CN203627251U - Drainage pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drainage pump. The pump comprises a water pump part and a motor part. The motor part comprises a brushless motor. The brushless motor comprises a motor housing, a motor shaft, a rotor assembly that is disposed on the motor shaft, carries out synchronous rotation along with the motor shaft, and comprises a rotor iron core and rotor magnetic poles embedded on the rotor iron core, a stator assembly that comprises a stator iron core and a three-phase stator winding winded in a stator iron core groove, and a control plate that comprises a three-phase inversion circuit and a circuit control part. The circuit control part utilizes the space vector pulse width modulation technology to control a three-phase voltage output by the three-phase inversion circuit to the three-phase stator winding of the stator assembly. The motor shaft, the rotor assembly, the stator assembly and the control plate are all disposed in the motor housing. The drainage pump is used in dish washers or washing machines. Thus, the drainage pump is more efficient and compact.

Description

Draining pump

Technical field

The utility model relates to draining pump technical field, and more specifically, the utility model relates to a kind of draining pump.

Background technique

At present, the household electric appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine circulating water or draining draining pump motor used is generally induction motor or single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor.Induction motor because efficiency is lower, complex structure, volume is large, cost is higher, progressively exits the drainage pump of household electric appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine application.Single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor itself cannot be realized directional-rotation, need on rotor structure, increase non-return mechanism and prevent motor counterrotating, and the electric machine structure of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor is more complicated, starts noise larger.

On the other hand, the existing draining pump of the household electric appliance such as washing machine, dishwasher impeller used is generally made up of the some blades that are arranged on axle sleeve, and blade is prismatic blade, in drainage procedure, make water be issued to draining object at centrifugal force, tangential shearing action, its shortcoming is that draining pump water flow is little, and in-fighting is large, and current axially also have Partial Shear power, can push end cap and motor shaft, cause end cap distortion, rotor assembly is offset and cisco unity malfunction, forms noise.Meanwhile, because there being certain gap between impeller and pump seat, under the effect of axial shearing force, water has just produced eddy current, and as washing machine, dishwasher class household electric appliance, in the sewage of required discharge, can contain the foreign material such as fiber, cotton yarn more or less, these foreign material are followed the vortex of water, arrive bearing place, be wrapped on the axle of water pump, after long-play, the foreign material of winding increase gradually, make water pump spindle produce resistance, normally draining, can make water pump stall when serious, burn out.

Along with the proposition of green home appliance theory and the enhancing of environmental consciousness, existing draining pump cannot meet everybody requirement more and more higher to living environment comfort level.Therefore, need a kind of novel draining pump, it is simple in structure, small volume, and efficiency is higher, and operating noise is less.

Model utility content

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, according to first aspect of the present utility model, provide a kind of draining pump brushless motor, comprising: motor casing; Motor shaft; Rotor assembly, is arranged on synchronous rotary on described motor shaft and with the rotation of described motor shaft, comprises rotor iron core and embeds the rotor magnetic pole on described rotor iron core; Stator module, comprises stator iron core and is wound on the threephase stator winding in stator core slot; And control panel, comprise three-phase inverting circuit, and comprise circuit controlling component, the three-phase voltage that described in this circuit controlling component employing space vector pulse width modulation control, three-phase inverting circuit is exported to the threephase stator winding on described stator module, wherein, described control panel is accommodated in described motor casing.

Thus, this brushless motor can be realized directional-rotation, and without adopting non-return mechanism.Preferably, control panel also comprises circuit controlling component, and this circuit controlling component adopts the three-phase voltage to the staor winding output on described stator module of three-phase inverting circuit described in space vector pulse width modulation control.

Preferably, stator module adopts fractional-slot structure.Preferably, the shared electric angle scope within the scope of corresponding pole span of the single rotor magnetic pole in rotor assembly is 90 °-120 °.Preferably, control panel also comprises detection part and analog-to-digital conversion parts, the three-phase voltage that described detection part is exported to the threephase stator winding on described stator module for detection of described three-phase inverting circuit and three phase circuit and output three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal; Described analog-to-digital conversion parts are digital voltage signal and digital current signal by detected described detection part three-phase voltage testing signal and three phase circuit converting sensed signals, and the digital voltage signal being converted to and digital current signal are offered to described circuit controlling component.Preferably, circuit controlling component utilizes the digital voltage signal and the digital current signal that receive from described analog-to-digital conversion parts, adopts sliding-mode control to estimate the position of the rotor magnetic pole of described rotor assembly.Preferably, circuit controlling component utilizes position and described digital voltage signal and the digital current signal of estimated rotor magnetic pole, adopts space vector pulse width modulation to produce the pulse signal of the device for power switching for controlling described three-phase inverting circuit.Preferably, control panel also comprises differential amplification parts, described differential amplification parts receive described three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal from described detection part, amplify described three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal, and three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal after amplifying are outputed to described analog-to-digital conversion parts.Preferably, circuit controlling component is one or more microprocessors or DSP digital signal processor.Preferably, control panel also comprises three-phase output end and grounding end, described three-phase output end is connected with the three-phase output end of described three-phase inverting circuit respectively and is connected with described threephase stator winding respectively, and described grounding end is connected with the central point of described three-phase inverting circuit and is connected with the central point of described threephase stator winding.Preferably, on described control panel, described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part are arranged together, and described circuit controlling component, described differential amplification parts and described analog-to-digital conversion parts and described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part are arranged apart.Preferably, control panel coordinates by machinery mode and described stator module are fixed together.Preferably, brushless motor is for the draining pump of dishwasher or washing machine.Preferably, motor casing not exclusively seals, and a part for stator module is exposed.

