CN203587445U - Tester for testing rock fracture toughness - Google Patents
Tester for testing rock fracture toughness Download PDFInfo
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- CN203587445U CN203587445U CN201320773059.5U CN201320773059U CN203587445U CN 203587445 U CN203587445 U CN 203587445U CN 201320773059 U CN201320773059 U CN 201320773059U CN 203587445 U CN203587445 U CN 203587445U
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- box body
- upper cover
- fracture toughness
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a tester for testing rock fracture toughness, particularly relates to a tester for testing rock fracture toughness under a confining pressure effect, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering. By adopting the tester disclosed by the utility model, a confining pressure exerting device is added to the original brazilian disk tester, the mode of simply and directly loading separation to carry out the test in the existing tester is changed, a spring locating device, a sealing device and a self-balance device are added to the box body; a dial indicator, an oil filling port, an exhaust hole and the like are matched, so as to record lateral and axial displacement change and control the liquid inside the box body to form stable confining pressure; the sample is fixed by using the spring locating device after the sample is put into the box body; a loading shaft can be prevented from being affected by confining pressure by adding the self-balance device, and control on loading of the sample is facilitated. By adopting the device, a splitting test of a rocker sample under the confining pressure can be achieved. Thus, the fracture toughness of the sample is calculated; the tester is reasonable in design, convenient to operate and use, and applicable to determination of the fracture toughness of kinds of rocks.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of test unit of testing rock fracture toughness, and particularly a kind of having the test unit of measuring rock I type, II type and I-II Mixed Mode Fracture toughness under confined pressure effect.Belong to Geotechnical Engineering field.
Background technology
Brazil disk split test is recommended as measuring after the indirect method of Tensile Strength of Rock from 1978 Nian Bei ISRM, at home and abroad be applied widely, in China, the method has been put in national standard < < Standard for test methods of engineering rock masses > > and industry standard < < water conservancy and hydropower rock test rules > >.Existing numerous scholars have proposed query to the theoretical analysis of Brazil disk split test, formula proving, and improved Brazilian disk test equipment is also through being usually used in measuring rock opening mode fracture toughness, but because structural design exists certain limitation, be difficult to the shearing of rock and Mixed Mode Fracture toughness to be measured.And the important parameter of rock fracture toughness during as prediction Practical Project rock mass mechanics character all has more important reference value when the research of the broken rock mechanism such as the cutting of rock burst, rock side slope fracture unstability equistability, rock, explosion, tunnel piercing, hydrofracturing.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned existing problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of test unit of considering to measure under confined pressure effect rock I type, II type and I-II Mixed Mode Fracture toughness, can consider different confined pressures, different crackles inclination angle, various boundary and add the impact of the different stress paths such as unloading in test.Can realize under different stress the diametral compression test of band precrack cylinder rock sample.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of test unit of testing rock fracture toughness, device comprises box body, load axle and filler strip, on described box body two side, be symmetrically arranged with coaxial circular hole, spring-positioning device is placed in respectively coaxial circular hole, on the outer wall of loading axle, be provided with the collar, upper cover is sleeved on to load on axle and is connected with box body bolt, top cover is sleeved on to load on axle and is connected with upper cap bolt, between top cover and upper cover, be provided with oil pocket, the collar is arranged in oil pocket, box body lower end is provided with oil-in, in upper cover, be provided with pipeline road, pipeline road is communicated with oil pocket and box body inner chamber, oil pocket oil-in is positioned at the top of the collar, in upper cover, be provided with the vent port that is communicated with oil pocket, vent port is positioned at the below of the collar, oil-out is arranged at connection oil pocket and exterior line in upper cover, and be positioned at oil pocket oil-in top near oil pocket top.
Described box bottom central authorities are provided with groove, and filler strip is movably placed in groove, and groove center line is vertical with the circle center line connecting of coaxial circular hole.
Top cover and upper cover surface of contact are provided with O-ring seal, load axle and top cover and upper cover surface of contact and be provided with O-ring seal, upper cover and inboard wall of cartridge contact position are provided with O-ring seal, and the surface of contact of the collar and oil pocket is provided with O-ring seal, between spring-positioning device and the coaxial circular hole of box body, are provided with O-ring seal.
