CN203879668U - Pulling-free starter for diesel engine - Google Patents
Pulling-free starter for diesel engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN203879668U CN203879668U CN201420273856.1U CN201420273856U CN203879668U CN 203879668 U CN203879668 U CN 203879668U CN 201420273856 U CN201420273856 U CN 201420273856U CN 203879668 U CN203879668 U CN 203879668U
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- ratchet
- starter
- driving member
- scaffold
- diesel engine
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a pulling-free starter for a diesel engine and belongs to the technical field of machines. The pulling-free starter for the diesel engine solves the problem that abrasion between a pawl and a ratchet is severe in the pre-tightening process of an existing pulling-free starter. The pulling-free starter for the diesel engine comprises an installation frame, a pawl, a starting gear and a ratchet used for being connected with a volute spiral spring in the starter are hinged to the installation frame, the starting gear is meshed with the ratchet, a spring is arranged between the ratchet and the installation frame, one end of the spring is fixed to the pawl, the other end of the spring is fixed to the installation frame, the pawl tends to abut against the ratchet through the spring, the installation frame is provided with a disengaging mechanism, and when the starting gear drives the ratchet to rotate, the disengaging mechanism drives the pawl to be disengaged from the ratchet. Due to the fact that the disengaging mechanism is arranged in the starter, friction between the ratchet and the pawl is avoided, and the service life of the starter can be long.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to field of mechanical technique, relates to a kind of starter, and particularly a kind of diesel engine exempts to draw starter.
Background technique
What microtilling machine was more and more widely used in rural holding cultivates, broadcasts receipts.The diesel engine of microtilling machine must can make it enter operating condition by starter before work.Starter of diesel engine on original microtilling machine is stay cord starter, needs enough power just can draw startup, not only operation effort, and boot disk and stay cord also easily damage.
For this problem, develop one and exempted to draw starter.For example, Chinese utility model patent (application number: 201220594173.7, notice of authorization number: CN202914219U) a kind of air-cooled diesel engine starter (starter) disclosed, comprise shell and rotating shaft, rotating shaft is hollow shaft, in it, be fixedly installed mandrel, rotating shaft one end is rotationally connected with shell bottom center, in rotating shaft, be set with spiral spring fixed plate, spiral spring fixed plate is fixedly connected with outer casing inner wall, in rotating shaft section between spiral spring fixed plate and shell bottom surface, be coaxially installed with driven gear, between driven gear and shell bottom surface, be set with ratchet, on driven gear, be engaged with preload piece, preload piece one end stretches out in shell and makes pretension end outward, on ratchet, be engaged with ratchet, ratchet is fixed on shell bottom surface by pawl axis, pawl axis one end stretches out in shell and makes starting end outward, in the rotating shaft section between spiral spring fixed plate and shell aperture, be provided with spiral spring, spiral spring the inner is connected in rotating shaft, spiral spring in addition end is fixed on spiral spring fixed plate, on the rotating shaft the other end, be installed with starting dog seat, on the end face of starting dog seat, be evenly equipped with at least two rotatable starting dogs, on starting dog seat, be fixedly installed and be useful on the pawl dish that promotes starting dog expansion, on pawl dish outer wall, be provided with the pawl mouth corresponding with starting dog.
This starter strains spiral spring the process that tightens clockwork spring in advance by the pretension end rotating on preload piece, then due to the cause of click, ratchet is limited to be fixed, and then unclamp ratchet, the elastic potential energy of spiral spring is all discharged, drive again the rotation at full speed of diesel engine flywheel with this, and then start diesel engine.
But in this starter, rotating in the process of preload piece, because ratchet is resisted against on ratchet always,, there are comparatively serious wearing and tearing between the two in the pawl-and-gearing generation noise that constantly rubs, easily cause pawl-and-gearing to damage and lost efficacy simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to have the problems referred to above for existing technology, has proposed a kind of diesel engine that ratchet can depart from ratchet in the process of pretension and has exempted to draw starter.
The purpose of this utility model can realize by following technical proposal:
Diesel engine exempts to draw starter, comprise scaffold, on described scaffold, be hinged with ratchet, starter receiver and ratchet for being connected with spiral spring in starter, described starter receiver and ratchet are meshed, between ratchet and scaffold, be provided with spring, one end of described spring is fixed on ratchet, the spring the other end is fixed on scaffold, and ratchet has the trend being resisted against on ratchet under spring action, it is characterized in that, described scaffold is provided with releasing mechanism, and in the time that starter receiver drives ratchet to rotate, releasing mechanism drives ratchet to depart from ratchet.
