CN203651766U - Secondary locking device for bottom door of hopper car and hopper car - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a secondary locking device for a bottom door of a hopper car and a hopper car. The secondary locking device is used for the secondary locking of the bottom door of the railway hopper car. The railway hopper car comprises the bottom door and a primary locking device. The secondary locking device comprises a hook part and a spring unit, wherein the hook part is mounted on the car body outside the bottom door through a pivot and can pivot along the car body, a first side of the hook part comprises a guide part and a locking part, the locking part is suitable for forming locking fit with the bottom door of the hopper car so as to apply upward lift force on the bottom door, and the guide part is suitable for guiding the hook part and the bottom of the hopper car to enter a locking state from an unlocked state; one end of the spring unit is connected with a second side of the hook part, the second side and the first side are respectively arranged on the two sides of the pivot, and the other end of the spring unit is connected with other parts which are connected with the car body outside the bottom door and used for applying force on the hook part. Through the mode, secondary locking is realized, and the safety of the hopper car is improved.

Description

Hopper wagon bottom door secondary locking device and hopper car

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of hopper wagon bottom door secondary locking device and hopper car, belongs to rolling stock technical field.

Background technology

Bottom door opening and closing mechanism for door hopper car at the bottom of the railway of loading for ore, coal and other items adopts mechanical linkage transmission device conventionally.Vehicle is in operational process, and bottom door is positioned at car bottom, bears cargo weight.Open if bottom door occurs vehicle in operational process, goods can dump on the line, the serious accident such as cause vehicle derailing or tumble.So for guaranteeing vehicle operating safety, bottom door must be provided with failure-free locking mode or device voluntarily, can automatically not open to guarantee vehicle to be in operation bottom door locking.

At present, at the bottom of railway, door hopper car bottom door adopts mechanical linkage transmission mechanism control switch gate, and the structure diagram of its state of closing the door as shown in Figure 1.

Bottom door main shaft 5 is arranged in the bearing seat being fixed on car body, is integrated with toggle linkage 93 is fixed, in a bearing seat coexisting on car body, rotates.Toggle linkage 93 is hinged with connecting rod 92, and connecting rod 92, by hinged with bottom door 91, is controlled the switch of bottom door 91.Fan the deadweight of bottom door 91 and the load of carrying is respectively G for one group two ₁and G ₂, promoting its mount pin of bottom door automatic winding and rotate, the easy appearance of bottom door 91 is opened automatically.The load that bottom door 91 is conducted oneself with dignity and carried, applies power F by connecting rod 92 to toggle linkage 93 ₁and F ₂, due to F ₁and F ₂active line neither collinear, depart from again the center of turn of toggle linkage, the arm of force length of the center of turn to toggle linkage is respectively e ₁and e ₂, the center of turn of toggle linkage 93 is produced to moment, promote toggle linkage and rotate counterclockwise.Rotate gradually along with promoting toggle linkage 93, bottom door 99 is also opened thereupon gradually.

Open voluntarily in order to prevent bottom door 91, common locking mode is: adopt door closing force that bottom door main shaft 95 and toggle linkage 93 are clockwise rotated to some angles, preloading spring 96 applies predetermincd tension to bottom door 91 simultaneously, promotes bottom door and opening and closing device thereof and rotates, and reaches state as shown in Figure 2.Under this state, the deadweight of bottom door 1 and the load G of carrying ₁and G ₂still can promote its mount pin of bottom door automatic winding and rotate, and by connecting rod 92, toggle linkage 93 be applied to power F ₁and F ₂.Due to F ₁and F ₂active line neither collinear, depart from again the center of turn of toggle linkage, the arm of force length of the center of turn to toggle linkage is respectively e ₁and e ₂, to toggle linkage 93 moment that rotates, promote toggle linkage 93 and occur after small clockwise rotating, encounter the limiting block 94 that is arranged on toggle linkage top, constraint toggle linkage, makes it stop being rotated further, correspondingly stop bottom door to be opened, thereby realized bottom door locking.

Employing only has the bottom door opening and closing mechanism structure of one-level self-locking connecting rod mechanism simple, but due to Vehicular vibration, distortion and rotation width abrasion impact in vehicle production tolerance and utilization, the jointed gear unit of bottom door opening and closing there will be the load F being carried on toggle linkage conventionally ₁and F ₂active line, the bias deficiency of the center of turn to toggle linkage, causes toggle linkage to depart from limiting block, occurs self-lock force not or self-lock force is eliminated and lost locking effect, cause vehicle to be in operation and bottom door occurs from opening phenomenon, the serious accident such as when serious, vehicle derailing occurs or tumble.Open for fear of bottom door device is improper, improve safety, need to increase secondary locking device.

In order to provide into secondary latch-up protection, Chinese patent application 200710305095.8 provides a kind of scheme of bottom door secondary locking.Thereby to be the rotation that bottom door main shaft is limited to main shaft by lock pin and the fixing mode of Truck Frame Model realize secondary locking for it.The transformation of the realization of this scheme based on surface facility, its surface facility structure is more complicated, is unfavorable for user's working service; , when orbiting, vehicle inevitably can swing meanwhile, the wheel trolley adopting in above-mentioned application or can not contact with the inclined-plane that opens the door, otherwise amount of compression is excessive, and lock pin is bent, and both of these case all can not effectively be realized " secondary locking functions ".

Utility model content

The utility model proposes in order to address the above problem just, the technical problems to be solved in the utility model is, a kind of bottom door of railway hopper car secondary locking device is provided, realize the convenient and reliable secondary locking of railcar bottom door, in case one-level locking device is ineffective, can independently bear locking functions, avoid that bottom door device is improper to be opened.