Owing to having adopted above technical scheme, the utility model adopts to have set up in Brazil disk split test device and applies oil pocket between confining pressure device, spring-positioning device, top cover and upper cover, having improved in existing test unit only exerts pressure merely carry out splitting load mode, the size that can change in test confined pressure adds off-load test to sample; Spring-positioning device can be controlled direction of check and load axial angle, is convenient in test Control Assay and makes it not rotate and rolling, also can not affect the distortion of sample after after pressure-bearing simultaneously; Between top cover and upper cover the setting of oil pocket make test to add uninstall process easier, box body inner chamber is connected by pipeline road with oil pocket, the two internal pressure is consistent, reach and load the upper and lower self-equilibrating of axle, just can not need thus to consider that confined pressure is to loading the retroaction of axle, and the size of the axial loading force that directly converts is calculated.
Advantage and the good effect that the utlity model has are:
1 device can be realized has the splitting under confined pressure effect to load to sample, different confined pressures, different crackles inclination angle, various boundary can be set in test and add the different stress paths such as unloading.Can realize under different stress the diametral compression test of band precrack cylinder rock sample.
Between 2 upper covers and top cover, oil pocket is connected by pipeline road with box body inner chamber, and the two internal pressure is consistent, reaches and loads the upper and lower self-equilibrating of axle, just can not need thus to consider that confined pressure is to loading the retroaction of axle, and the size of the axial loading force that directly converts is calculated, make to test simple and easy to do.
2 have improved original single measurement means, can under different condition, measure the fracture toughness of the different fracture modes of rock.
3 can actual response rock mass opens, shearing or the mixed type form while destroying, and is further to study its failure mechanism basis.
4 the utility model test units are reasonable in design, easy for operation, are applicable to the diametral compression test of all kinds of rock samples.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and principle of work, the utility model is elaborated, referring to Fig. 1:
Test a test unit for rock fracture toughness, install by filler strip 2 spring-positioning device 3, clock gauge 4, loads axle 5, upper cover 6, oil-in 7, exhausr port 8, oil-out 9, pipeline road 10, box body 11, top cover 12, oil pocket 13, the collar 14 forms, and on described box body 11 two sides, is symmetrically arranged with coaxial circular hole, spring-positioning device 3 is movably placed in respectively in coaxial circular hole, for fixing sample 1, on the outer wall of loading axle 5, be provided with the collar 14, its cross section is concentric circles with loading shaft section, the two nests together activity, top cover 12 is sleeved on to load on axle 5 and is connected with upper cover 6 bolts, upper cover 6 is sleeved on to load on axle 5 and is connected with box body 11 bolts, between top cover 12 and upper cover 6, be provided with oil pocket 13, the collar 14 is arranged in oil pocket 13 with loading axle 5 and can moves by easy on and off, box body 11 lower ends are provided with oil-in 7, oil-in 7 and external hydraulic equipment connection, be used for providing constant voltage or coordinate with oil-out 9 for testing variable confined pressure is provided, in upper cover 6, be provided with pipeline road 10, pipeline road 10 is communicated with oil pocket 13 and box body cavity, oil pocket 13 oil-ins are positioned at the top of the collar 14, oil-out 9 is arranged at the interior connection oil pocket 13 of upper cover 6 and exterior line, be positioned at top and close oil pocket 13 tops of oil pocket 13 oil-ins, when hydraulically operated equipment (HOE) by oil-in 7 when filling with liquid in box body 11, liquid can flow to oil pocket 13 by pipeline road 10, from oil pocket 13, pass through oil-out 9 to exterior line 10 again, so far can think that box body 11 inner chambers and oil pocket 13 are all full of liquid, now seal oil-out 9, utilize hydraulic power source to provide pressure in box body 11, because 12 oil pockets 13 of upper cover 6 and top cover are connected by pipeline road 10 with box body 11 inner chambers, the two internal pressure is consistent, reach and load the upper and lower self-equilibrating of axle 5, just can not need thus to consider that confined pressure is to loading the retroaction of axle 5, and the size of the axial loading force that directly converts, calculate, make to test simple and easy to do, in upper cover 6, be provided with exhausr port 8 and be communicated with oil pocket 13 and outside, and be positioned at the below of the collar 14.Load axle 5 and transmit in the process of power to sample 1, load axle 5 and move downward with the collar 14, the interior air of compression oil pocket 13, air is discharged by exhausr port 8.Box body 11 bottom surface central authorities are provided with the groove of placing filler strip 2, and filler strip 2 is welded as a whole by square cushion block and right cylinder filler strip, is movably set in groove, and right cylinder filler strip axis is vertical with the circle center line connecting of coaxial circular hole, parallel and coplanar with sample 1 axis.During test, sample 1 is placed on filler strip 2, and spring equalizing device 3 clamps sample makes sample 1 fixing.Top cover 12 is provided with O-ring seal with upper cover 6 surface of contact, load axle 5 and be provided with O-ring seal with top cover 12 and upper cover 6 surface of contact, upper cover 6 is provided with O-ring seal with box body 11 inwall contact positions, the collar 14 is provided with O-ring seal with the surface of contact of oil pocket 13, between spring-positioning device 3 and the coaxial circular hole of box body 11, is provided with O-ring seal.All O-ring seals are the indispensable measures that guarantees confined pressure in cavity.