In addition, according to second aspect of the present utility model, provide a kind of draining pump, comprised the brushless motor as described in aforementioned aspect and the water pump part being driven by brushless motor.Described water pump part comprises water pump shell and impeller, the side that described motor casing stretches out at motor shaft have for the fixing fixed structure of described water pump shell, and described impeller is fixedly attached to described motor shaft so that rotate together with described motor shaft under the driving of described brushless motor.

Compared with prior art, adopt and can realize directional-rotation according to brushless motor of the present utility model, and without adopting non-return mechanism, also make thus draining pump of the present utility model more efficient and compact.

According to the third aspect of the present utility model, a kind of draining pump is provided, described draining pump comprises impeller and the brushless motor for drives impeller, this impeller comprises wheel disc and multiple blade being arranged on wheel disc, described blade extends away from sheave surface from sheave surface along impeller axial direction, and have the first end of adjacent impeller axis with away from impeller axis and second end relative with first end; Its Leaf has the sectional shape of smooth curved in the plane perpendicular to impeller axis, described sectional shape at least comprises the first curved section of contiguous first end and the second curved section of contiguous the second end, the first curved section has first curvature radius, and the second curved section has the radius of second curvature that is different from first curvature radius.

Preferably, first curvature radius is greater than radius of second curvature.Preferably, the outlet end that the entry end that first end is blade and the second end are blade.Preferably, the centre of curvature of the first curved section and the second curved section is in the same side of blade.Preferably, blade also comprises linearity between the first curved section and the second curved section or the 3rd section of arc.Preferably, the 3rd section is the 3rd curved section with the 3rd radius of curvature, and the 3rd radius of curvature is greater than the first and second radius of curvature.Preferably, the 3rd section is the 3rd curved section with the 3rd radius of curvature, and the 3rd radius of curvature is between the first and second radius of curvature.Preferably, the Inlet cone angle α that the first curved section is blade at the tangent line at first end place and the angle of the radial direction in this position, the Inlet cone angle α of described blade is 0-25 °; And the exit angle β that the second curved section is blade at the tangent line at the second end place and the angle of the radial direction in this position, the exit angle β of described blade is 70-90 °.Preferably, wheel disk center has impeller bore, for being connected with motor reel, in the annular section between impeller bore and the first end of blade, is provided with at least one relief hole.Preferably, described wheel disc and blade are integrally formed as single-piece.Preferably, described draining pump also comprises the brushless motor as described in first aspect.

According to fourth aspect of the present utility model, a kind of impeller for drainage pump is also provided, comprise the blade wheel structure limiting as the aforementioned third aspect.

By adopting arc shaped blade, make blade adopt the most rationally curved pattern, and blade inlet angle and blade outlet angle, reduce flow losses, improve working efficiency.Design by wheel disc, the impact of current to end cap and the damage causing are thus prevented, simultaneously, the axial force producing due to current is less, avoid the impact of current to motor shaft and rotor, prevented from causing thus rotor off-axis, produced noise, guarantee that it,, in axially normal work, has extended its operating life.The vortex of water is followed in the design of the wheel disc also foreign material in anti-sealing, arrives bearing place, is wrapped on the axle of water pump, makes water pump spindle produce resistance after long-play, and normally draining, makes water pump stall seriously time, burns out.The design of relief hole, has guaranteed that wheel disc two side hydraulic pressures are identical, avoids the excessive damage that wheel disc is caused of a side water impact.Drain pump impeller provided by the utility model and draining pump are simple in structure, and the life-span is longer, and are applicable to batch production.

According to the 5th aspect of the present utility model; the motor that provides a kind of draining pump to use; this motor comprises shell, motor shaft, rotor assembly and stator module; motor shaft is connected to the impeller of draining pump in an end of motor; for drives impeller; wherein on the sidewall of this shell, be provided with the terminal mouth and the terminal protection structure that hold tenminal block; terminal protection structure comprises the protecting sheet that terminal mouth top is set; this protecting sheet stretches out from the outside cantilever of outer surface of outer cover, and has a down dip and tiltedly extend towards a side direction of terminal mouth.

Preferably, in the direction of insertion in terminal insertion end rim of the mouth, this protecting sheet extends along direction of insertion.Preferably, this protecting sheet dips down towards another end relative with a described end of shell along electrical axis direction and tiltedly extends.Preferably, angle of inclination is less than 30 °.Preferably, terminal protection structure also comprises from protecting sheet lowest edge or near the batten plate to downward-extension, makes protecting sheet and batten plate form the L shaped structure of inversion around terminal mouth at least in part.Preferably, terminal protection structure also comprises the wall portion protruding upward from protecting sheet outermost edges.Preferably, terminal protection structure also comprises the wall portion protruding upward from the high rim of protecting sheet and outermost edges, makes protecting sheet, wall portion and shell form a rhone.Preferably, motor is brushless motor.Preferably, protecting sheet extends across the whole width of terminal mouth, or extends beyond the both sides of terminal mouth.

Also provide a kind of aforementioned electric motivation and draining pump by electric motor driven impeller of comprising according to the 6th aspect of the present utility model.

Thus, in the time that motor top has water droplet to fall, owing to there being the existence of terminal protection structure, water can slide into along its inclined-plane side drippage, thereby has effectively protected tenminal block, has guaranteed its reliability being connected with external power supply and Security.Electric machine structure simplicity of design provided by the utility model is easily gone, and cost of production is low, is suitable for industrial production.

First aspect of the present utility model is applicable to the of the present utility model second to the 6th aspect comparably, and vice versa.

Other features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the following description, and, partly from specification, become apparent, or understand by implementing the utility model.The purpose of this utility model and other advantages can be realized and be obtained by specifically noted structure in specification, claims and accompanying drawing.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Accompanying drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, and forms a part for specification, is used from explanation the utility model with embodiment one of the present utility model, does not form restriction of the present utility model.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 illustrates the draining pump external structure schematic diagram according to the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 illustrates the draining pump STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION schematic diagram according to the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 3 illustrates according to the sectional view of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor;

Fig. 4 illustrates according to the fractional-slot structure of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor;

Fig. 5 illustrates according to the schematic diagram of the distributed polar rotor field structure of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor;

Fig. 6 illustrates according to the schematic diagram of the salient pole type rotor field structure of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor;

Fig. 7 illustrates according to the three phase sine winding distribution map of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor;

Fig. 8 illustrates according to the inverter circuit figure of the utility model embodiment's employing space vector pulse width modulation control draining pump brushless motor;

Fig. 9 illustrates according to the control block diagram of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor;

Figure 10 illustrates according to the schematic diagram of the air-gap field waveform of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor;

Figure 11 illustrates according to the schematic diagram of the current waveform of the staor winding of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor;

Figure 12 illustrates according to the three-dimensional view of the utility model embodiment's impeller for drainage pump;

Figure 13 illustrates according to the front view of the utility model embodiment's impeller for drainage pump;

Figure 14 illustrates the amplification partial elevation view according to the utility model embodiment's impeller for drainage pump; And

Figure 15 illustrates according to the three-dimensional view of the utility model embodiment's terminal protection structure.

Embodiment

Describe in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings according to each embodiment of the present utility model.Here, it should be noted that in the accompanying drawings, identical reference character is given and substantially had constituent element identical or similar structure and function, and will omit being repeated in this description about them.Generally speaking, the embodiment shown in each accompanying drawing is different embodiments, uses although the possibility of the reference number in each accompanying drawing is identical and each accompanying drawing may be able to be fitted to each other.Should be understood that term " on ", D score, " upwards ", " downwards " directional terms be the description for the orientation shown in accompanying drawing, these orientation are not restrictive.If not otherwise specified, term " inwardly " herein, " outwards ", " interior ", " outward ", " inner side ", " outside " refer to the scope with respect to parts center, for example, using electrical axis as reference, interior and inner side refers to position or orientation more close or sensing electrical axis, outer and outside refers to orientation or the orientation further from electrical axis, and for the each position on electrical axis, outside or outside refers to further from motor center position.In addition, the terms such as term " level ", " vertically ", " dangling " do not represent require parts abswolute level or dangle, but can tilt a little.As " level " only refers to its direction " vertically " level more relatively, be not to represent this structure level completely, but can tilt a little.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, show according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump external structure schematic diagram and draining pump STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION schematic diagram.

As shown in Figure 1, can comprise water pump part 1 and motor portion 2 according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump.

As shown in Figure 2, described water pump part 1 can comprise water pump shell 11 and impeller 13.In addition, described water pump part 1 can also comprise seal ring 12, and seal ring 12 is arranged between water pump part 1 and motor portion 2, for guaranteeing the water tightness of the joint between described water pump part and motor portion.

Water pump shell 11 is for defining the general cylindrical parts of pump chamber, and its first end opens wide, and for being connected to motor portion, and is provided with water intake on relative the second end.On the sidewall of water pump shell 11, be provided with water outlet, and described water outlet is connected with described pump chamber.

Impeller 13 is arranged in the pump chamber of water pump shell 11.The motor shaft 221 of motor portion 2 extend in pump chamber, and impeller is fixedly attached to motor shaft 221 so that can rotation together with motor shaft 221 under motoring.

As shown in Figure 2, motor portion 2 comprises brushless motor 22.Brushless motor 22 comprises motor shaft 221, rotor assembly 222, stator module 223 and control panel 224.Brushless motor 22 comprises motor casing, and motor casing comprises main casing 21 and insulating boot 23.

Control panel 224 is contained in motor casing, and particularly, control panel 224 is contained in insulating boot 23 in the present embodiment.Preferably, described control panel 224 is fixed together by the stator module 223 of any suitable mechanical fit system and brushless motor 22.Control panel 224 also can be fixed on other static part as motor casing.The circuit of the threephase stator winding power supply on the stator module 223 of promising described brushless motor 22 is set on control panel 224.In addition, consider according to the working environment of the utility model embodiment's draining pump, preferably, also on described control panel, apply insulated paint or the sealing compound for circuit insulation protection.

In addition, the main casing 21 of motor portion 2 such as, connects together with insulating boot 23 by machanical fastener (threaded fastener or buckle structure etc.), to described brushless motor 22 is closed.Between main casing 21 and insulating boot 23, be preferably provided with another seal ring, to keep the sealing of joint between the two.Alternatively, motor casing can not be also completely enclosed, and only partly seals the parts of motor.As shown in the preferred embodiment of Fig. 3, between the main casing 21 of motor casing and insulating boot 23, have certain gap, thereby the stator module of motor 223 partly exposes, and has realized thus radiating effect better.

As shown in Figure 2, on described control panel 224, power supply terminal 2241 is also set, power supply terminal is connected with external power supply (not shown), to power to described control panel 224 and brushless motor 22.

Below, describe according to the structure of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor in connection with Fig. 3-Fig. 7.

As previously mentioned, the household electric appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine circulating water or draining draining pump motor used is generally induction motor or single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor, but because the characteristic of induction motor or single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor can not meet augmented performance demand day by day.Consider the characteristic of brushless motor, therefore, in the utility model, propose brushless motor to be applied to the household electric appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine.At present, in the draining pump of the household electric appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine, not yet adopted brushless motor, the application that does not particularly also adopt three-phase inverting circuit to drive with brushless motor draining pump.Apply sense of current by adopting inverter circuit to control to brushless motor, can realize the directional-rotation of brushless motor, therefore also do not need to increase in the case non-return mechanism.

As shown in Figure 3, show according to the sectional view of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor.In Fig. 3, for same parts, adopt and reference number identical in Fig. 2.

As previously mentioned, described brushless motor 22 can comprise described motor shaft 221, rotor assembly 222, stator module 223 and control panel 224.

Described rotor assembly 222 comprises rotor iron core and embeds the rotor magnetic pole on described rotor iron core, and described rotor magnet is preferably permanent magnet, and described stator module 223 comprises stator iron core and is wound on the threephase stator winding in stator core slot.

Described brushless motor 22 is preferably fractional-slot motor, and described threephase stator winding is preferably 3 positive chorded windings mutually, and described rotor assembly can adopt hidden pole type field structure or salient pole type field structure.

As shown in Figure 4, show according to the fractional-slot structure of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor.In Fig. 4, for same parts, adopt and reference number identical in Fig. 2.Wherein, reference number 223 represents stator module, and reference number 2221 represents the rotor iron core in rotor assembly, and reference number 2222 represents the permanent magnet in rotor assembly.

Integer groove structure specifically refers to every grade of stator slot structure that every phase groove number equals 1 in the stator module of brushless motor, and fractional-slot structure specifically refers to every grade of stator slot structure that every phase groove number is less than 1 in the stator module of brushless motor.For integer groove structure, fractional-slot structure can reduce groove number, and this is convenient to the making of stator iron core, and can reduce the torque fluctuation that slot effect causes.

But, no matter be integer groove structure or fractional-slot structure, all must there is symmetrical staor winding, between three phase windings, phase difference is 120 °, to obtain symmetrical electromotive force and magnetomotive force.Take magnetic pole logarithm p as 3, the brushless motor that number of phases m is 3 is example, and in the time adopting integer groove structure, in order to obtain symmetrical armature winding, required groove is counted Z=2 × p × m=18; In the time adopting fractional-slot structure, in order to obtain symmetrical armature winding, following three conditions simultaneously:

(1) groove is counted the integral multiple that Z is number of phases m;

(2) groove is counted Z and magnetic pole logarithm p has the common divisor t that is not equal to 1, and Z/t=Z0, and Z0/m is integer;

(3) every extremely every phase groove is counted q=Z/2pm and is less than 1 mark.

Preferably, q gets 0.5, and when magnetic pole logarithm p is 3, number of phases m is 3 o'clock, and adopting the number of stator slots Z of fractional-slot structure is 9.Particularly, as shown in Figure 4, show 6 rotor magnetic poles, magnetic pole logarithm p is 3, and in the situation that adopting three phase windings, number of stator slots is 9, and stator has adopted the fractional-slot structure that every extremely every phase groove number is 0.5.

As shown in Figure 5, show according to the schematic diagram of the distributed polar rotor field structure of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor.Described distributed polar rotor field structure is surface-type rotor magnetic pole structure, permanent magnet is fixedly mounted on the surface of rotor iron core, the quadrature axis direction magnetic resistance of non-salient pole structure and d-axis direction magnetic resistance equate, be that quadrature axis direction synchronous reactance and d-axis direction synchronous reactance equate, and the leakage coefficient of described non-salient pole structure is smaller, the air-gap flux that can produce is larger, because non-salient pole structure can produce larger load torque, is suitable for bearing power to require larger occasion.

As shown in Figure 6, show according to the schematic diagram of the salient pole type rotor field structure of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor.Described salient pole type rotor field structure is built-in rotor field structure, permanent magnet is fixedly mounted on the inside of rotor iron core, the quadrature axis direction magnetic resistance of salient-pole structure is less than d-axis direction magnetic resistance, be that quadrature axis direction synchronous reactance is greater than d-axis direction synchronous reactance, and the electromagnetic torque of described salient-pole structure, except comprising basic torque part, also comprise reluctance torque part, so salient-pole structure can produce larger detent torque, be suitable for startability to require higher occasion, in addition, salient-pole structure is because its leakage coefficient is relatively large, air-gap flux is relatively little, can be relatively easy to pass through weak-magnetic speed-regulating, be applicable to electromotor velocity to have the occasion of requirement.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, also on described rotor assembly, be provided with the shell 2223 being formed by plastics or epoxy resin.

In order to make motor obtain less torque pulsation and noise, it is sinusoidal wave that the air-gap field waveform that rotor magnetic poles place produces is preferably, but in actual design process, take into account the performance requirement of motor, it is sinusoidal wave that the air-gap field waveform that motor rotor field structure produces can only be approximately conventionally, if rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle within the scope of corresponding pole span is excessive, the flat-top width of air-gap field waveform is excessive, the air-gap field waveform producing is similar to square wave, the torque pulsation that motor produces is excessive, cause motor noise to become large, otherwise, rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle within the scope of corresponding pole span is too small, although the air-gap field waveform producing can be similar to sine wave better, but because the scope that pole span scope internal rotor magnetic pole is shared is too small, cause air-gap flux to diminish, thereby cause the specific power of per unit volume motor to diminish, cannot meet actual performance requirement.

In the utility model, in order to optimize the performance requirement of air-gap field waveform and assurance motor, preferably, single rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle scope within the scope of corresponding pole span is defined as to 90 °-120 °.The brushless motor of the non-salient pole structure take magnetic pole logarithm p as 3 is as example, and the shared mechanical angle δ of an one pole span is 360 °/2p=60 °, if the mechanical angle of corresponding pole span scope internal rotor magnetic pole

be 30 °, rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle within the scope of corresponding pole span is

if the mechanical angle of corresponding pole span scope internal rotor magnetic pole

be 40 °, rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle within the scope of corresponding pole span is

Therefore,, in the rotor magnetic pole structure shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, preferably, single rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle scope within the scope of corresponding pole span is 90 °-120 °.

