CN203084560U - Sun light irradiation angle tracking system for solar panel - Google Patents
Sun light irradiation angle tracking system for solar panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN203084560U CN203084560U CN 201220691739 CN201220691739U CN203084560U CN 203084560 U CN203084560 U CN 203084560U CN 201220691739 CN201220691739 CN 201220691739 CN 201220691739 U CN201220691739 U CN 201220691739U CN 203084560 U CN203084560 U CN 203084560U
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- current generator
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a sun light irradiation angle tracking system for a solar panel, and belongs to the solar power generation technology field. The system mainly comprises solar panels, a gear set, a tooth bar, elevating support rods, a voltage sampling circuit, a DC motor, a DC motor drive controller, a non-transparent plastic plate, an angle measuring chip and the like; a basic principle is that according to changes of an angle between the sun light and an east-west horizontal direction and of an angle between the sun light and an south-north horizontal direction, in order to make the solar panel to receive vertical incident sun light, the angle between the solar panel and the east-west horizontal direction and the angle between the solar panel and the south-north horizontal direction need to be automatically changed. The system can fast realize a purpose that the sun light can vertically enter the solar panel. The sun light irradiation angle tracking system for the solar panel can improve power generating efficiency of the solar panel, improves day average and year average power generating capacity of the solar panel, is simple and reasonable in structure, low in cost, and can reach energy saving requirements.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to technical field of solar utilization technique, is specifically related to be used for the solar light irradiation angle-tracking system of solar panels.
Background technology
Sun power is one of topmost regenerative resource on the earth, has advantages such as reserves are big, distribution is wide, cleanliness without any pollution, is the most important energy sources of Future Social Development.At present, the utilization of sun power is mainly comprised photo-thermal effect and two aspects of photovoltaic effect, wherein, the research of photovoltaic power generation technology and application have huge development space.
Solar electrical energy generation is meant and utilizes photovoltaic solar panel that conversion of solar energy is become electric energy that the efficient of photovoltaic generation is meant that photovoltaic cell output electric energy accounts for the number percent of the sun power irradiation in the unit area.Because be subjected to the restriction of photovoltaic cell material itself, the photoelectric transformation efficiency of photovoltaic battery panel generally has only between 14% ~ 20%, the highlyest be no more than 40%; Another factor that influences photoelectric transformation efficiency is the installation method of photovoltaic battery panel, i.e. the design of pitch angle and elevation angle.The selection of elevation angle is main foundation with local latitude and floor area generally, and in specific latitude area, the design of elevation angle is fairly simple; The design at pitch angle generally follow the annual electricity generating capacity equilibrium principle or summer the generated energy maximum principle etc., no matter be the sort of principle, all there is the pitch angle in case the fixing problem that just can't change has so just caused the day of photovoltaic battery panel, annual electricity generating capacity to reduce greatly.The utility model just is being based on this problem, has proposed a kind of maximum irradiation autotracker of photovoltaic cell of practicality, can improve day, the annual electricity generating capacity of photovoltaic battery panel to greatest extent.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is for improving the generating efficiency of photovoltaic cell, increase day, annual electricity generating capacity provides a kind of practicality, be used for the solar light irradiation angle-tracking system of solar panels fast, accurately.For reaching this purpose, the utility model adopts following technical scheme.
A kind of solar light irradiation angle-tracking system that is used for solar panels, it comprises first solar panels, second solar panels, plastic opaque plate, liftable support bar, voltage sampling circuit, DC motor controller, direct current generator and angular transducer; First solar panels on one side, one side of second solar panels is fixed together with one side of plastic plate, and described first solar panels, second solar panels are in the same plane, and this plane is vertical with the ABS plate; The below on described plane is provided with the liftable support bar that is used to regulate described plane and solar light irradiation angular separation, the liftable support bar is driven by described direct current generator, direct current generator is electrically connected with DC motor controller, on the fixing described plane of angular transducer, voltage sampling circuit first solar panels that are used to sample, the output voltage of second solar panels and angular transducer also is transferred to DC motor controller with sampled result, and described angular transducer is used to detect the angle of described plane and North and South direction and detection signal is sent to DC motor controller by voltage sampling circuit.