The utility model adopts following technical scheme to solve the problems referred to above:

According to first aspect of the present utility model, it relates to a kind of bottom door of railway hopper car secondary locking device, for the secondary locking of bottom door of railway hopper car; Described railway hopper car comprises bottom door, one-level closing appliance; Described secondary closing appliance comprises: hook part, described hook part is by pivotal mounting on the car body outside bottom door, and can be along car body pivotable, the first side of described hook part comprises guide part and latch portion, described latch portion is suitable for forming locking with described hopper wagon bottom door and coordinates to apply hoisting force upwards to described bottom door, and described guiding parts is suitable for guiding described hook part and described hopper car bottom to enter blocking by disengaged condition; Its one end of spring unit is connected with the second side of described hook part, and this second side and this first side lay respectively at the both sides of described pivot, and the other end of described spring unit is connected other parts and connects with the car body outside bottom door, for to the described hook part application of force.

Further, described hook part coordinates formation blocking with the extension pin that is fixed on bottom door.

Further, described hook part is plate hook.

Further, in bottom door closing process, after hanging pin and contacting with the spigot surface of hook part, thus the power of closing of bottom door hang and sell extruded hook parts and be pivoted by spigot surface, the rotation of hook part produces screen resilience after causing extension spring element deformation; After described extension pin contacts with plate hook lock portion, the screen resilience of spring device by hook latch portion to the described extension pin application of force with by lock portion and hang pin fasten.

Further, in the time removing described secondary locking, make described extension pin depart from described latch portion by plate hook being applied to rotational force to overcome the screen resilience of spring unit, thereby complete release.

Further, described spring unit comprises sliding shoe, spring, spring perch; Described spring is placed in the sleeve of described spring perch; Described sliding shoe comprises sliding shoe round pin and slide mass, and described slide mass can slide in described sleeve; Spring perch is tubbiness, comprises guide groove, cylindrical shell and spring perch round pin, and spring perch is hinged by described spring perch round pin and spring unit mount pad; Described hook part is lever, the second side of described hook part comprises push-and-pull pin-and-hole, push-and-pull pin-and-hole is hinged by the sliding shoe round pin of described spring unit and the sliding shoe of described spring unit, drives to described spring installation with the moment that the extension pin of described bottom door is applied plate hook.

Further, wherein the contact surface of this device arranges anti-wearing liner.

Further, described pivot is mount pin, and described mount pin is fixed on the car body outside described bottom door; Described hook part comprises installation pin-and-hole, is arranged on the face of cylinder of described mount pin by this installation pin-and-hole.

According to another aspect of the present utility model, it relates to a kind of railway hopper car, and it comprises: bottom door, can winding be placed in the bottom door main shaft pivotable on car body, to realize switching; Open and close actuating unit, comprise, be installed on the transmission shaft on vehicle frame, and the perpendicular lever setting firmly on transmission shaft, the end of described lever is hinged with the connecting rod for driving bottom door opening and closing; One-level closing appliance, comprises limiting block, and after described switching actuating unit drives described bottom door to cut out, it stops described switching actuating unit rotation, to stop bottom door to rotate to the direction of opening; Also comprise aforesaid secondary locking device.

According to another aspect of the present utility model, it relates to a kind of railway hopper car, and it comprises: bottom door, can winding be placed in the bottom door main shaft pivotable on car body, to realize switching; One-level closing appliance, it is opened after closing automatically for limiting described bottom door; It is characterized in that, described hopper car comprises aforesaid secondary locking device.

The utility model has adopted the mode of above-mentioned hook part and spring unit combination afterwards by directly catching on bottom door, stops bottom door to rotate, thereby realizes bottom door locking.It is simple in structure, safe and reliable, and mechanism's reasonable stress is simple in structure, and maintenance and inspection are convenient, thereby can realize the secondary locking of bottom door excessively solid and reliablely.Therefore, this technology can significantly improve the reliability of vehicle bottom door locking, more effectively prevents from that vehicle is in operation to occur, because bottom door is from the serious accident such as open the derailing that self-unloading causes and tumble, to guarantee vehicle operating and personal security.

Accompanying drawing explanation

By reading below detailed description of the preferred embodiment, various other advantage and benefits will become cheer and bright for those of ordinary skills.Accompanying drawing is only for the object of preferred implementation is shown, and do not think restriction of the present utility model.And in whole accompanying drawing, represent identical parts by identical reference symbol.In the accompanying drawings:

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural scheme of mechanism of bottom door and opening and closing device in prior art;

Accompanying drawing 2 is bottom door and opening and closing device institutional level lock structure schematic diagram in prior art;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the secondary locking setting position schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment mono-;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the secondary locking apparatus structure schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment mono-;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the plate hook schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment mono-;

Accompanying drawing 6 is, after the bottom door in the utility model embodiment mono-is opened, to hang pin and plate hook disengaged position schematic diagram;

Accompanying drawing 7 is closed the door in process and is hung pin extruding plate hook rotation spring compressive state schematic diagram for the bottom door in the utility model embodiment mono-;

Accompanying drawing 8 is that the bottom door in the utility model embodiment mono-is hung pin extruding plate hook rotation process force analysis sketch;

Accompanying drawing 9 is in the bottom door closing process in the utility model embodiment mono-, to hang pin extruding plate hook bill, is about to enter locking groove schematic diagram;

When accompanying drawing 10 is closed end for the bottom door in the utility model embodiment mono-, hang pin and enter locking groove, bottom door is blocked view;

Accompanying drawing 11 is the bottom door locking states force analysis sketch in the utility model embodiment mono-;

Accompanying drawing 12 is the releasing bottom door locking states force analysis sketch in the utility model embodiment mono-;

Accompanying drawing 13 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment bis-;

Accompanying drawing 14 is the structural representation in the utility model embodiment bis-;

Accompanying drawing 15 is the spring installation structural representation in the utility model embodiment bis-;

Accompanying drawing 16 is the sliding shoe structural representation in the utility model embodiment bis-;