The utility model adopts to have set up in test unit and applies confining pressure device, spring-positioning device 3, top cover 12 and 6 oil pockets 13 of upper cover, having improved in existing test unit only exerts pressure merely carry out splitting load mode, the size that can change in test confined pressure adds off-load test to sample; Spring-positioning device 3 can be controlled direction of check and the angle that loads axle 5 directions, is convenient in test Control Assay and makes it not rotate and rolling, also can not affect the distortion of sample after after pressure-bearing simultaneously; Top cover 12 self balancing devices make test to add uninstall process easier, box body 11 cavitys are connected by pipeline road 10 with oil pocket 13, make the two internal pressure consistent, the size of the axial loading force that can directly convert thus and do not need to consider that confined pressure calculates.
The application of the utility model in rock mechanics experiment:
1 is positioned over filler strip 2 in box body 11, guarantees that its axis is vertical with coaxial circles hole circle center line connecting on two side.
2 are connected hydraulic power source with oil-in 7, exterior line is connected with oil-out 9, guarantee that pipeline is unobstructed.
3 sample 1 size φ 50mm * 50mm, within the machining precision of sample 1, flatness and verticality are all controlled at the scope of < < Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering rock test rules > > (SL264-2001) regulation, sample is carried out to crackle pre-service, pretreated sample 1 is positioned on filler strip 2, with spring-positioning device 3, be fixedly clamped, determined that direction of check and loading axle 5 angular separations meet the demands.
4 upper covers 6 are fixed with box body 11 use bolts, the loading axle 5 being connected is placed in upper cover 6, then top cover 12 and upper cover 6 use bolts are fixed with lifting jack.
5 are connected with clock gauge 4 respectively at two spring fitting devices 3, for the lateral shift of determination test sample 1, will load axle 5 tops and be connected with clock gauge 4, for the axial displacement of determination test sample 1.
After 6 devices connect, be placed on electro-hydraulic servo implosion test machine and test.
First 7 open hydraulic power source provides liquid by oil-in 7 in box body 11, when oil-out 9 has stable liquid to flow out, is considered as being full of liquid in box body 11, and sealing oil-out 9, continues to provide in box body 11 that liquid is capable becomes confined pressure
8 open electro-hydraulic servo implosion test machine, by loading 1 pressurization of 5 pairs of samples of axle, to complete the diametral compression test under confined pressure effect of sample 1
The computing formula of 9 test rock fracture toughnesses is as follows:
In formula: K
ifor opening mode stress intensity factor, K
iIfor shearing-type stress intensity factor, R is radius of specimen, and B is sample thickness, load when P is the critical destruction of sample, and 2a is precrack length, β is direction of check and loading direction angle, N
iand N
iIfor dimensionless pressure intensity factor, it is the function (a/R≤0.3) of a/R and angle of inclination beta.