Further optimize, described liftable support bar has four, comprises the first liftable support bar, the second liftable support bar, the 3rd liftable support bar, the 4th liftable support bar, and they are connected with the mid point of the four edges on described plane respectively.
Further optimize, described direct current generator has four, comprise first direct current generator, second direct current generator, the 3rd direct current generator, the 4th direct current generator, they are connected with the first liftable support bar, the second liftable support bar, the 3rd liftable support bar, the 4th liftable support bar respectively, each direct current generator is independently controlled the lifting of a liftable support bar, and the rotation of direct current generator is controlled by DC motor controller.
Further optimize, the output of first solar panels is connected with first input of voltage sampling circuit, the output of second solar panels is connected with second input of voltage sampling circuit, the output of angular transducer is connected with the 3rd input of voltage sampling circuit, the output of voltage sampling circuit is connected with the input of DC motor controller, first output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of first direct current generator, second output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of second direct current generator, the 3rd output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of the 3rd direct current generator, the 4th output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of the 4th direct current generator, first rotor DC machine is connected with the first liftable support bar with tooth bar by gear, second rotor DC machine is connected with the second liftable support bar with tooth bar by gear, the 3rd rotor DC machine by gear and tooth bar with can be connected by the 3rd lift supporting rod, the 4th rotor DC machine is connected with the 4th liftable support bar with tooth bar by gear.
Further optimize, voltage sampling circuit comprises modulus conversion chip ADC0809, the first input end of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as the first input end of voltage sampling circuit, second input end of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as second input end of voltage sampling circuit, the 3rd input end of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as the 3rd input end of voltage sampling circuit, and the output terminal of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as the output terminal of voltage sampling circuit.
Further optimize, DC motor controller comprises single-chip microcomputer, a H bridge circuit, the 2nd H bridge circuit, the 3rd H bridge circuit and the 4th H bridge circuit, the input end of the one H bridge circuit, the 2nd H bridge circuit, the 3rd H bridge circuit and the 4th H bridge circuit all is connected with single-chip microcomputer separately, and the output of a H bridge circuit, the 2nd H bridge circuit, the 3rd H bridge circuit and the 4th H bridge circuit all is connected with the input end of first direct current generator, second direct current generator, the 3rd direct current generator, the 4th direct current generator accordingly separately.
Further optimize, each H bridge circuit in the described DC motor controller all comprises first field effect transistor, second field effect transistor, first electric capacity, second electric capacity, the grid of first field effect transistor is as the first input end of H bridge circuit, the grid of second field effect transistor is as second input end of H bridge circuit, the drain electrode of first field effect transistor is connected with an end of first electric capacity, the drain electrode of the source electrode of first field effect transistor and second field effect transistor is connected all and is connected with an end of direct current generator, one end of the other end of first electric capacity and second electric capacity all is connected with the other end of direct current generator, and the other end of second electric capacity is connected with the source electrode of second field effect transistor.
Ultimate principle of the present utility model is: because the solar noon sun height of sunshine is relevant with latitude, and the solar noon sun height in the same latitude area 1 year changes with fate, so will make sunshine can both sun tabula rasa and the horizontal angle of North and South direction can be regulated automatically with the horizontal variable angle of every day sunshine and North and South direction with the incident angle incident solar panels of 90 degree every day; Be adjusted at solar panels and North and South direction horizontal line and made the condition following time of solar energy with 90 degree incident sun tabula rasas, in every day, the horizontal angle of sunshine and east-west direction is time dependent, thus to make solar energy with 90 degree incident solar panels must make solar panels and the horizontal angle of east-west direction can be with the variation of sunshine and thing horizontal line angle automatic adjusting angle; At first regulate the horizontal angle of solar panels and east-west direction, system comprises two solar panels, two solar panels are separated by the plastic opaque plate, when sunshine is not during with an angle of 90 degrees incident solar panels, then the plastic opaque plate will be therein solar panels produce shade and make voltage that two solar panels produce unequal, by voltage sampling circuit with the sampling of this voltage difference and flow to DC motor controller, DC motor controller according to voltage difference just/bear control direct current generator just/counter-rotating, reach the purpose of regulating solar panels and the horizontal angle of east-west direction.For example, when on second solar panels shade being arranged, then the voltage of second