Background technology
Heat pump air conditioner is when heating operation, cold-producing medium is by outdoor heat converter and outdoor air generation heat exchange, absorbs heat and evaporates from outdoor air, enters compressor, compressed machine is compressed into the refrigerant vapour of HTHP, enters the indoor heat converter heat release; Emit heat by indoor heat converter and heat room air, make people enjoy pleasant environment.
But, under low temperature environment, when temperature descends, the source pump evaporating temperature decreases, thereby the compressor air suction specific volume is increased, and the flow of cold-producing medium reduces, and the compressor dischargeable capacity is not fully utilized, cause heating capacity to decay significantly, the heating capacity of unit and COP be corresponding decline also; And this moment, required heat (room thermic load) rose rapidly along with the decline of environment temperature, so system's heating capacity can not satisfy heating thermic load demand.In addition, because outdoor heat converter absorbs heat from outdoor air, the outdoor heat converter environment temperature is lower, airborne steam can condense into frost and be attached to the outdoor heat converter surface, along with outdoor heat converter constantly absorbs heat, the frost layer on its surface can be cumulative, thereby weakened the exchange capability of heat of outdoor heat converter, cause the heating capacity of heat pump assembly further to descend, influence the comfortableness that people use heat pump assembly.
In order to solve the problem of heating capacity deficiency under the air-conditioner in low temperature circumstance, present modal a solution is to increase the deficiency that auxiliary electrical heats to compensate the low temperature environment heating capacity in air-conditioning system.But this scheme will increase energy consumption, reduce the Energy Efficiency Ratio of system, and will be both uneconomical also not energy-conservation, also can have potential safety hazard sometimes.About the defrosting problem, existing air-conditioner is most to adopt the cross valve commutation to control, when beginning to defrost, the four-way change-over valve commutation makes the outdoor heat converter heat release, the indoor heat converter heat absorption, cause indoor environment temperature to reduce, in colder environment, the air-conditioner running refrigerating circulates like this, can cause room temperature sometimes hot and sometimes cold, must increase people's discomfort; In addition, in some area, air humidity is bigger, and the defrost operation can influence the service life of cross valve and other electrical parts frequently; And the more difficult Ex-all of frost of in the defrost process because outdoor heat converter bottom, defrosted when finishing in the first half, must wait until that heat exchanger lower part defrosting can finish defrosting fully simultaneously and enter normal heating operation state, wasted a part of heat thus, and prolonged defrost process, reduce heating capacity and reduced overall heating effect.
The utility model content
Main purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of air-conditioner that promotes heating capacity under the low temperature environment.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model proposes a kind of air-conditioner, comprise a major loop that is connected into by compressor, cross valve, indoor heat converter, outdoor heat converter, the refrigeration throttle circuit of connecting with described major loop, and be connected with described refrigeration throttle circuit and compressor heat the tonifying Qi loop, and one is connected the exhaust outlet of described compressor and the bypass defrosting loop between the described outdoor heat exchanger.
Preferably, described refrigeration throttle circuit comprises: be connected refrigeration check valve and the refrigeration throttling device of connecting between described indoor heat converter and the outdoor heat converter, mutually.
Preferably, the described tonifying Qi loop that heats is in parallel with described refrigeration throttle circuit; The described tonifying Qi loop that heats comprises: mutually series connection heats a nuclear one-stage throttling device, flash evaporation, heats check valve and heat the two-step throttle device; Described compressor is provided with gas supplementing opening, and described flash evaporation links to each other with the gas supplementing opening of described compressor; When the air-conditioner refrigerating operaton, described refrigeration one-way valve opens, the described closed check valve that heats; When air conditioner heat-production moves, described refrigeration closed check valve, the described one-way valve opens that heats.
Preferably, the described tonifying Qi loop that heats is in parallel with described refrigeration check valve, and the described tonifying Qi loop that heats comprises: series connection heats a nuclear one-stage throttling device, flash evaporation and heats check valve mutually; Described compressor is provided with gas supplementing opening, and described flash evaporation links to each other with the gas supplementing opening of described compressor; When the air-conditioner refrigerating operaton, described refrigeration one-way valve opens, the described closed check valve that heats; When air conditioner heat-production moves, described refrigeration closed check valve, the described one-way valve opens that heats.
Preferably, described bypass defrosting loop comprises a bypass solenoid valve, and described bypass solenoid valve is connected the exhaust outlet of compressor and when heating between the entrance of outdoor heat converter, in refrigeration and heating process, described bypass solenoid valve is closed; When described outdoor heat converter satisfied the defrost condition, described bypass solenoid valve was opened.
Preferably, the outdoor coil pipe used temperature sensor that whether satisfies the defrost condition for detection of described outdoor heat converter that is provided with in the described outdoor heat converter.
Preferably, described refrigeration throttling device, heat a nuclear one-stage throttling device and heat the two-step throttle device and be at least one of following: capillary or electric expansion valve.
Preferably, described refrigeration throttling device is at least one of following: capillary or electric expansion valve.
A kind of air-conditioner that the utility model proposes, heat tonifying Qi loop and bypass defrosting loop by in air-conditioning system, arranging, in heating cyclic process, especially under the worst cold case, utilize the tonifying Qi loop to spray the refrigerant vapour of medium temperature and medium pressure to the compressor hybrid chamber, strengthen compressor displacement, offset because the low excessively compressor air-discharging amount that causes the increase of compressor air suction specific volume to cause of outdoor environment temperature reduces, thereby cause the heating capacity problem of decay rapidly; In addition, hot-gas bypass defrost technology and tonifying Qi are increased the enthalpy technology organically to be combined, solved the bypass defrosting technology slower problem of defrost at low temperatures, avoid heating defrost process and transferred kind of refrigeration cycle to from the drawback of indoor heat absorption, realize that air-conditioner can continue to heat in heating defrost process, solve the sometimes hot and sometimes cold problem in room in the process that heats, improved the user uses air-conditioning in cold season comfortableness; And the combination of two technology also expanded the use warm area scope of heat pump air conditioner, satisfies the different clients' in different regions demand.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the utility model first embodiment proposes a kind of air-conditioner, comprises cross valve 1, indoor heat converter 2, bypass solenoid valve 3, heats a nuclear one-stage throttling device 4, refrigeration throttling device 5, flash evaporation 6, heats check valve 7, refrigeration check valve 8, heats two-step throttle device 9, outdoor heat converter 10, compressor 11, heats tonifying Qi loop 12 and outdoor coil pipe used temperature sensor 13.
Wherein, described compressor 11 is provided with air entry 111, exhaust outlet 112 and gas supplementing opening 113; Air entry 111 by cross valve 1 link to each other with evaporimeter (indoor heat converter 2 under the refrigerating operaton or the outdoor heat converter 10 under the heating operation), exhaust outlet 112 passes through cross valve 1 and links to each other with condenser (outdoor heat converter 10 under the refrigerating operaton or the indoor heat converter 2 under the heating operation), gas supplementing opening 113 links to each other with flash evaporation 6.
Heating closed circuit is divided into the major loop circulation and heats the tonifying Qi circuit cycle.Compressor 11, cross valve 1, indoor heat converter 2, outdoor heat converter 10 are connected into a major loop; Heat a nuclear one-stage throttling device 4, flash evaporation 6, heat check valve 7 and heat two-step throttle device 9 series connection formations and heat tonifying Qi loop 12; Refrigeration check valve 8 and refrigeration throttling device 5 series connection constitute the refrigeration throttle circuit; Refrigeration throttle circuit and heat 12 parallel connections of tonifying Qi loop, separate operation.
The above-mentioned tonifying Qi loop 12 that heats remedies because the decay of the low excessively system's heating capacity that causes of evaporating temperature for the heating capacity that improves under the low temperature environment.Wherein, flash evaporation 6 is equivalent to a gas-liquid separator, when the air-conditioning heating operation, the high pressure refrigerant liquid of coming out from indoor heat converter 2 enters flash evaporation 6 through heating after a nuclear one-stage throttling device 4 is throttled to the gas-liquid mixture of a certain pressure, in flash evaporation 6, the flashed vapour that is in top enters compressor 11 hybrid chambers by the gas supplementing opening 113 of compressor 11, compresses, and has increased the capacity of compressor 11; Thereby increased system's heating capacity; And in flash evaporation 6 inside, the liquid refrigerant that is in the bottom continues to cool off cold owing to the top cold-producing medium constantly evaporates, the refrigerant liquid of crossing after cold is throttled to inlet chamber outer heat-exchanger 10 behind the evaporating pressure through heating two-step throttle device 9 again, thereby has remedied because the decay of the low excessively system's heating capacity that causes of evaporating temperature.
In addition, cross when low for fear of ambient temperature, heat defrost process and transfer kind of refrigeration cycle to from the drawback of indoor heat absorption, make air-conditioner in heating defrost process, can continue to heat, avoid the sometimes hot and sometimes cold problem in room in the process of heating, also be provided with Tonghua frost loop on one side in the present embodiment air-conditioner system, described bypass defrosting loop comprises a bypass solenoid valve 3, the normal valve of described bypass electromagnetism is connected the exhaust outlet 112 of compressor 11 and when heating between the entrance 101 of outdoor heat converter 10, in refrigeration and normal heating process, described bypass solenoid valve 3 is closed, and that is to say, in the refrigerating operaton process, bypass solenoid valve 3 is closed all the time; And in system's heating process; close during bypass solenoid valve 3 beginnings; after system's heating operation a period of time; judge whether the temperature sensor 13 sensing chamber's outer heat-exchangers 10 on outdoor coil pipe used in the outdoor heat converter 10 satisfy the defrost condition; when described outdoor heat converter 10 satisfies the defrost condition; described bypass solenoid valve 3 is opened; inlet chamber outer heat-exchanger 10 defrosts after the exhaust refrigerant vapour of HTHP and the refrigerant mixed after the throttling; at this moment, cross valve 1 does not cut off the power supply, and does not commutate; compressor 11 is not shut down; system still heats continuing, thereby has reduced the temperature fluctuation in room, and the defrost time is short.
Operation principle and the course of work of present embodiment following (refrigerant flow direction is shown in arrow among the figure):
As shown in Figure 2, when the air-conditioner refrigerating operaton, the check valve 7 that heats that heats in the tonifying Qi loop is closed, and does not work in this loop.Refrigeration check valve 8 is opened, the cold-producing medium of low-temp low-pressure enters the refrigerant vapour that compressor 11 is compressed to HTHP through cross valve 1 after absorbing heat and evaporating in indoor heat converter 2, by cross valve 1 inlet chamber outer heat-exchanger 10, refrigerant vapour condensation heat release in outdoor heat converter 10 becomes the subcooled liquid of HTHP, 5 throttling step-downs become the gas-liquid mixture of low-temp low-pressure to enter indoor heat converter 2 with refrigeration throttling device by refrigeration check valve 8, finish whole kind of refrigeration cycle.
As shown in Figure 3, when air conditioner heat-production moves, refrigeration check valve 8 is closed, heating check valve 7 opens, system refrigerant flashes to the refrigerant vapour of low-temp low-pressure from outdoor heat converter 10 heat absorptions, suck compressor 11 air entries 111 through cross valve 1, the refrigerant vapour of compressed machine 11 boil down to HTHPs, then discharge from compressor 11 exhaust outlets 112, enter indoor heat converter 2 through cross valve 1, the refrigerant vapour of HTHP is condensed into the cold-producing medium subcooled liquid of high pressure in indoor heat converter 2 and after the room air heat exchange; Because refrigeration check valve 8 is closed, heating check valve 7 opens, the high-pressure refrigerant subcooled liquid that comes out from indoor heat converter 2 can only be through heating tonifying Qi loop 12, in heating tonifying Qi loop 12, be that the refrigerant air-liquid mixture of medium temperature and medium pressure enters flash evaporation 6 through heating a nuclear one-stage throttling device 4 throttlings at first, in flash evaporation 6, the middle pressure saturated vapor that is in top is sucked by compressor 11 by the gas supplementing opening 113 of compressor 11, the continuous shwoot of steam causes the liquid of flash evaporation 6 bottoms cold excessively, cross and press saturated liquid again through heating two-step throttle device 9 second throttles inlet chamber outer heat-exchanger 10 behind the evaporating pressure in the cold back, finish heating circulation.In this process, vapour injection enters the refrigerant vapour discharge capacity that compressor 11 has increased compressor 11, has improved the system refrigerant mass flow; Thereby improved the heating capacity under the low temperature environment, remedied because the decay of the low excessively system's heating capacity that causes of evaporating temperature.
Refrigeration throttling device 5 described in the present embodiment, heat throttling arrangement, heat the second throttle device and include but not limited to throttle parts such as capillary, electric expansion valve.
Further, when from outdoor environment, absorbing heat that outdoor heat converter 10 does not stop, make environment temperature reduce, steam condenses into frost, is attached to the surface of outdoor heat converter 10, if do not defrost, the frost layer can be more long-pending more thick, the frosting area can be increasing, thereby reduced heat exchange area and air quantity, influenced the heat exchange effect; Along with outdoor heat converter 10 temperature reduce gradually, when temperature sensor 13 detects when satisfying the defrosting condition and satisfying program setting running time, namely begin the defrost process of inlet chamber outer heat-exchanger 10.
During the defrosting beginning; cross valve 1 is failure to actuate; major loop with heat the tonifying Qi loop in the flow of refrigerant situation identical with the process of heating; at this moment; bypass solenoid valve 3 is opened; as shown in Figure 4, the refrigerant vapour of the HTHP that compressor 11 exhaust outlets 112 are discharged and carry out defrost through inlet chamber outer heat-exchanger 10 after heating the refrigerant mixed after the throttling of second throttle device, at this moment; cross valve 1 does not cut off the power supply; do not commutate, compressor 11 is not shut down, and system still heats continuing; thereby reduced the temperature fluctuation in room; and the defrost time shortens, and defrost is clean; rapidly, defrost process is still to the indoor hot blast that blows out.
As shown in Figure 5, the utility model second embodiment proposes a kind of air-conditioner, be with the difference of above-mentioned first embodiment, in the present embodiment with the refrigeration throttling device 5 among above-mentioned first embodiment with heat the second throttle device and merge into a throttling arrangement, as shown in Figure 5.
Wherein, the described tonifying Qi loop that heats is in parallel with described refrigeration check valve 8, and the described tonifying Qi loop that heats comprises: series connection heats a nuclear one-stage throttling device 4, flash evaporation 6 and heat check valve 7 mutually.Other are identical with first embodiment, do not repeat them here.
This utility model embodiment passes through such scheme, heat pump type air conditioning system with common in the refrigerating operaton process is identical, in heating cyclic process, especially under the worst cold case, utilize the tonifying Qi loop to spray the refrigerant vapour of medium temperature and medium pressure to compressor 11 hybrid chambers, strengthen compressor 11 discharge capacities, offset because low excessively compressor 11 capacities that cause the increase of compressor 11 inspiratory volumes to cause of outdoor environment temperature reduce, thereby cause the heating capacity problem of decay rapidly; Simultaneously hot-gas bypass defrost technology and tonifying Qi being increased the enthalpy technology organically combines, solved the bypass defrosting technology slower problem of defrost at low temperatures, avoid heating defrost process and transferred kind of refrigeration cycle to from the drawback of indoor heat absorption, realize that air-conditioner can continue to heat in heating defrost process, solve the sometimes hot and sometimes cold problem in room in the process that heats, improved the user uses air-conditioning in cold season comfortableness.The use warm area scope of heat pump air conditioner has also been expanded in the combination of two technology, satisfies the different clients' in different regions demand.
Above-mentioned only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model; be not so limit claim of the present utility model; every equivalent structure or flow process conversion that utilizes the utility model specification and accompanying drawing content to do; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical field, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present utility model.