CN203112578U - Live sand preparation device - Google Patents

Live sand preparation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203112578U
CN203112578U CN2013200906996U CN201320090699U CN203112578U CN 203112578 U CN203112578 U CN 203112578U CN 2013200906996 U CN2013200906996 U CN 2013200906996U CN 201320090699 U CN201320090699 U CN 201320090699U CN 203112578 U CN203112578 U CN 203112578U
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reaction vessel
nitrite
fine sand
ammonia
seawater
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CN2013200906996U
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Chinese (zh)
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宋志文
徐爱玲
郑远
吴等等
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Qingdao University of Technology
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Qingdao University of Technology
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of purification of water in aquariums, and relates to a live sand preparation device. An aerator pipe is manufactured at the bottom of a reaction vessel, and is in pipe connection with an aeration pump outside the reaction vessel; two temperature control instruments are fixedly manufactured on the inner parts on the left side and the right side of the reaction vessel; the reaction vessel is filled with fine sand; the grain size of the fine sand is 1-3 mm; the height of the fine sand does not exceed two third of that of the reaction vessel; the liquid level of seawater in the reaction vessel is 80-30 cm higher than the height of the fine sand; a water inlet pipe is manufactured at the position, close to the bottom, on the right side of a circulating pump in a communication manner; the bottom end of the reaction vessel is communicated with the circulating pump through the water inlet pipe; a water outlet pipe is manufactured at the upper end of the circulating pump in a communication manner; and the top end of the reaction vessel is communicated with the circulating pump through the water outlet pipe. The live sand preparation device has a simple structure, is safe to use, is simple and convenient in preparation method, is reliable in principle, is low in cost, shortens the cylinder opening time, and is applicable to water purification and cylinder opening processes of a seawater aquarium and a sea farming system.

Description

The husky preparation facilities of a kind of work
Technical field:
The utility model belongs to aquarium water purification technology field, relate to the husky preparation facilities of a kind of work, utilize the sand alive of this device preparation can remove ammonia and nitrite in the seawater aquarium water body simultaneously, realize the quick startup of aquarium and aquaculture system nitrification function.
Background technology:
In viewing and admiring the Shui nationality, the seawater aquarium fish is because beautiful in colour, and form is colourful, and is popular in medium-to-high grade famous and precious aquarium fish, but because seawater culture of ornamental fish difficulty is big, technical requirements is high, has restricted its development, wherein water purification technology is most important.Fish drain the residual bait of, ight soil, and to decompose the ammonia that produces and nitrite be main toxic substance in the seawater aquarium, and ammonia can destroy the gill tissue of fish, makes that red blood corpuscle loses the ability of being combined with oxygen in the blood, and breathing function descends, even loses vigor; Nitrite can make oxyphorase change into methemoglobin, makes blood present brown, becomes " brown blood disease ".It has been generally acknowledged that a normal seawater aquarium ammonia nitrogen concentration should be controlled below 0.1mg/L, the nitrous acid nitrogen concentration should be controlled below 0.3mg/L.Ammonia and nitrite mainly adopt biological process to remove in the seawater aquarium, in treating processes, ammonia oxidizing bacteria (ammonium-oxidizing bacteria, AOB) ammonia is converted into nitrite, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB) then further nitrite is converted into nitrate, owing to ammonia and nitrite can be converted into avirulent nitrate by nitrobacteria in this process (AOB and NOB), therefore in seawater aquarium purification of water quality, bring into play keying action.Ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria belong to chemoautotrophic bacteria, utilize the oxidation inorganic nitrogen as energy derive, have growth and breeding speed slow, environmental factor changed characteristic such as sensitivity, make it with the competition of heterotrophic bacterium in be in a disadvantageous position; High cl content can suppress the oxidation of ammonia in the seawater in addition, more obvious to the effect of nitrous acid nitrogen inhibition of oxidation, thereby has prolonged the time that the seawater aquarium has complete nitrification greatly.Generally speaking, nitrification function is set up and need just can be finished in 40～80 days in the new seawater aquarium.Therefore seawater aquarium fish fan will experience a very long cylinder process of opening, and after only opening the cylinder process and finishing, could throw in aquarium fish in aquarium.
To be different microorganisms monoid (heterotrophic bacterium, ammonia oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria) be tending towards the process of the eubiosis by ecological imbalance to the essence of opening the cylinder process, and in this process, ammonia and nitrite content can present regular the variation; At first, after new cylinder (pond) water body and filtrate exist heterotrophic bacterium, ammonia oxidation bacteria and the NOB of some amount, add nutrition, heterotrophic bacterium enlivens gradually, organism discharges ammonia simultaneously in absorbing transformation cylinder (pond), and ammonia oxidizing bacteria is converted into nitrite with ammonia again.Because the proliferative speed of this two bacterioid differs greatly, Nitrite bacteria general generation time is 24～36 hours, and heterotrophic bacterium only about 20 minutes, thereby make its initial stage too greatly different in new cylinder (pond) quantity.Along with heterotrophic bacterium breeds, metabolite ammonia also constantly increases, and absorbs outside the consumption scope when ammonia content exceeds ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and under ammonia is accumulated rapidly in water body, and rising reaches peak value gradually.Thereafter, along with ammonia oxidizing bacteria is constantly rised in value, quantity is more and more, and ammoxidation strengthens gradually, and ammonia nitrogen concentration begins to descend gradually, and nitrite concentration begins to raise gradually thereupon, and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria begins to play a role.Compare with ammonia oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria for the time longer, therefore the conversion of nitrite is more slow, cause nitrite to accumulate gradually and peak value occurs, along with constantly increasing to reach, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria quantity is enough to remove fully after the nitrite, the seawater aquarium is just set up perfect nitrification function, namely finishes out the cylinder process.The peak value of opening ammonia in the cylinder process is caused by heterotrophic bacterium and ammonia oxidizing bacteria quantity imbalance, the peak value of nitrite is then caused by ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria quantity imbalance, and the quantity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria has directly determined the size of two peak values, as long as have the existence of enough ammonia oxidizing bacterias and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria and ratio suitable in the new pond (cylinder), accumulation just can not appear in ammonia and nitrite.Therefore, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria exist its quantity and ratio in the seawater aquarium, just become to shorten the key factor of opening the cylinder process.
At present the method for commonly used quickening nitrification Time Created comprises and utilizes old filter material or filter sand to transplant nitrobacteria, carrion method and add artificial nitrobacteria etc., the principle of these methods mainly is to shorten out the cylinder time by the mode that increases initial nitrification bacterium (ammonia oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria) quantity or interpolation nutritive salt, still ammonia and two peak values of nitrite will occur but open the cylinder process, the time still will continue for 1 week to several weeks.Fine sand is filtrate commonly used in the seawater aquarium, can be added in the strainer or as bed-sit and use, and except good strainability, can also play aquarium and the effect of stable seawater pH value of decorating.
Summary of the invention:
Goal of the invention of the present utility model is to overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists, and seeks to provide a kind of work husky preparation facilities, can set up the nitrification function of seawater aquarium by the sand alive of this device cultivation in the short period of time (1～2 day), finishes out the cylinder process.
To achieve these goals, agent structure of the present utility model comprises temperature controller, recycle pump, rising pipe, water inlet pipe, aeration pump, aeration tube, seawater, fine sand and reaction vessel; The square box body that the reaction vessel of box uncovered structure is made for PVC materials processing, or be the artificial cement pit of building; Reaction container bottom is shaped on aeration tube, and aeration tube is connected with the aeration pump duct type of reaction vessel outside, the dissolved oxygen content in the aeration pump control reaction vessel; Fixedly be shaped on two temperature controllers on the inside of the reaction vessel left and right sides, be used for controlling the temperature in the reaction vessel; Be filled with fine sand in the reaction vessel, the particle diameter of fine sand is 1～3mm, and fine sand adopts coral sand or Philippines's sand or two kinds of combinations commonly used in the seawater aquarium, and the height of fine sand is no more than 2/3rds of reaction vessel height; Seawater in the reaction vessel is natural sea-water or artificial seawater, and the liquid level of seawater exceeds the height 80～30cm of fine sand; The recycle pump right side is shaped on water inlet pipe near the bottom position communication type, and the bottom of reaction vessel is communicated with recycle pump by water inlet pipe; Recycle pump upper end communication type is shaped on rising pipe, and the top of reaction vessel is communicated with recycle pump by rising pipe, the recycling of realization response container maritime interior waters.