solar panels will be lower than the voltage of first solar panels, should raise the second liftable support bar this moment by the control motor, just no longer control machine operation when the second liftable support bar is increased to when the voltage that makes second solar panels and first solar panels equates, allow sunshine with incident angle incident solar panels near an angle of 90 degrees thereby reach; When the voltage of first solar panels is lower than the voltage of second solar panels, should raise the 4th liftable support bar this moment by the control motor, then no longer control machine operation when the voltage that is increased to the voltage that makes first solar panels and second solar panels when the 4th liftable support bar equates, allow sunshine with incident angle incident solar panels near an angle of 90 degrees thereby reach.Regulating solar panels and the horizontal angle of North and South direction is to be transported to be transported in the DC motor controller in the voltage sampling circuit by the voltage that voltage and solar panels with the measured angle generation of angular transducer produce to preserve again, and writing time, the data of local latitude of compiling and the solar noon sun height that changes according to the rule in time of this latitude in the program of the single-chip microcomputer of DC motor controller, the voltage signal of record is changed and compared with the data of solar noon sun height, if the angle (the horizontal angle in solar panels and north and south) of this moment record greater than the best effort angle on the same day (when sun power is spent the incident solar panels with 90, the horizontal angle in solar panels and north and south) time, thereby then should raise or reduce the 3rd liftable support bar and reduce the horizontal angle of solar panels and north and south by the control DC MOTOR CONTROL first liftable support bar, the angle signal that sends when angular transducer is then no longer controlled direct current generator work with the best effort angle (when sun power is spent the incident solar panels with 90, solar panels and the horizontal angle in north and south) on the same day when equating at last.If the angle (the horizontal angle in solar panels and north and south) of this moment record less than the best effort angle on the same day (when sun power is spent the incident solar panels with 90, the horizontal angle in solar panels and north and south) time, thereby then should reduce or the 3rd liftable support bar rising increase solar panels and the horizontal angle in north and south by the control DC MOTOR CONTROL first liftable support bar, the angle signal that sends when angular transducer 4 is then no longer controlled direct current generator work with the best effort angle (when sun power is spent the incident solar panels with 90, solar panels and the horizontal angle in north and south) on the same day when equating at last.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following advantage and beneficial effect:
(1) a kind of practicable solar panels irradiating angle tracker of the present utility model, system architecture is comparatively simple, does not need externally fed, can realize sunshine vertical incidence solar panels apace.
(2) proposition of the present utility model helps improving the generating efficiency of solar panels, increases solar panels day, average annual energy output; Of the present utility model simple and reasonable for structure, and cost is lower, can reach energy-conservation requirement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the simplified diagram that is used for the solar light irradiation angle-tracking system of solar panels;
Fig. 2 is that solar panels and horizontal direction angle are regulated synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a H bridge circuit synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the utility model is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present utility model is not limited thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of solar light irradiation angle-tracking system that is used for solar panels, comprise first solar panels 1, second solar panels 2, plastic opaque plate 3, liftable support bar, voltage sampling circuit, DC motor controller, direct current generator and angular transducer 4; First solar panels 1 on one side, one side of second solar panels 2 is fixed together with one side of plastic plate, and described first solar panels 1, second solar panels 2 are in the same plane, and this plane is vertical with the ABS plate; The below on described plane is provided with the liftable support bar that is used to regulate described plane and solar light irradiation angular separation, and the liftable support bar is driven by described direct current generator, and direct current generator is electrically connected with DC motor controller, on the fixing described plane of angular transducer.As Fig. 2, voltage sampling circuit be used to the sample output voltage (V1, V2, V3) of first solar panels 1, second solar panels 2 and angular transducer 9 and sampled result is transferred to DC motor controller, described angular transducer 4 is used to detect the angle of described plane and North and South direction and detection signal is sent to DC motor controller by voltage sampling circuit.The first liftable support bar 5, the second liftable support bar 6.First direct current generator 10, second direct current generator 11, the 3rd direct current generator 12, the 4th direct current generator 13 are connected with the first liftable support bar 5, the second liftable support bar 6, the 3rd liftable support bar 7, the 4th liftable support bar 8 respectively, each direct current generator is independently controlled the lifting of a liftable support bar, and the rotation of direct current generator is controlled by DC motor controller.