Starter receiver role in this starter, is equivalent to the effect that preload piece mentioned in background technique plays.
In the time that operator tighten spiral spring with instrument rotation starter receiver, be that starter receiver drives ratchet to rotate; When the potential energy of the spiral spring being tightened when release, be that ratchet drives starter receiver to rotate.
While tightening clockwork spring, rotate starter receiver by instrument, starter receiver drives ratchet to rotate.Due to exempting to draw in starter, spiral spring is connected with ratchet, rotates after starter receiver, and ratchet drives spiral spring tension, and spiral spring storage of potential energy is prepared next step and started diesel engine.
Owing to being provided with releasing mechanism in this starter, while rotating starter receiver with instrument, under the effect of releasing mechanism, ratchet departs from ratchet.Therefore, be that starter receiver drives in the process of ratchet rotation tightening spiral spring, between pawl-and-gearing, there is not the phenomenon of phase mutual friction, extend greatly the working life of click, reduce the noise that starter in use sends, thereby made originally to exempt to draw the structure of starter more stable.
Exempt to draw in starter at above-mentioned diesel engine, between described starter receiver and scaffold, be provided with startup axle, described starter receiver is coaxially fixed on and starts on axle, described startup axle is axially connected on scaffold and scaffold is stretched out in one end of startup axle, described releasing mechanism comprises the driving member being made of plastics, described driving member is set in and starts on axle with interference fit, between described driving member and ratchet, be provided with the driving component being hinged on scaffold, on described driving component, there is transmission unit one and transmission unit two, in the time that starter receiver drives ratchet to rotate, described driving member can be resisted against on the transmission unit one of driving component and described transmission unit two can be resisted against on ratchet and drive ratchet to depart from ratchet.
In the ordinary course of things, start that scaffold is stretched out in one end of axle and for being connected with instrument.Because the material of driving member is that plastics and driving member are set in and start on axle with interference fit, there is certain elasticity with starting between axle in driving member, and the resistance that is subject to driving component when driving member hour, rotates startup axle and can drive driving member to rotate together; And the resistance that is subject to driving component when driving member is while being greater than a certain numerical value, driving member with start axle and can relatively rotate.Utilize this characteristic, selection has the spring of suitable elastic force, and/or driving member is set and starts interference fit degree between axle comparatively moderate, and making rotating with instrument while starting axle, driving member overcomes the elastic force of spring by driving component and drives ratchet to depart from ratchet.
Depart from when ratchet when needs make ratchet, the sense of rotation of the articulating point of ratchet between ratchet and scaffold need with the direction of rotation of ratchet.That is to say, if ratchet is to clockwise rotate, ratchet need to rotate counterclockwise and could depart from ratchet, but the sense of rotation of starter receiver is also with the direction of rotation of ratchet, therefore, driving component is set, makes driving component between starter receiver and ratchet, play commutation effect.
Exempt to draw in starter at above-mentioned diesel engine, on described driving member, there is butting section one, and in the time that described ratchet drives starter receiver to rotate, described butting section one can be resisted against on scaffold.In the time of spiral spring that release tightens, ratchet drives starter receiver to rotate, and starter receiver drives the driving member being connected with starter receiver to rotate then.Because driving member is to be set in and to be started on axle by interference fit, and the potential energy that spiral spring discharges is larger, in the time that the butting section one on driving member is resisted against on scaffold, spiral spring continues to drive starter receiver to rotate, starter receiver overcomes driving member and starts the frictional force between axle, after this, the butting section one on driving member is resisted against on scaffold, and starter receiver is rotated further.Like this, the required space taking of driving member is less, avoids driving member to affect other component.
Exempt to draw in starter at above-mentioned diesel engine, have to the extension stretching out near driving component direction on described ratchet, described transmission unit two is to stretching out near ratchet direction, and described transmission unit two can be resisted against on extension and drive ratchet to depart from ratchet.Extension and transmission unit two are set, make the surface of contact between ratchet and driving component larger, improved the stability coordinating between ratchet and driving component.
Exempt to draw in starter at above-mentioned diesel engine, on described driving member, there is cavity one.Cavity one is set on driving member, has alleviated the weight of driving member, make the weight of starter lighter.In addition, the setting of cavity one is the also less material of driving member, the manufacture cost of reduction driving member.
Exempt to draw in starter at above-mentioned diesel engine, on described driving component, there is cavity two.Cavity two is set on driving component, has alleviated the weight of driving component, make the weight of starter lighter.In addition, the setting of cavity two is the also less material of driving component, the manufacture cost of reduction driving component.
