CN203800859U - Superconducting motor system - Google Patents
Superconducting motor system Download PDFInfo
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- CN203800859U CN203800859U CN201420103082.8U CN201420103082U CN203800859U CN 203800859 U CN203800859 U CN 203800859U CN 201420103082 U CN201420103082 U CN 201420103082U CN 203800859 U CN203800859 U CN 203800859U
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- superconducting motor
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- circuit breaker
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005662 electromechanics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a superconducting motor system. The superconducting motor system comprises a superconducting motor, a fault current limiter, a circuit breaker and a converter, wherein the fault current limiter comprises a series switch, a fault current detection element, a fast change-over switch, a current-limiting reactor and an overvoltage protection element; one end of the series switch is used for being connected to the superconducting motor, and the other end is connected to the circuit breaker through the fast change-over switch; the input end of the fault current detection element is connected to a connecting end of the fast change-over switch and the circuit breaker, a first output end is connected to a control end of the series switch, and a second output end is connected to a control end of the fast change-over switch; the current-limiting reactor is connected with the fast change-over switch in parallel; and the overvoltage protection element is connected with the fast change-over switch in parallel. The superconducting motor system disclosed by the utility model not only protects the superconducting motor from being damaged, but also protects normal operations of equipment at the power grid side when a short-circuit fault occurs under the condition of not obviously increasing the manufacturing cost of the superconducting motor system; and active loss or reactive loss of the motor system is not increased obviously under normal operating conditions.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to electrical fault resist technology field, more specifically, relates to a kind of superconducting motor system.
Background technology
Machine end series reactor is a kind of conventional short-circuit protection measure, and short-circuit protection principle as shown in Figure 1, seals in the reactor of one group of blocked impedance value between motor and current transformer, no matter normal operation or transient state operation, reactor is all worked in system.In the time that motor machine end is short-circuited fault, due to the existence of reactor, speed and peak value that short circuit current rises all can be restricted, thus by short-circuit current limitation in electrical network and motor can tolerance ranges, short circuit peak torque also can be limited.
The protected mode of machine end series reactor, in the time that motor normally moves, the loss meeting that reactor self produces increases system loss, reduces system effectiveness, aggravation heat dissipation problem.And because reactor belongs to induction reactance type equipment, normal meeting in service increases reactive loss, affects the trend distribution of electric power system and the stability of system.The power factor that also can reduce generating set, causes the increase of Converter Capacity and cost, particularly, in large capacity superconducting motor system, can significantly increase the difficulty that manufactures and designs of current transformer.Under short trouble, because the short circuit current of superconducting motor is larger, make the volume and weight of series reactor larger, manufacturing cost and difficulty are very big.
Utility model content
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art; the utility model provides a kind of superconducting motor system; its object is significantly not increase on the basis of manufacturing cost; in the time that short trouble occurs; protection superconducting motor is not destroyed and grid side equipment normally moves, if solve thus short-circuit protection mode that superconducting motor of the prior art adopts conventional motor can cause manufacturing cost high, realize the technical problem that difficulty is large and the stability of a system is poor.
The utility model provides a kind of superconducting motor system, comprises the superconducting motor, fault current limiter, circuit breaker and the current transformer that are connected to transformer side in turn; Described fault current limiter is in the time that described motor machine end is short-circuited fault, protects the not damaged and grid side equipment of described superconducting motor, described current transformer normally to move; Described fault current limiter comprises tandem tap, fault current detecting element, quick diverter switch, current limiting reactor and over-voltage protection element; One end of described tandem tap is used for connecting described superconducting motor, and the other end of described tandem tap is connected to described circuit breaker by described quick diverter switch; The input of described fault current detecting element is connected to the link of described quick diverter switch and described circuit breaker, the first output of described fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of described tandem tap, and the second output of described fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of described quick diverter switch; Described current limiting reactor and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel; Described over-voltage protection element and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel.
The utility model also provides a kind of superconducting motor system, comprises the superconducting motor, fault current limiter and the circuit breaker that are connected to transformer side in turn; Described fault current limiter is in the time that described transformer side is short-circuited fault, protects the not damaged and grid side equipment of described superconducting motor normally to move; Described fault current limiter comprises tandem tap, fault current detecting element, quick diverter switch, current limiting reactor and over-voltage protection element; One end of described tandem tap is used for connecting described superconducting motor, and the other end of described tandem tap is connected to described circuit breaker by described quick diverter switch; The input of described fault current detecting element is connected to the link of described quick diverter switch and described current transformer, the first output of described fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of described tandem tap, and the second output of described fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of described quick diverter switch; Described current limiting reactor and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel; Described over-voltage protection element and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel.
Wherein, described superconducting motor can be superconduct excitation electromotor.