As shown in Figure 7, show according to the three phase sine winding distribution map of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor.

Existing three phase motor adopts three phase windings of 60 ° of facies tracts conventionally, and this three phase winding can adopt delta connection or star connection, and it belongs to six-phase motor in essence.

Three phase sine winding distribution map as shown in Figure 7, wherein, will adopt two-part windings in series of delta connection and star connection or be parallel to form three phase windings, and it,, for adopting three phase windings of 30 ° of facies tracts, belongs to phase motor in essence.

In Fig. 7, take the fractional-slot brushless motor of 4 utmost point 6 grooves as example, when its three phase winding is positive chorded winding distribution, each groove has respectively the delta windings of 1 30 ° of facies tract and the star winding of 1 30 ° of facies tract, and the electric angle between delta windings and star winding differs 30 °.

Three phase sine winding is as shown in Figure 7 two-part windings in series of delta connection and star connection or be parallel in a motor, can eliminate or significantly reduce the higher harmonics in winding magnetic potential, improves fundamental wave winding coefficient; Can effectively reduce spuious consumption and copper loss, the starting that improves motor and ride quality in motor, reduce vibrating noise.

Next, describe according to the controlling method of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor with reference to Fig. 8-Figure 11, realize described controlling method by described draining pump with the control panel 224 of brushless motor.

According to the utility model embodiment, the amplitude of the three-phase alternating voltage applying with the threephase stator winding of brushless motor to described draining pump by control and phase place are controlled sense of rotation and the rotational speed of described draining pump brushless motor.In the utility model, adopt the threephase stator winding power supply of three-phase inverting circuit to described draining pump brushless motor.

As shown in Figure 8, shown that described three-phase inverting circuit is arranged on described control panel 224 for the schematic diagram to the three-phase inverting circuit of powering according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor.Input substantially invariable VDC by DC bus to this three-phase inverting circuit, this substantially invariable VDC can be by obtaining Domestic single-phase AC rectification.In Fig. 8, in order to simplify, do not illustrate for by Domestic single-phase AC rectification, filtering, voltage stabilizing to obtain the circuit diagram of substantially invariable VDC, and only with DC electrical source U _dform shows described substantially invariable direct current (d.c.).Therefore, should be appreciated that, the utility model is not limited to the form shown in Fig. 8, and those skilled in the art can adopt any equivalent replacement form to come to the described substantially invariable VDC of described three-phase inverting circuit input.

Described three-phase inverting circuit comprises six brachium pontis S1-S6, each brachium pontis comprise the device for power switching of 180 ° of conductings and respectively with the diode of this device for power switching reverse parallel connection.Brachium pontis S1-S2 is for for example, providing first-phase voltage with the first-phase staor winding (A phase staor winding) of the threephase stator winding of brushless motor to described draining pump, brachium pontis S3-S4 is for for example, providing second-phase voltage with the second-phase staor winding (B phase staor winding) of the threephase stator winding of brushless motor to described draining pump, and brachium pontis S5-S6 is for for example, providing third phase voltage with the third phase staor winding (C phase staor winding) of the threephase stator winding of brushless motor to described draining pump.

As shown in Figure 9, show according to the control block diagram of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor.

In the household electric appliance such as washing machine, dishwasher, conventionally be all to move the processes such as washing, draining, rinsing, draining according to preset program, in these processes, different requirements may be had to the water flow in draining pump, correspondingly different requirements may be had to draining pump by the motion speed of brushless motor.Can be according to described preset program, correspondingly according to the requirement by the motion speed of brushless motor to draining pump in the processes such as described washing, draining, rinsing, draining, the motion speed curve of brushless motor for described draining pump prepared in advance, then according to described motion speed curve prepared in advance, described draining pump is realized to closed loop control by the motion speed of brushless motor, make the operation of described draining pump brushless motor carry out in strict accordance with described motion speed curve prepared in advance.

According to the utility model embodiment, adopt space vector pulse width modulation realize the control to described three-phase inverting circuit, and at described draining pump with adopting position-sensor-free technology to carry out the estimation of rotor of motor having no brush position and speed in brushless motor.

Traditional rotor magnetic pole position detecting method includes position transducer detecting method and position-sensor-free detecting method, position sensor detecting method need to increase position-detection sensor conventionally on motor body, such as Hall components and parts, photoelectric encoder etc., although the method can guarantee higher testing precision, but because the increase of position transducer will cause the rising of cost, and position transducer is than the impact that is easier to be subject to extraneous factor, its anti-interference is not very good, so its position detection accuracy will be subject to certain impact; And the position-sensor-free method conventionally adopting is counterelectromotive force zero passage method, although the method is comparatively simple comparatively speaking, the testing precision of rotor-position is not too high.

As shown in Figure 9, in the time that described brushless motor starts and in running, adopt position-sensor-free technology to estimate position and the speed of described rotor of motor having no brush.Particularly, according to the utility model embodiment, adopt sliding-mode control to detect position and the speed of described rotor of motor having no brush, this sliding-mode control can be described as again sliding mode observer method.Described sliding-mode control is a kind of control strategy of variable structure control system, this strategy has the switching characteristic that the system architecture of making changes at any time, this control is that control system designs a special diverter surface in advance in state space, utilize discontinuous control law, the constantly structure of transformation system, the state trajectory that edge stipulates is under certain condition done by a small margin, high frequency moves up and down.Force the state of system to slide to equinoctial point along this specific diverter surface, in the field of last progressive certain permission that is stable at equinoctial point or equinoctial point, i.e. sliding mode motion.Once system enters sliding formwork state, the transfer of system mode is just no longer subject to the impact of the original parameter variation of system and external disturbance, has very strong robustness.The sliding-mode control that the utility model adopts is carried out detection rotor position of magnetic pole and is had higher testing precision and stronger anti-interference.