When the utility model uses, utilize fine sand as the carrier of attached growth of microorganisms, interpolation order by ammonium salt and nitrite in the regulation and control culturing process, addition and culture condition, make it adhere to larger amt and suitable ammonia oxidizing bacteria and the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria of ratio, fine sand is had simultaneously ammonia is converted into nitrite, further be converted into the function of nitrate then, fine sand is applied to can remove ammonia and nitrite in the water body simultaneously fast behind the aquarium, ammonia and nitrite accumulation can not occur thereby make to hold in the cylinder process, realize the quick startup of aquarium nitrification function; Specifically comprise the steps:
(1), in reaction vessel, add fine sand, the height of fine sand is no more than 2/3rds of reaction vessel height, adds seawater then, the liquid level of seawater exceeds fine sand 20～30cm, it is standby to add liquid microelement in 0.2～0.4 ‰ (V/V) ratio; Liquid microelement is by zinc sulfate (ZnSO 47H 2O) 0.287mg, copper sulfate (CuSO 45H 2O) 7.5mg, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl 24H 2O) 14.85mg, ironic citrate (FeC 6H 5O 75H 2O) 3.9g, Sodium orthomolybdate (NaMoO 45H 2O) 6.8mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 2.4mg, CoCL2 (CoCl 26H 2O) 12mg and single nickel salt (NiSO 46H 2O) 2.4mg is dissolved in the 1000ml distilled water formulated;
(2), start aeration pump and temperature controller, the temperature in the control reaction vessel is 25～35 ℃, the pH value is 8.0～8.5, dissolved oxygen content is 2.5～6.0mg/L, adds nitrite reagent in reaction vessel, making the nitrite nitrogen content is 100～200mg/L; The variation of dissolved oxygen content, pH value and nitrite nitrogen content in ON cycle pump and the periodic monitoring reaction vessel; When the nitrite nitrogen content is lower than 10mg/L, add nitrite reagent again, making the nitrite nitrogen content is 100～200mg/L; Repeat 4～6 times, the removal effect for the treatment of nitrite nitrogen is that 24h removes 100mg/L when above, stops to add nitrite reagent; The nitrite reagent that adds is Sodium Nitrite or potassium nitrite;
(3), again add ammonium salt reagent in the standby reaction vessel, making ammonia-nitrogen content is 50～100mg/L; The variation of dissolved oxygen content, pH value, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen content in the periodic monitoring reaction vessel; When can not detecting ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen content and being lower than 10mg/L, add ammonium salt reagent again, making ammonia-nitrogen content is 50～100mg/L; Repeat 2～4 times, in 24h, the 50mg/L ammonia nitrogen can be converted into nitrite nitrogen, and further be converted into nitrate nitrogen, when the nitrite nitrogen content is not higher than 5mg/L, stop to add ammonium salt reagent; The ammonium salt reagent that adds is ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate or volatile salt;
(4), in reaction vessel, add nitrite reagent again, making the nitrite nitrogen content is 100～200mg/L; When being lower than 10mg/L to the nitrite nitrogen content, add nitrite reagent again, repeat 2～4 times, finish the culturing process of fine sand, preparation survives husky product.
The utility model is cultivated when living sand for the first time, is to accelerate cultivation speed, adds commercially available nitrobacteria bacterium liquid 5～10%(V/V) in the reaction unit; When cultivating again, utilize the cultured husky seed as nitrobacteria of living, before in reaction vessel, adding fine sand, earlier at the cultured sand of living of reaction container bottom shop one deck, every shop 10～20cm fine sand, the cultured sand of living of shop one deck, the husky addition control of living is 10～20%(V/V); Nitrification is acid process, and pH descends in the husky culturing process of living, and adjusts pH by adding alkali, and alkali adopts 20%(W/V) aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or yellow soda ash; Increase along with nitrobacteria quantity in the culturing process, can cause that dissolved oxygen content changes in the culture apparatus, adjust dissolved oxygen content by changing aeration rate.
The sand alives of the utility model preparation can directly use, or cultured living huskyly taken out from reaction vessel, moves in plastic tank or the plastics bag, adds the sterilization artificial seawater to submergence, seal then standby, active maintenance 8～12 months.
The utility model compared with prior art, the apparatus structure of its use is simple, uses safety, the preparation method is easy, principle is reliable, cost is low, shortens and opens the cylinder time, is applicable to the purification of water quality of seawater aquarium (shop) and sea farming system and opens the cylinder process.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is agent structure principle schematic of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 opens ammonia nitrogen in the cylinder process, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen changing conditions for the sand alive of the utility model preparation.
Fig. 3 opens ammonia nitrogen in the cylinder process, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen changing conditions for carrion method among the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 4 is control group ammonia nitrogen among the utility model embodiment, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen changing conditions.