As the another kind of scheme of releasing mechanism, exempt to draw in starter at above-mentioned diesel engine, between described ratchet and scaffold, be provided with driven shaft, described coaxial ratchet is fixed on driven shaft, described driven shaft is axially connected on scaffold, and described releasing mechanism comprises the driving member being made of plastics, and described driving member is set on driven shaft with interference fit, in the time that starter receiver drives ratchet to rotate, described driving member can be resisted against on ratchet and drive ratchet to depart from ratchet.In the time that starter receiver drives ratchet rotation to tighten spiral spring, because driving member is set on driven shaft with interference fit, starter receiver drives driving member to rotate around the axis of driven shaft by ratchet and driven shaft, driving member is resisted against on ratchet and drives ratchet to depart from ratchet, therefore, avoid excessive friction between pawl-and-gearing.
Exempt to draw in starter at above-mentioned diesel engine, described scaffold is provided with for preventing that driving member from departing from the projection of ratchet.In the time of the stressed frictional force overcoming between driving member and driven shaft between driving member and projection, driving member rotates with respect to driven shaft.Projection is set, makes the annexation between driving member and ratchet more stable, thereby make the structure of this starter more stable.
Compared with prior art, owing to being provided with releasing mechanism in this starter, avoid the friction between ratchet and pawl, made the working life of this starter longer.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of this starter;
Fig. 2 is starter receiver, the stereogram that starts axle and driving member;
Fig. 3 is this starter embodiment two plan view;
Fig. 4 is this starter embodiment three plan view.
In figure, 1, scaffold; 1a, base plate; 1b, protecting jacket; 2, ratchet; 2a, extension; 3, starter receiver; 4, ratchet; 5, spring; 6, start axle; 7, driving member; 7a, butting section one; 7b, cavity one; 7c, guide surface; 8, driving component; 8a, transmission unit one; 8b, transmission unit two; 8c, cavity two; 9, driven shaft; 10, projection.
Embodiment
Be below specific embodiment of the utility model by reference to the accompanying drawings, the technical solution of the utility model is further described, but the utility model be not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment one
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the scaffold 1 of cap shape exempted to draw starter to comprise and is by this diesel engine.Scaffold 1 comprises and is the base plate 1a of disc-shaped and is fixed on base plate 1a and is protecting jacket 1b cylindraceous.
The middle part of base plate 1a is hinged with driven shaft 9, is coaxially fixed with ratchet 4 on driven shaft 9.Driven shaft 9 is connected with the spiral spring in starter, that is to say, when spiral spring is carried out to pretension, driven shaft 9 drives spiral spring pretension, and in the time that spiral spring discharges potential energy, spiral spring drives driven shaft 9 to rotate.
One side of driven shaft 9 is provided with and starts axle 6, starts axle 6 and is hinged on base plate 1a.Start on axle 6 and be coaxially fixed with starter receiver 3, starter receiver 3 is meshed with ratchet 4.Start that base plate 1a is stretched out in one end of axle 6 and for being connected with instrument.In the time need carrying out pretension to spiral spring, operator rotate to start on axle 6 with instrument and are positioned at the one end outside base plate 1a.
On base plate 1a, be also hinged with ratchet 2, between ratchet 2 and scaffold 1, be provided with spring 5, it is upper that one end of spring 5 is fixed on base plate 1a, and the other end of spring 5 is fixed on ratchet 2.Under the effect of spring 5, ratchet 2 can rotate by the articulating point between ratchet 2 and base plate 1a.And under the effect of spring 5, ratchet 2 has the trend being resisted against on ratchet 4, prevent that the spiral spring of pretension from discharging potential energy.
For fear of unnecessary friction between ratchet 4 and ratchet 2, scaffold 1 is provided with releasing mechanism, and in the time that starter receiver 3 drives ratchet 4 to rotate, releasing mechanism drives ratchet 2 to depart from ratchet 4.
Releasing mechanism comprises the driving member 7 being made of plastics, and driving member 7 is set in and starts on axle 6 with interference fit.Between driving member 7 and ratchet 2, be provided with the driving component 8 being hinged on scaffold 1, on driving component 8, there are transmission unit one 8a and transmission unit two 8b.Between driving component 8 and scaffold 1, articulating point is articulating point one, and the articulating point between ratchet 4 and scaffold 1 is articulating point two.Wherein, the line of transmission unit one 8a between articulating point one and articulating point two is near a side of starter receiver 3, and the line of transmission position two between articulating point one and articulating point two is near a side of ratchet 2.
