CN203365264U - Sampling and weighing device for online monitoring of concentrations of atmospheric particulate matters with gravimetric method - Google Patents
Sampling and weighing device for online monitoring of concentrations of atmospheric particulate matters with gravimetric method Download PDFInfo
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- CN203365264U CN203365264U CN 201320171202 CN201320171202U CN203365264U CN 203365264 U CN203365264 U CN 203365264U CN 201320171202 CN201320171202 CN 201320171202 CN 201320171202 U CN201320171202 U CN 201320171202U CN 203365264 U CN203365264 U CN 203365264U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a sampling and weighing device for online monitoring of concentrations of atmospheric particulate matters with a gravimetric method. A baffle with a circular hole formed in the center divides a seal cover into upper and lower parts, an electronic balance is arranged at the lower part, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are installed at the upper part, and a butt joint port is formed in the opening of the air inlet pipe. A filter membrane clamp is placed on a barrel-shaped support, and a motor drives a tray to penetrate through the circular hole of the baffle along with the support and to move up and down; when the tray ascends to the top, the filter membrane clamp is in close butt joint with the butt joint port, now the bottom of the support seals the circular hole of the baffle, airflow enters the upper part of the seal cover from a vent hole formed in the side wall of the support after intercepting of particulate matters through a filter membrane and then is pumped out of the air outlet pipe; and when the tray descends, the support is placed on the balance for weighting of the filter membrane, and now the airflow does not pass through the seal cover and is discharged through a bypass. Sampling and weighting operations can be performed automatically and continuously under the control of a single-chip microcomputer. According to the sampling and weighing device, automation of sampling, weighing and data processing is achieved, so that the classic gravimetric method can be applied to online monitoring of mass concentrations of the atmospheric particulate matters.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of apparatus and method of air particle mass concentration on-line monitoring, particularly about a kind of sampling, meausring apparatus and method of carrying out air particle mass concentration on-line monitoring by gravimetric method.
Air particle refers to and is dispersed in airborne solid-state or liquid particles shape material, according to its particle size, can be divided into again the pellet (PM10) that overall suspended pellet (TSP) that aerodynamic diameter is less than or equal to 100 μ m and aerodynamic diameter are less than or equal to 10 μ m.Pellet can be subdivided into again particulate PM2.5 (aerodynamic diameter is less than or equal to 2.5 μ m) and coarse grain (aerodynamic diameter is between 2.5 μ m to 10 μ m).
Epidemiology shows with toxicologic research: crowd's respiratory system is all relevant to the variation of Atmospheric Grains concentration with the disease of cardiovascular system incidence of disease, number of hospitalized and crowd's mortality ratio etc.Particle, especially fine particle are the carriers that other pollutant enters human body, can be inhaled into alveolar and directly enter blood, and the serious harm health, be acknowledged as the human health damage maximum, and representative the strongest atmosphere pollution.Particle, except health being produced to harmful effect, also can cause material impact to the radiation balance of visibility, acid deposition, cloud and precipitation, atmosphere, the chemical reaction of stratosphere and troposphere etc.Therefore, for ensureing health, objectively responding environmental quality, need to carry out online the air particle mass concentration, continuously, accurate monitoring.
" the gravimetry method of surrounding air PM10 and PM2.5 " (HJ 618-2011) according to up-to-date promulgation, the standard method of carrying out the monitoring of air particle mass concentration is gravimetric method, with the filter membrane that can intercept and capture particle, before sampling in 15 ~ 30 ℃ at arbitrary temperature, under the relative humidity of 50% left and right, carry out obtaining its initial mass after constant weight, accurate observing and controlling sampling flow and time---bulk registration standard for manual sampling state volume in sampling process, get back to the same temperature of 15 ~ 30 ℃ after sampling, under the relative humidity of 50% left and right, after constant weight, claim to such an extent that it intercepts and captures quality, with initial mass, intercept and capture quality, standard for manual sampling state volumescope is calculated the monitoring result of particle concentration.The weight ratio juris is simple, and determination data is reliable, measures the impact that is not subject to particle shape, size, color, chemical composition etc.Therefore, gravimetric method be the most directly, the most reliable method, be other method of checking mark post whether accurately.But gravimetric method sampling, weighing all need manual operations, and program comparision is loaded down with trivial details, time-consuming, can not provide immediately test result, this has just limited, and the method is automatic in the air particle mass concentration, the application in on-line monitoring field.
Instrument for ambient air particulate matter mass concentration on-line monitoring mainly adopts oscillating balance method and β rays method in the market.
The 1980's R& P company is applied to air particle by the oscillating balance technology and automatically monitors, its micro-oscillating balance sensor critical piece of measuring sample quality is the conical hollow glass tube that an end is fixed, the other end is equipped with filter membrane, sample gas is by filter membrane, and particle is collected on filter membrane.Hollow tapered glass tube reciprocating vibration under electric field action when work, its oscillation frequency changes with the mass change of the particle of collecting on filter membrane, the quality of the particle that the change calculations of instrument by the Measurement accuracy frequency goes out to collect, the gaseous sample volume then gathered when collecting these particles calculates the mass concentration of particulate in air.But temperature also can affect the oscillation frequency of tapered glass tube, so must guarantee the impact that the working temperature of oscillating balance is not changed by the gas sample temperature.Therefore, oscillating balance method particle quality concentration monitor has parts and the structure of heating, insulation, and to ensure that oscillating balance is in the sample air-flow, it is constant that its working temperature can keep, be generally 50 ℃, substantially exceeded the temperature (15-30 ℃) when the standard weights method is weighed.This make a part when the standard weights method is measured the material of stable existence due to the rising of temperature volatilization loss, cause measured value on the low side.It is reported, oscillating balance method measured value generally approximately hangs down 8% than standard weights method.The monitoring result error of bringing because of vaporization at high temperature for compensating this part, the correction that Thermo Fisher Scientific company adopts filter membrane dynamic measurement system (FDMS) to compensate.FDMS allows the filter membrane of sampling use periodically, off and on the pure air through condensation and particle filtration to be purged, and will during pure air purges, the reduction of particle compensate former measurement result.The desirable prerequisite of FDMS system balance is: when those are measured in the standard weights method " should not " volatilization material, under high temperature (50 ℃), in 12 minutes, (sampling and purge cycles for one), at the uniform velocity volatilization discharges in time, only has during purging in this case the quality reduced can compensate the particle quality of because of excessive temperature, volatilizing and losing.And such prerequisite is difficult to meet under the actual environment condition, especially the material of gasification temperature between 30-50 ℃, volatilized totally soon when being heated to 50 ℃, obviously can't compensate these components FDMS system, this obviously will affect the accuracy of monitoring result.
The β rays method is that particle is collected on filter paper, and the proportional principle of quality of utilizing powder dust particle to absorb the amount of ray and powder dust particle is monitored.Atomic nucleus is emitted the β particle when the β decay occurs, and its penetration power is stronger, and when it passes certain thickness absorbing material, the phenomenon that the β transmitted intensity weakens step by step with the absorber thickness increase is called β and absorbs.When the range of the Thickness Ratio β of absorbing material particle is little when a lot, the absorption of β ray in material is approximately: I=I
0e
-μ l, in formula: I
0β transmitted intensity when there is no absorbing material; I is the intensity after the β ray passes the absorbing material that thickness is l; μ is mass absorption coefficient or mass attenuation coefficient, and unit is cm
2/ g; The mass thickness that l is layer of particulate matter, unit is g/cm
2.Visible, the β rays method is a kind of method that indirectly characterizes particulate matter amount concentration by measuring layer of particulate matter thickness, and instrument calibration adopts the standard diaphragm, and the material of supposition standard diaphragm is identical with the composition of adopted particle.And in environment, the composition of particle varies, for different materials, μ increases lentamente with the increase of atomic number.Therefore, the result that the β rays method is measured not only depends on the mass concentration of air particle, also is subject to the impact of particle chemical composition.The filter-paper-tape of β rays method analyzer needs continuous transmission, and the humidity of sample gas is excessive may cause that filter paper makes moist, the paper tape toughness drop, in the paper tape transmission process, easily is pulled off, and makes instrument failure normally to move.In order to prevent that filter paper from making moist, the normal method that adopts heating is to reduce relative air humidity, and too high heating-up temperature can be brought the loss of volatile constituent equally.The error of bringing due to these factors, affected the comparability of β rays method and standard weights method measured value, it is reported, the correlativity of β rays method measurement result and classical gravimetric method data is only between 77% to 90%, far below the correlativity (94% to 99%) between oscillating balance method and standard weights method test data.β rays method measurement result is than standard weights method mean height approximately 7%.
Summary of the invention
For the above problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of sampling, meausring apparatus of gravimetric method Atmospheric particulates mass concentration on-line monitoring, having solved the conventional weight method can not be continuously, sampling automatically, and can not be automatically, the defect of real-time analysis, can obtain in real time, particle quality concentration data accurately, thereby classical gravimetric method can be applied to the on-line monitoring of Atmospheric particulates mass concentration.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopts: a kind of sampling, meausring apparatus of gravimetric method atmosphere particle concentration on-line monitoring comprise air sample induction system, particle collection system, filter membrane clip jacking system, quality weighing system, intelligent control system.Described air sample induction system is comprised of aspiration pump and gas piping, and gas piping one terminates to the outlet of the dehumidification and temperature adjustment device of sample gas, and the other end is received draft tube through three-way pipe 2, and this draft tube enters in cover through the top of seal closure; Seal closure is divided into upper and lower two parts by dividing plate, and top is gas passage, the perforate outlet pipe has been installed on left side wall of the top of seal closure, and this outlet pipe is received three-way pipe 1 and aspiration pump successively; Another interface of three-way pipe 2 is received aspiration pump by pipeline, elbow and three-way pipe 1.Described particle collection system is comprised of docking port and filter membrane clip, the endpiece through the draft tube at seal closure top is installed, is fixed on to the disc docking port, in order to guarantee the stable of docking port, install 3 at the back side of docking port and strengthened gusset, strengthen gusset for 3 and be 120
0angle is uniformly distributed, and is fixed on air duct, snaps on the top board of seal closure; Rubber seal and cut spring are installed, are fixed with to the interface of docking port and filter membrane clip; Circular filter membrane is placed in discoid filter membrane clip base, spreads all over the ventilation mesh below base, with O-ring seal and pressure ring, filter membrane is fixed on the base of filter membrane clip.The quality weighing system is comprised of the electronic balance with automatically interior calibration function and the support of filter membrane clip, that support is is uncovered, hollow, the drum-shaped structure at the end is arranged, the bottom size of drum just can be blocked the circular hole in the middle of the seal closure dividing plate, in order to guarantee that when filter membrane collecting granules thing air-flow does not enter the balance room of seal closure bottom, the lower edge of drum base plate has been installed rubber seal, the annulus of groove is established at the top of drum in being, filter membrane clip just can snap in the groove on bucket top; Electronic balance is placed on the seal closure base plate, and its four foots pad have beam.Above-mentioned filter membrane clip jacking system is comprised of the pallet of three linear stepping motors and an annular, pallet is installed, is fixed on the screw rod of linear stepping motor by the gap nut that disappears, can be driven and be moved up and down on screw rod by linear stepping motor, 3 stepper motors be the top that equilateral triangle is arranged on seal closure.Above-mentioned intelligent control system is comprised of singlechip controller, keyboard and display, stepper motor driver module, 2 pressure transducers, 3 solenoid valves, gas mass flow controller, optoelectronic switches, these assemblies are connected with singlechip controller by signal wire, singlechip controller also is connected with electronic balance by signal wire, and singlechip controller is controlled moving up and down of pallet by the stepper motor driver module; Solenoid valve 1 is arranged between three-way pipe 1 and three-way pipe 2, and solenoid valve 2 is arranged between the pressure transducer 1 on three-way pipe 2 and seal closure draft tube, and solenoid valve 3 is arranged between three-way pipe 1 and seal closure escape pipe; Mass flow controller is arranged between three-way pipe 1 and aspiration pump; Optoelectronic switch is fixed on the dividing plate of seal closure, and its setting height(from bottom) is the lower position that pallet moves; Pressure transducer 1 is arranged on draft tube and is positioned on the outer pipeline section of seal closure; Pressure transducer 2 is arranged on the top of seal closure, is fixed on the sidewall of seal closure; The parameter of system operation selects (as sampling period, sampling flow, threshold pressure difference etc.) to input singlechip controller by keyboard, and the running status of system shows on display.Balance is placed in the bottom of seal closure, and for the drying that ensures balance room is placed with silica-gel desiccant in the bottom of seal closure, the front of seal closure arranges transparent glass door, to facilitate the observing system operation conditions and to change filter membrane and silica-gel desiccant.
Sampling based on above-mentioned Atmospheric particulates, meausring apparatus, the utility model provides a kind of sampling of gravimetric method Atmospheric particulates mass concentration on-line monitoring and the method for weighing simultaneously, comprises the following steps:
(1) change filter membrane, fasten the door of seal closure;
(2) unlocking electronic balance, the quality m of filter membrane when weighing is initial
0the complete qualitative data of weighing exports in singlechip controller by signal wire, singlechip controller is closed balance automatically, and drive the linear stepping motor rotation to make pallet hold up the support suitable distance of rising (as 20mm) extremely topmost, make filter membrane clip and docking port close contact, and making the joint sealing by O-ring seal, the bottom of support seals the circular hole in the middle of the seal closure dividing plate, block simultaneously;
(3) provide by aspiration pump the power that sucks gas, and limit, control the flow of sample air-flow by the air mass flow amount controller;
(4) obtain the tested air sample of the target flow that relative humidity<55%, temperature are 15-30 ℃ from the temperature and humidity regulation system of sampling cutter and sample gas;
(5) close the solenoid valve 1 of bypass, opens solenoid valve 2, solenoid valve 3, make gas pass through docking port, process filter membrane, by the gas after filter membrane intercepting and capturing particle, through the upper space of seal closure, by aspiration pump, extracted out, effluxes;
(6) filter membrane is intercepted and captured air particle, after official hour (as 10 minutes), singlechip controller shut electromagnetic valve 2, solenoid valve 3, opens solenoid valve 1, sample gas is directly taken away by aspiration pump, efflux, the linear stepping motor of singlechip controller driving simultaneously rotates backward and makes pallet take the support suitable distance of decline (as 20mm) to initial position, filter membrane clip descends with support after being pushed open by the cut spring on docking port, stentplacement, rest on the pallet of electronic balance, singlechip controller unlocking electronic balance is weighed, the complete qualitative data m1 that weighs exports in singlechip controller by signal wire, then singlechip controller is closed electronic balance automatically, and drive the linear stepping motor rotation to make pallet take the support suitable distance of rising (as 20mm) to the top, make filter membrane clip and docking port close contact, thereby enter the next round sampling, and so forth,
(7) the singlechip controller basis records the quality of forward and backward adjacent twice filter membrane, and tested air mass flow during filter membrane sampling, calculates the particle concentration of tested air in this period, and computing formula is: C=dMV
-1=dMQ
-1t
-1, in formula: C---particle concentration, the quality of dM---adjacent twice filter membrane weighing poor, the filter membrane accumulated samples volume of V---adjacent twice weighing, the flow of Q---tested gaseous sample, t---filter membrane sampling time; The air particle concentration data calculated is stored in singlechip controller;
(8) pressure data that singlechip controller monitoring seal closure is interior and draft tube is interior, pressure differential shows that lower than a certain threshold value filter membrane may be damaged, the singlechip controller prompt system need be changed qualified filter membrane, pressure differential is greater than a certain threshold value and shows that the particle sampling amount approaches at full capacity, the filter membrane that the singlechip controller prompt system need more renew; The filter membrane that singlechip controller also can need more renew according to the quality threshold prompt system of the collection particle of setting; By being arranged on the air pressure in the pressure monitor sensor seal closure in seal closure, to grasp the impermeability of seal closure, as the air pressure in seal closure and atmospheric pressure differential lower than the threshold value of setting, show seal closure gas leakage, system prompt need check the impermeability of seal closure, as whether hermatic door is fastened, whether O-ring seal needs replacing etc.
Sampling, meausring apparatus and the method for gravimetric method Atmospheric particulates mass concentration on-line monitoring described in the utility model have the following advantages:
Realized that sampling, weighing, data are processed and the robotization of storage, made classics, traditional gravimetric method can be applied to online, the continuous monitoring of air particle mass concentration;
While using device described in the utility model to carry out the on-line monitoring of air particles substrate concentration, daily consumptive material is only common filter membrane on market, and operating cost is low;
Adopt built-in two groups of correcting-weights, the electronic balance of the automatically interior calibration function of tool, guarantee weighing result accurately, thereby guaranteed the accurate, reliable of Monitoring Data;
In the on-line monitoring process, pressure differential when singlechip controller can be according to particle sampling before and after filter membrane, or the particle quality of catching, the filter membrane that comes prompt system more to renew, can guarantee the continuity of on-line monitoring;
The system activity parts are few, filter membrane clip and support thereof only need to move up and down, adopt linear stepping motor to drive and the optoelectronic switch location, and use band to segment the stepper motor driver module of function, vibration and the stand-by power consumption of machine operation process be can greatly reduce, and long-term, stable, safe, the operation reliably of system guaranteed.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The sampling that Fig. 1 is gravimetric method Atmospheric particulates mass concentration on-line monitoring, the structural representation of meausring apparatus;
The schematic diagram of sampling, meausring apparatus in seal closure when Fig. 2 is the balance weighing;
The schematic diagram of sampling, meausring apparatus in seal closure when Fig. 3 is filter membrane sampling;
The structural representation that Fig. 4 is seal closure;
The structural representation that Fig. 5 is pallet;
The supporting structure schematic diagram that Fig. 6 is filter membrane clip;
The structural representation that Fig. 7 is filter membrane clip;
The structural representation that Fig. 8 is the filter membrane clip docking facilities.
In figure: 1, solenoid valve 1; 2, solenoid valve 2; 3, escape pipe 1; 4, aspiration pump; 5, gas mass flow controller; 6, three-way pipe 1; 7, solenoid valve 3; 8, seal closure; 9, silica-gel desiccant; 10, beam 1; 11, beam 2; 12, electronic balance; 13, keyboard and display; 14, singlechip controller; 15, stepper motor driver module; 16, three-way pipe 2; 17, draft tube 1; 18, linear stepping motor 1; 19, linear stepping motor 2; 20, linear stepping motor 3; 21, docking port; 22, draft tube 2; 23, pressure transducer 1; 24, cut spring; 25, escape pipe 2; 26, O-ring seal 1; 27, dividing plate; 28, O-ring seal 2; 29, support; 30, optoelectronic switch; 31, pressure transducer 2; 32, pallet; 33, filter membrane clip; 34, mounting hole 1; 35, mounting hole 2; 36, hinge; 37, hermatic door; 38, O-ring seal 3; 39, door knob lock; 40, snap close; 41, the gap nut that disappears; 42, air hole; 43, filter membrane; 44, pressure ring; 45, O-ring seal 4; 46, base; 47, mounting hole 3; 48, strengthen gusset.
Embodiment
For the utility model is described better, be convenient to understand the technical solution of the utility model, typical but non-limiting embodiment of the present utility model is as follows:
Requirement according to gravimetric determination surrounding air PM10 and PM2.5, it is 15-30 ℃, relative humidity<55% that the sample gas that enters the utility model device requires its temperature, therefore, draft tube 17(is as Fig. 1) gas outlet that need receive the dehumidification and temperature adjustment device, sample gas dehumidifying, the temperature adjustment that will take from the sampling cutting head of take is 15-30 ℃ to relative humidity<55%, temperature.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4, draft tube 1(17) through three-way pipe 2(16) after be divided into the branch line of two parallel connections: a branch line is through solenoid valve 1(1) and 90
0elbow, then receive three-way pipe 1(6); Another branch line is through solenoid valve 2(2) receive draft tube 2(22), draft tube 2(22) the mounting hole 1(34 in the middle of seal closure 8 top boards) enter in seal closure 8, draft tube 2(22) endpiece has been installed the docking port 21 of filter membrane clip 33, is arranged on the escape pipe 2(25 of seal closure 8 upper left-hand walls) through solenoid valve 3(7) receive three-way pipe 1(6).The branch line of above-mentioned two parallel connections is at three-way pipe 1(6) locate to converge by receiving aspiration pump 4 after gas mass flow controller 5.
As shown in Figure 4, the top board of rectangular parallelepiped seal closure 8 is square, centre has mounting hole 1(34) for draft tube 2(22) access, on top board by mounting hole 1(34) centered by 3 linear stepping motors have been installed symmetrically, i.e. linear stepping motor 1(18), linear stepping motor 2(19), linear stepping motor 3(20).Dividing plate 27 is divided into upper and lower two parts by seal closure, and dividing plate 27 center has circular hole so that the support 29 of filter membrane clip 33 can move up and down within it.The left plate of seal closure 8 on dividing plate 27 perforate and install, connected escape pipe 2(25).The front of seal closure is equipped with can the movable hermatic door 37 of opening, the left side of hermatic door 37 is fixed on the outer wall in seal closure front by two hinges 36, door knob lock 39 is installed in the middle of the right of hermatic door 37, door knob lock 39 be arranged on the closely interlock of snap close 40 on the outer wall of seal closure front, thereby hermatic door is closed, is locked.In order to guarantee the impermeability of seal closure, the side of hermatic door 37 in seal closure is equipped with rubber seal 3(38).For the ease of observing the ruuning situation of equipment in seal closure, the material at hermatic door middle part is transparent glass.In order to reduce the impact of vibrations on the utility model device, 4 beam 1(10 have been installed under the base plate of seal closure).For impermeability and the impact of minimizing pipe vibration on installing that guarantees seal closure, draft tube 2(22) and escape pipe 2(25) with the junction of seal closure, the rubber shock-absorbing O-ring seal all is installed.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the utility model device adopts built-in two groups of correcting-weights, the electronic balance of automatically calibrating, electronic balance 12 is placed on the bottom of seal closure, the impact that may bring to electronic balance for controlling vibrations, place 4 beam 2(11 on the base plate of seal closure), electronic balance 12 is placed on beam 2(11) on.For guaranteeing the drying of balance room, place beaker and hold silica-gel desiccant 9 on the base plate of seal closure.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the pallet 32 that drive support 29 is moved up and down is arranged on the screw rod of 3 linear stepping motors (18,19,20).Control the optoelectronic switch 30 of pallet 32 shift positions and install, be fixed on the dividing plate 27 of seal closure 8, its setting height(from bottom) is the lower position that pallet 32 moves.
As shown in Figure 5, above-mentioned pallet 32 is annular, and 3 gap nuts 41 that disappear installing on it are equilateral triangle and distribute, and pallet 32 is arranged on the screw rod of above-mentioned 3 linear stepping motors (18,19,20) by the gap nut 41 that disappears.
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, filter membrane clip 33 is placed on support 29.
As shown in Figure 6, the support 29 of filter membrane clip is the drum-shaped structure uncovered, hollow, that the end is arranged: there is toroidal cavity its uncovered upper surface, for laying filter membrane clip 33; The equal diameters of circular hole in the middle of the dividing plate 27 of the external diameter at the bottom of its barrel and seal closure 8, so that filter membrane 43 can be blocked the middle circular hole (as shown in Figure 3) of dividing plate 27 at the bottom of this barrel when air flows into seal closure top with the collection particle, to avoid the disturbance of air-flow to balance, in order to guarantee to block up tightly, under bucket, edge has also been installed O-ring seal 2(28); 8 air holes 42 that distributing equably on the sidewall of support 29, this is the passage that the air-flow that sees through filter membrane 43 enters seal closure 8.
As shown in Figure 2, during electronic balance 12 weighing filter membrane clip 33, pallet 32 drops to extreme lower position, at this position pallet 32, with support 29, disengages, in order to avoid affect the accuracy of electronic balance weighing filter membrane.
As shown in Figure 7, filter membrane clip 33 is by base 46, O-ring seals 4(45), pressure ring 44 forms.Base 46 is disks that two-layer groove is arranged: top groove diameter is larger, for laying, block pressure ring 44; Following groove diameter is less, for laying, block O RunddichtringO 4(45); Try to get to the heart of a matter middle part for diameter and pressure ring 44 and O-ring seal 4(45) the circular net grid structure that equates of internal diameter, wire side is slightly lower protruding, the fence of wire side is presented sharp, lower blunt type, taper sharp facing to the filter membrane in dish so that filter membrane 43 while sampling air-flow can freely pass through.The light of filter membrane 43 faces up and is placed in base 46 the insides, the upper O RunddichtringO 4(45 that presses), finally with pressure ring 44 chuckings, fixing.
As shown in Figure 3, filter membrane 43 is when gathering particle, and 3 linear stepping motors (18,19,20) driving tray 32 takes support 29 and filter membrane clip 33 moves up, until with docking port 21 closed butt joints.Draft tube 2(22 is installed, is fixed on to docking port 21) endpiece.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 8, docking port 21 is umbilicate disc: the diameter of sunk part equates with the internal diameter of the pressure ring 44 of above-mentioned filter membrane clip 33; In order to guarantee the impermeability with filter membrane clip 33 joints, on the docking end face of docking port 21, have groove installing, fixing O RunddichtringO 1(26); For avoiding filter membrane sampling to stop rear filter membrane clip 33, with docking port 21 adhesion tensions, can not move down with support 29, be equilateral triangle on the docking end face of docking port 21, be uniformly distributed, installed 3 cut springs 24, separate spring 24 and just filter membrane clip 33 is flicked when pallet 32 moves down under the driving of 3 linear stepping motors (18,19,20), filter membrane clip 33 can be moved down with support 29 and pallet 32.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 8, in order to guarantee that filter membrane clip 33 and docking port 21 can closed butt joints, docking port 21 must be installed very firmly, for this reason, install 3 at the back side of docking port (towards the one side of seal closure top board) and strengthened gusset 48, it is trapezoidal strengthening gusset 48, and 3 gussets are 120 each other
0angle distributes, be mounted, be fixed on the back side, the draft tube 2(22 of docking port 21) and the top board of seal closure 8 between, trapezoidal right-angle side is fixed on draft tube 2(22) upper, longer base is fixed on the top board that the back side of docking port 21, shorter base snap into seal closure 8.
As shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 4, Fig. 8, have mounting hole 2(35 on the upper right plate of seal closure 8) with setting pressure sensor 2(31), at induction pipe 2(22) be positioned on the pipeline section outside seal closure 8 have mounting hole 3(47) with setting pressure sensor 1(23), pressure transducer 1(23) with pressure transducer 2(31) by signal wire, with singlechip controller 14, be connected, by singlechip controller 14 monitoring sensor 1(23) and sensor 2(31) pressure differential grasp the working condition of filter membrane (43).Pressure differential shows the filter membrane breakage lower than the threshold value of setting, and system prompt need to be changed qualified filter membrane; Pressure differential shows that higher than the threshold value of setting the particle amount that filter membrane is collected approaches at full capacity, the filter membrane that system prompt need to more renew.Simultaneously, by sensor 2(31) air pressure in monitoring seal closure 8 can also grasp the impermeability of seal closure, air pressure as interior as seal closure 8 and atmospheric pressure differential are lower than the threshold value of setting, this shows seal closure 8 gas leakage, system prompt checks the impermeability of seal closure 8, as whether hermatic door 37 is fastened, O-ring seal 4(45) etc. whether need to change.
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, intelligent control system comprises singlechip controller 14, keyboard and display 13, stepper motor driver module 15, pressure transducer 1(23), pressure transducer 2(31), solenoid valve 1(1), solenoid valve 2(2), solenoid valve 3(7), gas mass flow controller 5, optoelectronic switch 30 devices such as grade form, these devices are connected with singlechip controller 14 by wire, singlechip controller 14 also is connected with electronic balance 12 by signal wire, the parameter of system operation is selected (as the sampling period, sampling flow etc.) input singlechip controller 14 by keyboard, the running status of system shows on display.
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, for implementing the mass concentration of above-mentioned gravimetric method on-line monitoring air particle, the utility model will be processed through the dehumidification and temperature adjustment device from the sample sample gas of cutting head of air particle, the relative humidity of Quality control gas<55%, temperature be 15-30 ℃ again through the draft tube 1(17 of air duct access the utility model device).Then according to the particle size range of sampling flow, particle and the readability of electronic balance (minimum value of reading), select the suitable cycle, carry out respectively filter membrane and intercept and capture sample particle process and filter membrane weighing process, specific as follows:
Intercept and capture the process of tested gaseous sample particle at filter membrane: singlechip controller 14 drives 3 linear pattern stepper motor Rotary tray 32 by stepper motor driver module 15, pallet 32 is taken support 29 and is risen suitable distance (as 20mm) to topmost, make filter membrane clip 33 and docking port 21 close contacts, and making the joint sealing by O-ring seal, the bottom of support 29 seals the circular hole in the middle of the dividing plate of seal closure 8 27, block simultaneously; Then, under the control of singlechip controller 14, solenoid valve 1(1) close, solenoid valve 2(2) and solenoid valve 3(7) simultaneously open-minded, make sample gas through three-way pipe 2(16) inflow draft tube 2(22), through docking port 21 input filter membrane clips 33, in air-flow, aerosol sample is intercepted and captured by filter membrane 43, the gas filtered through filter membrane 43 flows to the top of seal closure 8 from the air hole 42 of support 29 sides, then from escape pipe 2(25) through three-way pipe 1(6) by aspiration pump 4, taken away, then through escape pipe 1(3) efflux.
Process at the electronic balance weighing filter membrane: under the control of singlechip controller 14, solenoid valve 2(2) and solenoid valve 3(7) close simultaneously, solenoid valve 1(1) open-minded, make sample gas through three-way pipe 2(16) after directly through three-way pipe 1(6) by aspiration pump 4, taken away, then from escape pipe 1(3) efflux.Then, singlechip controller 14 drives 3 linear pattern stepper motors to rotate backward pallet 32 by stepper motor driver module 15, cut spring 24 on docking port 21 is pushed filter membrane clip 33 open, make itself and docking port 21 disengage and fall on support 29, pallet 32 is taken the suitable distance (as 20mm) of support 29 decline, control lower tray 32 at optoelectronic switch 30 rests on bottom, and now pallet 32 disengages with support 29, and support 29 is taken on the weighing plate that filter membrane clip 33 drops on electronic balance 12.Now singlechip controller 14 is controlled the power supply of unlocking electronic balance 12, and electronic balance 12 starts to weigh, and after weighing data is stable, qualitative data exports in singlechip controller 14 and stores through signal wire.Weighing is complete, and singlechip controller 14 is controlled the power supply of closing electronic balance 12, and system starts the circulation of next cycle.
Thus can be according to the forward and backward adjacent quality recorded for twice of electronic balance, and tested air mass flow during filter membrane sampling, calculate the particle concentration of tested air in this period, computing formula is: C=dMV
-1=dMQ
-1t
-1: C---particle concentration, the quality of dM---adjacent twice filter membrane weighing poor, the filter membrane accumulated samples volume of V---adjacent twice weighing, the flow of Q---tested gaseous sample, t---filter membrane sampling time; The air particle concentration data calculated is stored in single-chip microcomputer.
Applicant's statement, the utility model illustrates the operation and control pattern of detailed construction feature of the present utility model and device by above-described embodiment, but the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned detailed construction feature and operation and control pattern, do not mean that the utility model must rely on above-mentioned detailed construction feature and the operation and control pattern could be implemented.The person of ordinary skill in the field should understand; to any improvement of the present utility model; to the increase of the equivalence replacement of the selected parts of the utility model and accessory, the selection of concrete mode etc., within all dropping on protection domain of the present utility model and open scope.
Claims (9)
1. sampling, the meausring apparatus of a gravimetric method atmosphere particle concentration on-line monitoring, comprise air sample induction system, particle collection system, filter membrane clip jacking system, quality weighing system, intelligent control system, it is characterized in that, the air sample induction system is comprised of aspiration pump and gas piping: gas piping one terminates to the outlet of the dehumidification and temperature adjustment device of sample gas, the other end is through T joint to draft tube, and this draft tube enters in cover through the top of seal closure; Seal closure is divided into upper and lower two parts by dividing plate, and top is gas passage, the perforate outlet pipe has been installed on left side wall of the top of seal closure, and this outlet pipe is received three-way pipe and aspiration pump successively; Another interface of three-way pipe is by pipeline, elbow and T joint to aspiration pump, and the particle collection system is comprised of filter membrane clip and docking port.
2. sampling, the meausring apparatus of gravimetric method atmosphere particle concentration on-line monitoring according to claim 1, is characterized in that, seal closure is rectangular parallelepiped, and its top board is square, and centre has the access of mounting hole for draft tube; 3 linear stepping motors have been installed symmetrically on top board centered by mounting hole; By dividing plate, seal closure is divided into to upper and lower two parts, the center of dividing plate has circular hole so that the support of filter membrane clip can move up and down within it; Perforate install, connected escape pipe on the left plate on top; The front of seal closure is equipped with can the movable hermatic door of opening, the left side of hermatic door is fixed on the outer wall in seal closure front by two hinges, door knob lock is installed in the middle of the right of hermatic door, door knob lock be arranged on the closely interlock of snap close on the outer wall of seal closure front, thereby hermatic door is closed, is locked; In order to guarantee the impermeability of seal closure, the side of hermatic door in seal closure is equipped with rubber seal; For the ease of observing the ruuning situation of equipment in seal closure, the material at hermatic door middle part is transparent glass; In order to reduce the impact of vibrations on apparatus of the present invention, 4 beams have been installed below the base plate of seal closure; For the impermeability and the impact of minimizing pipe vibration on installing that guarantee seal closure, the junction of draft tube and escape pipe and seal closure all is equipped with the rubber shock-absorbing O-ring seal.
3. sampling, the meausring apparatus of gravimetric method atmosphere particle concentration on-line monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the quality weighing system is comprised of the electronic balance with automatically interior calibration function and the support of filter membrane clip, electronic balance is placed on the bottom of above-mentioned seal closure, the impact that may bring to electronic balance for controlling vibrations, place 4 beams on the base plate of seal closure, electronic balance is placed on beam; For guaranteeing the drying of balance room, place beaker and hold silica-gel desiccant on the base plate of seal closure.
4. sampling, the meausring apparatus of gravimetric method atmosphere particle concentration on-line monitoring according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the support of filter membrane clip is uncovered, hollow, the drum-shaped structure that the end is arranged: there is toroidal cavity its uncovered upper surface, for laying filter membrane clip; The equal diameters of circular hole in the middle of external diameter at the bottom of its barrel and seal closure dividing plate, so that can block the circular hole in the middle of dividing plate at the bottom of this barrel when filter membrane gathers particle, to avoid the disturbance of air-flow to electronic balance, in order to guarantee to block up tightly, under bucket, edge has also been installed O-ring seal; 8 air holes that distributing equably on the sidewall of support, this is the passage that the air-flow that sees through filter membrane enters seal closure.
5. sampling, the meausring apparatus of gravimetric method atmosphere particle concentration on-line monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, filter membrane clip is comprised of base, O-ring seals, pressure ring, and base is the disk that two-layer groove is arranged: top groove diameter is larger, for laying, block pressure ring; Following groove diameter is less, for laying, block the O RunddichtringO; The circular net grid structure equated with the internal diameter of pressure ring and O-ring seal for diameter in the middle part of trying to get to the heart of a matter, wire side is slightly lower protruding, the fence of wire side is presented sharp, lower blunt type, the sharp filter membrane interior facing to dish of taper, so that air-flow can freely pass through during filter membrane sampling, the light of filter membrane faces up and is placed in the base the inside, the upper O RunddichtringO of pressing, finally with pressure ring chucking, fixing.
6. sampling, the meausring apparatus of gravimetric method atmosphere particle concentration on-line monitoring according to claim 1, is characterized in that, docking port is umbilicate disc: the diameter of sunk part equates with the internal diameter of the pressure ring of above-mentioned filter membrane clip; In order to guarantee the impermeability with the filter membrane clip joint, on the docking end face of docking port, have groove installing, fixing O RunddichtringO; For avoiding filter membrane sampling to stop rear filter membrane clip and docking port adhesion tension can not move down with support, be equilateral triangle on the docking end face of docking port, be uniformly distributed, installed 3 cut springs, separate spring and just filter membrane clip is flicked when pallet moves down under the driving of 3 linear stepping motors, filter membrane clip can be moved down with support and pallet.
7. sampling, the meausring apparatus of gravimetric method atmosphere particle concentration on-line monitoring according to claim 1, be further characterized in that, the endpiece through the draft tube at seal closure top is installed, is fixed on to docking port, in order to guarantee the firm of docking port, towards the one side of seal closure top board, 3 trapezoidal reinforcement gussets have been installed at its back side, 3 gussets are 120 each other
oangle distributes, and is mounted, is fixed between the top board of the back side, draft tube and seal closure of docking port, and trapezoidal right-angle side is fixed on draft tube, longer base is fixed on the back side of docking port, shorter base snaps into the top board of seal closure.
8. sampling, the meausring apparatus of gravimetric method atmosphere particle concentration on-line monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the filter membrane clip jacking system is comprised of three linear stepping motors and a pallet: pallet is annular, is equilateral triangle on it 3 gap nuts that disappear have been installed; Pallet is arranged on the screw rod of above-mentioned 3 linear stepping motors by the gap nut that disappears; The rotation of linear stepping motor can be ordered about pallet and take the support of above-mentioned filter membrane clip and moved up and down on screw rod; When pallet drops to extreme lower position, at this position pallet and above-mentioned support, disengage, in order to avoid affect the accuracy of electronic balance weighing filter membrane; When pallet rises to extreme higher position, make the just closed butt joint of filter membrane clip and docking port in this position.
9. the sampling of gravimetric method atmosphere particle concentration on-line monitoring according to claim 3, meausring apparatus, it is characterized in that, described intelligent control system is by singlechip controller, keyboard and display, the stepper motor driver module, 2 pressure transducers, 3 solenoid valves, gas mass flow controller, optoelectronic switch forms: keyboard and display, the stepper motor driver module, 2 pressure transducers, 3 solenoid valves, gas mass flow controller, optoelectronic switch is connected with singlechip controller by signal wire, singlechip controller also is connected with electronic balance by signal wire, singlechip controller is controlled moving up and down of pallet by the stepper motor driver module, the first solenoid valve (1) is arranged between three-way pipe, and the second solenoid valve (2) is arranged between the pressure transducer on three-way pipe and seal closure draft tube, and the 3rd solenoid valve (5) is arranged between three-way pipe and seal closure outlet, mass flow controller is arranged between three-way pipe and aspiration pump, optoelectronic switch is fixed on the dividing plate of seal closure, and its setting height(from bottom) is the lower position that pallet moves, pressure transducer is arranged on draft tube and is positioned on the outer pipeline section of seal closure, pressure transducer is arranged on the top of seal closure, is fixed on the sidewall of seal closure, the parameter of system operation is selected to input singlechip controller by keyboard, and the running status of system shows on display.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320171202 CN203365264U (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2013-04-08 | Sampling and weighing device for online monitoring of concentrations of atmospheric particulate matters with gravimetric method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320171202 CN203365264U (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2013-04-08 | Sampling and weighing device for online monitoring of concentrations of atmospheric particulate matters with gravimetric method |
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| CN203365264U true CN203365264U (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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| CN 201320171202 Withdrawn - After Issue CN203365264U (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2013-04-08 | Sampling and weighing device for online monitoring of concentrations of atmospheric particulate matters with gravimetric method |
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| CN103196775A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 江西怡杉环保有限公司 | Sampling and weighing device and method for online monitoring atmospheric particulate matter concentration by gravimetric method |
| CN105866153A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 北方工业大学 | Atmosphere heavy metal detection system |
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| CN103196775A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 江西怡杉环保有限公司 | Sampling and weighing device and method for online monitoring atmospheric particulate matter concentration by gravimetric method |
| CN105866153A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 北方工业大学 | Atmosphere heavy metal detection system |
| CN110691965A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2020-01-14 | 生态逻辑感简易股份有限公司 | Sensor for measuring particle concentration in air |
| CN107588994A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-16 | 武汉碧海云天科技股份有限公司 | A kind of road surface airborne dust trap, airborne dust detection means and detection method |
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| CN108318393B (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2023-11-21 | 江苏康程新材料科技有限公司 | Air sampling detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN108318393A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-07-24 | 安徽省贝斯泰检测科技有限公司 | A kind of air sampling detection device and its detection method |
| CN108444857A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-08-24 | 天津市生态环境监测中心 | A kind of portable exhaust gas water capacity gravimetric detemination instrument |
| CN109520789A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-26 | 西安智强科技有限公司 | One kind being applied to environment protection field plant gas and acquires unmanned plane |
| CN109520789B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2023-08-11 | 南京南华航空产业有限公司 | Be applied to environmental protection field mill waste gas collection unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN111397978A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2020-07-10 | 电子科技大学中山学院 | Straw combustion gas sampling method and device |
| CN115364605B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-11-07 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Intelligent control system for dust detection and spray dust fall based on BIM design |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20131225 Effective date of abandoning: 20160316 |
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Address after: 330096 No. 688, hi tech Avenue, Jiangxi, Nanchang Patentee after: JIANGXI ESUN ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION CO., LTD. Address before: 330096 No. 688, hi tech Avenue, Jiangxi, Nanchang Patentee before: Jiangxi Yishan Environmental Protection Co.,Ltd. |