As Fig. 2, the output of first solar panels 1 is connected with first input of voltage sampling circuit, the output of second solar panels 2 is connected with second input of voltage sampling circuit, the output of angular transducer 9 is connected with the 3rd input of voltage sampling circuit, the output of voltage sampling circuit is connected with the input of DC motor controller, first output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of first direct current generator 10, second output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of second direct current generator 11, the 3rd output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of the 3rd direct current generator 12, the 4th output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of the 4th direct current generator 13, the rotor of first direct current generator 10 is connected with the first liftable support bar 5 with tooth bar 202 by gear 201, the rotor of second direct current generator 11 is connected with the second liftable support bar 6 with tooth bar by gear, the rotor of the 3rd direct current generator 12 by gear and tooth bar with can be connected by the 3rd lift supporting rod 7, the rotor of the 4th direct current generator 13 is connected with the 4th liftable support bar 8 with tooth bar by gear.
In this example, voltage sampling circuit comprises modulus conversion chip ADC0809, the first input end of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as the first input end of voltage sampling circuit, second input end of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as second input end of voltage sampling circuit, the 3rd input end of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as the 3rd input end of voltage sampling circuit, and the output terminal of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as the output terminal of voltage sampling circuit.DC motor controller comprises single-chip microcomputer, a H bridge circuit, the 2nd H bridge circuit, the 3rd H bridge circuit and the 4th H bridge circuit, the input end of the one H bridge circuit, the 2nd H bridge circuit, the 3rd H bridge circuit and the 4th H bridge circuit all is connected with single-chip microcomputer separately, and the output of a H bridge circuit, the 2nd H bridge circuit, the 3rd H bridge circuit and the 4th H bridge circuit all is connected with the defeated end of first direct current generator 10, second direct current generator 11, the 3rd direct current generator 12, the 4th direct current generator accordingly separately.
As Fig. 3, each H bridge circuit in the described DC motor controller all comprises first field effect transistor 301, second field effect transistor 302, first electric capacity 303, second electric capacity 304, wherein M represents direct current generator, the grid of first field effect transistor is as the first input end of H bridge circuit, the grid of second field effect transistor is as second input end of H bridge circuit, the drain electrode of first field effect transistor is connected with an end of first electric capacity, the drain electrode of the source electrode of first field effect transistor and second field effect transistor is connected all and is connected with an end of direct current generator, one end of the other end of first electric capacity and second electric capacity all is connected with the other end of direct current generator, and the other end of second electric capacity is connected with the source electrode of second field effect transistor.
As Fig. 1, regulate the angle of solar panels and thing horizontal direction and regulate the angle of solar panels and north and south horizontal direction by the lifting of the first liftable support bar, 5, the second liftable support bars, 6, the three liftable support bars, 7, the four liftable support bars 8.
The adjusting of solar panels and thing horizontal direction angle in one day, the angle of hypothesis solar panels and north and south horizontal direction regulates earlier, in sunrise constantly, sunshine and thing horizontal direction parallel, to make sunshine 90 degree incident solar panels this moment, then need to make solar panels vertical with the thing horizontal line, the angle of setting solar panels this moment and thing horizontal direction is-90 degree, if this moment, the angle of sunshine and thing horizontal direction was 0 degree, when the angle of sunshine and thing horizontal direction is spent less than 180 greater than 0 degree, if sunshine is not the vertical incidence solar panels, and because the existence of plastic opaque plate 3 is arranged, then will on first solar panels 1 or second solar panels 2, produce shade, thereby then because first solar panels 1 are different with the voltage that second solar panels 2 produce with different first solar panels 1 that make of sunlight intensity that second solar panels 2 receive.As an example, if the voltage U 1 of first solar panels is greater than the voltage U 2 of second solar panels, then be transported to DC motor controller by the sample voltage U 1 of first solar panels 1 and the voltage U 2 of second solar panels 2 of sample circuit, DC motor controller according to voltage difference just/bear control direct current generator just/counter-rotating, reach the purpose of regulating solar panels and the horizontal angle of east-west direction; Giving an order as DC motor controller reduces by the first liftable support bar, sample the afterwards first new solar panels and the voltage of second solar panels again.
