CN203772852U - Rock free swelling ratio and water absorption determining device for laboratories - Google Patents
Rock free swelling ratio and water absorption determining device for laboratories Download PDFInfo
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- CN203772852U CN203772852U CN201420120302.8U CN201420120302U CN203772852U CN 203772852 U CN203772852 U CN 203772852U CN 201420120302 U CN201420120302 U CN 201420120302U CN 203772852 U CN203772852 U CN 203772852U
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 title abstract 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a rock free swelling ratio and water absorption determining device for laboratories. By using the Archimedes principle for reference and utilizing the basic principle that variation of the water swelling volumes of rocks in water causes variation of the displacement volumes of the rocks, the structure of the rock free swelling ratio and water absorption determining device is greatly simplified by adopting the technical means of sealing and wrapping rock samples to be determined with rubber membranes. The device has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in material selection, low in manufacturing cost, simplicity and convenience in operation and the like. The whole experimental device has small system errors, and experimental results are true, reliable and accurate. The rock free swelling ratio and water absorption determining device is especially suitable for laboratories and especially can simultaneously determine the free swelling ratios and water absorption of soft rocks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device for measuring the water physical property of rock, in particular to a device for measuring the free expansion rate and the water absorption rate of rock for a laboratory.
Background
The water physical property of the rock refers to the property of the rock expressed under the action of an aqueous solution, and the water absorption, hydraulic conductivity, softening property, freezing resistance, swelling property and solubility of the rock are important factors influencing the stability of rock engineering. The general engineering rock mass always exists in a certain water environment, and the mechanical properties of the engineering rock mass, such as strength, deformation, damage and the like, particularly the soft rock condition, are changed under the influence of the change of the water environment. Therefore, the accurate control of the water physical properties of the engineering rock mass has important significance for rock engineering, and particularly, the free expansion rate and the water absorption rate are important indexes for qualitative determination of hydrophilic soft rock.
In the standard of the engineering rock test method (GBT50266-1999), the free expansion rate and water absorption rate of rock are only suitable for rock which is not easily disintegrated by water, and the free expansion rate of hydrophilic soft rock cannot be measured. Another method for measuring the free expansion rate is to weigh a certain amount of broken rock sample, pour the rock sample into a measuring cylinder, shake the rock sample, record the initial volume of the sample, inject a sufficient amount of distilled water into the measuring cylinder, stand the rock sample in a thermostat to observe and record the volume change of the sample at regular time, wherein the free expansion rate is the increment of the volume of the sample divided by the initial volume.
Chinese patent application CN102830060A discloses a multifunctional rock expansion tester, which can be used for accurately measuring the rock expansion rate, but inevitably has the disadvantages of large size, complex structure, high cost, complex operation, etc. due to the measuring principle and structure.
On the other hand, the rock expansion tester in the prior art generally has the defect of single use function, and cannot meet the use requirement of simultaneously measuring the expansion rate and the water absorption rate of the rock.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a simple structure, easy and simple to handle, low in manufacturing cost is honest and clean, is suitable for rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate survey device that the laboratory used.
The utility model discloses a realize the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose adopted and be, a laboratory is with rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate survey device, a serial communication port, include: the top is provided with an open water container, an overflow water receiving device, a drainage device, a water adding device and a sample containing device; wherein,
the overflow water receiving device is detachably fixed on the bottom wall close to the inner side wall of the water container;
the water adding device is higher than the water container;
the sample containing device is arranged in the water containing container;
the sample containing device comprises an upper water-stop sheet, a sample to be detected, a permeable stone and a lower water-stop base from top to bottom in sequence;
the upper water-stop sheet is provided with a through hole and a first pipe orifice communicated with the through hole; the water adding device is in sealing insertion connection with the first pipe orifice through a first connecting pipe;
the lower waterproof base is hollow and provided with a through hole, and is provided with a second pipe orifice communicated with the through hole; the drainage device is in sealing insertion connection with the second pipe orifice through a second connecting pipe;
the upper water-stop sheet, the sample to be tested, the permeable stone and the lower water-stop base are tightly wrapped by an annular rubber film sleeve to form an integral structure which is all watertight at the periphery.