At pure shear state plane, dimensionless pressure intensity factor N
ibe zero, formula (3) equals zero.If given a/R, the angle β of prefabricated crack and loading direction in the time of can calculating generation pure shear state, the sample breaking pressure data that obtain by experiment, calculate II type stress strength factor K
iI, i.e. rock II-type fracture toughness K
iI C.Equally, for I type fracture toughness, can make II type dimensionless pressure intensity factor N
iIand K
iIequal zero, formula (4) equals zero, and calculates the angle β that prefabricated crack and loading direction need, and the rock sample parting pressure obtaining by experiment, calculates I type stress intensity factor, i.e. I type fracture toughness K
i C.
Claims (3)
1. a test unit of testing rock fracture toughness, device comprises box body (11), load axle (5) and filler strip (2), it is characterized in that: on described box body (11) two side, be symmetrically arranged with coaxial circular hole, spring-positioning device (3) is placed in respectively coaxial circular hole, on the outer wall of loading axle (5), be provided with the collar (14), upper cover (6) is sleeved on loading axle (5) and is above connected with box body (11) bolt, top cover (12) is sleeved on loading axle (5) and is above connected with upper cover (6) bolt, between top cover (12) and upper cover (6), be provided with oil pocket (13), the collar (14) is arranged in oil pocket (13), box body (11) lower end is provided with oil-in (7), in upper cover (6), be provided with pipeline road (10), pipeline road (10) is communicated with oil pocket (13) and box body (11) inner chamber, oil pocket (13) oil-in is positioned at the top of the collar (14), in upper cover (6), be provided with the vent port (8) that is communicated with oil pocket (13), vent port (8) is positioned at the below of the collar (14), oil-out (9) is arranged at connection oil pocket (13) and exterior line in upper cover (6), and be positioned at oil pocket (13) oil-in top near oil pocket (13) top.
2. a kind of test unit of testing rock fracture toughness as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described box body (11) bottom surface central authorities are provided with groove, and filler strip (2) is movably placed in groove, and groove center line is vertical with the circle center line connecting of coaxial circular hole.
3. a kind of test unit of testing rock fracture toughness as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: top cover (12) is provided with O-ring seal with upper cover (6) surface of contact, load axle (5) and be provided with O-ring seal with top cover (12) and upper cover (6) surface of contact, upper cover (6) is provided with O-ring seal with box body (11) inwall contact position, the surface of contact of the collar (14) and oil pocket (13) is provided with O-ring seal, between spring-positioning device (3) and the coaxial circular hole of box body (11), is provided with O-ring seal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320773059.5U CN203587445U (en) | 2013-11-28 | 2013-11-28 | Tester for testing rock fracture toughness |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320773059.5U CN203587445U (en) | 2013-11-28 | 2013-11-28 | Tester for testing rock fracture toughness |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203587445U true CN203587445U (en) | 2014-05-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320773059.5U Withdrawn - After Issue CN203587445U (en) | 2013-11-28 | 2013-11-28 | Tester for testing rock fracture toughness |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103604702A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-26 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Device for testing fracture toughness of rock |
| CN104390844A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-04 | 三峡大学 | Method for testing tensile strength of rock at random schistosity angle through single rock sample |
| CN107271282A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-10-20 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of experimental rig for testing rock fracture toughness |
| CN110646292A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 东北大学 | Brazil disc splitting test device and method under simulated hydrostatic pressure condition |
| CN111272541A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-12 | 河南理工大学 | Rock brazilian test fixture device for accurately controlling splitting direction of layered rock |
-
2013
- 2013-11-28 CN CN201320773059.5U patent/CN203587445U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103604702A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-26 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Device for testing fracture toughness of rock |
| CN103604702B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of assay device testing rock fracture toughness |
| CN104390844A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-04 | 三峡大学 | Method for testing tensile strength of rock at random schistosity angle through single rock sample |
| CN104390844B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-08-24 | 三峡大学 | The test method of Tensile Strength of Rock under any sheet reason angle is surveyed by single rock sample |
| CN107271282A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-10-20 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of experimental rig for testing rock fracture toughness |
| CN107271282B (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-06-25 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of experimental rig for testing rock fracture toughness |
| CN110646292A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 东北大学 | Brazil disc splitting test device and method under simulated hydrostatic pressure condition |
| CN111272541A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-12 | 河南理工大学 | Rock brazilian test fixture device for accurately controlling splitting direction of layered rock |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20140507 Effective date of abandoning: 20160622 |
|
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20140507 Effective date of abandoning: 20160622 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |