CN203120457U - Two-pack lithium battery mower - Google Patents
Two-pack lithium battery mower Download PDFInfo
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- CN203120457U CN203120457U CN 201320068851 CN201320068851U CN203120457U CN 203120457 U CN203120457 U CN 203120457U CN 201320068851 CN201320068851 CN 201320068851 CN 201320068851 U CN201320068851 U CN 201320068851U CN 203120457 U CN203120457 U CN 203120457U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a two-pack lithium battery mower. The two-pack lithium battery mower comprises a direct current motor used for driving cutting blades, wherein the direct current motor is connected with a control system, the control system is connected with a power source, the power source is a lithium battery set, the direct current motor is connected with the lithium battery set through the control system, the lithium battery set power source drives the direct current motor through the control system and further drives the cutting blades to mow, the lithium battery set is two lithium battery packs connected in series, and the control system realizes the function of soft starting under the control of a micro controller U3. In a stand-by state or a light-load state, the output duty ratio is controlled to be 80%, and the rotation speed of the cutting blades can maintain about 2800 turns. When the load is increased, the output duty ratio reaches the maximum, and the rotation speed continues being maintained. The use requirement is met, energy is saved, and noise is largely lowered at the same time. The power supply of the control system is transmitted through a micro switch, the micro switch is in a break-off state when the two-pack lithium battery mower is in a non-use state, and zero power consumption when the mower stands by is guaranteed at the aspect of hardware.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of garden instrument, is a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower specifically.
Background technology
External mower commonly used generally is gasoline type mower and electrodynamic type mower.The gasoline type mower can produce waste gas, and in the Europe of advocating energy-saving and environmental protecting, it is the electrodynamic type mower of using clean energy-saving that people are more prone to.Existing electrodynamic type mower generally uses alternating current, needs to use electric wire and domestic power supply to connect, and owing to the use of electric wire, has limited the working range of mower, and the flexibility of using.Use lead-acid battery to power in addition, but because the manufacturing of lead-acid battery pollutes the environment, therefore also progressively eliminating.
Continuous development along with electric tool, garden instrument industry, abroad, home-use electronic and wirelessization of garden instrument, portability gradually become trend, lithium electricity class instrument also more and more is subjected to abroad consumer's welcome, lithium battery is a kind of light novel power supply mode, uses in a plurality of fields such as electric motor cars.Yet there is following deficiency in the use in the lithium electric tool: be subjected to the restriction of battery capacity, be restricted service time; And if increase battery capacity, certainly will increase volume and the weight of machine, influence has also increased cost greatly in the time of portable.
When lithium electricity application of power is to the garden mower, the problems referred to above have been run into equally.When the consumer selected family expenses garden mower, except considering price, the quality of machine, practicality and ease for use also were to consider.At present, external lithium electricity mower generally uses 36V, and the lithium electricity battery of 2.6Ah is as power supply, about sustainable mowing about 220m in level ground once after completely filling
2Though, can satisfy most of family and use, the power brick use occasion of 36V is single and expensive, has directly influenced consumer's use impression.The lithium battery bag of 36V because its series connection uses joint number more, be difficult to guarantee the equilibrium problem of single-unit, and separate unit cost of long while of the construction cycle of baffle is than higher simultaneously.Consider on the market that the DC tools great majority are i.e. 5 strings of 18V(), and 18V baffle comparative maturity all, we adopt two 18V batteries series connection on this basis, thus add again a feature board realize the 36V mower electric power system.When the client used like this, power brick both can be used on mower with double-contracting, can also use on other DC tools, on the DC tools as electric drill, Gao Zhiju, electric hammer, sanding machine etc. 18V by single bag.Simultaneously, how under existing battery capacity condition, reduce invalid energy consumption, the single service time (mowing area) of improving mower, become the technical problem of necessary solution.In addition, because the use seasonality of garden instrument is stronger, all be in the state of shelving whole winter, and the characteristic of lithium battery can produce power consumption equally under static condition, cause lithium battery voltage slowly to reduce, until under-voltage.Long-term under-voltagely will inevitably influence the lithium battery life-span, even cause losing efficacy.Therefore, manage to reduce the lithium battery quiescent dissipation, prolonging lithium battery service life also is the task of top priority.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower, the flexibility of using, power brick both can be used on mower with double-contracting, can also use on other DC tools, on the DC tools as electric drill, Gao Zhiju, electric hammer, sanding machine etc. 18V by single bag.
The technical solution that realizes the utility model purpose is: a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower, comprise the direct current generator that drives cutting blade, and direct current generator links to each other with control system, and control system links to each other with power supply; Described power supply is the lithium battery group, and direct current generator links to each other with the lithium battery group by control system; Lithium battery group power supply drives direct current generator by control system, and then drives the cutting blade mowing; The lithium battery group is the lithium battery bag of two series connection;
Described control system comprises:
Power supply unit provides reference voltage, driving voltage and microcontroller U3 operating voltage; The battery temperature collecting unit be used for to be measured the temperature of lithium battery group, and temperature information is constantly fed back to microcontroller U3, and microcontroller U3 judges that the lithium battery group is whether in the normal working temperature scope; Drive performance element, be used for discharge switch pipe Q2 of control, and control brake and continued flow switch pipe Q1; The discharge current of lithium battery group be used for to be measured in the current acquisition unit, and this current value is exported to microcontroller U3; The short circuit detecting unit is used for measuring and closes output when discharge loop is in short-circuit condition; Start unit is used for opening or to close being connected of power supply unit and battery pack; Voltage acquisition unit for total voltage after the series connection of gathering power brick, is closed output after putting excessively; Microcontroller U3 is used for receiving and handles various data, and information is sent to interlock circuit;
The positive pole of series connection back power brick connects first K switch 1, the D utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1 and the positive pole of direct current generator, start unit is connected first K switch, 1 rear end, microcontroller U3, power supply unit and voltage acquisition unit are connected to after the start unit, the battery temperature collecting unit, drive performance element, current acquisition unit and short circuit detecting unit are connected on the microcontroller U3, the driver element that drives in the performance element connects brake switch pipe Q1 and discharge switch pipe Q2 respectively, the negative pole of direct current generator is connected the S utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1, the S that the D utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2 is connected brake switch pipe Q1 extremely goes up, the S utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2 connects respectively on current acquisition unit and short circuit detecting unit and the current sampling resistor R27, the negative pole of another termination series connection back battery of current sampling resistor R27.
The 36V voltage transitions that power supply unit will pass over through first K switch 1 is that driver element needs+12V voltage; and microcontroller U3; the current acquisition unit; the short circuit detecting unit is required+5V voltage; voltage acquisition unit will pass to microcontroller U3 through the 36V voltage that first K switch 1 passes over and carry out the A/D conversion after dividing potential drop; judge whether to carry out the over action according to this conversion value; the battery temperature collecting unit judges whether to carry out the action of power brick overheat protector according to the magnitude of voltage of the temperature sensor of power brick conversion, and the pressure drop magnitude of voltage that current acquisition unit and short circuit detecting unit are flowed through behind the current sampling resistor R27 according to electric current judges whether to carry out overcurrent protection or short-circuit protection action.
The utility model compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage: the utility model adopts soft starting circuit, when electromotor just starts, makes electric current ascending, progressively increases, and avoids motor and control panel are damaged, and has prolonged service life; Under loading condition, electric current increases to maximum, has both satisfied instructions for use, and is energy-conservation again, greatly reduces noise simultaneously; Adopt weak control circuit, starting depression bar, cut off the control panel power supply, make control panel reach zero-power.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the power supply unit circuit diagram.
Fig. 2 is battery temperature collecting unit circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 is driving performance element circuit diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is current acquisition element circuit schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is short circuit detecting unit circuit diagram.
Fig. 6 is the start unit circuit diagram.
Fig. 7 is the voltage acquisition unit schematic diagram.
The circuit theory schematic block diagram of Fig. 8 control system of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is described in further detail.
In conjunction with Fig. 8, a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower of the present utility model comprises the direct current generator that drives cutting blade, and direct current generator links to each other with control system, and control system links to each other with power supply; Described power supply is the lithium battery group, and direct current generator links to each other with the lithium battery group by control system.Lithium battery group power supply drives direct current generator by control system, and then drives the cutting blade mowing.The lithium battery group is to be in series by two 5 independent lithium battery bags of going here and there.
Described control system comprises:
Power supply unit 1: reference voltage, driving voltage and U3 operating voltage are provided.
Battery temperature collecting unit 2: be used for to measure the temperature of lithium battery group, and temperature information is constantly fed back to microcontroller U3, microcontroller U3 judges that the lithium battery group is whether in the normal working temperature scope.
Drive performance element 3: be used for discharge switch pipe Q2 of control, and control brake and continued flow switch pipe Q1.
Current acquisition unit 4: be used for measuring the discharge current of lithium battery group, and this current value is exported to microcontroller U3.
Short circuit detecting unit 5: be used for measuring and close output when discharge loop is in short-circuit condition.
Start unit 6: be used for opening or to close being connected of power supply unit and battery pack.
Voltage acquisition unit 7: for total voltage after the series connection of gathering power brick, close output after putting excessively.
Microcontroller U3: be used for receiving and handle various data, and information is sent to interlock circuit.
The positive pole of series connection back power brick connects first K switch 1, the D utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1 and the positive pole of direct current generator.Start unit 6 is connected first K switch, 1 rear end, and microcontroller U3, power supply unit 1 and voltage acquisition unit 7 are connected to after the start unit 6.Battery temperature collecting unit 2, driving performance element 3, current acquisition unit 4 and short circuit detecting unit 5 are connected on the microcontroller U3.The driver element that drives in the performance element 3 connects brake switch pipe Q1 and discharge switch pipe Q2 respectively.The negative pole of direct current generator is connected the S utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1.The S that the D utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2 is connected brake switch pipe Q1 extremely goes up, the S utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2 connects respectively on current acquisition unit 4 and short circuit detecting unit 5 and the current sampling resistor R27, the negative pole of another termination series connection back battery of current sampling resistor R27.
The 36V voltage transitions that power supply unit 1 will pass over through first K switch 1 is that driver element needs+12V voltage, and microcontroller U3, current acquisition unit 4, short circuit detecting unit 5 required+5V voltages.Voltage acquisition unit 7 will pass to microcontroller U3 through the 36V voltage that first K switch 1 passes over and carry out the A/D conversion after dividing potential drop, judge whether to carry out the over action according to this conversion value.Battery temperature collecting unit 2 judges whether to carry out the action of power brick overheat protector according to the magnitude of voltage of the temperature sensor conversion of power brick.The pressure drop magnitude of voltage that current acquisition unit 4 and short circuit detecting unit 5 are flowed through behind the current sampling resistor R27 according to electric current judges whether to carry out overcurrent protection or short-circuit protection action.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, power supply unit 1 connects the rear end of start unit 6 by the anode of the first anti-reverse diode D1, and the negative electrode of the first diode D1 connects an end of second resistance R 2, input 3 pin of another termination first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1 of second resistance R 2.One end of the 6th capacitor C 6 is connected input 3 pin of U1, the negative pole after another termination power brick series connection.The positive pole of the 7th electrochemical capacitor C7 connects input 3 pin of the first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1, and the negative pole of the 7th electrochemical capacitor C7 connects the negative pole after the power brick series connection.Be connected in 1 pin of the first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1 after the 8th capacitor C 8, the 9th resistance R 9,13 parallel connections of the 13 resistance R, the other end after the parallel connection is connected in the negative pole after the power brick series connection.One end of the 12 resistance R 12 connects 2 pin of the first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1, and the other end connects 1 pin of the first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1.One end of the 12 capacitor C 12 is connected input 3 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4, the negative pole after another termination power brick series connection.The positive pole of the 9th electrochemical capacitor C9 connects input 3 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4, and the negative pole of the 9th electrochemical capacitor C9 connects the negative pole after the power brick series connection.Be connected in 1 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4 after the 14 capacitor C 14,15 parallel connections of the 15 capacitor C, the other end after the parallel connection is connected in the negative pole after the power brick series connection.2 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4 connect the negative pole after the power brick series connection.Be connected in 3 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4 after the 15 resistance R 15,16 parallel connections of the 16 resistance R, the other end after the parallel connection connects 1 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4.Power supply unit 1 is used for voltage stabilizing, be provided as drive performance element 3+the 12V power supply, the power supply of microcontroller U3 is provided simultaneously, AD is provided the benchmark+5V voltage of sampling simultaneously.
Microcontroller U3(adopts a 8 single-chip microcomputers of ST Microelectronics; concrete model is STM8F103) the INT pin link to each other with the output of short circuit detecting unit 5; short circuit detecting unit 5 is measured the discharge current upper limit spill over of current electric lithium pond group and is exported to microcontroller U3; microcontroller U3 detects and interrupts input (trailing edge); microcontroller U3 outputs signal to the driving performance element; turn-off discharge switch pipe Q2; drive performance element output signal control brake switch pipe Q1 simultaneously; carry out motor brake control, reach short-circuit protection.
In conjunction with Fig. 5, the U5B of short circuit detecting unit 5 is operational amplifier, and the 7th output of the U5B of short circuit detecting unit 5 is connected to the INT input of microcontroller U3 by the 21 resistance R 21, is used for the input of the short-circuit signal of microcontroller U3.The 5th input of the U5B of short circuit detecting unit 5 is connected to the 19 resistance R 19 and the 20 resistance R 20, the 19 resistance R 19 other end connection+5V reference power supplies, and the other end of the 20 resistance R 20 connects the negative pole of series connection back power brick; One end of the 18 resistance R 18 is connected to the 6th pin of the U5B of short circuit detecting unit 5, and the other end of the 18 resistance R 18 is connected to the negative pole of series connection back power brick, and an end of the 16 capacitor C 16 links to each other with 6 pin of U5B, the negative pole of another termination series connection back power brick.The 4th pin of the U5B of short circuit detecting unit 5 connects the negative pole after the power brick series connection, and the 8th pin of the U5B of short circuit detecting unit 5 connects+the 5V reference power supply.U5A and U5B are the dual operational amplifiers (for the LM358AM of fairchild company) of 8 pin.
In conjunction with Fig. 3, drive performance element 3 and comprise driver element, brake switch pipe Q1 and discharge switch pipe Q2, driver element is connected with discharge switch pipe Q2 with brake switch pipe Q1 respectively, brake switch pipe Q1 is connected with discharge switch pipe Q2 again, the semi-conductive half-bridge driver IR2103S of adjustment chip U2(adjustment chip U2 use American I R of driver element) 2 pin, 3 pin link to each other with the PWM output of microcontroller U3,1 pin of adjusting chip U2 is connected with anodal and the 13 capacitor C 13 of the tenth diode D10 respectively, the other end ground connection of the 13 capacitor C 13, the positive pole of the tenth diode D10 connects+the 12V power supply, the negative pole of the tenth diode D10 connects the 8th pin of adjustment chip U2 and the positive pole of the 5th capacitor C 5, the negative pole of the 5th capacitor C 5 is connected to the 22 resistance R 22 and lead-out terminal Moto-, the 22 resistance R 22 another terminations are adjusted 6 pin of chip U2,4 pin of adjusting chip U2 connect the negative pole of series connection back power brick, 7 pin of adjusting chip U2 connect the G utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1, the S utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1 links to each other with the negative pole of direct current generator, is used for the control direct current generator and suddenly stops braking; 5 pin of adjusting chip U2 are connected to the G utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2, and the S utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2 is connected to the end of current sampling resistor R27, and the other end of current sampling resistor R27 connects series connection back power brick negative pole.The D utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2 links to each other with the negative pole of direct current generator, and the D utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1 connects the direct current generator positive pole, and the anodal positive pole with series connection back power brick of direct current generator is connected.The G utmost point of one termination discharge switch pipe Q2 of the 18 capacitor C 18, the S utmost point of the 18 capacitor C 18 another termination discharge switch pipe Q2.Drive performance element 3 and given full play to the driving function that drives chip U2, the Dead Time of brake switch pipe Q1 and discharge switch pipe Q2 is 1 microsecond, makes brake switch pipe Q1 and discharge switch pipe Q2 can not produce the phenomenon of conducting simultaneously.Because motor load is inductive load, traditional Starting mode be to add voltage directly for the motor two ends, and motor starts with peak power immediately, at this moment starting current will be the motor rated current more than 3 times or higher; Owing to be that total power starts, when starting, big electric current is very big to the damage of carbon brush.Therefore total power starts for the electric power system of lithium electricity group pond, and excessive starting current can have great influence to life-span and the safety of lithium battery.Soft starting circuit of the present utility model, namely driving performance element 3 can overcome the above problems.When microcontroller U3 receives enabling signal; can drive brake switch pipe Q1 and discharge switch pipe Q2 with small-power output earlier; this moment, motor was to move earlier than the low speed low-power; the uninterrupted stepless adjustment of PWM width simultaneously; make motor rotary speed constantly rise up to set-point, during starter, machine does not have violent vibration slowly; and starting current is very little, has effectively protected safety and the life-span of lithium battery.Heavy current impact and the equipment of lithium battery group to be beated suddenly in order exempting to start because of direct current generator, to have adopted soft starting circuit.Described soft starting circuit adopts the mode of PWM (pulse width modulation), initial what start, microcontroller U3 is with minimum duty cycle 15% output, 15% duty cycle transmissions is to driving performance element to driving signal and amplify and handling, output driving brake switch pipe Q1 and discharge switch pipe Q2 are with 15% dutycycle conducting again, starting simultaneously, the PWM dutycycle of microcontroller U3 output increases width gradually, motor speed is promoted gradually, when the given dutycycle that is promoted to about 85%, stop the adjustment of PWM dutycycle, startup is finished; During underload, with the stable output of 85% dutycycle.Start finish after, current sampling unit 4 detects current discharge current value, with the corresponding different PWM dutycycles of different size of current, when machine works electric current hour, dutycycle is with 85% output, motor rotary speed reduces, the energy-conservation while has been reduced noise again; When the machine works electric current changed, the PWM dutycycle was adjusted thereupon, and dutycycle was 100% when electric current was maximum, and this moment, motor rotary speed reached maximum.Reach the economical operation effect by above adjustment process.
Described electric brake function is that microcontroller U3 had detected the K1 disconnection at once after first K switch 1 disconnected, because power supply unit 1 has remaining electric weight to offer microcontroller U3, microcontroller U3 increases the purpose that (Q1 and Q2 are complementary open-minded) reaches electric brake gradually by the dutycycle that driver element is opened brake switch pipe Q1.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, battery temperature collecting unit 2 is made up of the 3rd resistance R 3, the 6th resistance R 6 and the 4th capacitor C 4.One termination of the 6th resistance R 6+5V reference power supply, the temperature sensor signal end of another termination power brick.One end of the 3rd resistance R 3 is connected with the temperature sensor signal end of power brick, and the other end is connected with the AD-NTC of microcontroller U3.One end of the 4th capacitor C 4 is connected with the AD-NTC of microcontroller U3, and the other end of the 4th capacitor C 4 links to each other with the negative pole of series connection back power brick.The temperature sensor of power brick is negative tempperature coefficient thermistor, and the AD of the AD-NTC of microcontroller U3 end gathers the voltage reduction when temperature rises, and magnitude of voltage is calculated temperature value thus, to realize the purpose of overheat protector.
In conjunction with Fig. 4. the utility model also comprises the current acquisition unit 4 for the discharge current of measuring the lithium battery group, current acquisition unit 4 comprises testing circuit main control chip U5A (for the LM358AM of fairchild company), testing circuit main control chip U5A is operational amplifier, the 1st output of testing circuit main control chip U5A is connected to the AD_I input of microcontroller U3 by the 17 resistance R 17, is used for the discharge current AD input of microcontroller U3.The 3rd input of the main control chip U5A of current acquisition unit 4 is connected to the S end that the 11 resistance R 11, the 11 resistance R 11 other ends are connected to discharge switch pipe Q2.Current sampling resistor R27 is the positive pole of current sampling with the end that the S end of discharge switch pipe Q2 links to each other, and the other end of current sampling resistor R27 links to each other with the negative pole of series connection back power brick.One end of the tenth capacitor C 10 links to each other with 3 pin of current acquisition unit main control chip U5A, and the negative pole of another termination series connection back power brick of the tenth capacitor C 10 links to each other.One end of the 14 resistance R 14 is connected to the 2nd pin of testing circuit main control chip U5A, the 1st pin of the other end connection detection circuit main control chip U5A of the 14 resistance R 14, and the 11 capacitor C 11 is in parallel with the 14 resistance R 14.One end of the tenth resistance R 10 links to each other with 2 pin of testing circuit main control chip U5A, the negative pole of another termination series connection back power brick of the tenth resistance R 10.The discharge current that current lithium battery group is measured in current acquisition unit 4 is exported to microcontroller U3; microcontroller U3 judges that electric current reaches discharge overcurrent protection value; and the time reaches guard time; microcontroller U3 outputs signal to and drives performance element 3; turn-off discharge switch pipe Q2; drive performance element output signal control brake switch pipe Q1 simultaneously, carry out motor brake control, realize the discharge overcurrent protection.
In conjunction with Fig. 7, voltage detection unit 7 is made up of the 4th resistance R 4, the 5th resistance R 5, the 7th resistance R 7 and the 3rd capacitor C 3, the output of one termination start unit 6 of the 4th resistance R 4, the other end of the 4th resistance R 4 is connected with the AD conversion port AD-V of microcontroller U3.The AD conversion port AD-V of the 5th resistance R 5, the 7th resistance R 7, the 3rd capacitor C 3 back one termination host microcontroller U3 in parallel, the negative pole of another termination series connection back power brick.This unit is used for measuring lithium battery Battery pack voltage, if cell voltage reduces to discharge down in limited time, microcontroller U3 can close discharge switch pipe Q2, realizes that the mistake of battery is put protection.
In conjunction with Fig. 6, the positive pole of the input termination of start unit 6 series connection back power brick.One end of the 23 resistance R 23 connects the output of start unit 6, and the other end is connected with the START pin of microcontroller U3.The START pin of the 17 capacitor C 17 and the 24 resistance R 24 back one termination microcontroller U3 in parallel, the negative pole of the 17 capacitor C 17 and another termination series connection back power brick of the 24 resistance R 24 backs in parallel.When the closed back of first K switch 1 power supply unit 1 electric, provide power supply to microcontroller U3 simultaneously, U3 gets and can realize soft start function and economic operation model after electric.First K switch 1 disconnects back microcontroller U3 and detects 1 disconnection of first K switch at once, because power supply unit 1 has remaining electric weight power supply, microcontroller U3 increases the purpose that (Q1 and Q2 are complementary open-minded) reaches electric brake gradually by the dutycycle that driver element is opened brake switch pipe Q1, and first K switch 1 is connected on binding post P3 two ends.+ 36V connects the positive pole of series connection back power brick.After first K switch, 1 closure, the positive pole of the first diode D1 has been connected to+36V last (KEY is the electrical network identifier, represents identical network) by K1.
After first K switch, 1 closure, the positive pole of electric current power brick after connecting flows out and flows into the first diode D1, second resistance R 2 of flowing through then, after filtering the 6th capacitor C 6, the 7th electrochemical capacitor C7 filtering, flow into the first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1 again, the 9th resistance R 9, the 12 resistance R 12, the 13 resistance R 13 are as the feedback of the first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1 output voltage, and the 8th capacitor C 8 is as the filtering of feedback.The voltage of first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1 output this moment be+12V, should+12V voltage provides power supply for driving performance element 3.As the input of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4, the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4 output is+5V voltage+12V voltage after the 9th electrochemical capacitor C9,12 filtering of the 12 capacitor C, and the 14 capacitor C 14, the 15 capacitor C 15 be+filter capacitor of 5V.+ 5V be the U5A of U5B, current acquisition unit of microcontroller U3, short circuit detecting unit and battery temperature collecting unit 2 on draw power supply.After first K switch, 1 closure, enter the START pin of microcontroller U3 through the filtering of the dividing potential drop of the 23 resistance R 23, the 24 resistance R 24 and the 17 capacitor C 17.Microcontroller U3 is by 2 pin and 3 pin of its PWM pin output pwm signal to the driver element adjustment chip U2 that drives performance element 3, and this pwm signal drives discharge switch pipe Q2 and brake switch pipe Q1 through the amplification of driver element U2 respectively by its 5 pin and 7 pin.When system entered steady-state operation ,+36V voltage was got back to the negative pole of series connection back power brick then through direct current generator flow through discharge switch pipe Q2 and current sampling resistor R27.This electric current can produce a pressure drop signal when flowing through current sampling resistor R27, this signal enters 3 pin of current sampling unit U5A behind the capacitance-resistance filter of the 11 resistance R 11 and the tenth capacitor C 10 formations, this signal enters the current acquisition port AD-I of microcontroller U3 by the 17 resistance R 17 after the signal of the amplifying circuit that the 14 resistance R 14, the 11 capacitor C 11, the tenth resistance R 10 and U5A constitute amplifies.When zero load, because the rotating speed high current is less, the magnitude of voltage that this moment, AD-I collected is lower, and microcontroller U3 control output duty cycle is about 80%; When meet obstructions or load when strengthening dc motor speed descend, electric current can increase, the magnitude of voltage that this moment, AD-I collected is than higher, microcontroller U3 regulates PWM and outputs to 100% and obtained maximum outputting power, increases work efficiency.The electric current pressure drop voltage signal same benchmark+5V after the 18 resistance R 18,16 filtering of the 16 capacitor C that current sampling resistor R27 produces that flows through compares through the voltage signal that the 19 resistance R 19, the 20 resistance R 20 dividing potential drops obtain; when if electric current surpasses given higher limit; 7 pin of short circuit detecting unit U5B can produce a trailing edge level signal, and microcontroller U3 closes discharge switch pipe Q2 realization short-circuit protection function by driving performance element after catching this signal at once.After K switch 1 is closed+36V is through first K switch 1 flow through the 4th resistance R 4, the 5th resistance R 5, the 7th resistance R 7; simultaneously through 3 filtering of the 3rd capacitor C; the voltage division signal that produces is input to the AD-V of microcontroller U3; this sampled value and prior given lower voltage limit value compare; if be lower than the lower voltage limit value, microcontroller U3 closes discharge switch pipe Q2 realization deep-discharge protection by driving performance element 3.
The temperature sensor signal of power brick through the 6th resistance R 6+after drawing on the 5V; again through the laggard AD-NTC pin of going into microcontroller U3 of the capacitance-resistance filter of the 3rd resistance R 3, the 4th capacitor C 4; temperature sensor is negative temperature coefficient; when the raise voltage ratio of AD-NTC pin of the laggard microcontroller U3 of going into of temperature lower; if think the power brick excess temperature when being lower than value given in advance, microcontroller U3 closes the overheat protector function that discharge switch pipe Q2 realizes power brick by driving performance element 3.
After first K switch 1 disconnects, the START pin of microcontroller U3 can detect this signal (trailing edge) at once, because the 6th capacitor C 6, the 7th electrochemical capacitor C7, the 9th electrochemical capacitor C9, the 12 capacitor C 12, the 14 capacitor C 14, the 15 capacitor C 15 in the power supply unit stores electric energy at this moment, the electric brake function when microcontroller U3 adjusts PWM output realization shutdown system by driving performance element 3.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (9)
1. a double-contracting lithium electricity mower comprises the direct current generator that drives cutting blade, and direct current generator links to each other with control system, and control system links to each other with power supply; Described power supply is the lithium battery group, and direct current generator links to each other with the lithium battery group by control system; Lithium battery group power supply drives direct current generator by control system, and then drives the cutting blade mowing; The lithium battery group is the lithium battery bag of two series connection; It is characterized in that:
Described control system comprises:
Power supply unit (1) provides reference voltage, driving voltage and microcontroller U3 operating voltage; Battery temperature collecting unit (2) be used for to be measured the temperature of lithium battery group, and temperature information is constantly fed back to microcontroller U3, and microcontroller U3 judges that the lithium battery group is whether in the normal working temperature scope; Drive performance element (3), be used for discharge switch pipe Q2 of control, and control brake and continued flow switch pipe Q1; The discharge current of lithium battery group be used for to be measured in current acquisition unit (4), and this current value is exported to microcontroller U3; Short circuit detecting unit (5) is used for measuring and closes output when discharge loop is in short-circuit condition; Start unit (6) is used for opening or to close being connected of power supply unit and battery pack; Voltage acquisition unit (7) for total voltage after the series connection of gathering power brick, is closed output after putting excessively; Microcontroller U3 is used for receiving and handles various data, and information is sent to interlock circuit;
The positive pole of series connection back power brick connects first K switch 1, the D utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1 and the positive pole of direct current generator, start unit (6) is connected first K switch, 1 rear end, microcontroller U3, power supply unit (1) and voltage acquisition unit (7) are connected to start unit (6) afterwards, battery temperature collecting unit (2), drive performance element (3), current acquisition unit (4) and short circuit detecting unit (5) are connected on the microcontroller U3, the driver element that drives in the performance element (3) connects brake switch pipe Q1 and discharge switch pipe Q2 respectively, the negative pole of direct current generator is connected the S utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1, the S that the D utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2 is connected brake switch pipe Q1 extremely goes up, the S utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2 connects respectively on current acquisition unit (4) and short circuit detecting unit (5) and the current sampling resistor R27, the negative pole of another termination series connection back battery of current sampling resistor R27;
The 36V voltage transitions that power supply unit (1) will pass over through first K switch 1 is that driver element needs+12V voltage; and microcontroller U3; current acquisition unit (4); short circuit detecting unit (5) is required+5V voltage; voltage acquisition unit (7) will pass to microcontroller U3 through the 36V voltage that first K switch 1 passes over and carry out the A/D conversion after dividing potential drop; judge whether to carry out the over action according to this conversion value; battery temperature collecting unit (2) judges whether to carry out the action of power brick overheat protector according to the magnitude of voltage of the temperature sensor of power brick conversion, and the pressure drop magnitude of voltage that current acquisition unit (4) and short circuit detecting unit (5) are flowed through behind the current sampling resistor R27 according to electric current judges whether to carry out overcurrent protection or short-circuit protection action.
2. a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: power supply unit (1) is connect the rear end of start unit (6) by the anode of the first anti-reverse diode D1, the negative electrode of the first diode D1 connects an end of second resistance R 2, input 3 pin of another termination first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1 of second resistance R 2; One end of the 6th capacitor C 6 is connected input 3 pin of U1, the negative pole after another termination power brick series connection; The positive pole of the 7th electrochemical capacitor C7 connects input 3 pin of the first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1, and the negative pole of the 7th electrochemical capacitor C7 connects the negative pole after the power brick series connection; Be connected in 1 pin of the first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1 after the 8th capacitor C 8, the 9th resistance R 9,13 parallel connections of the 13 resistance R, the other end after the parallel connection is connected in the negative pole after the power brick series connection; One end of the 12 resistance R 12 connects 2 pin of the first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1, and the other end connects 1 pin of the first three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U1; One end of the 12 capacitor C 12 is connected input 3 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4, negative pole after another termination power brick series connection, the positive pole of the 9th electrochemical capacitor C9 connects input 3 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4, and the negative pole of the 9th electrochemical capacitor C9 connects the negative pole after the power brick series connection; Be connected in 1 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4 after the 14 capacitor C 14,15 parallel connections of the 15 capacitor C, the other end after the parallel connection is connected in the negative pole after the power brick series connection; 2 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4 connect the negative pole after the power brick series connection; Be connected in 3 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4 after the 15 resistance R 15,16 parallel connections of the 16 resistance R, the other end after the parallel connection connects 1 pin of the 4th three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe U4; Power supply unit (1) is used for voltage stabilizing, be provided as drive performance element (3)+the 12V power supply, the power supply of microcontroller U3 is provided simultaneously, AD is provided the benchmark+5V voltage of sampling simultaneously.
3. a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: the INT pin of microcontroller U3 links to each other with the output of short circuit detecting unit (5); short circuit detecting unit (5) is measured the discharge current upper limit spill over of current electric lithium pond group and is exported to microcontroller U3; microcontroller U3 detects and interrupts input; microcontroller U3 outputs signal to and drives performance element (3); turn-off discharge switch pipe Q2; drive performance element (3) output signal control brake switch pipe Q1 simultaneously; carry out motor brake control, reach short-circuit protection.
4. a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the U5B of short circuit detecting unit (5) is operational amplifier, the 7th output of the U5B of short circuit detecting unit (5) is connected to the INT input of microcontroller U3 by the 21 resistance R 21, be used for the input of the short-circuit signal of microcontroller U3, the 5th input of the U5B of short circuit detecting unit (5) is connected to the 19 resistance R 19 and the 20 resistance R 20, the 19 resistance R 19 other end connection+5V reference power supplies, the other end of the 20 resistance R 20 connect the negative pole of series connection back power brick; One end of the 18 resistance R 18 is connected to the 6th pin of the U5B of short circuit detecting unit (5), the other end of the 18 resistance R 18 is connected to the negative pole of series connection back power brick, one end of the 16 capacitor C 16 links to each other with 6 pin of U5B, the negative pole of another termination series connection back power brick; The 4th pin of the U5B of short circuit detecting unit (5) connects the negative pole after the power brick series connection, and the 8th pin of the U5B of short circuit detecting unit (5) connects+the 5V reference power supply.
5. a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: drive performance element (3) and comprise driver element, brake switch pipe Q1 and discharge switch pipe Q2, driver element is connected with discharge switch pipe Q2 with brake switch pipe Q1 respectively, brake switch pipe Q1 is connected with discharge switch pipe Q2 again, 2 pin of the adjustment chip U2 of driver element, 3 pin link to each other with the PWM output of microcontroller U3,1 pin of adjusting chip U2 is connected with anodal and the 13 capacitor C 13 of the tenth diode D10 respectively, the other end ground connection of the 13 capacitor C 13, the positive pole of the tenth diode D10 connects+the 12V power supply, the negative pole of the tenth diode D10 connects the 8th pin of adjustment chip U2 and the positive pole of the 5th capacitor C 5, the negative pole of the 5th capacitor C 5 is connected to the 22 resistance R 22 and lead-out terminal Moto-, the 22 resistance R 22 another terminations are adjusted 6 pin of chip U2,4 pin of adjusting chip U2 connect the negative pole of series connection back power brick, 7 pin of adjusting chip U2 connect the G utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1, the S utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1 links to each other with the negative pole of direct current generator, is used for the control direct current generator and suddenly stops braking; 5 pin of adjusting chip U2 are connected to the G utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2, and the S utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2 is connected to the end of current sampling resistor R27, and the other end of current sampling resistor R27 connects series connection back power brick negative pole; The D utmost point of discharge switch pipe Q2 links to each other with the negative pole of direct current generator, the D utmost point of brake switch pipe Q1 connects the direct current generator positive pole, the anodal positive pole with series connection back power brick of direct current generator is connected, the G utmost point of one termination discharge switch pipe Q2 of the 18 capacitor C 18, the S utmost point of the 18 capacitor C 18 another termination discharge switch pipe Q2.
6. a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: battery temperature collecting unit (2) is made up of the 3rd resistance R 3, the 6th resistance R 6 and the 4th capacitor C 4, one termination of the 6th resistance R 6+5V reference power supply, the temperature sensor signal end of another termination power brick; One end of the 3rd resistance R 3 is connected with the temperature sensor signal end of power brick, and the other end is connected with the AD-NTC of microcontroller U3; One end of the 4th capacitor C 4 is connected with the AD-NTC of microcontroller U3, and the other end of the 4th capacitor C 4 links to each other with the negative pole of series connection back power brick; The temperature sensor of power brick is negative tempperature coefficient thermistor, and the AD of the AD-NTC of microcontroller U3 end gathers the voltage reduction when temperature rises, and magnitude of voltage is calculated temperature value thus, to realize the purpose of overheat protector.