Preferably, the water container is further provided with a sealing cover, the sealing cover covers the water container when in use, and the sealing cover is provided with an air hole.
Further preferably, the side surfaces of the upper water-stop plate and the lower water-stop base are respectively provided with an annular groove for fixing the annular rubber film sleeve.
Further preferably, the water adding device is provided with a water outlet valve; and a valve is arranged between the drainage device and the sample containing device.
Preferably, the upper water-stop plate, the sample to be tested, the permeable stone and the lower water-stop base are all in a disc shape.
Preferably, the water adding device, the overflow water receiving device and the drainage device are all made of transparent materials and are of measuring cylinder type structures capable of directly reading scales of the internal water quantity.
The technical effect that above-mentioned technical scheme directly brought is that, whole experimental apparatus has simple structure, small, low in manufacturing cost, characteristics such as easy and simple to handle.
Moreover, in the technical scheme, the upper surface and the lower surface of the sample to be measured respectively adopt the water-stop sheet and the permeable stone with the through holes, and the water can be added from the outside to permeate the rock sample to be measured fully and gradually, or redundant water flows out from the rock sample to be measured. By adopting the technical means, the penetration speed and the penetration uniformity of water penetrating into the rock sample to be tested can be effectively controlled, the water absorption and expansion sufficiency of the rock sample to be tested is ensured, and the authenticity of an experimental result is further ensured.
In the technical scheme, the rubber film sleeve, the water-stop plate and the water-stop base are combined to form the sample containing device with the integral water-stop structure, wherein the rubber film sleeve is sleeved under the liquid level of the water containing container and can be fully extruded at the beginning of an experiment, namely before the sample is expanded by adding water, and is attached to rigid materials such as the water-stop plate, a sample to be detected and permeable stones, so that the guarantee is provided for accurately measuring the initial volume of the sample containing device at the beginning of the experiment; moreover, after the sample is added with water and begins to expand, the rubber film sleeve can ensure that the whole sample containing device can expand along with the expansion of the sample, and the volume change of the rock sample to be measured after water absorption can be reflected more truly and fully. That this say, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, concrete material and the structure that the sample held the device are realized the utility model discloses the key technological means of purpose, its simple structure, selected material characteristics such as convenient, low in manufacturing cost is honest and clean, easy and simple to handle, above-mentioned experimental apparatus's structural feature has directly leaded to its systematic error little, and the authenticity of experimental result is good, the accuracy is high.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, each connecting pipe all adopts rubber hose, carries out simple grafting according to the use needs and forms, and on the one hand, its waterproof leakproofness is good, easy and simple to handle, and on the other hand, the hose of this kind of rubber material can not cause the rock sample volume that awaits measuring to change the various constraints that the rigidity material that the in-process need be avoided probably brought to structural rationality and the practicality of whole experimental apparatus have further been guaranteed.
The utility model discloses a simple structure, reasonable, simple and easy testing arrangement of rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate when measuring the rock free expansion rate in three-dimensional space under the condition of not destroying the original structure of rock, can also measure the rock moisture content to confirm the interrelation of the two. The system has small error and flexible and simple operation, and has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress compared with various experimental devices in the prior art, which have complex structure, high cost and high operation difficulty.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate measuring device for a laboratory according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is the basis the utility model discloses a reflection rock free expansion rate and the curve chart of water absorption rate change law that the experimental result that rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate survey device carried out rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate survey was drawn.
Detailed Description
The following describes the rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate measuring device for laboratory according to the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a laboratory is with rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate survey device, include: the top is provided with an open water container 13, an overflow water receiving device 14, a drainage device 12, a water adding device 11 and a sample containing device 3; wherein,
the water adding device 11 is positioned higher than the water container 13;
the overflow water receiving device 14 is detachably fixed on the bottom wall at one side inside the water container 13;
the sample containing device 3 is arranged in the water containing container 13;
the sample containing device comprises an upper water-stop sheet 5, a sample to be detected 4, a permeable stone 2 and a lower water-stop base 1 from top to bottom in sequence;
the upper water-stop plate 5 is provided with a through hole and a first pipe orifice communicated with the through hole; the water adding device 11 is in sealing insertion connection with the first pipe orifice through a first connecting pipe;
the lower waterproof base 1 is hollow and provided with a through hole and a second pipe orifice communicated with the through hole; the drainage device 12 is in sealing insertion connection with the second pipe orifice through a second connecting pipe;
the upper water-stop sheet 5, the sample to be tested 4, the permeable stone 2 and the lower water-stop base 1 are tightly wrapped by an annular rubber film sleeve to form an integral structure which is all watertight.
The water container is also provided with a sealing cover 10 which is covered by the sealing cover 10 when in use, and the sealing cover is provided with a vent hole 7. Therefore, aiming at the characteristic that the experimental process time of the free expansion rate and the water absorption rate of the rock is long, generally, the experimental error caused by the evaporation of the water in the water container can be effectively reduced within one week to two weeks.
The side surfaces of the upper water-stop plate 5 and the lower water-stop base 1 are respectively provided with an annular groove for fixing the annular rubber film sleeve. Thus, the rubber film sleeve is conveniently and firmly fixed, so that the whole sample containing device 3 is ensured to be fully isolated from the peripheral water body, a reliable water-proof and waterproof space is formed, and water in the water containing container 13 is prevented from permeating into the sample 4 to be detected.
The water adding device is provided with a water outlet valve 9; a valve 19 is arranged between the drainage device 12 and the sample holding device. This is primarily a conventional design for ease of operation.
The upper water-stop sheet 5, the sample 4 to be measured, the permeable stone 3 and the lower water-stop base 1 are all in a disc shape. This ensures authenticity and accuracy of the mentioned measurements before and after the experiment, and convenience of the installation process.
The water adding device 11, the water discharging device 12 and the overflow water receiving device 14 are all made of transparent materials and are of measuring cylinder type structures capable of directly reading scales of the internal water quantity. By adopting the structure, all basic data required by the experiment can be directly read, and the operation difficulty of the whole experiment device is further simplified.
For better understanding of the present invention, the following embodiments are combined to describe in detail the usage of the device for measuring the free expansion rate and water absorption rate of rock in laboratory.
The utility model discloses a laboratory is with rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate survey device's application method includes following step in proper order:
firstly, adding water into a water container 13 to submerge a sample containing device 3 until the water reaches the top of an overflow water receiving device, and stopping adding water when the water overflows into the overflow water receiving device 14;
secondly, recording the initial water quantity V of the water adding device 111Opening a valve 9 below the water adding device, slowly adding water into the sample containing device, and allowing the added water to penetrate inwards through the surface layer of the sample to be detected through the through hole of the upper water-stop sheet 5;
after the sample to be tested is completely soaked, the redundant water continuously permeates downwards and gradually soaks the permeable stone 2 until the permeable stone 2 is completely soaked, and the redundant water flows into the drainage device 12;
thirdly, in the second step, the water quantity V in the water adding device at the moment is read at regular intervals2The amount of water V in the drainage device3；
When the lower surface of the water seepage stone is observed to be wet, a valve 9 above the drainage device is opened, water passing through the water seepage stone is discharged into a drainage device 12, and the water volume V overflowing from the water receiving device 14 at the moment is read at regular intervals4。
Fourthly, when the water does not overflow into the overflow water receiving device 14 any more, closing a valve 9 below the water adding device 11 to stop adding water into the sample containing device; at this time, the amount of water V in the overflow water receiving device 14 is read4；
When no water flows into the drainage device 12, the valve 19 above the drainage device 12 is closed, the experiment is ended, the total water yield of the water adding device and the water amount V in the drainage device in the state of ending the experiment are read and calculated3；
The fifth step, according to the formulaCalculating the free expansion rate of the rock at each moment at regular intervals and at the end of the experiment;
according to the formulaCalculating the water content of the sample to be measured at each moment at regular intervals;
in the formula:
V0: the initial volume of the rock sample to be measured;
m0: initial mass of the sample to be tested;
ρw: the density of the water;
V1: the initial water amount of the water adding device;
V2: the water quantity in the water adding device is added at each moment of a period of time;
V3: the amount of water in the drain at each moment of time.
