 control the mode of operation of multi-phase permanent motor.
As shown in Figure 2, commutation circuit comprises first to the 15 switch S 1～S15.The negative end X1 of the first-phase winding of first set winding connects the forward end A2 of the first-phase winding of the second cover winding successively by first to the 3rd switch S 1～S3, the negative end Y1 of the second-phase winding of first set winding connects the forward end B2 of the second-phase winding of the second cover winding successively by the 4th to the 6th switch S 4～S6, the negative end Z1 of the third phase winding of first set winding connects the forward end C2 of the third phase winding of the second cover winding successively by the 7th to the 9th switch S 7～S9.Between the common port of the negative end X1 of the first-phase winding of first set winding and the 4th switch S 4 and the 5th switch S 5, be connected by the tenth switch S 10, the negative end Y1 of the second-phase winding of first set winding and minion are closed between the common port of S7 and the 8th switch S8 and are connected by the 11 switch S 11, between the common port of the negative end Z1 of the third phase winding of first set winding and the first switch S 1 and second switch S2, are connected by twelvemo pass S12.Between the forward end A2 of first-phase winding of the second cover winding and the common port of the 5th switch S 5 and the 6th switch S 6, be connected by the 13 switch S 13, between the forward end B2 of second-phase winding of the second cover winding and the common port of the 8th switch S8 and the 9th switch S 9, be connected by the 14 switch S 14, between the forward end C2 of third phase winding of the second cover winding and the common port of second switch S2 and the 3rd switch S 3, be connected by the 15 switch S 15.
Phase relation between first-phase winding, second-phase winding and third phase winding in first set winding is equal to the phase relation between first-phase winding, second-phase winding and the third phase winding in the second cover winding, the phase difference beta minimum of the first-phase winding in the first-phase winding of first set winding and the second cover winding, as the phase difference of first set winding and the second cover winding, 0 °≤β≤60 °.Fig. 3 is the space phase schematic diagram of two Y windings, shows that the phase difference between two Y windings is β in figure.
Fig. 4 is the schematic vector diagram that the each winding of multi-phase permanent motor switches mutually, taking phase difference beta=30 of first set winding and the second cover winding ° as example, speed control principle is described below, and wherein the back-emf amplitude of each phase is directly proportional to the rotating speed of motor, is all set to V.
The first-phase winding A that Fig. 4 (a) is shown as first set winding connects with the second-phase winding b forward of the second cover winding, the electrical degree of the back-emf of the second-phase winding b of the first-phase winding A of first set winding and the second cover winding differs 90 °, the electrical degree of the back-emf of the third phase winding c of the second-phase winding B of first set winding and the second cover winding differs 90 °, the electrical degree of the back-emf of the first-phase winding a of the third phase winding C of first set winding and the second cover winding differs 90 °, the opposite potential V of three synthetic phase windings after series connection
allcan be expressed as:
The first-phase winding A that Fig. 4 (b) is shown as first set winding connects with the first-phase winding a forward of the second cover winding, the electrical degree of the back-emf of the first-phase winding a of the first-phase winding A of first set winding and the second cover winding differs 30 °, the electrical degree of the back-emf of the second-phase winding b of the second-phase winding B of first set winding and the second cover winding differs 30 °, the electrical degree of the back-emf of the third phase winding c of the third phase winding C of first set winding and the second cover winding differs 30 °, the opposite potential V of three synthetic phase windings after series connection
allcan be expressed as:
When first set winding and the separate operation of the second cover winding, while not carrying out any connection in series-parallel, form the opposite potential V of six phase windings
allcan be expressed as:
V
all＝V
The first-phase winding A that Fig. 4 (c) is shown as first set winding connects with the third phase winding c forward of the second cover winding, the electrical degree of the back-emf of the third phase winding c of the first-phase winding A of first set winding and the second cover winding differs 150 °, the electrical degree of the back-emf of the first-phase winding a of the second-phase winding B of first set winding and the second cover winding differs 150 °, the electrical degree of the back-emf of the second-phase winding b of the third phase winding C of first set winding and the second cover winding differs 150 °, the opposite potential V of three synthetic phase windings after series connection
allcan be expressed as:
Switch and connect by above-mentioned four kinds, make the opposite potential of motor all different, due to the existence of the voltage limit ellipse of voltage inverter, therefore adopt above-mentioned four kinds of connected modes can obtain the rotational speed limit that governing system is different.More than connect principle and be applicable to the dephased winding system of two tacklings, can determine the phase difference between double winding according to speed adjustable range.Taking Fig. 4 (c) as example, when β is less, the synthetic opposite potential of connecting is less, and speed adjustable range is larger.