Embodiment:
Also the invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings below by embodiment.
Present embodiment is finished in the husky preparation facilities of living, utilize fine sand as the carrier of attached growth of microorganisms, interpolation order by ammonium salt and nitrite in the regulation and control culturing process, addition and culture condition, make it adhere to larger amt and suitable ammonia oxidizing bacteria and the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria of ratio, fine sand is had simultaneously ammonia is converted into nitrite, further be converted into the function of nitrate then, fine sand is applied to can remove ammonia and nitrite in the water body simultaneously fast behind the aquarium, ammonia and nitrite accumulation can not occur thereby make to hold in the cylinder process, realize the quick startup of aquarium nitrification function; Specifically comprise the steps:
(1), in reaction vessel 9, add fine sand 8, the height of fine sand 8 is no more than 2/3rds of reaction vessel 9 height, adds seawater 7 then, the liquid level of seawater 7 exceeds fine sand 820～30cm, and is standby by 0.2～0.4 ‰ (V/V) ratio adding liquid microelement; Liquid microelement is by zinc sulfate (ZnSO 47H 2O) 0.287mg, copper sulfate (CuSO 45H 2O) 7.5mg, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl 24H 2O) 14.85mg, ironic citrate (FeC 6H 5O 75H 2O) 3.9g, Sodium orthomolybdate (NaMoO 45H 2O) 6.8mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 2.4mg, CoCL2 (CoCl 26H 2O) 12mg and single nickel salt (NiSO 46H 2O) 2.4mg is dissolved in the 1000ml distilled water formulated;
(2), start aeration pump 5 and temperature controller 1, temperature in the control reaction vessel 9 is 25～35 ℃, and the pH value is 8.0～8.5, and dissolved oxygen content is 2.5～6.0mg/L, add nitrite reagent in reaction vessel 9, making the nitrite nitrogen content is 100～200mg/L; The variation of dissolved oxygen content, pH value and nitrite nitrogen content in ON cycle pump 2 and the periodic monitoring reaction vessel 9; When the nitrite nitrogen content is lower than 10mg/L, add nitrite reagent again, making the nitrite nitrogen content is 100～200mg/L; Repeat 4～6 times, the removal effect for the treatment of nitrite nitrogen is that 24h removes 100mg/L when above, stops to add nitrite reagent; The nitrite reagent that adds is Sodium Nitrite or potassium nitrite;
(3), again add ammonium salt reagent in the standby reaction vessel 9, making ammonia-nitrogen content is 50～100mg/L; The variation of dissolved oxygen content, pH value, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen content in the periodic monitoring reaction vessel 9; When can not detecting ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen content and being lower than 10mg/L, add ammonium salt reagent again, making ammonia-nitrogen content is 50～100mg/L; Repeat 2～4 times, in 24h, the 50mg/L ammonia nitrogen can be converted into nitrite nitrogen, and further be converted into nitrate nitrogen, when the nitrite nitrogen content is not higher than 5mg/L, stop to add ammonium salt reagent; The ammonium salt reagent that adds is ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate or volatile salt;
(4), in reaction vessel 9, add nitrite reagent again, making the nitrite nitrogen content is 100～200mg/L; When being lower than 10mg/L to the nitrite nitrogen content, add nitrite reagent again, repeat 2～4 times, finish the culturing process of fine sand, preparation survives husky product.
The agent structure of the husky preparation facilities of work that present embodiment relates to comprises temperature controller 1, recycle pump 2, rising pipe 3, water inlet pipe 4, aeration pump 5, aeration tube 6, seawater 7, fine sand 8 and reaction vessel 9; The square box body that the reaction vessel 9 of box uncovered structure is made for PVC materials processing, or be the artificial cement pit of building; Reaction vessel 9 bottoms are shaped on aeration tube 6, and aeration tube 6 is connected with aeration pump 5 duct types of reaction vessel 9 outsides, the dissolved oxygen content in the aeration pump 5 control reaction vessels 9; Fixedly be shaped on two temperature controllers 1 on the inside of reaction vessel 9 left and right sides, be used for controlling the temperature in the reaction vessel 9; Be filled with fine sand 8 in the reaction vessel 9, the particle diameter of fine sand 8 is 1～3mm, and fine sand 8 adopts coral sand or Philippines's sand or two kinds of combinations commonly used in the seawater aquarium, and the height of fine sand 8 is no more than 2/3rds of reaction vessel 9 height; Seawater 7 in the reaction vessel 9 is natural sea-water or artificial seawater, and the liquid level of seawater 7 exceeds the height 80～30cm of fine sand 8; Recycle pump 2 right sides are shaped on water inlet pipe 4 near the bottom position communication type, and the bottom of reaction vessel 9 is communicated with recycle pump 2 by water inlet pipe 4; Recycle pump 2 upper end communication types are shaped on rising pipe 3, and the top of reaction vessel 9 is communicated with recycle pump 2 by rising pipe 3, the recycling of realization response container 9 maritime interior waters 7.