For the basis the utility model discloses a rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate survey device carries out the curve chart of reflection rock free expansion rate and the water absorption rate change law that the experimental result drawing of rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate survey.
As shown in fig. 2, when the free expansion rate and the water content are measured, the measurement is obviously divided into three corresponding stages along with the change of time: the water content curve shows that the rock sample absorbs water and is divided into a rapid water absorption stage, a slow water absorption stage and a saturated water absorption stage, the free expansion rate curve corresponding to the water content curve is a rapid expansion stage, a slow expansion stage and an expansion saturation stage, the rock absorbs water and is obviously divided into three stages, the three stages are consistent with the actual situation, and the rules of the free expansion rate and the water absorption change of the rock are all reflected really.
Claims (6)
1. A rock free expansion rate and water absorption rate measuring device for a laboratory is characterized by comprising: the top is provided with an open water container, an overflow water receiving device, a drainage device, a water adding device and a sample containing device; wherein,
the overflow water receiving device is detachably fixed on the bottom wall close to the inner side wall of the water container;
the water adding device is higher than the water container;
the sample containing device is arranged in the water containing container;
the sample containing device comprises an upper water-stop sheet, a sample to be detected, a permeable stone and a lower water-stop base from top to bottom in sequence;
the upper water-stop sheet is provided with a through hole and a first pipe orifice communicated with the through hole; the water adding device is in sealing insertion connection with the first pipe orifice through a first connecting pipe;
the lower waterproof base is hollow and provided with a through hole, and is provided with a second pipe orifice communicated with the through hole; the drainage device is in sealing insertion connection with the second pipe orifice through a second connecting pipe;
the upper water-stop sheet, the sample to be tested, the permeable stone and the lower water-stop base are tightly wrapped by an annular rubber film sleeve to form an integral structure which is all watertight at the periphery.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water container is further provided with a sealing cover, which is covered by the sealing cover during use, and the sealing cover is provided with a vent hole.
3. The device for measuring the free expansion rate and the water absorption rate of the rock in the laboratory according to claim 1, wherein the side surfaces of the upper water-stop plate and the lower water-stop base are respectively provided with an annular groove for fixing the annular rubber film sleeve.
4. The laboratory rock free expansion and water absorption rate measuring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water adding device is provided with a water outlet valve; and a valve is arranged between the drainage device and the sample containing device.
5. The laboratory rock free expansion and water absorption rate measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the upper water-stop sheet, the sample to be tested, the permeable stone and the lower water-stop base are all in a disk shape.
6. The laboratory rock free expansion and water absorption rate measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the water feeding device, the overflow water receiving device and the water discharging device are all made of transparent materials to form a measuring cylinder type structure capable of directly reading the scale of the internal water amount.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420120302.8U CN203772852U (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | Rock free swelling ratio and water absorption determining device for laboratories |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420120302.8U CN203772852U (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | Rock free swelling ratio and water absorption determining device for laboratories |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203772852U true CN203772852U (en) | 2014-08-13 |
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| CN201420120302.8U Expired - Fee Related CN203772852U (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | Rock free swelling ratio and water absorption determining device for laboratories |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104634729A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-20 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | Multi-factor gyprock expansion testing method |
| CN106018266A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-10-12 | 山东科技大学 | Rock expansion test device |
| CN111088978A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-05-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Shale expansion performance evaluation device and method |
-
2014
- 2014-03-18 CN CN201420120302.8U patent/CN203772852U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104634729A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-20 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | Multi-factor gyprock expansion testing method |
| CN104634729B (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2017-03-08 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | Multifactor selenolite expansion test method |
| CN106018266A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-10-12 | 山东科技大学 | Rock expansion test device |
| CN106018266B (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2019-02-05 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of rock expansion experimental rig |
| CN111088978A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-05-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Shale expansion performance evaluation device and method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140813 Termination date: 20150318 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |