CN2035347U - Low-frequency stable-amplitude electromagnetic vibration conveyer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-frequency stable-amplitude electromagnetic feeder, which belongs to the vibration conveying machinery. A nonlinear spring is adopted on the master vibration spring of the low-frequency stable-amplitude electromagnetic feeder; the control and the circuit parts adopt the adaptive resonance (patent) technique, the amplitude modulation and fixed amplitude control circuit, and a high-power one-direction silicon controllable controlling circuit controlled by an electro-optic coupling element, which makes the electromagnetic feeder operate in the state of low-frequency resonance. The utility model has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high efficiency, simple adjustment, and steady and reliable operation. The low-frequency stable-amplitude electromagnetic feeder which can be widely used for various fields, such as the mining area, the metallurgy, foodstuffs, the chemical industry, the medicine, etc., is an ideal transmission device.

Description

Low-frequency stable-amplitude electromagnetic vibration conveyer

The utility model belongs to the oscillator tool.

Electro-vibrating feeder is a kind of bulk, graininess and the granular material even transmission equipment that goes in the material receiving device that is given to continuously or quantitatively from storage bin or funnel.Product mostly is to be powered after the silicon control half wave rectification by single phase alternating current to give electromagnetic shaker both at home and abroad at present, makes it to drive the purpose that the hopper vibration reaches feeding, as the GZ series electro-vibrating feeder that Chaoyang Vibrating Machinery Plant produces, is exactly a kind of representative pattern.This feeder is in the low work of critical Near resonance oscillating state, i.e. the natural frequency ω of exciting frequency ω and system ₀Ratio (values for tuning) Z=ω/ω ₀=0.9 is subjected to electric network source constrained vibration frequency height, and 3000 times/minute, sent material broken serious, efficient is low when the conveying powder material high-viscosity material, and influences the continuity of mass transport.Noise is big, generally all is higher than more than 80 decibels.Remain on about 0.9 for making feeder be in low critical Near resonance oscillating state work values for tuning simultaneously, the elastic element debug process that is installed is very loaded down with trivial details, makes troubles to operation.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of electromagnetic feeder of the low frequency fixed ampllitude low noise resonance condition work that has improved.

Low frequency fixed ampllitude electromagentic resonance (EMR) feeder is to be values for tuning Z=ω/ω with design of Structural Parameters ₀=1 is resonance condition work, main vibration spring adopts the nonlinear spring element, and in former silicon control half-wave rectifying circuit, adding self-adapted resonant method and system (patent No. 85100017) and amplitude modulation fixed amplitude circuit, the control electromagnetic shaker drives low frequency fixed ampllitude electromagentic resonance (EMR) feeder (can be called for short electricity shake machine) and works reposefully at resonance condition.

Fig. 1 is the electricity machine principle schematic of shaking, and Fig. 2 is the nonlinear spring characteristic,

Fig. 3 is certain frequency electricity machine resonance curve that shakes

Fig. 4 is a circuit example shown in A among Fig. 1, the B square frame

Fig. 5 is a circuit example shown in D among Fig. 1, the E square frame

Fig. 6 is the electricity machine embodiment scheme drawing that shakes

Fig. 7 is a circuit example shown in the C square frame among Fig. 1.

1-hopper among the figure, 2-magnet steel, 3-sensor, 4-armature; The 5-main vibration spring, 6-iron core 7-line bag, 8-shock absorber, 9-housing and inertial mass, A-feedback signal circuit, B-amplitude modulation fixed amplitude circuit, C-adaptive resonance unit and start-oscillation circuit, D-silicon controlled control circuit, E-vibrator power supply, 10-amplifier LM324 is as amplifier, and 11-amplifier LM324 is as comparator, 12,13,14,18,19,20-resistance, 15,16,34-diode, 21-amplifier LM324 is as subtracter, 17,22,66, the 77-potentiometer, 23,24,25,26-photoelectric coupling integrated package TIL113,27-high-power silicon controlled rectifier 28-vibrator, 29-amplifier LM324,30,31,32,33-four nor gate CD4001,111,222,333-circuit tie-point. Electro-vibrating feeder is general main partly to be made up of hopper, electromagnetic vibrator, shock absorber and control cabinet. Figure 1 shows that the utility model structural representation. Wherein electromagnetic vibrator is made up of armature 4, line bag 7, iron core 6. The low-frequency stable-amplitude electromagnetic vibration conveyer Design of Mechanical Structure becomes two quality resonator system, i.e. Z=ω/ω₀=1 and the intrinsic frequency ω of system₀=C/M, C is the global stiffness of main vibration spring in the formula, M=(M₁·M ₂)/(M1+M ₂) wherein the equivalent quality of material consists of mass M jointly in the half-sum hopper of quality, the main vibration spring reduced mass of hopper 1 and armature 4, magnet steel 2₁ The quality of vibrator housing and inertial mass 9, sensor 3, iron core 6, line bag 7 and half of main vibration spring reduced mass consist of mass M₂ Main vibration spring of the present utility model adopts nonlinear spring, and for example not equidistant Nonlinear Spiral groups of springs has the flat spring that batcher is used now to replace. The characteristic of nonlinear spring as shown in Figure 2, ordinate F(X) is elastic force, abscissa X is vibration displacement, when electricity shake machine system during in the work of a certain frequency resonance curve as shown in Figure 3, ordinate represents amplitude, and abscissa is operating frequency, is a more smooth curve near its resonance point, be convenient to adjust vibration frequency, improve the stability of amplitude.

Existing electro-vibrating feeder, its electromagnetic vibrator is given electricity by single-phase alternating current after the controllable silicon halfwave rectifier, and frequency is identical with mains frequency, can only be 50HZ, and namely operating frequency is 3000 times/minute. And theory analysis is pointed out, electro-vibrating feeder ideal operation frequency is 1250 times/minute, and the vibrator frequency is selected in about 20HZ to good. As add frequency division controllable silicon half with line voltage The ripple fairing, complex structure, expensive, no business promotion is worth. Low-frequency stable-amplitude electromagnetic vibration conveyer has adopted adaptive resonance unit and start-oscillation circuit and amplitude modulation fixed amplitude circuit, makes electromagnetic vibrator can be implemented in 15-24. Work in the 5HZ frequency range. Sensor 3 amplifies fixed ampllitude as control signal through feedback signal circuit A and amplitude modulation fixed amplitude circuit B to signal demodulator with the induced signal that magnet steel 2 relative motions produce, a control signal is also exported from the motion tracking natural frequency of vibration in another adaptive resonance unit, path, above-mentioned two control signals act on silicon controlled control circuit simultaneously, make controllable silicon 27 provide lead angle, frequency and the amplitude of the power supply of control vibrator are to reach the purpose of resonance and amplitude limit. Amplifier 29 and four nor gate 30,31,32,33 form the adaptive unit circuit, and wherein nor gate 32,33 doubles as again oscillator. Not yet starting of oscillation of system during start, sensor signal is zero, the electricity machine that shakes is the oscillator signal that produces by in adaptive resonance unit as shown in Figure 7 and start-oscillation circuit one example, make the electromagnetic vibrator starting of oscillation drive the electricity machine oscillating circuit that shakes and to pass through potentiometer 77 regulating frequencies, the signal that sensor 3 detects when amplitude is slightly big has replaced the signal of former oscillating circuit, the adaptive resonance unit makes system automatically step into resonance state from motion tracking. Whole circuit is a closed-loop system. When voltage ripple of power network or raw meal particle size changed greatly, amplitude modulation fixed amplitude circuit B utilized Voltage Feedback to carry out dual benefit reward automatic adjusting amplitude, such as ectocine amplitude is descended, and then controls the voltage automatic gain, amplitude is gone up until stablize; Surpass limit value if amplitude strengthens suddenly, then control automatic reduction of voltage and make amplitude drop to the allowed band steady running. Figure 4 shows that the embodiment of A, B square frame feedback signal circuit and amplitude modulation fixed amplitude circuit. Amplifier 10,21 forms fixed amplitude circuit, amplifier 10 as adder 21 as amplifier, when electricity shakes machine under a certain load during normal operation, by potentiometer 66 given amplitudes, give among Fig. 5 potentiometer 22 through silicon controlled control circuit through amplifier 10, positive potential of 21 outputs, corresponding controllable silicon 27-conduction angle, corresponding electricity machine one amplitude that shakes. Shake the machine amplitude when changing when external cause makes electricity, as cause amplitude to increase, through the negative value that diode 34 flows to amplifier 10 will increase with given addition after absolute value reduce, so output also reduces, the like the positive potential of potentiometer 22 reduce, conduction angle is little, makes amplitude reduce to be tending towards initial value. Power supply+E₁, diode 15,16 and comparator 11(amplifier 11 as comparator), potentiometer 17 and relevant resistance 12,13,14,18,20 forms amplitude limiter circuits, is used for the large amplitude fluctuation. Comparator 11 is designed to F point current potential absolute value greater than G point current potential absolute value under the normal condition, after amplitude surpasses limit value, F point current potential absolute value reduces significantly, when being lower than G point current potential, comparator 11 outputs are negative by upward transition, diode 16 conductings, the N point current potential of amplifier 21 becomes negative (N point current potential is zero under the normal condition) by zero. Amplifier 21 is used subtraction, and when amplitude limit worked, because N point current potential is for bearing, the output of amplifier 21 will reduce significantly, causes the angle of flow to reduce significantly, makes the electricity machine that shakes be tending towards keeping former amplitude. Power supply+E₁Determine the initial value of amplitude limit. (beginning amplitude limit such as 4mm) potentiometer 17 determines the final value (as being limited to 3mm) of amplitude limit. The application of optocoupler components in electricity shakes machine: 23,24,25,26 for optocoupler components among Fig. 5, and along with photoelectric coupling integrated package prices, being used for the electricity machine that shakes becomes possibility with light current control forceful electric power. High-power one-way SCR 27 is controlled in the utility model utilization, to light current and forceful electric power neither altogether power supply good buffer action is arranged, antijamming capability is strong, is a feature of the present utility model.

Embodiment such as Fig. 6 illustrate, hopper 1 and the armature 4 magnet steel 2 formation motion parts that is fixed together: constitute another part with sensor 3 in iron core 6, line bag 7, fixing inspection housing and the inertial mass 9, two parts flexibly are bound up with main vibration spring 5, and hopper and housing hang to be fixed on shock absorber 8 lifting respectively and electricity shaken the gap of necessarily moving about is arranged around the machine.The feed process is utilized electromagnetic shaker driving hopper along inclined direction to make the periodic straight lines double vibrations and is realized, when the acceleration/accel normal component of vibration during greater than vertical heavy acceleration/accel, material in the groove is thrown, and track parabolically carries out skip motion forward, hopper is with the frequency vibration of per minute 1250 times, material is correspondingly thrown continuously to jump forward and is moved, and reaches the purpose of feeding.Low frequency fixed ampllitude electromagentic resonance (EMR) feeder is an example with novel GZ4 machine, and hopper is 500 * 200 * 1000(mm), M ₁=M ₂=150 kilograms, main vibration spring is selected 8 non-linear coil springs, d=12mm, D for use ₂=70mm, number of turns n=2 uses as Fig. 1 and Fig. 4,5,7 control circuit figure, and frequency is 22HZ, and double-amplitude is 4.0mm, and 1 type armature sectional area is 70 * 150mm ², the line bag uses 2 of φ 2.68mm enamel wire 55 circles, 300 kilograms of complete machine weight, and mass transport output is per hour 100 tons.

Low-frequency stable-amplitude electromagnetic vibration conveyer is owing to used amplitude modulation fixed amplitude circuit and adaptive resonance (patent) unit and start-oscillation circuit, make it be in resonance state work, energy-conservation, efficient is high, low-frequency stable-amplitude electromagnetic vibration conveyer has been realized in desirable frequency range work simultaneously, noise also drops to below 70 decibels from former 85 decibels, has greatly improved working environment. The nonlinear spring system makes the electricity machine that shakes stable and reliable for performance. Control system can not only realize frequency-tracking, resonance, has got rid of simultaneously the impact that power network fluctuation brings. The utility model adopts optocoupler components in circuit, with light current control forceful electric power, be used for promoting high-power one-way SCR, has reduced volume, and safe and reliable, tool has an enormous advantage. The utility model volume is little, in light weight, weight only has 2/3 of original weight of the same type, debugging is simple, having good business promotion is worth, can be widely used in the technical fields such as mine, metallurgy, coal, building materials, light industry, chemical industry, electric power, grain, medicine, is a kind of desirable conveying device.

Claims (3)

1, low frequency fixed ampllitude electromagentic resonance (EMR) feeder is by hopper and armature line bag, electromagnetic shaker and main vibration spring that iron core is formed, shock absorber and control circuit are partly formed, it is characterized in that, main vibration spring adopts the nonlinear spring element, control circuit partly is that the induced signal that produces of sensor [3] and magnet steel [2] relative motion is through feedback signal circuit [A], amplitude modulation fixed amplitude circuit [B] is to signal demodulator, amplify, fixed ampllitude is as control signal, another the adaptive resonance unit, path and start-oscillation circuit [C] the automatic tracking natural frequency of vibration are also exported a control signal, and two signals act on SCR control circuit [D] simultaneously, the frequency of control vibration excitor [28] and amplitude are in order to the frequency limit that the drives electromagnetic shaker work low frequency fixed ampllitude closed loop electromagentic resonance (EMR) system at 15HZ-24.5HZ.

2, it is characterized in that according to the said low frequency fixed ampllitude of claim 1 electromagentic resonance (EMR) feeder the nonlinear spring element can be non-linear coil spring.

3,, it is characterized in that said SCR control circuit is to adopt the optocoupler components integrated package to control high-power one-way SCR (27) according to the said low frequency fixed ampllitude of claim 1 electromagentic resonance (EMR) feeder.

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