On ratchet 2, have to the extension 2a protruding near driving component 8 directions, transmission unit two 8b are to protruding near ratchet 2 directions, and transmission unit two 8b are between ratchet 2 extension 2a and ratchet 4, and transmission unit one 8a is between driving member 7 and ratchet 2.Transmission unit two 8b can be resisted against extension 2a above and drive ratchet 2 to depart from ratchet 4.Therefore, driving component 8 does between driving member 7 and ratchet 2 and plays commutation effect.
In order to alleviate the weight of this starter, on driving member 7, there is cavity one 7b, on driving component 8, there are cavity two 8c.
Now the working procedure of this starter is described below:
As shown in Figure 1, in the time that needs carry out pretension to spiral spring, operator are rotated counterclockwise and are started axle 6 by instrument, drive starter receiver 3 to rotate counterclockwise, and meanwhile, starter receiver 3 drives the ratchet 4 engaging with it to clockwise rotate.Meanwhile, start axle 6 drives and rotate counterclockwise with the driving member 7 of its interference fit, driving member 7 drives driving component 8 to clockwise rotate, and driving member 7 drives ratchet 2 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby ratchet 2 departs from ratchet 4.
Ratchet 2 departs from after ratchet 4, and on ratchet 4, extension 2a is resisted against on the protecting jacket 1b of scaffold 1, and driving member 7 overcomes driving member 7 and starts the frictional force between axle 6, and driving member 7 rotates relative to starting axle 6.
If in pretension process, starter receiver 3 forwards half to, or pretension completes, and spiral spring has to restore to the original state and discharges the trend of potential energy.But under the effect of spring 5, ratchet 2 is resisted against on ratchet 4, prevent that spiral spring from discharging potential energy, spiral spring is able to locked.
While discharging the potential energy of spiral spring, with instrument rotation ratchet 2, make ratchet 2 depart from ratchet 4, spiral spring discharges potential energy.Discharge in the process of potential energy at spiral spring; ratchet 4 drives starter receiver 3 to clockwise rotate, and it is upper that butting section one 7a of driving member 7 is resisted against protecting jacket 1b, after this; driving member 7 overcomes driving member 7 and starts the frictional force between axle 6, and driving member 7 rotates relative to starting axle 6.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment and embodiment one are similar, different places are, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, between ratchet 4 and scaffold 1, be provided with driven shaft 9, ratchet 4 is coaxially fixed on driven shaft 9, driven shaft 9 is axially connected on scaffold 1, and releasing mechanism comprises the driving member 7 being made of plastics, and driving member 7 is set on driven shaft 9 with interference fit, in the time that starter receiver 3 drives ratchet 4 to rotate, driving member 7 can be resisted against on ratchet 2 and drive ratchet 2 to depart from ratchet 4.In the time that starter receiver 3 drives ratchet 4 to rotate to tighten spiral spring, because driving member 7 is set on driven shaft 9 with interference fit, starter receiver 3 drives driving member 7 to rotate around the axis of driven shaft 9 by ratchet 4 and driven shaft 9, driving member 7 is resisted against on ratchet 2 and drives ratchet 2 to depart from ratchet 4, therefore, avoid excessive friction between ratchet 2 and ratchet 4.
Scaffold 1 is provided with for preventing that driving member 7 from departing from the projection 10 of ratchet 2.In the time of the stressed frictional force overcoming between driving member 7 and driven shaft 9 between driving member 7 and projection 10, driving member 7 rotates with respect to driven shaft 9.Projection 10 is set, makes the annexation between driving member 7 and ratchet 2 more stable, thereby make the structure of this starter more stable.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment and embodiment one are similar, and different places are, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, driving member 7 is directly resisted against on the extension 2a of ratchet 2.
On driving member 7, have guide surface 7c, in the time that starter receiver 3 clockwise rotates, the guide surface 7c that the extension 2a of ratchet 2 abuts in driving member 7 goes up and slides upward along guide surface 7c, departs from ratchet 4 thereby therefore drive ratchet 2 to rotate counterclockwise.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the utility model spirit.The utility model person of ordinary skill in the field can make various amendments or supplements or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present utility model or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although more used scaffold 1, base plate 1a, protecting jacket 1b, ratchet 2, extension 2a, starter receiver 3, ratchet 4, spring 5 herein, started the terms such as axle 6, driving member 7, butting section one 7a, cavity one 7b, guide surface 7c, driving component 8, transmission unit one 8a, transmission unit two 8b, cavity two 8c, driven shaft 9, projection 10, do not got rid of the possibility that uses other term.Use these terms to be only used to describe more easily and explain essence of the present utility model; They are construed to any additional restriction is all contrary with the utility model spirit.
Claims (8)
1. diesel engine exempts to draw starter, comprise scaffold (1), on described scaffold (1), be hinged with ratchet (2), starter receiver (3) and ratchet (4) for being connected with spiral spring in starter, described starter receiver (3) and ratchet (4) are meshed, between ratchet (2) and scaffold (1), be provided with spring (5), one end of described spring (5) is fixed on ratchet (2), spring (5) the other end is fixed on scaffold (1), and ratchet (2) has the trend being resisted against on ratchet (4) under spring (5) effect, it is characterized in that, described scaffold (1) is provided with releasing mechanism, and in the time that starter receiver (3) drives ratchet (4) to rotate, releasing mechanism drives ratchet (2) to depart from ratchet (4).
2. diesel engine according to claim 1 exempts to draw starter, it is characterized in that, between described starter receiver (3) and scaffold (1), be provided with and start axle (6), described starter receiver (3) is coaxially fixed on and starts on axle (6), described startup axle (6) is axially connected in scaffold (1) one end upper and startup axle (6) and stretches out scaffold (1), described releasing mechanism comprises the driving member (7) being made of plastics, described driving member (7) is set in and starts on axle (6) with interference fit, between described driving member (7) and ratchet (2), be provided with the driving component (8) being hinged on scaffold (1), on described driving component (8), there is transmission unit one (8a) and transmission unit two (8b), in the time that starter receiver (3) drives ratchet (4) to rotate, described driving member (7) can be resisted against upper and described transmission unit two (8b), the transmission unit one (8a) of driving component (8) and can be resisted against ratchet (2) and go up and drive ratchet (2) disengaging ratchet (4).
3. diesel engine according to claim 2 exempts to draw starter, it is characterized in that, on described driving member (7), there is butting section one (7a), and in the time that described ratchet (4) drives starter receiver (3) to rotate, described butting section one (7a) can be resisted against on scaffold (1).
4. exempt to draw starter according to the diesel engine described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, on described ratchet (2), have to the extension (2a) stretching out near driving component (8) direction, described transmission unit two (8b) is to stretching out near ratchet (2) direction, and described transmission unit two (8b) can be resisted against extension (2a) above and drive ratchet (2) to depart from ratchet (4).
5. exempt to draw starter according to the diesel engine described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, on described driving member (7), there is cavity one (7b).
6. exempt to draw starter according to the diesel engine described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, on described driving component (8), there is cavity two (8c).
7. diesel engine according to claim 1 exempts to draw starter, it is characterized in that, between described ratchet (4) and scaffold (1), be provided with driven shaft (9), described ratchet (4) is coaxially fixed on driven shaft (9), described driven shaft (9) is axially connected on scaffold (1), described releasing mechanism comprises the driving member (7) being made of plastics, described driving member (7) is set on driven shaft (9) with interference fit, in the time that starter receiver (3) drives ratchet (4) to rotate, described driving member (7) can be resisted against ratchet (2) and go up and drive ratchet (2) to depart from ratchet (4).
8. diesel engine according to claim 7 exempts to draw starter, it is characterized in that, described scaffold (1) is provided with for preventing that driving member (7) from departing from the projection (10) of ratchet (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420273856.1U CN203879668U (en) | 2014-05-24 | 2014-05-24 | Pulling-free starter for diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420273856.1U CN203879668U (en) | 2014-05-24 | 2014-05-24 | Pulling-free starter for diesel engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203879668U true CN203879668U (en) | 2014-10-15 |
Family
ID=51680171
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420273856.1U Expired - Lifetime CN203879668U (en) | 2014-05-24 | 2014-05-24 | Pulling-free starter for diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203879668U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106949218A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-14 | 江南大学 | A kind of high-efficiency energy-storage mechanism |
| CN110608122A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2019-12-24 | 台州擎农机械有限公司 | Auxiliary starter of engine |
| CN111379652A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-07 | 中科灵动航空科技成都有限公司 | Oil-electricity hybrid unmanned aerial vehicle electric starting device |
-
2014
- 2014-05-24 CN CN201420273856.1U patent/CN203879668U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106949218A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-14 | 江南大学 | A kind of high-efficiency energy-storage mechanism |
| CN110608122A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2019-12-24 | 台州擎农机械有限公司 | Auxiliary starter of engine |
| CN111379652A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-07 | 中科灵动航空科技成都有限公司 | Oil-electricity hybrid unmanned aerial vehicle electric starting device |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20141015 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |