CN203256229U

CN203256229U - Equipment for producing fuel by using domestic garbage

Info

Publication number: CN203256229U
Application number: CN2012206254370U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周鼎力
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-11-23
Filing date: 2012-11-23
Publication date: 2013-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 2022-11-23

Abstract

The utility model relates to equipment for producing a fuel by using domestic garbage. The equipment comprises a garbage breaking machine, a sorting machine, a dewatering machine, a sewage purification standard achievement treatment device, an incinerator, a flue gas waste heat steam boiler, a flue gas purification device and a fuel production device using pyrolysis, wherein the fuel production device using pyrolysis is mainly formed by sequentially connecting a pyrolysis reactor, a condenser, a gas-liquid separation tank, a water sealing tank and a fuel gas storage cabinet. According to the utility model, rapid mechanized sorting on broken domestic garbage is achieved, the problem of classification on original ecology garbage in residential areas is overcome, and the garbage volume can be effectively reduced and the garbage heat value can be effectively increased through sequentially carrying out breaking and dewatering on carbohydrate solid garbage; and the domestic garbage is adopted to produce the nitrogen-free high heat value fuel gas or fuel oil so as to achieve large-scale, energy regeneration reduction and harmless domestic garbage treatment.

Description

Produce the equipment of fuel with domestic refuse

Technical field

It is the equipment of waste fuel (fuel oil and/or combustion gas) that the utility model relates to domestic refuse, belongs to environmental protection landification equipment field;

Background technology

Along with improving constantly of people's living standard, the content of organic waste constantly rises in the domestic refuse, the perishable environment that rots to affect people's existence of the carbohydrate in the organic waste or biomass (such as melon and fruit peel, vegetables residue, surplus food etc. after the meal); Scientificlly and effectively it is innoxious, minimizing, the particularly recycling of domestic refuse high value have caused the generally attention of the whole society; At present, the thermal utilization transformation efficiency of the domestic garbage burning electricity generation that generally adopts is generally at 22-33%, 1 ton of domestic refuse generated energy is about 280 degree (KWH), the recycling rate is low, causes only depending on go the to support the family minimizing of waste incineration of the financial fund subsidy waste disposal fee of government to be processed; Therefore, organic waste in the ever-increasing domestic refuse is transformed into the high fuel oil that is suitable for engine (or oil engine) or family's burner (kitchen gas stove and gas heater) burning of commercial value or/and the high heating value combustion gas, commercialization with high benefit of promoting energetically is worth, to accelerate the popularization of consumer waste innocent, minimizing and recovery energy.

Relevant city gas pipe network is delivered to the user as resident living, regulation in the GB " GB/T13612-2006 " of the combustion gas that industrial enterprise produces, and the calorific value of combustion gas is greater than 14MJ/m ³, or 3349 kilocalories/m ³07 month 01 day calendar year 2001, China issued and implemented the national standard of GB18047-2000 compressed natural gas used as vehicle fuel, and the combustion gas gross calorific value of stipulating in this standard must be greater than 31.4MJ/m ³(or 7512 kilocalories/m ³, under the standard state), about utilizing domestic refuse to be raw material, produce the existing report of method of combustion gas by the thermochemistry switch technology; In ZL201120082883.7, disclose " a kind of comprehensive garbage disposal of effective containment Dioxins and utilize method ", it belongs to the technology that a kind of " gasification---burning " processes domestic refuse, with air and water vapour as vaporized chemical, contain 40-50% (V%) nitrogen in the combustion gas product after the thermal treatment, and part H ₂, the low-calorie gas component such as CO, do not reach 4000 required kilocalories of cities and towns house gas boiler/Nm ³The minimum calorific value of combustion gas, the combustion gas product can only be as roasting kiln or the fuel of baking bricks, and commercial exploitation is worth low, can better not implement giving birth to of high value and talk about the garbage as resource utilization; Apply among the disclosed CN1021540044A " a kind of method of producing engine gas with biomass and/or organic waste " the inventor, adopt oil liquefied gas and the low-calorie combustion gas product of high heating value to allocate and blend, the calorific value of combustion gas product is reached

31.4MJ/Nm ^3.The standard of engine gas exists when adopting 100% domestic refuse to be raw material, and the calorific value of combustion gas product does not reach 〉=14MJ/m ³, or 3349 kilocalories/m ^3.The defective of city gas pipe network fuel gases calorific value;

So far, at China and world patent document databse, relevant aspects such as books, publication, magazine and suitability for industrialized production application, also do not find and utilize domestic refuse to be waste high heating value combustion gas (14MJ/m ³) report; Owing to contain a large amount of low-calorie biomass and the composition of carbohydrate in the domestic refuse, cause containing a large amount of low-calorie H2, CO gas in the combustion gas product after the thermal treatment, so that the calorific value of fuel gas product is low, do not reach the fuel gases calorific value quality standard of urban pipe network combustion gas or domestic gas cooker, can only as the fuel of cheap industrial combustion furnace, have the low defective of recycling commercial value of domestic rubbish disposal;

The purpose of this utility model is exactly defective and the deficiency that will overcome and remedy above-mentioned technology; providing a kind of is raw material with domestic refuse; utilize the thermochemistry switch technology; produce high combustion gas or the industrial fuel oil of commercial value that reaches urban pipe network combustion gas requirement, with the equipment of the mass-producing of implementing domestic rubbish disposal, serialization, energy (organism in the rubbish changes into fuel), minimizing, innoxious (do not produce two dislike because of), energy-saving and environmental protection, many-sided advantage such as efficient.

Summary of the invention

Press the utility model, provide a kind of and produced the equipment of fuel with domestic refuse, become by rubbish breaking machine, smoke and waste steam boiler, separator, gas cleaning treatment facility up to standard, water extracter, wastewater collection pond, sump pump, sewage purification treatment facility up to standard, incinerator, pyrolysis reactor, condenser, knockout drum, water-sealed tank and combustion gas storage group;

The opening for feed of the discharge port UNICOM separator of refuse grinder, the opening for feed of the described pyrolysis reactor of the light material that described separator sub-elects (namely mainly being plastic waste) outlet UNICOM, the opening for feed of the described water extracter of heavier feeds discharge port UNICOM that described separator sub-elects, the fuel charge case of the solid materials outlet UNICOM incinerator after the described water extracter dehydration, the water-in in the wastewater outlet UNICOM wastewater collection pond that described water extracter is discharged, described wastewater collection pond water outlet is through the sewage induction pipe UNICOM of sump pump and sewage purification treatment facility up to standard; The ashes relief outlet of described incinerator and ash storage box opening for feed UNICOM, described ash storage box discharge port is connected the raw materials mouth of brick press; The gas approach of the flue gas heating chamber of the described pyrolysis reactor of exhanst gas outlet UNICOM of described incinerator, the heating chamber gas approach of the exhanst gas outlet UNICOM smoke and waste steam boiler of the flue gas heating chamber of described pyrolysis reactor, the flue import of the exhanst gas outlet UNICOM gas cleaning treatment facility up to standard of described smoke and waste steam boiler heating chamber; The gas-phase product outlet of described pyrolysis reactor is through the gas gas-phase objects inlet pipe mouth of condenser UNICOM knockout drum, syphon trap in the gas outlet tube of described knockout drum and the water-sealed tank in the water is communicated with, the inlet mouth of described water-sealed tank top vapor pipe UNICOM combustion gas storage cabinet, wherein, drain tap is disposed in described combustion gas storage cashier's office in a shop, the bottom configuration water discharging valve of described knockout drum, the bottom of described sewage purification treatment facility up to standard disposes the water discharging valve of water up to standard;

Described refuse grinder comprises: screw auger formula crusher, shearing (vertical or horizontal) formula crusher, at a high speed (vertical or horizontal) gyratory crusher, low speed rotation single shaft or double-shaft crusher etc.;

Described separator comprises: trommel screen rotary type sorting machine, pneumatic separator, vibratory screening apparatus sorting machine etc.;

Described water extracter comprises: spiral squeezing type water extracter, centrifugal drier, hydraulic dewaterer etc.;

Described incinerator comprises: horizontal reciprocating fire grate incinerator, vertical grate formula incinerator, fluidized bed incinerator, CFB Incinerator, and other known incinerator;

Described pyrolysis reactor, belong to airtight carbonization reactor, comprise: with the vertical pyrolysis reactor of whipping appts, answer device, circulation bed pyrolysis reactor, moving bed pyrolysis reactor, serialization hermetic rotary cylindrical shell scission reaction still, interval type hermetic rotary cylindrical shell scission reaction still, helix tube type reactor with the anti-pyrolysis of horizontal pyrolysis reactor, fluidized-bed of spiral agitator, and other known pyrolysis reactor;

Described sewage purification treatment facility up to standard belongs to the conventional sanitary wastewater purification apparatus by aeration flocculation, anaerobism and/or aerobic (MBR technique) biochemical device formation;

Described gas cleaning treatment facility up to standard, belong to desulfurization, dedusting integration unit, comprising: wet method (spray column) desulfurating dust-removing equipment, semidrying treating plant (spraying drying+fly-ash separator), dry cleaning equipment (dry method duct injection+fly-ash separator), gac spray absorption, molecular sieve powder is sprayed absorption etc.;

Major advantage of the present utility model is:

(1) implements the mechanize separator classification of the fast and low-cost behind the Domestic garbage crushing, overcome and reduced the trouble of classifying at residential quarter ecosystem rubbish;

After the low-calorie restructuring such as the carbohydrate that the moisture content that (2) sorts out from give birth to words rubbish is high such as melon and fruit peel, the vegetables of rotting divide solid refuse through fragmentation and extrusion dehydration, so that the volume of rubbish dwindles greatly, calorific value improves, and can accelerate and guarantee effectively burning for a full due to cinder of solid refuse; Employing is to the first broken rear dehydration of low-calorie carbohydrate solid rubbish, can effectively reduce the volume of rubbish and the calorific value of raising rubbish, can effectively satisfy the high low-calorie domestic refuse of moisture content in rainy season of south China burns fully to cinder, do not need extra oil spout or add other fuel combustion supporting, reduced the domestic rubbish disposal cost;

(3) the light constituent material after the fragmentation of domestic refuse process and the separator sorting mainly is the high heating value hydro carbons wastes such as plastic waste, the low-calorie carbohydrate such as the melon and fruit peel in the rubbish, the vegetables of rotting have been collected in the restructuring minute material through fragmentation and sorting; Individually the light constituent material of the high heating values such as plastic waste carried out thermo-cracking, condensation, gas-liquid separation, the water-sealed tank vent gas treatment by known technology, can collect the combustion gas of the high heating value of the high fuel oil of commercial value and nonnitrogenous gas, remaining energy or/and the form deposit of combustion gas gets up, had improved the economic benefit of domestic rubbish disposal with fuel oil during the garbage harmless minimizing processed; Especially, cause burning when incomplete if waste incineration calorific value deficiency occurs, can will collect or the part combustion gas of deposit or fuel oil turn back to and carry out combustion-supportingly in the incinerator, do not need additionally to buy other fuel;

(4) the unazotized high heating value combustion gas that obtains of the utility model can be as generating, or uses combustion gas as industry and the resident of city gas pipe network; The fuel oil that obtains can be used as car and boat engine or industrial fuel oil;

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is equipment structure chart of the present utility model

In Fig. 1,1-refuse grinder, 2-smoke and waste steam boiler, the 3-separator, 4-gas cleaning treatment facility up to standard, 5-water extracter, the 51-buncher, 52-discharge port, 53-draining orifice plate, the 54-charge cavity, 6-wastewater collection pond, 7-sump pump, 8-sewage purification treatment facility up to standard, 81-water discharging valve door up to standard, 9-incinerator, 91-fuel charge case, 92-ashes relief outlet, 93-reciprocating fire grate, the 10-ash storage box, 11-brick equipment, 12-combustion gas storage cabinet, 13-fuel output valve door, the 14-combustion gas enters the valve of incinerator, 15-knockout drum, 151-fuel oil, the 152-valve, the 16-water-sealed tank, 17-pyrolysis reactor, 171-flue gas heating chamber, the 172-agitator, the 18-condenser;

Embodiment

Press the utility model, provide a kind of and produced the equipment of fuel with domestic refuse, having comprised: rubbish breaking machine (1), smoke and waste steam boiler (2), separator (3), gas cleaning treatment facility up to standard (4), water extracter (5), wastewater collection pond (6), sump pump (7), sewage purification treatment facility up to standard (8), incinerator (9), pyrolysis reactor (17), condenser (18), knockout drum (15), water-sealed tank (16) and gas storage cabinet (12) form; The opening for feed of the discharge port UNICOM separator (3) of refuse grinder (1), the opening for feed of the light material that described separator (3) sub-elects (namely mainly being plastic waste) the outlet described pyrolysis reactor of UNICOM (17), the opening for feed (54) of the described water extracter of heavier feeds discharge port UNICOM (5) that described separator (3) sub-elects, the fuel charge case (91) of the solid materials outlet UNICOM's incinerator (9) after described water extracter (5) dehydration, the wastewater outlet pipe that described water extracter (5) is discharged is received wastewater collection pond (6) water-in; Described wastewater collection pond (6) water outlet is through the sewage induction pipe UNICOM of sump pump (7) with described sewage purification treatment facility up to standard (8); The ashes relief outlet (92) of described incinerator (9) and described ash storage box (10) opening for feed UNICOM; The gas approach of the described pyrolysis reactor of exhanst gas outlet UNICOM (17) the flue gas heating chamber (171) of described incinerator (9), the gas approach of the described smoke and waste steam boiler of exhanst gas outlet UNICOM (2) heating chamber of pyrolysis reactor (17) flue gas heating chamber (171), the flue import of the described gas cleaning of the exhanst gas outlet UNICOM treatment facility up to standard (4) of smoke and waste steam boiler (2) heating chamber; The gas-phase product outlet of described pyrolysis reactor (17) is through the gas gas-phase objects inlet pipe mouth of the described knockout drum of described condenser (18) UNICOM (15); The gas outlet tube of knockout drum (15) is communicated with syphon trap in described water-sealed tank (16) water; The inlet mouth of water-sealed tank (16) the top described combustion gas gas storage holder of vapor pipe UNICOM (12), wherein, dispose drain tap (14 and 13) on the described combustion gas gas storage holder (12), the bottom configuration water discharging valve (152) of described knockout drum (15), described sewage purification treatment facility up to standard (8) bottom disposes the water discharging valve of water up to standard; Described gas cleaning treatment facility up to standard (4) belongs to desulfurization, dedusting integration unit; The ashes that described ash storage box (10) is discharged can be connected the raw materials mouth of brick press (11);

The operation of the utility model equipment; Adopt refuse grinder (1) that Domestic garbage crushing is become particle, particle is delivered in the separator (3) and is carried out sub-sieve, separates with a restructuring minute material (such as kitchen castoff or melon and fruit peel) by sub-sieve light constituent (such as plastic waste); Adopt separator, with the separating plastic of lighter weight out, the plastics that sort out are delivered in the pyrolysis reactor (17) as the raw material of producing fuel oil or combustion gas and are carried out thermo-cracking, adopt sealed pyrolysis reactor (17) that plastic raw materials is carried out thermolysis; The high-temperature flue gas that produces when the heavy solids rubbish after the dehydration that utilization sub-elects burns in incinerator is as thermal source, and high-temperature flue gas is incorporated in pyrolysis reactor (17) the outer field flue gas heating chamber (171) to the plastic heating in the pyrolysis reactor (17), the pyrolysis of plastics occurs; Enter in the gas-liquid separator (15) after gas-phase product process condenser (18) condensation that pyrolysis produces, the little liquid fuel (151) of proportion that produces after the gaseous product condensation is collected in the middle and lower part of knockout drum (15), the bottom is heavy waste water, waste water is discharged from knockout drum (15) by valve (152), incoagulability combustion gas in the knockout drum (15) is introduced directly in the water of water-sealed tank (16) by vapor pipe (153), it is stand-by that the combustion gas that the top envelope of overflowing from water-sealed tank (16) water is pressed is sent to the middle buffer memory deposit of gas storage cabinet (12), combustion-supporting as combustion gas being incorporated in the incinerator (9), or with combustion gas as the generating or enter the city gas pipe network as commodity selling; The heavy particle of selecting from separator (3) is sent to the opening for feed (54) of water extracter (5), and starter motor (51) carries out the extrusion dehydration of heavy particle; Adopt water extracter, moisture in the heavy particle is constantly squeezed out, and separate with the solid particle, the waste water that squeezes out was constantly gone here and there the draining orifice plate (53) of water extracter (5) downwards, flow in the wastewater collection pond (6), with sump pump (7) waste water in wastewater collection pond (6) is input in the sewage purification treatment facility up to standard (8) and purifies processing up to standard, water up to standard is discharged through valve (81); Constantly the particle after the dehydration in the water extracter (5) is discharged from discharge port (52), be transported in the fuel charge case (91) of incinerator (9), fall on the reciprocal grate (93) and burn to cinder, burn the ashes that produce and be drained into buffer memory in the ash storage box (10) through ashes relief outlets (92), or directly be sent in the brick press (11), to carry out brickmaking through the ashes of pulverizing, add-on type agent, or utilize as other building materials raw material; The high-temperature flue gas that incinerator (9) produces is incorporated in the flue gas heating chamber (171) of pyrolysis reactor (17), heat is provided for the thermolysis of the organic matter raw material in the pyrolysis reactor (17); Constantly will be incorporated into from the flue gas that discharge the flue gas heating chamber (171) of pyrolysis reactor (17) and make steam, the waste heat in the recovered flue gas the smoke and waste steam boiler (2); The low-temperature flue gas that smoke and waste steam boiler (2) is discharged is input to the purification processing up to standard of carrying out flue gas in the gas cleaning treatment facility up to standard (4), can select the integration unit of the desulfurization of liming spray column, bag-type dust, guarantee smoke pollution is dropped to minimum, the gas that purifies after up to standard is entered atmosphere.

Claims

1. produce the equipment of fuel with domestic refuse, it is characterized in that: described equipment is comprised of rubbish breaking machine (1), smoke and waste steam boiler (2), separator (3), gas cleaning treatment facility up to standard (4), water extracter (5), wastewater collection pond (6), sump pump (7), sewage purification treatment facility up to standard (8), incinerator (9), pyrolysis reactor (17), condenser (18), knockout drum (15), water-sealed tank (16) and combustion gas storage cabinet (12); The opening for feed of the discharge port UNICOM separator (3) of refuse grinder (1), the plastic waste that described separator (3) sub-elects gently expects to export the opening for feed of UNICOM's pyrolysis reactor (17), the opening for feed (54) of the heavier feeds discharge port UNICOM water extracter (5) that described separator (3) sub-elects, the fuel charge case (91) of the solid materials outlet UNICOM's incinerator (9) after described water extracter (5) dehydration, the wastewater outlet pipe that described water extracter (5) is discharged is received wastewater collection pond (6) water-in; Described wastewater collection pond (6) water outlet is through the sewage induction pipe UNICOM of sump pump (7) with sewage purification treatment facility up to standard (8); The ashes relief outlet (92) of described incinerator (9) and ash storage box (10) opening for feed UNICOM; The gas approach of the described pyrolysis reactor of exhanst gas outlet UNICOM (17) the flue gas heating chamber (171) of described incinerator (9), the gas approach of exhanst gas outlet UNICOM smoke and waste steam boiler (2) heating chamber of described pyrolysis reactor (17) flue gas heating chamber (171), the flue import of the exhanst gas outlet UNICOM gas cleaning treatment facility up to standard (4) of described smoke and waste steam boiler (2) heating chamber; The gas-phase product outlet of described pyrolysis reactor (17) is through the gas gas-phase objects inlet pipe mouth of condenser (18) UNICOM's knockout drum (15); The gas outlet tube of described knockout drum (15) is communicated with syphon trap in water-sealed tank (16) water; The inlet mouth of described water-sealed tank (16) top vapor pipe UNICOM combustion gas gas storage holder (12), wherein, dispose drain tap on the described combustion gas gas storage holder (12), the bottom configuration water discharging valve (152) of described knockout drum (15), described sewage purification treatment facility up to standard (8) bottom disposes the water discharging valve of water up to standard; Described gas cleaning treatment facility up to standard (4) belongs to desulfurization, dedusting integration unit; The ashes that described ash storage box (10) is discharged can be connected the raw materials mouth of brick press (11).

2. according to claim 1ly produce the equipment of fuel with domestic refuse, it is characterized in that: described refuse grinder comprises: screw auger formula crusher, shear crusher, high-speed rotary crusher, low speed rotation single shaft or double-shaft crusher.

3. according to claim 1ly produce the equipment of fuel with domestic refuse, it is characterized in that: described separator comprises: trommel screen rotary type sorting machine, pneumatic separator, vibratory screening apparatus sorting machine.

4. according to claim 1ly produce the equipment of fuel with domestic refuse, it is characterized in that: described water extracter comprises: spiral squeezing type water extracter, centrifugal drier, fluid pressure type water extracter.

5. according to claim 1ly produce the equipment of fuel with domestic refuse, it is characterized in that: described incinerator comprises: horizontal reciprocating fire grate incinerator, vertical grate formula incinerator, fluidized bed incinerator, CFB Incinerator.

6. the equipment of producing fuel with domestic refuse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pyrolysis reactor comprises: answer device, circulation bed pyrolysis reactor, moving bed pyrolysis reactor, serialization hermetic rotary cylindrical shell scission reaction still, interval type hermetic rotary cylindrical shell pyrolytic reaction still, helix tube type reactor with vertical pyrolysis reactor, the pyrolysis reactor of Horizontal band spiral agitator, the anti-pyrolysis of fluidized-bed of whipping appts.

7. according to claim 1ly produce the equipment of fuel with domestic refuse, it is characterized in that: described sewage purification treatment facility up to standard belongs to the sanitary wastewater purification apparatus that is made of aeration flocculation, anaerobism and/or aerobic biochemical device.

8. the equipment of producing fuel with domestic refuse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gas cleaning treatment facility up to standard comprises: wet sprinkling tower desulfurating dust-removing equipment, semidrying purifying spraying drying+fly-ash separator equipment, dry cleaning duct injection+fly-ash separator equipment, gac spray absorption, molecular sieve powder is sprayed an adsorption device.