7. a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: current acquisition unit (4) comprise testing circuit main control chip U5A, testing circuit main control chip U5A is operational amplifier, the 1st output of testing circuit main control chip U5A is connected to the AD_I input of microcontroller U3 by the 17 resistance R 17, is used for the discharge current AD input of microcontroller U3; The 3rd input of the main control chip U5A of current acquisition unit (4) is connected to the 11 resistance R 11, the 11 resistance R 11 other ends are connected to the S end of discharge switch pipe Q2, current sampling resistor R27 is the positive pole of current sampling with the end that the S end of discharge switch pipe Q2 links to each other, and the other end of current sampling resistor R27 links to each other with the negative pole of series connection back power brick; One end of the tenth capacitor C 10 links to each other with 3 pin of current acquisition unit main control chip U5A, and the negative pole of another termination series connection back power brick of the tenth capacitor C 10 links to each other; One end of the 14 resistance R 14 is connected to the 2nd pin of testing circuit main control chip U5A, the 1st pin of the other end connection detection circuit main control chip U5A of the 14 resistance R 14, and the 11 capacitor C 11 is in parallel with the 14 resistance R 14; One end of the tenth resistance R 10 links to each other with 2 pin of testing circuit main control chip U5A, the negative pole of another termination series connection back power brick of the tenth resistance R 10; Current acquisition unit (4) is measured the discharge current of current lithium battery group and is exported to microcontroller U3; microcontroller U3 judges that electric current reaches discharge overcurrent protection value; and the time reaches guard time; microcontroller U3 outputs signal to and drives performance element (3); turn-off discharge switch pipe Q2; drive performance element output signal control brake switch pipe Q1 simultaneously, carry out motor brake control, realize the discharge overcurrent protection.
8. a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: voltage detection unit (7) is made up of the 4th resistance R 4, the 5th resistance R 5, the 7th resistance R 7 and the 3rd capacitor C 3, the output of one termination start unit (6) of the 4th resistance R 4, the other end of the 4th resistance R 4 is connected with the AD conversion port AD-V of microcontroller U3; The AD conversion port AD-V of the 5th resistance R 5, the 7th resistance R 7, the 3rd capacitor C 3 back one termination host microcontroller U3 in parallel, the negative pole of another termination series connection back power brick; This unit is used for measuring lithium battery Battery pack voltage, if cell voltage reduces to discharge down in limited time, microcontroller U3 can close discharge switch pipe Q2, realizes that the mistake of battery is put protection.
9. a kind of double-contracting lithium electricity mower according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the positive pole of the input termination series connection back power brick of start unit (6); One end of the 23 resistance R 23 connects the output of start unit (6), the other end is connected with the START pin of microcontroller U3, the START pin of the 17 capacitor C 17 and the 24 resistance R 24 back one termination microcontroller U3 in parallel, the negative pole of the 17 capacitor C 17 and another termination series connection back power brick of the 24 resistance R 24 backs in parallel; Power supply unit (1) gets after first K switch, 1 closure, power supply is provided for simultaneously microcontroller U3, U3 gets and can realize soft start function and economic operation model after electric, first K switch 1 disconnects back microcontroller U3 and detects 1 disconnection of first K switch at once, because power supply unit (1) has remaining electric weight power supply, microcontroller U3 increases the purpose that reaches electric brake gradually by the dutycycle that driver element is opened brake switch pipe Q1, and first K switch 1 is connected on binding post P3 two ends; + 36V connects the positive pole of series connection back power brick; After first K switch, 1 closure, the positive pole of the first diode D1 by K1 be connected to+36V on.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320068851 CN203120457U (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2013-02-06 | Two-pack lithium battery mower |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201320068851 CN203120457U (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2013-02-06 | Two-pack lithium battery mower |
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| CN203120457U true CN203120457U (en) | 2013-08-14 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103053265A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-04-24 | 常州合力电器有限公司 | Dual-wrapped lithium battery grass cutter |
| WO2015127710A1 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-09-03 | 上虞市冠业电器有限公司 | Current-limiting protection circuit of direct-current motor |
| CN104996091A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-10-28 | 包头市北工机械有限公司 | People-assisted electric mower capable of feeding back electric power |
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2013
- 2013-02-06 CN CN 201320068851 patent/CN203120457U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103053265A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-04-24 | 常州合力电器有限公司 | Dual-wrapped lithium battery grass cutter |
| WO2014121423A1 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-14 | 常州合力电器有限公司 | Double-pack lithium electric lawn mower |
| CN103053265B (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-10-22 | 常州合力电器有限公司 | Dual-wrapped lithium battery grass cutter |
| WO2015127710A1 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-09-03 | 上虞市冠业电器有限公司 | Current-limiting protection circuit of direct-current motor |
| CN104996091A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-10-28 | 包头市北工机械有限公司 | People-assisted electric mower capable of feeding back electric power |
| CN105935016A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-09-14 | 常州格力博有限公司 | Power head and hay mower with same |
| CN107599904A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-01-19 | 宁波惠尔顿婴童安全科技股份有限公司 | A kind of child safety seat electronic warning system |
| CN107599904B (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2024-05-28 | 宁波惠尔顿婴童安全科技股份有限公司 | Electronic alarm system of child safety seat |
| CN112103906A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-12-18 | 深圳天邦达科技有限公司 | Short-circuit protection circuit, power supply, electric equipment and short-circuit protection system |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20130814 Effective date of abandoning: 20141022 |
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