Accompanying drawing 17 is the spring seat structure schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment bis-;

Accompanying drawing 18 is the plate hook structural representation in the utility model embodiment bis-;

Accompanying drawing 19 is that the bottom door in the utility model embodiment bis-is opened rear extension pin and plate hook disengaged position schematic diagram;

Accompanying drawing 20 is closed the door in process and is hung pin extruding plate hook rotation spring compressive state structural representation for the bottom door in the utility model embodiment bis-;

Accompanying drawing 21 is that the bottom door in the utility model embodiment bis-is hung pin extruding plate hook rotation process force analysis figure;

Accompanying drawing 22 is about to enter locking groove structure schematic diagram for hanging pin extruding plate hook bill in the bottom door closing process in the utility model embodiment bis-;

When accompanying drawing 23 is closed end for the bottom door in the utility model embodiment bis-, extension pin enters locking groove bottom door and is blocked status architecture schematic diagram;

Accompanying drawing 24 is the bottom door locking states force analysis figure in the utility model embodiment bis-;

Accompanying drawing 25 is the releasing bottom door locking states force analysis figure in the utility model embodiment bis-;

Accompanying drawing 26 is the structural representation in the utility model embodiment tri-.

The specific embodiment

Exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is described below with reference to accompanying drawings in more detail.Although shown exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure in accompanying drawing, but should be appreciated that and can realize the disclosure and the embodiment that should do not set forth limits here with various forms.On the contrary, it is in order more thoroughly to understand the disclosure that these embodiment are provided, and can be by the those skilled in the art that conveys to complete the scope of the present disclosure.

Embodiment mono-

As shown in Figure 3,4, the bottom door of railway hopper car secondary locking device of describing in the present embodiment, comprises plate hook 1, plate hook mount pin 2, extension spring 3, spring perch 4, bottom door extension pin 5.It should be noted that, be understandable that although the example shown in the present embodiment is plate hook, also can not use plate hook, and adopt the hook part of other shape also can solve technical matters of the present utility model.

As shown in Figure 5, plate hook 1 is lever, comprises spigot surface 11, locking groove 12, pin-and-hole 13, extension spring mounting hole 14 are installed.Wherein spigot surface 11 enters locking groove 12 for the extension pin 5 that guides bottom door, and locking groove 12, for coordinating with the extension pin 5 of bottom door, guarantees not throw off all the time at the extension pin 5 of locking states bottom door, makes bottom door in locking states.Install in pin-and-hole 13 and can inlay anti-wearing liner to improve service life, be arranged on the face of cylinder of plate hook mount pin 2, can rotate around plate hook mount pin 2.Extension spring mounting hole 14, for connecting extension spring, drives to extension spring 3 by the moment applying of 5 pairs of plate hooks 1 of extension pin of bottom door, causes producing screen resilience after extension spring tensile deformation, keeps plate hook in moment balance state.

Plate hook mount pin 2 is straight pin, and wherein the end of one end adopts welding, riveted joint, fastener connection or other connection modes to be fixed on car body, and the other end adopts the movement of fastener restriction plate hook 1.Cylinder coordinates with the installation pin-and-hole 13 of plate hook 1, the radial weight of carrying plate hook 1 transmission.

Extension spring 3 one end connect plate hooks 1, and the other end is fastened on the spring perch 4 on car body, and along with the rotation of plate hook 1 produces screen resilience after causing extension spring tensile deformation, the rotating torque of balance plate hook, keeps plate hook in moment balance state.

The extension pin 5 of bottom door is straight pin, and the face of cylinder coordinates with plate hook 1, completes locking and release to bottom door, the load of transmission bottom door to secondary locking device.Wherein the end of one end adopts welding, riveted joint, fastener connection or other connection modes to be fixed on the side of bottom door.For increasing the service life, can outside the face of cylinder, inlay the wear-resistant sleeve that cover can be changed, adopt fastener restriction wear-resistant sleeve to move axially.The face of cylinder coordinates with plate hook 1, and the load of conduction bottom door to secondary locking device, completes locking and release to bottom door.

Plate hook 1 adopts the opposing layout of locking groove.Adopt the rotating torque of the screen resilience balance plate hook of extension spring, keep bottom door locking reliable.

At bottom door locking states, as long as the screen resilience F of spring 3 ₃be greater than the minimum balancing force of required spring, can stop the extension pin 5 of bottom door to promote plate hook 1 rotates, keep plate hook 1 transfixion, the locking groove 12 of plate hook 1 tightly fastens the extension pin 5 of bottom door, the extension pin 5 of bottom door can not depart from the locking groove 12 of plate hook 1, can keep the locking to bottom door, prevent from that bottom door is improper to open, reach the object of locking bottom door.

In sum, bottom door deadweight and the load acting on bottom door are hung pin 5 to plate hook 1 gearing power by bottom door, application force reaches car body by plate hook mount pin 2, application force causes spring tensile deformation to the moment of plate hook mount pin, the screen resilience producing after spring tensile deformation produces balancing torque to the moment of plate hook mount pin 2, each power is equalled zero to the resultant moment of plate hook mount pin 2, keep plate hook in moment balance state.

Adopt the working process of above-mentioned secondary locking device as follows:

As shown in Figure 6, in the time that bottom door is opened, hang pin 5 and throw off with plate hook 1, plate hook 1 does not bear any load, and extension spring 3 is in free state, and spring length is drift.

As shown in Figure 7, in bottom door closing process, when hanging after pin 5 touching plate hooks 1, bottom door is closed power and is sold 5 extruding plate hooks 1 by extension, promote plate hook 2 winding board hook mount pins 2 and rotate, after the rotation traction extension spring tensile deformation of plate hook 1, produce screen resilience, cause extension spring to occur that producing screen resilience bottom door opening and closing mechanism after tensile deformation is greater than minimum door closing force to the power of closing of bottom door if rotated, bottom door opening and closing mechanism can overcome the close resistance of secondary locking device to bottom door, and bottom door is closed gradually.

The force analysis of bottom door closed condition is referring to Fig. 8.In bottom door closing process, when hanging after pin 5 touching plate hooks 1, bottom door is closed power and is sold 5 extruding plate hooks 1 by extension, promotes plate hook 1 winding board hook mount pin 2 and rotates, and plate hook 1, keeps plate hook in moment balance state.

When hanging after pin 5 touching plate hooks 1, the stressed of bottom door is: the close power F of bottom door opening and closing mechanism to bottom door ₀, the deadweight F of bottom door _g, secondary locking device is closed resistance F ' to bottom door.The spigot surface 11 of plate hook 1 is hung the directed force F on the face of cylinder of pin 5 to bottom door ' act on contact point place, direction, along the common normal of contact surface, is pointed to bottom door and is hung pin 5 centers.

In the process of closing at bottom door, the power system that acts on bottom door levels off to balance, and the resultant moment of balanced system of force equals zero.

ΣM ₀=F ₀×L ₀-F _G×L _G-F'×L ₁=0..........①

In formula:

Σ M ₀-act on various power on the bottom door moment with respect to bottom door center of turn.

F ₀the close power of-bottom door opening and closing mechanism to bottom door.

L ₀the arm of force length of the close power relative bottom door centre of gration of-bottom door opening and closing mechanism to bottom door.

F _gthe deadweight of-bottom door.

L _g-bottom door the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration of conducting oneself with dignity.

F'-plate hook is hung the application force of pin to bottom door, be the resistance of closing bottom door.

L ₁-plate hook is hung the arm of force length of the antagonistic force of selling to bottom door centre of gration to bottom door.

Secondary locking device is closed resistance F to bottom door ₁the screen resilience F by compressed extension spring 3 ₃produce, the power system that acts on plate hook 1 levels off to balance, and the resultant moment of balanced system of force equals zero.

ΣM ₁=F ₁×L ₂-F ₃×L ₃=0................②

In formula:

Σ M ₁-various the power on plate hook of acting on are with respect to plate hook center of turn O ₁moment.

F ₁in the process that-bottom door is closed, bottom door is hung the application force of pin to plate hook, can promote plate hook and rotate.

L ₂-bottom door is hung and is sold to the application force of plate hook the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn.

F ₃the screen resilience of-extension spring.

L ₃the arm of force length of the screen resilience of-extension spring to plate hook center of turn.

Merge 1., 2., try to achieve minimum door closing force:

$F_{0\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000032.png,HDA0000414949670000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_3\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000032.png,HDA0000414949670000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_3+F_G\&times;L_G\&times;L_2}{L_0\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000041.png,HDA0000414949670000042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2}$ ............③

In formula:

F _0minthe minimum thrust of the connecting rod of bottom door open-close device to bottom door in the process that-bottom door is closed.

F ₃the screen resilience of-extension spring.

L ₁-plate hook is hung the arm of force length of the antagonistic force of selling to bottom door centre of gration to bottom door.

L ₃the arm of force length of the screen resilience of-extension spring to plate hook center of turn.

F _gthe deadweight of-bottom door.

L _g-bottom door the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration of conducting oneself with dignity.

L ₂-bottom door is hung and is sold to the application force of plate hook the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn.

L ₀-connecting rod is the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration to the thrust of bottom door.

When the extension pin 5 of bottom door is touched after plate hook 1, if bottom door opening and closing mechanism is greater than minimum door closing force to the power of closing of bottom door, bottom door opening and closing mechanism can overcome the close resistance of secondary locking device to bottom door, and bottom door is closed gradually.

As shown in Figure 9, bottom door continues to close gradually, and the extension pin 5 of bottom door continues extruding plate hook 1, and promotion plate hook 1 continues winding board hook mount pin 2 and rotates, and the rotation traction extension spring 3 of plate hook 1 constantly stretches.In the time that the extension pin 5 of bottom door slides into the arc surface of bill of plate hook 1 along the spigot surface 11 that promotes plate hook 1, be about to enter locking groove 12, referring to Fig. 9.

Bottom door continues to close gradually, bottom door is hung pin 5 and is crossed after the arc surface of bill of plate hook 1, enter locking groove 12, the screen resilience of extension spring 3 drives plate hook 1 winding board hook mount pin 2 to rotate the face of cylinder of the extension pin 5 of tightly pushing down bottom door, the extension pin 5 of bottom door slides into position, locking position along the arc surface of locking groove 12, and the locking groove 12 of plate hook 1 is hung pin 5 by bottom door and tightly fastened, and completes the locking to bottom door, now bottom door is closed end, referring to Figure 10.

In the time opening bottom door unloading, first need to remove the locking of secondary locking device to bottom door.Be greater than the minimum of the removing bottom door locking power of opening the door as long as apply one by bottom door open-close device to bottom door, plate hook 1 will overcome the bounce of extension spring 3 and rotates, after plate hook 1 rotation, the locking groove 12 of plate hook 1 cannot fasten bottom door again and hang pin 5, bottom door is hung pin 5 and is thrown off from the locking groove 12 of plate hook 1, the locking of bottom door is removed completely, and secondary locking device no longer stops the motion of bottom door.

The force analysis of bottom door locking states is referring to Figure 11.Plate hook 1 links closely after bottom door extension pin 5, and the stressed of bottom door is: bottom door top cargo weight F _w, bottom door deadweight F _g, preloading spring screen resilience F _j.Plate hook 1 retrains the smooth side that is constrained to of bottom door extension pin 5, and the locking concave surface of plate hook 1 is hung the directed force F on the face of cylinder of pin 5 to bottom door ' act on contact point place, direction is along the common normal of contact surface, and sensing bottom door is hung and is sold 5 centers.The power that acts on bottom door is convergence balance, and the resultant moment of balanced system of force equals zero.

ΣM ₀=F'×L ₁-F _G×L _G-F _W×L _W-F _J×L _J=0………………④

In formula:

Σ M ₀-various the power on bottom door of acting on are with respect to bottom door center of turn O ₀moment.

F'-plate hook is hung the application force of pin to bottom door, be the resistance of closing bottom door.

L ₁-plate hook is hung the arm of force length of the antagonistic force of selling to bottom door centre of gration to bottom door.

F _gthe deadweight of-bottom door.

L _g-bottom door the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration of conducting oneself with dignity.

F _w-bottom door top cargo weight.

L _wthe arm of force length of-bottom door top cargo weight to bottom door centre of gration.

F _jthe thrust of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door.

L _jthe arm of force length of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door centre of gration.

Bottom door top cargo weight W and bottom door deadweight G must cause that bottom door rotates two bottom door is opened, and for stoping bottom door to be opened, plate hook 1 tightly fastens the extension pin 5 that is cemented in the bottom door on bottom door.The directed force F of the locking groove 12 of 5 pairs of plate hooks 1 of extension pin of bottom door ₁to promote plate hook 1 winding board hook mount pin 2 and rotate, and after the rotation of plate hook 1 traction extension spring tensile deformation, produce screen resilience, and impel the power system that acts on plate hook 1 to level off to balance, plate hook keeps quiescence, and the resultant moment of balanced system of force equals zero.

ΣM ₁=F ₁×L ₂-F ₃×L ₃=0................⑤

In formula:

Σ M ₁-various the power on plate hook of acting on are with respect to plate hook center of turn O ₁moment.

F ₁in the process that-bottom door is closed, bottom door is hung the Shu Fanli of pin to plate hook, can promote plate hook and rotate.

L ₂-bottom door is hung and is sold to the application force of plate hook the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn.

F ₃the screen resilience of-extension spring.。

L ₃the arm of force length of the screen resilience of-extension spring to plate hook center of turn.

Merge 4., 5., try to achieve the minimum balancing force of required spring that keeps bottom door locking:

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000032.png,HDA0000414949670000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_{3^{\min }}=\frac{(F_G\&times;L_G+F_W\&times;L_W+F_J\&times;L_J)\&times;L_2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000032.png,HDA0000414949670000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_3}$ ......⑥

In formula:

F _0minthe minimum balancing force of required spring of-maintenance bottom door locking.

F _gthe deadweight of-bottom door.

L _g-bottom door the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration of conducting oneself with dignity.

F _w-bottom door top cargo weight.

L _wthe arm of force length of-bottom door top cargo weight to bottom door centre of gration.

F _jthe thrust of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door.

L _jthe arm of force length of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door centre of gration.

L ₂-bottom door is hung and is sold to the application force of plate hook the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn.

L ₁-plate hook is hung the arm of force length of the antagonistic force of selling to bottom door centre of gration to bottom door.

L ₃-extension spring is the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn to the pulling force of plate hook.

Known by above-mentioned analysis: at bottom door locking states, as long as the screen resilience F of spring 3 ₃be greater than the minimum balancing force of required spring, can stop the extension pin 5 of bottom door to promote plate hook 1 and rotate, the locking groove 12 of plate hook 1 tightly fastens the extension pin 5 of bottom door, and the extension pin 5 of bottom door can not depart from the locking groove 12 of plate hook 1, can keep the locking to bottom door, prevent from that bottom door is improper to open.

Due to L ₁length be greater than L _gand L _wlength, L ₃length much larger than L ₂length, therefore, F _3minvalue little, only need less recoil of spring power just can realize the moment balance of plate hook 1, keep plate hook 1 transfixion, reach the object of locking bottom door.

In the time opening bottom door unloading, as shown in figure 12, first need secondary locking device to remove the locking to bottom door, depart from the locking groove 12 of plate hook 1 by the extension pin 5 of bottom door.The force analysis of this operating mode as shown in figure 12.Bottom door open-close device applies to bottom door the power F that opens the door ₀, being about to start to rotate critical conditions at bottom door, bottom door is still in state of equilibrium, and resultant moment equals zero.

ΣM ₀=F'×L ₁-F _G×L _G-F _W×L _W-F _J×L _J-F ₀×L ₀=0 ⑦

In formula:

Σ M ₀-various the power on bottom door of acting on are with respect to bottom door center of turn O ₀moment.

F'-plate hook is hung the application force of pin to bottom door, be the resistance of closing bottom door.

L ₁-plate hook is hung the arm of force length of the antagonistic force of selling to bottom door centre of gration to bottom door.

F _gthe deadweight of-bottom door.

L _g-bottom door the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration of conducting oneself with dignity.

F _w-bottom door top cargo weight.

L _wthe arm of force length of-bottom door top cargo weight to bottom door centre of gration.

F _jthe thrust of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door.

L _jthe arm of force length of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door centre of gration.

F ₀the thrust of the connecting rod of-bottom door open-close device to bottom door.

L ₀-connecting rod is the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration to the thrust of bottom door.

When the locking groove 12 of plate hook 1 tightly fastens bottom door extension pin 5, the locking concave surface 12 of plate hook 1 bears the extension of bottom door and sells 5 pressure F1, the rotating torque that plate hook 1 is produced, rotating torque plate hook 1 being produced by the bounce of spring 12 balances each other with it, and resultant moment equals zero.

ΣM ₁=F ₁×L ₂-F ₃×L ₃=0................⑧

In formula:

Σ M ₁-various the power on plate hook of acting on are with respect to plate hook center of turn O ₁moment.

F ₁-bottom door is hung the Shu Fanli of pin to plate hook, can drive plate hook to rotate.

L ₂-bottom door is hung and is sold to the application force of plate hook the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn.