In addition, the basic principle of described space vector pulse width modulation is: when three-phase alternating voltage, by three-phase inverting circuit, (6 set of power switches of three-phase inverting circuit have become 8 kinds of space voltage vector states, i.e. 6 effective vector states and 2 zero vector state) while being connected with the three phase sine winding of motor, by reasonable selection and 8 space voltage vectors of combination, and regulate and control action time of selected space voltage vector, can in the air gap of motor, produce more circular rotating magnetic field, its output voltage and electric current are closer to sine wave, thereby can effectively control the torque pulsation of motor, make motor smooth running, noise is lower.And the frequency that is input to the electric current of staor winding after inverter circuit can regulate according to the situation of actual loading.

Correspondingly, on described control panel 224 except being furnished with three-phase inverting circuit, also be furnished with circuit controlling component, this circuit controlling component adopts the three-phase voltage to the threephase stator winding output on described stator module of three-phase inverting circuit described in space vector pulse width modulation control.

In addition, on described control panel 224, be also furnished with detection part and analog-to-digital conversion parts, the three-phase voltage that described detection part is exported to the threephase stator winding on described stator module for detection of described three-phase inverting circuit and three phase circuit and output three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal; Detected described detection part three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal are converted to digital voltage signal and digital current signal by described analog-to-digital conversion parts, and the digital voltage signal being converted to and digital current signal are offered to described circuit controlling component.

In addition, described control panel 224 also comprises can differential amplification parts, described differential amplification parts are arranged between described detection part and described analog-to-digital conversion parts, and receive described three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal from described detection part, amplify described three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal, and three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal after amplifying are outputed to described analog-to-digital conversion parts.

In addition, described circuit controlling component also utilizes the digital voltage signal and the digital current signal that receive from described analog-to-digital conversion parts, adopts sliding-mode control to estimate the position of the rotor magnetic pole of described rotor assembly.Should be appreciated that, described circuit controlling component can be realized by one or more microprocessors or DSP digital signal processor.Particularly, for example described circuit controlling component is realized by a slice MCU, and it had both adopted space vector pulse modulation technique to realize the control to described inverter circuit, also adopted the position of sliding formwork control mode estimated rotor magnetic pole.Alternatively, described circuit controlling component is realized by two MCU, and wherein a slice MCU adopts space vector pulse modulation technique to realize the control to described three-phase inverting circuit, and another sheet MCU adopts the position of sliding formwork control mode estimated rotor magnetic pole.

Then, described circuit controlling component utilizes position and described digital voltage signal and the digital current signal of estimated rotor magnetic pole, adopts space vector pulse width modulation to produce the pulse signal of the device for power switching for controlling described three-phase inverting circuit.

According to the utility model embodiment, detection obtains three phase circuit Ia, Ib and the Ic of described brushless motor, through clark conversion, be I α and the I β plane coordinate system by detected three phase circuit Ia, Ib and Ic from spatial coordinate transformation, then convert again the I α under plane coordinate system and I β are transformed to excitation current component Id and the torque current component Iq under rotating coordinate system by park.

Clark conversion

$\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{I\α}\\ \mathrm{I\β}\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& -1/2& -1/2\\ 0& \sqrt{3}/2& -\sqrt{3}/2\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{Ia}\\ \mathrm{Ib}\\ \mathrm{Ic}\end{array}\right]$

Park conversion

$\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{Id}\\ \mathrm{Iq}\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}\cos \mathrm{\θ}& \sin \mathrm{\θ}\\ \sin \mathrm{\θ}& -\cos \mathrm{\θ}\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{I\α}\\ \mathrm{I\β}\end{array}\right]$

Wherein, θ represents the position of the rotor magnetic pole of described brushless motor, i.e. the angle of d axle and α axle.As previously mentioned, can adopt sliding-mode control to estimate θ.

According to the utility model embodiment, preferably, adopt the control strategy of direct-axis current expected value/reference value Idref=0; In addition, calculate to obtain quadrature axis electric current expected value/reference value Iqref according to the PID of the difference of desired speed value and values for actual speed.As known in the art, direct-axis current component is excitation current component, and quadrature axis current component is torque current component, according to the utility model embodiment, by making Idref=0, and adopts maximum torque control method to obtain the peak torque of motor.

According to the utility model embodiment, calculate to obtain direct-axis voltage Vd and quadrature-axis voltage Vq according to the PID of direct-axis current expected value Idref and quadrature axis electric current expected value Iqref, adopt currrent feedback and adopt PID mode control current deviation, then through park inverse transformation, direct-axis voltage Vd and quadrature-axis voltage Vq are converted into V α and the I β under plane coordinate system, and then through clark inverse transformation, the V α under plane coordinate system and V β are converted into three-phase voltage Va, Vb and Vc.

Park inverse transformation

$\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{V\α}\\ \mathrm{V\β}\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}\cos \mathrm{\θ}& \sin \mathrm{\θ}\\ \sin \mathrm{\θ}& -\cos \mathrm{\θ}\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{Vd}\\ \mathrm{Vq}\end{array}\right]$

Clark inverse transformation

$\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{Va}\\ \mathrm{Vb}\\ \mathrm{Vc}\end{array}\right]=\frac{2}{3}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ -1/2& \sqrt{3/}2\\ -1/2& -\sqrt{3}/2\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{V\α}\\ \mathrm{V\β}\end{array}\right]$

Particularly, adopt space vector pulse width modulation to control described three-phase inverting circuit, although obtained three-phase voltage Va, Vb and Vc by park inverse transformation and clark inverse transformation, but should be appreciated that, adopting PWM to control in the process of described three-phase inverting circuit, still need correspondingly to produce according to obtained three-phase voltage Va, Vb and Vc the pulse signal of six brachium pontis S1-S6 shown in control graph 8.

In addition, described control panel also comprises three-phase output end and grounding end, described three-phase output end is connected with the three-phase output end of described three-phase inverting circuit respectively and is connected with described threephase stator winding respectively, and described grounding end is connected with the central point of described three-phase inverting circuit and is connected with the central point of described threephase stator winding.

Should note, cloth at described control panel is set up, high pressure and low pressure should be separated, particularly, described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part are arranged together, and by arranged apart to described circuit controlling component, described differential amplification parts and described analog-to-digital conversion parts and described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part.In addition, also should just large current signal and little current signal separate, particularly, the testing signal wiring of described detection part and control signal wiring are separated.In addition, preferably, on described control panel, adopt the distance between centers of tracks of walking more than 8mil.

As shown in figure 10, show according to the schematic diagram of the air-gap field waveform of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor, can find out, be approximately sinusoidal wave according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump with the breath magnetic field of brushless motor.As shown in figure 11, show according to the schematic diagram of the current waveform of the staor winding of the utility model embodiment's draining pump brushless motor, can find out, approach very much sinusoidal wave according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump with the current waveform of the staor winding of brushless motor.

Realized the real-time control of the speed to described draining pump brushless motor by said process.Although launch as an example of motion speed curve prepared in advance example above to describe, but should be appreciated that, also can adopt torque curve prepared in advance to control described draining pump brushless motor.

Can adopt cheap MCU to realize according to the utility model embodiment's described draining pump with the control of brushless motor, be applicable to being very much applied to the draining pump class motor applications field of household electric appliance.

According to preferred embodiment of the present utility model, also provide a kind of impeller for drainage pump 130.This impeller for drainage pump 130 is configured to be particularly suitable for use together with brushless motor of the present utility model, realizes higher drainage efficiency.As shown in figure 12, show according to the three-dimensional view of the utility model embodiment's impeller for drainage pump 130, as shown in figure 13, show according to the front view of the utility model embodiment's impeller for drainage pump, and Figure 14 shows the amplification partial elevation view according to the utility model embodiment's impeller for drainage pump.

As shown in figure 12, according to the drain pump impeller 130 of preferred embodiment of the present utility model, comprise wheel hub 131, wheel disc 132 and multiple blade 133 being arranged on wheel disc 132, described wheel hub 131, wheel disc 132 and blade 133 can be one-body molded.According to the utility model embodiment, by adopting wheel disc design, the impact of current to end cap and the damage causing are thus prevented, meanwhile, the axial force producing due to current is less, has avoided the impact of current to motor shaft and rotor, prevent from causing thus rotor off-axis, produce noise, guarantee that it,, in axially normal work, has extended its operating life.In addition, adopt wheel disc design, the foreign material in also can anti-sealing are followed the vortex of water, arrive bearing place, are wrapped on the axle of water pump, make water pump spindle produce resistance after long-play, and normally draining, makes water pump stall seriously time, burns out.

Described blade 133 around impeller bore 134 be evenly spaced apart and arranged on wheel disc 132 and shape identical, described blade 133 with impeller axis (in the time that impeller is connected to motor shaft, the axis conllinear of this impeller axis and motor shaft) sectional shape in vertical plane is arc, two ends of described blade 133 are distributed on two unequal circumference of radius, the entry end that is each blade 133 is arranged on equably on the circumference with minor radius, outlet end is arranged on the circumference with large radius equably, and these two circumference are all concentric circle with impeller bore 134.Blade 133 in the plane vertical with impeller axis sectional shape in blade height direction (being impeller axial direction), be consistent.

As shown in figure 14, the described cross section of blade 133 is curved shape.This bending sections shape comprises first curved section at blades adjacent entry end place, and second curved section at blades adjacent outlet end place.First curved section at entry end place has first curvature radius R1, and second curved section at outlet end place has radius of second curvature R2.And in this embodiment, the centre of curvature of the first and second curved section is positioned at the same side of blade.Radius of curvature is herein that the sectional shape of the working surface based on blade limits.First curvature radius R1 is different from radius of second curvature R2.In this embodiment, first curvature radius R1 is greater than radius of second curvature R2.The first curved section and the second curved section smooth connection.Smooth connection refer to can lead continuously at tie point place and first derivative continuous.From angle directly perceived, smooth connection refers to that connecting two is connected the tangent direction conllinear of section at contact place.In addition, between the first curved section and the second curved section, can also pass through the 3rd curved section smooth connection, the 3rd curved section is straight line or smoothed curve.Preferably, the 3rd curved section has the 3rd radius of curvature, and the 3rd radius of curvature can be between first curvature radius R1 and radius of second curvature R2.As shown in figure 13, in the above-mentioned sectional shape of blade 133, the tangent line at entry end place and impeller 133 are the Inlet cone angle α of blade 133 at the angle of the radial direction (this position and the residing direction of the impeller line of centres) of this position, the arc of described blade 133 is the exit angle β of blade 133 at tangent line and the impeller 133 of end of the circumference that is positioned at relatively large radius at the angle of the radius of this position, the Inlet cone angle α of described blade 133 is 0-25 °, and the exit angle β of described blade 133 is 70-90 °.According to the utility model embodiment, by adopting arc shaped blade, make blade adopt the most reasonably blade inlet angle and blade outlet angle, reduce flow losses, improve working efficiency.

In addition, on described wheel disc 132, the disk-shaped regions between impeller bore 134 and blade 133 entry ends can also be provided with several relief holes 135.According to the utility model embodiment, design by relief hole, guarantee that wheel disc two side hydraulic pressures are identical, avoid the excessive damage that wheel disc is caused of a side water impact.

Embodiment as shown in Figures 12 and 13 comprises 133 and 4 relief holes 135 of 11 blades.But the utility model is not limited to this, can comprise the blade 133 of any suitable quantity and the relief hole 135 of any suitable quantity, preferably the quantity of blade 133 is 8-12, the quantity of relief hole is 2-6.

Blade in above-described embodiment can be integrally formed as single-piece, makes thus to manufacture to simplify, and easily realizes batch production.Can be by integrally formed this blades of variety of way such as injection moulding, molded, machinings.Simple in structure according to the utility model embodiment's impeller for drainage pump, working efficiency is higher, and the life-span is longer, and is applicable to batch production.

As shown in figure 15, show the insulating boot 230 according to preferred embodiment of the present utility model.On insulating boot 230, be provided with terminal protection structure 141.Insulating boot 230 is an end opening, the tubular structure of the other end sealing.The open end of insulating boot 230 receives some parts of motor portion 2, and is connected with main casing 21.On the sidewall of insulating boot 230, comprise the terminal mouth 142 for tenminal block is set.Terminal protection structure 141 is from the outwardly directed inversion L shaped plate of insulating boot 230 above the terminal mouth 142 of insulating boot.

Terminal protection structure 141 is included in the batten plate 144 that terminal mouth 142 tops extend to form the substrate 143 of dash penthouse and dangle in terminal mouth 142 side direction.In the direction of insertion in terminal insertion end rim of the mouth 142, substrate 143 is parallel to this direction of insertion and extends.In addition, substrate 143 is downward-sloping slightly towards the closed end direction of insulating boot along electrical axis.The angle of 45 ° is preferably selected to be less than in this angle of inclination, is more preferably chosen in the angle between 5 ° to 30 °, is 10 ° in the present embodiment.Batten plate 144 the base of substrate 143 locate along (along the most close insulating boot closed end of electrical axis direction) or near be connected to substrate 143 and from its extension of dangling downwards.

In addition, terminal protection structure 141 preferably includes wall portion 145 and the wall portion 146 of upwards holding up from flash edge and the outermost edge of substrate 143.

The substrate 143 of terminal protection structure 141 and batten plate 144 forming sections are around the L shaped structure of inversion of terminal mouth; and the sidewall of substrate 143 and the wall portion 145 of holding up from substrate and wall portion 146 and insulating boot 230 forms a rhone; in the time having water droplet to drop on substrate; water just can slide to side along substrate 143; and flow down along batten plate 144; thereby prevent that water droplet from falling in terminal and terminal mouth, prevent that short circuit from occurring, thereby play a protective role.

Describe each embodiment of the present utility model in the above in detail.But, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the situation that not departing from principle of the present utility model and spirit, can carry out various modifications to these embodiments, combination or sub-portfolio, and such modification should fall in scope of the present utility model.

Claims (12)

1. a draining pump, is characterized in that, this draining pump comprises water pump part and motor portion, and described motor portion comprises brushless motor, and described brushless motor comprises:

Motor casing;

Motor shaft;

Rotor assembly, is arranged on synchronous rotary on described motor shaft and with the rotation of described motor shaft, comprises rotor iron core and embeds the rotor magnetic pole on described rotor iron core;

Stator module, comprises stator iron core and is wound on the threephase stator winding in stator core slot; And

Control panel, comprise three-phase inverting circuit, and comprise circuit controlling component, this circuit controlling component is one or more microprocessors or DSP digital signal processor, and control the three-phase voltage that described three-phase inverting circuit is exported to the threephase stator winding on described stator module

Wherein, described control panel is accommodated in described motor casing.

2. draining pump as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described water pump part comprises water pump shell and impeller, the side that described motor casing stretches out at motor shaft have for the fixing fixed structure of described water pump shell, and described impeller is fixedly attached to described motor shaft so that rotate together with described motor shaft under the driving of described brushless motor.

3. draining pump as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described stator module adopts fractional-slot structure.

4. draining pump as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the shared electric angle scope within the scope of corresponding pole span of the single rotor magnetic pole in described rotor assembly is 90 °-120 °.

5. draining pump as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described control panel also comprises detection part and analog-to-digital conversion parts, the three-phase voltage that described detection part is exported to the threephase stator winding on described stator module for detection of described three-phase inverting circuit and three phase circuit and output three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal; Detected described detection part three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal are converted to digital voltage signal and digital current signal by described analog-to-digital conversion parts, and the digital voltage signal being converted to and digital current signal are offered to described circuit controlling component.

6. draining pump as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described circuit controlling component utilizes position and described digital voltage signal and the digital current signal of estimated rotor magnetic pole, produces the pulse signal of the device for power switching for controlling described three-phase inverting circuit.

7. draining pump as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described control panel also comprises differential amplification parts, described differential amplification parts receive described three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal from described detection part, amplify described three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal, and three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal after amplifying are outputed to described analog-to-digital conversion parts.

8. draining pump as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described control panel also comprises three-phase output end and grounding end, and described three-phase output end is connected with described threephase stator winding respectively, and described grounding end is connected with the central point of described threephase stator winding.

9. draining pump as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, on described control panel, described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part are arranged together, and described circuit controlling component, described differential amplification parts and described analog-to-digital conversion parts and described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part are arranged apart.

10. draining pump as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the mode that described control panel coordinates by machinery and described stator module are fixed together.

11. draining pumps as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described motor casing not exclusively seals, and a part for stator module is exposed.

12. draining pumps as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described draining pump is for dishwasher or washing machine.

Images