Superconducting motor system of the present utility model adopts fault current limiter to protect the fault of superconducting motor, in the situation that significantly not increasing electromechanics supported design manufacturing cost, when short trouble occurs, not only protect superconducting motor not to be destroyed, protect the normal operation of electrical network and other equipment of electrical network simultaneously; Under accidental conditions, can significantly not increase meritorious or reactive loss to electric system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is series reactor short-circuit protection theory diagram in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the half superconducting motor essential structure schematic diagram with superconduction magnet exciting coil that the utility model embodiment provides;
Fig. 3 (a) is the series connection fault current limiter short-circuit protection theory diagram that the utility model the first embodiment provides, and is mainly used in the time that motor machine end is short-circuited fault;
Fig. 3 (b) is the series connection fault current limiter short-circuit protection theory diagram that the utility model the second embodiment provides, and is mainly used in the time that transformer side is short-circuited fault;
Fig. 4 is the fault current limiter general principle figure that the utility model embodiment provides;
Fig. 5 is the fault current limiter current limitation effect schematic diagram that the utility model embodiment provides;
Fig. 6 is the superconducting motor short circuit protection system that contains superconductive failure current limiter that the utility model embodiment 1 provides;
Fig. 7 is the superconducting motor short circuit protection system that contains solid-state current limiter that the utility model embodiment 2 provides.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.In addition,, in each execution mode of described the utility model, involved technical characterictic just can combine mutually as long as do not form each other conflict.
The utility model proposes a kind of effective short-circuit protection measure that is applicable to superconducting motor, in the situation that significantly not increasing electromechanics supported design manufacturing cost, when short trouble occurs, not only protect superconducting motor not to be destroyed, protect the normal operation of electrical network and other equipment of electrical network simultaneously; Under accidental conditions, can significantly not increase meritorious or reactive loss to electric system.
Superconducting motor is a kind of motor that adopts conventional electric conducting material in all or part of instead of electr ic motor of superconductor.In superconducting motor, superconductor can be high temperature superconducting materia or low temperature superconducting material.The principle of superconducting motor is identical with conventional motor, and the Main Basis law of electromagnetic induction and law of electromagnetic force are realized energy converting between mechanical.Aspect fundamental characteristics, because superconducting wire electrical current density is much larger than copper conductor (more than 100 times), can cancel rotor and stator core, by air-gap field Intensity Design in the region far above ferromagnetic material magnetic saturation magnetic field, and there is no resistance loss in superconduction winding, reduce the loss of motor, caused therefrom superconducting motor to there is more good characteristic than conventional motor, as little in volume, lightweight; Synchronous reactance is little; Efficiency is high; The scope of exerting oneself increase etc.Superconducting motor includes but are not limited to half superconducting motor, and using half superconducting motor as example, half superconducting motor refers to that armature winding (excitation winding) adopts superconducting wire, and excitation winding (armature winding) adopts the motor of conventional electric conducting material.A kind of conventional structure with superconduction magnet exciting coil half superconducting motor as shown in Figure 2.The features such as the volume of superconduct excitation electromotor is little, lightweight are extremely adapted at using in the Ship Propulsion System of the slow-speed of revolution, high pulling torque, and various countries all drop into energy research superconducting motor as propulsion electric machine, as the U.S., Germany etc.In addition, superconducting motor being applied in Large-scale Wind Turbines is also the large capacity wind-powered electricity generation unit of a new research direction, especially 10MW grade.At present, superconducting motor is in the ascendant in the application study of the different field such as such as electric power system, rapid transit, space flight and aviation, navigation power, metallurgical industry.
On the one hand, because the magnetic flux density in superconducting motor is high a lot of with respect to conventional motor, exceeded the saturation value of ferromagnetic material, in order to reduce weight, rotor or stator system cause iron-core-free structure; On the other hand, the physics air gap in superconducting motor is larger than conventional motor, and this makes the armature inductance value of superconducting motor lower.In addition, because damping cylinder has good magnetic screening action, further reduced the subtransient reactance of superconducting motor.Above reason has caused superconducting motor in the time there is external short circuit fault, there will be very high short trouble peak current and transient short-circuit torque, can produce the impact torque of the impulse current of approximately 20 times of rated current and more than 10 times nominal torque, this can be not only a serious destructive factor to electric power system, threaten the safe operation of other equipment in electrical network, and also may produce huge destruction to superconducting motor itself, especially in the high situation of cost of current superconducting motor, its loss is huge.If do not limited, short-circuit torque may damage the mechanical support of electric machine rotor, and winding deformation is even ruptured.Therefore, adopting effective short-circuit protection measure is very necessary to superconducting motor.