Embodiment 1:
Present embodiment adopts fluorescence in situ hybridization technique (FISH) that ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria quantity in 9 samples that utilize this method to cultivate sand alive are analyzed, full bacterium is adopted the EUBmix probe, the FITC fluorescent mark, ammonia oxidizing bacteria is adopted the NSO1225 probe, the Cyts fluorescent mark, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria is adopted the NIT3 probe, the Cyts fluorescent mark, and the result is as shown in table 1; As can be seen from the table, ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) average content is 38.7%, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) average content is 62.9%, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria quantity is obviously more than ammonia oxidizing bacteria quantity, present embodiment can be regulated and control the ratio of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, make the nitrite peak value in holding the cylinder process, can not occur or only occur than low peak, open the cylinder time thereby shorten.
Table 1: ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria FISH detected result in the sand of living
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00003369412600061
Embodiment 2:
Present embodiment compares test with 3 small-sized seawater aquariums, and aquarium is made by ultra-clear glasses, is of a size of 400 * 300 * 300mm, and thickness of glass is 8mm; The sand alive that aquarium 1# adopts present embodiment to cultivate is opened cylinder, and the cylinder bottom shop is husky with living of Philippines's sand preparation, and thickness is 5cm; Aquarium 3# is control group, does not add the husky and dead fish that lives, cylinder bottom shop Philippines sand, and thickness is 5cm; 3 aquariums all add the artificial seawater 30L of preparation then, and with 28 ℃ of heating rod control temperature, aeration pump aeration, 3 cylinders all add 2 gram granular bait for fish as nutrition source; Regularly detect the index of aquarium ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, the changing conditions of each index is seen Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 in the experimentation; As can be seen from the figure, adopt the micromicrofarad of living to open cylinder, only detected ammonia nitrogen (0.2mg/L) at the 2nd day, all the other times all do not detect ammonia nitrogen and nitrite salt nitrogen, but nitrate nitrogen raises all the time, illustrates to have nitrifying process, can finish out the cylinder process 2 days left and right sides time; The carrion method is opened the cylinder ammonia nitrogen and was occurred peak value at the 6th day, and peak value appearred on the 10th day in nitrite nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen began not detect in the 21st day, and opening cylinder approximately needs 20 days left and right sides time; Peak value appearred in the control group ammonia nitrogen at the 10th day, peak value appearred on the 22nd day in nitrite nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen began not detect in the 42nd day, and opening cylinder needs more than 40 day, is considerably slower than micromicrofarad alive and carrion method.

Claims (1)

1. the husky preparation facilities of work is characterized in that agent structure comprises temperature controller, recycle pump, rising pipe, water inlet pipe, aeration pump, aeration tube, seawater, fine sand and reaction vessel; The reaction container bottom of box uncovered structure is shaped on aeration tube, and aeration tube is connected with the aeration pump duct type of reaction vessel outside; Fixedly be shaped on two temperature controllers on the inside of the reaction vessel left and right sides; Be filled with fine sand in the reaction vessel, the particle diameter of fine sand is 1～3mm, and the height of fine sand is no more than 2/3rds of reaction vessel height; The liquid level of seawater exceeds the height 80～30cm of fine sand in the reaction vessel; The recycle pump right side is shaped on water inlet pipe near the bottom position communication type, and the bottom of reaction vessel is communicated with recycle pump by water inlet pipe; Recycle pump upper end communication type is shaped on rising pipe, and the top of reaction vessel is communicated with recycle pump by rising pipe.
CN2013200906996U 2013-02-27 2013-02-27 Live sand preparation device Expired - Fee Related CN203112578U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104946527A (en) * 2015-06-26 2015-09-30 青岛理工大学 Culturing device for formaldehyde degradation bacteria

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104946527A (en) * 2015-06-26 2015-09-30 青岛理工大学 Culturing device for formaldehyde degradation bacteria

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