F ₃the screen resilience of-extension spring.

L ₃the arm of force length of the screen resilience of-extension spring to plate hook center of turn.

Merge 7., 8., try to achieve the minimum of the removing bottom door locking power of opening the door:

$F_{0\min }={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000032.png,HDA0000414949670000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_3\&times;\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;L_3}{L_0\&times;L_2}-\frac{F_W\&times;L_w+F_G\&times;L_G+F_J\&times;L_J}{L_0}$ ...⑨

In formula:

F _0min-the minimum of the removing bottom door locking power of opening the door.

F ₃the screen resilience of-extension spring.

L ₁-plate hook is hung the arm of force length of the antagonistic force of selling to bottom door centre of gration to bottom door.

L ₃the arm of force length of the screen resilience of-extension spring to plate hook center of turn.

L ₀-connecting rod is the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration to the thrust of bottom door.

L ₂-bottom door is hung and is sold to the application force of plate hook the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn.

F _w-bottom door top cargo weight.

L _wthe arm of force length of-bottom door top cargo weight to bottom door centre of gration.

F _gthe deadweight of-bottom door.

L _g-bottom door the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration of conducting oneself with dignity.

F _jthe thrust of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door.

L _jthe arm of force length of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door centre of gration.

L ₀-connecting rod is the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration to the tractive force of bottom door.

Due to the power of opening the door of secondary locking device increase of the present utility model being installed:

${\mathrm{\&Delta;F}}_{0\min }={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000032.png,HDA0000414949670000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_3\&times;\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;L_3}{L_0\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000041.png,HDA0000414949670000042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2}$ ....................⑩

In formula:

Δ F _0min-power of opening the door that secondary locking device of the present utility model increases is installed.

F ₃the screen resilience of-extension spring.

L ₁-plate hook is hung the arm of force length of the antagonistic force of selling to bottom door centre of gration to bottom door.

L ₃the arm of force length of the screen resilience of-extension spring to plate hook center of turn.

L ₀-connecting rod is the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration to the thrust of bottom door.

L ₂-bottom door is hung and is sold to the application force of plate hook the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn.

It is known by above-mentioned analysis: in the time that needs are removed bottom door locking states, be greater than the minimum of the removing bottom door locking power of opening the door as long as apply one by bottom door open-close device to bottom door, plate hook 1 will overcome the bounce of extension spring 3 and rotates, after plate hook 1 rotation, the locking groove 12 of plate hook 1 cannot fasten bottom door again and hang pin, the extension pin 5 of bottom door is thrown off from the locking groove 12 of plate hook 1, and the locking of bottom door is removed completely, and secondary locking device no longer stops the motion of bottom door.

Embodiment bis-

As shown in Figure 13,14, this programme is made up of spring installation 201, plate hook 202, plate hook mount pin 203, spring installation mount pad 204, extension pin 205 etc.Spring installation 201 adopts Compress Spring, and plate hook 202 adopts locking groove positioned opposite.Referring to Figure 13 and Figure 14, the basic functional principle of this embodiment bis-, algorithm, basic structure, force analysis, method of calculating etc. are all identical with embodiment mono-.The key distinction is the mounting means difference of plate hook, and locking groove changes positioned opposite into by opposing layout; The spring of application force plate hook being applied for balance bottom door changes Compress Spring into by extension spring, and corresponding variation also occurs the profile of the mounting means of spring, the position of articulating point of mechanism, path of motion, plate hook etc.

As shown in figure 15, spring installation 201 is tube-in-tube structure, is made up of sliding shoe 21, spring 22, spring perch 23 etc., and by sliding shoe 21, sliding axially in spring perch 23 realized the flexible of spring installation.Adopt Compress Spring to be arranged in the spring device of tube-in-tube structure, application force plate hook 2 being applied for balance bottom door, bottom door keeps Locked.Sliding shoe 21 comprises round pin 21a and slide mass 21b, referring to Figure 16.Spring perch 23 is cylindric, comprising: guide groove 23a, cylindrical shell 23b, round pin 23c, and referring to Figure 17.

Plate hook 2 is lever, comprises spigot surface 211, locking groove 212, pin-and-hole 213, push-and-pull pin-and-hole 214 etc. are installed.Wherein spigot surface 211 enters locking groove 212 for the extension pin 205 that guides bottom door, and locking groove 212 coordinates for hanging pin 5 with bottom door, guarantees not throw off all the time at the extension pin 205 of locking states bottom door, and bottom door is in locking states.Pin-and-hole 213 is installed and is enclosed within on plate hook mount pin 203, can rotate around plate plate hook mount pin 203.Push-and-pull pin-and-hole 214 is hinged by round pin 21a and sliding shoe 21, and the moment applying of 205 pairs of plate hooks of extension pin of bottom door is driven to spring installation 201.In installation pin-and-hole 213 and push-and-pull pin-and-hole 214, can inlay anti-wearing liner, referring to Figure 18.

Plate hook mount pin 203 is straight pin, and wherein the end of one end adopts welding, riveted joint, fastener connection or other connection modes to be fixed on car body, and the other end adopts the movement of fastener restriction plate hook 202.Cylinder coordinates with the installation pin-and-hole 213 of plate hook 202, the radial weight of carrying plate hook 202 transmissions.

Spring installation mount pad 204 adopts welding, riveted joint, fastener to connect or other connection modes are fixed on car body, hinged by round pin 23c and the spring perch 23 of spring perch 23, the load of bearing spring device 201 transmissions.

It is straight pin that bottom door is hung pin 5, and the face of cylinder coordinates with plate hook 202, completes locking and release to bottom door, the load of transmission bottom door to secondary locking device.Wherein the end of one end adopts welding, riveted joint, fastener connection or other connection modes to be fixed on the side of bottom door.For increasing the service life, can outside the face of cylinder, inlay the wear-resistant sleeve that cover can be changed, adopt fastener restriction wear-resistant sleeve to move axially.Adopt the spring unit of this structure because the existence of sleeve can improve the stable of elastic force direction, can avoid the injury of external force simultaneously due to the protective effect spring of sleeve, improved the reliability of device, there is outstanding substantive distinguishing features and significant progressive.

As shown in figure 19, in the time that bottom door is opened, extension pin 205 and the plate hook 202 of bottom door are thrown off, plate hook 202 does not bear any load, spring 22 in spring installation 201 does not bear the pressure of plate hook yet, the bounce of spring 22 is pushed into relaxed state by sliding shoe 21 by plate hook, two hinge width between centers maximums of spring installation.

Referring to figure, in bottom door closing process, when bottom door is hung after pin 205 touching plate hooks 202, bottom door is closed power and is pushed plate hook 202 by the extension pin 205 of bottom door, promoting plate hook 202 winding board hook mount pins 203 rotates, the rotation of plate hook 202 drives the slip of the sliding shoe 21 of spring installation, and extrusion spring 22 compresses simultaneously.Hang after pin 205 touching plate hooks 202 when bottom door, if bottom door opening and closing mechanism is greater than the resistance of closing the door including locking device to the power of closing of bottom door, bottom door opening and closing mechanism can promote bottom door and close gradually.

Minimum door closing force: $F_{0\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000032.png,HDA0000414949670000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_3\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000032.png,HDA0000414949670000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_3+F_G\&times;L_G\&times;L_2}{L_0\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000041.png,HDA0000414949670000042.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2}$

In formula:

F _0minthe minimum thrust of the connecting rod of bottom door open-close device to bottom door in the process that-bottom door is closed.

F ₃the pulling force of-extension spring to plate hook.

L ₁-plate hook is the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration to the antagonistic force of bottom door extension pin 5.

L ₃the arm of force length of the relative plate hook center of turn of screen resilience of-balance spring.

F _gthe deadweight of-bottom door.

L _g-bottom door the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration of conducting oneself with dignity.

L ₂-bottom door is hung and is sold to the application force of plate hook the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn.

L ₀-connecting rod is the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration to the thrust of bottom door.

Force analysis is referring to Figure 21.

Along with bottom door continuation is closed gradually, bottom door is hung pin 205 and is continued extruding plate hooks 202, and promotion plate hook 202 continues winding board hook mount pin 203 and rotates, and the rotation of plate hook 202 drives the slip of the sliding shoe 21 of spring installation, and spring 22 gradually reduces.Referring to Figure 22.

Hanging pin 5 when bottom door slides and crosses after the arc surface of bill of plate hook 202 along the spigot surface 211 that promotes plate hook 2, enter locking groove 212, the screen resilience of spring 22 drives plate hook 202 winding board hook mount pins to rotate, plate hook 202 slides into position, locking position along the arc surface of locking groove 212, the locking groove 212 of plate hook 202 is hung pin 205 by bottom door and is tightly fastened, complete the locking to bottom door, now bottom door is closed end.Referring to Figure 23.

At bottom door locking states, as long as the screen resilience F of spring 22 ₃be greater than the minimum balancing force of required spring, can stop bottom door to hang pin 205 promotion plate hooks 202 rotates, the locking groove 212 of plate hook 202 is hung pin 205 by bottom door and is tightly fastened, bottom door is hung the locking groove 212 that pin 205 can not depart from plate hook 202, can keep the locking to bottom door, prevent from that bottom door is improper to open.

Keep the minimum balancing force of required spring of bottom door locking:

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000032.png,HDA0000414949670000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_{3^{\min }}=\frac{(F_G\&times;L_G+F_W\&times;L_W+F_J\&times;L_J)\&times;L_2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000032.png,HDA0000414949670000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_3}$

In formula:

F _0minthe minimum balancing force of required spring of-maintenance bottom door locking.

F _gthe deadweight of-bottom door.

L _g-bottom door the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration of conducting oneself with dignity.

F _w-bottom door top cargo weight.

L _wthe arm of force length of-bottom door top cargo weight to bottom door centre of gration.

F _jthe thrust of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door.

L _jthe arm of force length of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door centre of gration.

L ₂-bottom door is hung and is sold to the application force of plate hook the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn.

L ₁-plate hook is hung the arm of force length of the antagonistic force of selling to bottom door centre of gration to bottom door.

L ₃the arm of force length of the relative plate hook center of turn of screen resilience of-balance spring.

Due to L ₁length much larger than L _gand L _wlength, L ₃length much larger than L ₂length, therefore, F _3minnumerical value less, only need less recoil of spring power just can realize the moment balance of plate hook 202, keep plate hook 202 transfixions, reach the object of locking bottom door.

In the time opening bottom door unloading, first need to remove the locking of secondary locking device to bottom door.Be greater than the minimum of the removing bottom door locking power of opening the door as long as apply one by bottom door open-close device to bottom door, plate hook 202 will overcome the bounce of spring 22 and rotates, after plate hook 202 rotations, the locking groove 212 of plate hook 202 cannot fasten bottom door again and hang pin 205, bottom door is hung pin 205 and is thrown off from the locking groove 212 of plate hook 202, the locking of bottom door is removed completely, and secondary locking device no longer stops the motion of bottom door.The force analysis of this operating mode as shown in figure 25.

The minimum of the removing bottom door locking power of opening the door: $F_{0\min }={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="F"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000032.png,HDA0000414949670000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}_3\&times;\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA0000414949670000061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;L_3}{L_0\&times;L_2}-\frac{F_W\&times;L_w+F_G\&times;L_G+F_J\&times;L_J}{L_0}$

In formula:

F _0min-the minimum of the removing bottom door locking power of opening the door.

F ₃the screen resilience of-balance spring.

L ₁-plate hook is the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration to the antagonistic force of bottom door extension pin 205.

L ₃the arm of force length of the relative plate hook center of turn of screen resilience of-balance spring.

L ₀-connecting rod is the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration to the thrust of bottom door.

L ₂-bottom door is hung and is sold to the application force of plate hook the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn.

F _w-bottom door top cargo weight.

L _wthe arm of force length of-bottom door top cargo weight to bottom door centre of gration.

F _gthe deadweight of-bottom door.

L _g-bottom door the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration of conducting oneself with dignity.

F _jthe thrust of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door.

L _jthe arm of force length of-preloading spring screen resilience to bottom door centre of gration.

L ₀-connecting rod is the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration to the tractive force of bottom door.

Due to the power of opening the door of secondary locking device increase of the present utility model being installed:

In formula:

Δ F _0min-power of opening the door that secondary locking device of the present utility model increases is installed.

F ₃the screen resilience of-balance spring.

L ₁-plate hook is hung the arm of force length of the antagonistic force of selling to bottom door centre of gration to bottom door.

L ₃the arm of force length of the screen resilience of-balance spring to plate hook center of turn.

L ₀-connecting rod is the arm of force length to bottom door centre of gration to the thrust of bottom door.

L ₂-bottom door is hung and is sold to the application force of plate hook the arm of force length to plate hook center of turn.

Embodiment tri-

Referring to Figure 26, the secondary locking device of the present embodiment comprises, spring perch 301, extension spring 302, plate hook 303, plate hook mount pin 304, bottom door extension pin 305.Plate hook 303 adopts locking groove positioned opposite.The application force that adopts extension spring stretching screen resilience balance bottom door to apply plate hook 303, keeps bottom door by reliable locking.

This programme is with respect to embodiment mono-, basic functional principle, algorithm, basic structure, force analysis, method of calculating etc. are all identical, the key distinction is the mounting means difference of plate hook, locking groove changes positioned opposite into by opposing layout, outside being changed into by inner side for the extension spring installation site of balance bottom door, also there is corresponding variation in the profile of the position of articulating point of mechanism, path of motion, plate hook etc.

It should be noted that above-described embodiment describes the utility model rather than the utility model is limited, and those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiment in the case of not departing from the scope of claims.

Claims (10)

1. a hopper wagon bottom door secondary locking device, for the secondary locking of bottom door of railway hopper car; Described railway hopper car comprises bottom door, one-level closing appliance;

It is characterized in that, described secondary closing appliance comprises:

Hook part, described hook part is by pivotal mounting on the car body outside bottom door, and can be along car body pivotable, the first side of described hook part comprises guide part and latch portion, described latch portion is suitable for forming locking with described hopper wagon bottom door and coordinates to apply hoisting force upwards to described bottom door, and described guiding parts is suitable for guiding described hook part and described hopper car bottom to enter blocking by disengaged condition;

Its one end of spring unit is connected with the second side of described hook part, and this second side and this first side lay respectively at the both sides of described pivot, and the other end of described spring unit is connected other parts and connects with the car body outside bottom door, for to the described hook part application of force.

2. device according to claim 1, wherein, described hook part coordinates formation blocking with the extension pin that is fixed on bottom door.

3. device according to claim 2, wherein, described hook part is plate hook.

4. device according to claim 3, wherein, in bottom door closing process, after extension pin contacts with the spigot surface of hook part, thereby the power of closing of bottom door is hung pin extruded hook parts by spigot surface and is pivoted, and the rotation of hook part produces screen resilience after causing extension spring element deformation;

After described extension pin contacts with plate hook lock portion, the screen resilience of spring device by hook latch portion to the described extension pin application of force with by lock portion and hang pin fasten.

5. device according to claim 3, wherein, in the time removing described secondary locking, makes described extension pin depart from described latch portion by plate hook being applied to rotational force to overcome the screen resilience of spring unit, thereby completes release.

6. according to the device described in any one in claim 1-5, wherein, described spring unit comprises sliding shoe, spring, spring perch; Described spring is placed in the sleeve of described spring perch; Described sliding shoe comprises sliding shoe round pin and slide mass, and described slide mass can slide in described sleeve; Spring perch is tubbiness, comprises guide groove, cylindrical shell and spring perch round pin, and spring perch is hinged by described spring perch round pin and spring unit mount pad; Described hook part is lever, the second side of described hook part comprises push-and-pull pin-and-hole, push-and-pull pin-and-hole is hinged by the sliding shoe round pin of described spring unit and the sliding shoe of described spring unit, drives to described spring installation with the moment that the extension pin of described bottom door is applied plate hook.

7. device according to claim 6, wherein the contact surface of this device arranges anti-wearing liner.

8. device according to claim 6, wherein, described pivot is mount pin, described mount pin is fixed on the car body outside described bottom door; Described hook part comprises installation pin-and-hole, is arranged on the face of cylinder of described mount pin by this installation pin-and-hole.

9. a hopper car, it comprises:

Bottom door, can winding be placed in the bottom door main shaft pivotable on car body, to realize switching;

Open and close actuating unit, comprise, be installed on the transmission shaft on vehicle frame, and the perpendicular lever setting firmly on transmission shaft, the end of described lever is hinged with the connecting rod for driving bottom door opening and closing;

One-level closing appliance, comprises limiting block, and after described switching actuating unit drives described bottom door to cut out, it stops described switching actuating unit rotation, to stop bottom door to rotate to the direction of opening;

It is characterized in that, described hopper car comprises the secondary locking device as described in any one in claim 1-5.

10. a hopper car, it comprises:

Bottom door, can winding be placed in the bottom door main shaft pivotable on car body, to realize switching;

One-level closing appliance, it is opened after closing automatically for limiting described bottom door;

It is characterized in that, described hopper car comprises the secondary locking device as described in any one in claim 1-5.

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