The structure of the superconducting motor system that the utility model embodiment provides is as shown in Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b); In the time that motor machine end is short-circuited fault, can adopt the superconducting motor system as shown in Fig. 3 (a); Specifically comprise: the superconducting motor, fault current limiter, circuit breaker and the current transformer that are connected to transformer side in turn; Fault current limiter is for when motor machine end is short-circuited fault, protects the not damaged and grid side equipment of superconducting motor, current transformer normally to move; Fault current limiter comprises tandem tap, fault current detecting element, quick diverter switch, current limiting reactor and over-voltage protection element; One end of tandem tap is used for connecting superconducting motor, and the other end of tandem tap is connected to circuit breaker by quick diverter switch; The input of fault current detecting element is connected to the link of quick diverter switch and circuit breaker, the first output of fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of tandem tap, and the second output of fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of quick diverter switch; Current limiting reactor is connected in parallel with quick diverter switch; Over-voltage protection element and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel.
As shown in Figure 4, fault current limiter comprises tandem tap, fault current detecting element, quick diverter switch, current limiting reactor and over-voltage protection element; One end of tandem tap is used for connecting superconducting motor, and the other end of tandem tap is connected to described circuit breaker by quick diverter switch; The input of fault current detecting element is connected to the link of quick diverter switch and described circuit breaker, the first output of fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of tandem tap, and the second output of fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of quick diverter switch; Current limiting reactor is connected in parallel with quick diverter switch; Over-voltage protection element is connected in parallel with quick diverter switch.
In normal operation, the resistance value of fault current limiter is very little, little on the meritorious of superconducting motor system or reactive loss impact, is equivalent to transmission pressure.But after short trouble occurs, can fast and reliable ground limiting short-circuit current, operate time is shorter, and can not produce overvoltage in limit procedure, can protect the insulation of winding not to be damaged.
In the utility model embodiment, in the time that transformer side is short-circuited fault, can adopt the superconducting motor system as shown in Fig. 3 (b), specifically comprise: the superconducting motor, fault current limiter and the circuit breaker that are connected to transformer side in turn; Fault current limiter is in the time that motor machine end is short-circuited fault, protects the not damaged and grid side equipment of described superconducting motor normally to move; Fault current limiter comprises tandem tap, fault current detecting element, quick diverter switch, current limiting reactor and over-voltage protection element; One end of tandem tap is used for connecting superconducting motor, and the other end of tandem tap is connected to circuit breaker by quick diverter switch; The input of fault current detecting element is connected to the link of quick diverter switch and current transformer, the first output of fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of tandem tap, and the second output of fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of quick diverter switch; Current limiting reactor is connected in parallel with quick diverter switch; Over-voltage protection element and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 4, fault current limiter comprises tandem tap, fault current detecting element, quick diverter switch, current limiting reactor and over-voltage protection element; One end of described tandem tap is used for connecting described superconducting motor, and the other end of described tandem tap is connected to described current transformer by described quick diverter switch; The input of described fault current detecting element is connected to the link of described quick diverter switch and described current transformer, the first output of described fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of described tandem tap, and the second output of described fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of described quick diverter switch; Described current limiting reactor and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel; Described over-voltage protection element and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel.
In normal operation, the resistance value of fault current limiter is very little, little on the meritorious of superconducting motor system or reactive loss impact, is equivalent to transmission pressure.But after short trouble occurs, can fast and reliable ground limiting short-circuit current, operate time is shorter, and can not produce overvoltage in limit procedure, can protect the insulation of winding not to be damaged.
In the utility model embodiment, superconducting motor includes but not limited to half superconducting motor and full superconducting motor.Superconducting motor includes but not limited to cryomotor and superconducting generator.Superconducting motor includes but not limited to three phase electric machine and polyphase machine.Superconducting motor includes but not limited to adopt a set of armature winding superconducting motor and two cover and above armature winding motors.
As an embodiment of the present utility model, fault current limiter can adopt large capacity quick current-limiting device (being also called Fast Switch with Large Capacity), solid-state fault current limiter, superconductive failure current limiter, thermistor fault current limiter etc.
In the utility model embodiment; superconducting motor short-circuit protection process curent change schematic diagram as shown in Figure 5; after short trouble occurs; ensureing that superconductor is not under the prerequisite of quench; by the appropriate design of fault current limiter; can make fault current limiting short-circuit current amplitude and short circuit current rate of change before reaching peak value of short, short-circuit torque is also limited simultaneously.Obtain after restriction at short circuit current, circuit breaker action is excised short circuit trouble point from electrical network.In superconducting motor, adopt the short-circuit protection measure of fault current limiter, not only protect the inner each parts of superconducting motor not damaged, can also improve the overall control ability of transmission line and power transmission network operation, ensure the normal operation of electrical network and other equipment of electrical network.