As shown in Figure 5, the speed regulating method of the above-mentioned multi-phase permanent motor governing system based on switching is mutually:
The first speed governing stage: in the time that motor speed is less than or equal to the first rotation speed n 1, controller is by controlling commutation circuit, make first of first set winding, second and third phase winding respectively with first of the second cover winding, second and third phase winding forward series connection, be the forward end A2 of the first-phase winding of the negative end X1 connection second cover winding of the first-phase winding of first set winding, the negative end Y1 of the second-phase winding of first set winding connects the forward end B2 of the second-phase winding of the second cover winding, the negative end Z1 of the third phase winding of first set winding connects the forward end C2 of the third phase winding of the second cover winding.Particularly, first in commutation circuit is to the 9th switch closure, and the tenth to the 15 switch disconnects, as shown in Fig. 6 (a).Meanwhile, controller also makes in the first and second circuit breaker G1 and G2 connect busbar voltage, and another and busbar voltage disconnect.In the time that the first circuit breaker G1 connects busbar voltage, controller makes the first inverter energising work, makes three whole conductings of power tube of upper brachium pontis or the lower brachium pontis of the second inverter; In the time that the second circuit breaker G2 connects busbar voltage, controller makes the second inverter energising work, makes three whole conductings of power tube of upper brachium pontis or the lower brachium pontis of the first inverter.Now connect winding back-emf polar plot as shown in Fig. 4 (b), and the operating torque T1 of permanent torque is maximum in whole permanent torque operation area, is generally nominal torque.
The second speed governing stage: in the time that motor speed is greater than the first rotation speed n 1 and is less than or equal to the second rotation speed n 2, controller is by controlling commutation circuit, the first and second phase windings of first set winding are connected with second and third phase winding forward of the second cover winding respectively, the third phase winding of first set winding is connected with the first-phase winding forward of the second cover winding, be the forward end B2 of the second-phase winding of the negative end X1 connection second cover winding of the first-phase winding of first set winding, the negative end Y1 of the second-phase winding of first set winding connects the forward end C2 of the third phase winding of the second cover winding, the negative end Z1 of the third phase winding of first set winding connects the forward end A2 of the first-phase winding of the second cover winding.Particularly, second in commutation circuit and the 3rd switch, the 5th and the 6th switch, and the 8th close to twelvemo closed, the first switch, the 4th switch, minion is closed, and the 13 to the 15 switch disconnects, as shown in Fig. 6 (b).Meanwhile, controller also makes in the first and second circuit breaker G1 and G2 connect busbar voltage, and another and busbar voltage disconnect.In the time that the first circuit breaker G1 connects busbar voltage, controller makes the first inverter energising work, makes three whole conductings of power tube of upper brachium pontis or the lower brachium pontis of the second inverter; In the time that the second circuit breaker G2 connects busbar voltage, controller makes the second inverter energising work, makes three whole conductings of power tube of upper brachium pontis or the lower brachium pontis of the first inverter.Now connect winding back-emf polar plot as shown in Fig. 4 (a), and the operating torque T2 of permanent torque is less than T1.
The 3rd speed governing stage: in the time that motor speed is greater than the second rotation speed n 2 and is less than or equal to the 3rd rotation speed n 3, controller is by controlling commutation circuit, make the three-phase in first set winding form Y-connection, the negative end X1 that is the first-phase winding of first set winding connects the negative end Y1 of second-phase winding of first set winding and the negative end Z1 of the third phase winding of first set winding, make the three-phase in the second cover winding form Y-connection simultaneously, the forward end A2 of the first-phase winding of the second cover winding connects the forward end B2 of second-phase winding of the second cover winding and the forward end C2 of the third phase winding of the second cover winding.Particularly, in commutation circuit, first group: the first switch S 1 and twelvemo are closed S12, second group: the 4th switch S 4 and the tenth switch S 10, the 3rd group: minion is closed S7 and the 11 switch S 11, the 4th group: the 3rd switch S the 3 and the 15 switch S 15, the 5th group: the 6th switch S the 6 and the 13 switch S 13, the 6th group: the 9th switch S the 9 and the 14 switch S 14, when in first to the 3rd group, any two groups of switches cut out, in the 4th to the 6th group, any two groups of switches cut out, second, the the 5th and the 8th switch S2, S5 and S8 all disconnect, can make first set winding and the second independently star-like connection of the cover each self-forming of winding, realize electricity independent, as shown in Fig. 6 (c).Meanwhile, controller also makes the first and second circuit breaker G1 and G2 connect busbar voltage, makes the work of simultaneously switching on of the first and second inverters.Realize electric independence because first set winding and second overlaps winding, increased fail safe and the serious forgiveness of governing system.The operating torque T3 of permanent torque now will be lower than T2.
The 4th speed governing stage: in the time that motor speed is greater than the 3rd rotation speed n 3 and is less than or equal to the 4th rotation speed n 4, controller is by controlling commutation circuit, the first-phase winding of first set winding is connected with the third phase winding forward of the second cover winding, second and third phase winding of first set winding are connected with the first and second phase winding forwards of the second cover winding respectively, be the forward end C2 of the third phase winding of the negative end X1 connection second cover winding of the first-phase winding of first set winding, the negative end Y1 of the second-phase winding of first set winding connects the forward end A2 of the first-phase winding of the second cover winding, the negative end Z1 of the third phase winding of first set winding connects the forward end B2 of the second-phase winding of the second cover winding.Particularly, the first and second switches in commutation circuit, the 4th and the 5th switch, the 7th and the 8th switch, and the 13 to 15 switch closures, the 3rd switch, the 6th switch, the 9th switch, and the tenth to twelvemo close disconnect, as shown in Fig. 6 (d).Meanwhile, controller also makes in the first and second circuit breaker G1 and G2 connect busbar voltage, and another and busbar voltage disconnect.In the time that the first circuit breaker G1 connects busbar voltage, controller makes the first inverter energising work, makes three whole conductings of power tube of upper brachium pontis or the lower brachium pontis of the second inverter; In the time that the second circuit breaker G2 connects busbar voltage, controller makes the second inverter energising work, makes three whole conductings of power tube of upper brachium pontis or the lower brachium pontis of the first inverter.Now connect winding back-emf polar plot as shown in Fig. 4 (c), and the operating torque T4 of permanent torque is less than T3.
Multi-phase permanent motor was all operated under maximum torque per ampere control state in above-mentioned all speed governing stages.First to fourth rotating speed was respectively in first to fourth speed governing stage, and multi-phase permanent motor is operated under maximum torque per ampere control state, and multi-phase permanent motor terminal voltage reaches the voltage limit of the inverter motor speed when oval.For example, the first rotating speed is in the first speed governing stage, and multi-phase permanent motor is operated under maximum torque per ampere control state, and multi-phase permanent motor terminal voltage reaches the voltage limit of the inverter motor speed when oval.
In addition, because two inverters are relatively independent, in above-mentioned four speed governing stages, there are three speed governing stages to only have an inverter normally to work, another plays switch conduction effect, so two inverters can be used alternatingly, thereby life-span and the serious forgiveness of system are increased.
What Fig. 5 showed is the operational mode under perfect condition, and in the time that rotating speed is n1, n2 or n3, when rotating speed further increases, torque is undergone mutation, and this is worthless in practice.Can adopt in practice weak magnetic control system that torque is seamlessly transitted and enter again the corresponding speed governing stage afterwards.After n4, if motor needs further speed-raising, need weak magnetic control system or other measures to realize.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all any amendments of doing within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (2)
1. the multi-phase permanent motor governing system based on switching mutually, is characterized in that, comprises the first inverter, the second inverter, commutation circuit, the first circuit breaker, the second circuit breaker and multi-phase permanent motor; Described multi-phase permanent motor is two cover three-phase winding constructions; Described the first inverter and the second inverter are made up of controlled thyristor; The three-phase output end of described the first inverter connects respectively the three-phase forward end of the first set winding of described multi-phase permanent motor, the three-phase negative end of described first set winding connects respectively the three-phase forward end of the second cover winding of described multi-phase permanent motor by described commutation circuit, the three-phase negative end of described the second cover winding connects respectively the three-phase output end of described the second inverter; Described the first inverter and the second inverter are respectively by two DC power supply independently, and described the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker are separately positioned on the cold end of the DC bus of described the first inverter and the second inverter.
2. a kind of multi-phase permanent motor governing system based on switching mutually as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described commutation circuit comprises the first to the 15 switch; The negative end of the first-phase winding of described first set winding connects the forward end of the first-phase winding of described the second cover winding successively by the described first to the 3rd switch, the negative end of the second-phase winding of described first set winding connects the forward end of the second-phase winding of described the second cover winding successively by described the 4th to the 6th switch, the negative end of the third phase winding of described first set winding connects the forward end of the third phase winding of described the second cover winding successively by described the 7th to the 9th switch; Between the common port of the negative end of the first-phase winding of described first set winding and described the 4th switch and the 5th switch, be connected by described the tenth switch, the negative end of the second-phase winding of described first set winding close with described minion and the common port of the 8th switch between be connected by described the 11 switch, between the common port of the negative end of the third phase winding of described first set winding and described the first switch and second switch, be connected by described twelvemo pass; Between the forward end of first-phase winding of described the second cover winding and the common port of described the 5th switch and the 6th switch, be connected by described the 13 switch, between the forward end of second-phase winding of described the second cover winding and the common port of described the 8th switch and the 9th switch, be connected by described the 14 switch, between the forward end of third phase winding of described the second cover winding and the common port of described second switch and the 3rd switch, be connected by described the 15 switch.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104579032A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-04-29 | 东南大学 | Power topological structure controlling three switch reluctance motors at the same time |
| CN108390488A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-10 | 西安清泰科新能源技术有限责任公司 | A kind of three phase electric machine winding change-over switch and control method |
-
2014
- 2014-08-18 CN CN201420466057.6U patent/CN204031033U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104579032A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-04-29 | 东南大学 | Power topological structure controlling three switch reluctance motors at the same time |
| CN104579032B (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2017-10-20 | 东南大学 | It is a kind of at the same control three switched reluctance machines power topology |
| CN108390488A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-10 | 西安清泰科新能源技术有限责任公司 | A kind of three phase electric machine winding change-over switch and control method |
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