The superconducting motor protection scheme of the utility model employing fault current limiter can be after short trouble occurs; the restriction amplitude of short-circuit current and the climbing speed of fault current fast; make it be limited in superconducting coil not within the scope of quench; protection superconducting motor not damaged (requirement of strength of mechanical support structure can according to conventional design of electrical motor), ensures that electrical network and other equipment of electrical network normally move.In the time that superconducting motor normally moves, fault current limiter is equivalent to wire, has avoided prior art to adopt short circuit safeguard measure in reactor scheme to increase system loss, reduce power factor, increase the problems such as Converter Capacity.
In the utility model embodiment, the application of superconducting motor system is very extensive, specifically can be applied in the wind generator system of superconducting motor, with the Ship Propulsion System of superconducting motor, with the traffic system of superconducting motor, with the space flight and aviation system of superconducting motor and with the metallurgical industry system of superconducting motor etc. field.
The superconducting motor system providing in order to illustrate further the utility model embodiment, it is existing that in conjunction with instantiation, details are as follows:
Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 6, the superconducting motor short circuit protection system that contains superconductive failure current limiter, this fault current limiter is a kind of saturated core type high tc superconducting fault current limiter, is in series by 2 reactance unshakable in one's determination.The last winding of each iron core is conventional coil, and the secondary winding on iron core is the direct current biasing coil being turned to by hts tape, as Bi-2223/Ag.Superconduction bias coil produces D.C. magnetic field under the effect of DC power supply, makes iron core in high saturation condition, and a windings in series is in superconducting motor system.In the time of normal operation, due to unshakable in one's determination high saturated, now fault current limiter is in low induction reactance state, and loss is less; In the time that machine end is short-circuited; the short circuit current that moment increases makes the magnetomotive force of a winding generation and the magnetomotive force counteracting that DC superconducting winding produces; the iron core of fault current limiter enters normal state by high saturation condition; thereby produce very high impedance; the amplitude and the climbing speed that have limited short circuit current, operate time is shorter, in the time of current over-zero; circuit breaker disengagement failure loop, has protected parts in superconducting motor and system thereof reliably.Selecting two-stage iron core is in order to distinguish limiting short-circuit current at positive half period and negative half-cycle.
Embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 7, the superconducting motor short circuit protection system that contains solid-state current limiter, this fault current limiter is a kind of Novel bridge type fault current limiter, and S1, S2, S3 and S4 are thyristor, and L is inductance, and Vb is direct current biasing power supply.In the time of normal work, S1, S2, S3 and S4 are normal triggering and conducting state, and regulation direct-current bias power supply makes the equiva lent impedance of flow restricter be close to 0; In the time that motor machine end is short-circuited, S3 (electric current is in positive half cycle) or S4 (electric current is in negative half period) cut-off, inductance L can seal in fault loop, thus the restriction of limiting short-circuit current amplitude and the climbing speed of short circuit current, operate time is shorter.In the time of short circuit current zero passage, S1 and S2 can automatically shut down, and circuit breaker disengagement failure loop, has protected parts in superconducting motor and system thereof reliably.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all any amendments of doing within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (2)
1. a superconducting motor system, is characterized in that, comprises the superconducting motor, fault current limiter, circuit breaker and the current transformer that are connected to transformer side in turn; Described fault current limiter is in the time that machine end is short-circuited fault, protects the not damaged and grid side equipment of described superconducting motor, described current transformer normally to move;
Described fault current limiter comprises tandem tap, fault current detecting element, quick diverter switch, current limiting reactor and over-voltage protection element; One end of described tandem tap is used for connecting described superconducting motor, and the other end of described tandem tap is connected to described circuit breaker by described quick diverter switch;
The input of described fault current detecting element is connected to the link of described quick diverter switch and described circuit breaker, the first output of described fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of described tandem tap, and the second output of described fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of described quick diverter switch;
Described current limiting reactor and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel;
Described over-voltage protection element and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel.
2. a superconducting motor system, is characterized in that, comprises the superconducting motor, fault current limiter and the circuit breaker that are connected to transformer side in turn; Described fault current limiter is in the time that described machine end is short-circuited fault, protects the not damaged and grid side equipment of described superconducting motor normally to move;
Described fault current limiter comprises tandem tap, fault current detecting element, quick diverter switch, current limiting reactor and over-voltage protection element; One end of described tandem tap is used for connecting described superconducting motor, and the other end of described tandem tap is connected to described circuit breaker by described quick diverter switch;
The input of described fault current detecting element is connected to the link of described quick diverter switch and described circuit breaker, the first output of described fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of described tandem tap, and the second output of described fault current detecting element is connected to the control end of described quick diverter switch;
Described current limiting reactor and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel;
Described over-voltage protection element and described quick diverter switch are connected in parallel.
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| CN201420103082.8U CN203800859U (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Superconducting motor system |
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| CN201420103082.8U CN203800859U (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Superconducting motor system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103825530A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-05-28 | 华中科技大学 | Superconducting motor system and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103825530A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-05-28 | 华中科技大学 | Superconducting motor system and application thereof |
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