The adjusting of the angle of solar panels and north and south horizontal direction in 1 year, because this angle pace of change is slower, so generally can 1 day or one day with adjusted once, make solar panels and north and south horizontal direction that a suitable inclination angle is set earlier, angular transducer will produce a voltage signal V3 then, voltage sampling circuit sampled voltage signal V3 is transported to DC motor controller, single-chip microcomputer recording voltage signal V3 by DC motor controller, the single-chip microcomputer of DC motor controller need write down the time of this moment, the data of local latitude of compiling and the solar noon sun height that changes according to the rule in time of this latitude in the program of the single-chip microcomputer of DC motor controller, if the angle (the horizontal angle in solar panels and north and south) of this moment record greater than the best effort angle on the same day (when sun power is spent the incident solar panels with 90, the horizontal angle in solar panels and north and south) time, thereby then should raise or reduce the 3rd liftable support bar and reduce the horizontal angle of solar panels and north and south by the control DC MOTOR CONTROL first liftable support bar, the angle signal that sends when angular transducer 4 is then no longer controlled direct current generator work with the best effort angle (when sun power is spent the incident solar panels with 90, solar panels and the horizontal angle in north and south) on the same day when equating at last.If the angle (the horizontal angle in solar panels and north and south) of this moment record less than the best effort angle on the same day (when sun power is spent the incident solar panels with 90, the horizontal angle in solar panels and north and south) time, thereby then should reduce or the 3rd liftable support bar rising increase solar panels and the horizontal angle in north and south by the control DC MOTOR CONTROL first liftable support bar, the angle signal that sends when angular transducer 4 is then no longer controlled direct current generator work with the best effort angle (when sun power is spent the incident solar panels with 90, solar panels and the horizontal angle in north and south) on the same day when equating at last.
The foregoing description is the utility model preferred implementation; but embodiment of the present utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present utility model and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. solar light irradiation angle-tracking system that is used for solar panels, it is characterized in that comprising first solar panels, second solar panels, plastic opaque plate, liftable support bar, voltage sampling circuit, DC motor controller, direct current generator and angular transducer; First solar panels on one side, one side of second solar panels is fixed together with one side of plastic plate, and described first solar panels, second solar panels are in the same plane, and this plane is vertical with the ABS plate; The below on described plane is provided with the liftable support bar that is used to regulate described plane and solar light irradiation angular separation, the liftable support bar is driven by described direct current generator, direct current generator is electrically connected with DC motor controller, on the fixing described plane of angular transducer, voltage sampling circuit first solar panels that are used to sample, the output voltage of second solar panels and angular transducer also is transferred to DC motor controller with sampled result, and described angular transducer is used to detect the angle of described plane and North and South direction and detection signal is sent to DC motor controller by voltage sampling circuit.
2. a kind of solar energy illumination angle degree tracker that is used for solar panels according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described liftable support bar has four, comprise the first liftable support bar, the second liftable support bar, the 3rd liftable support bar, the 4th liftable support bar, they are connected with the mid point of the four edges on described plane respectively.
3. a kind of solar energy illumination angle degree tracker that is used for solar panels according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described direct current generator has four, comprise first direct current generator, second direct current generator, the 3rd direct current generator, the 4th direct current generator, they are connected with the first liftable support bar, the second liftable support bar, the 3rd liftable support bar, the 4th liftable support bar respectively, each direct current generator is independently controlled the lifting of a liftable support bar, and the rotation of direct current generator is controlled by DC motor controller.
4. a kind of solar energy illumination angle degree tracker that is used for solar panels according to claim 1, the output that it is characterized in that first solar panels is connected with first input of voltage sampling circuit, the output of second solar panels is connected with second input of voltage sampling circuit, the output of angular transducer is connected with the 3rd input of voltage sampling circuit, the output of voltage sampling circuit is connected with the input of DC motor controller, first output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of first direct current generator, second output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of second direct current generator, the 3rd output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of the 3rd direct current generator, the 4th output of DC motor controller is connected with the input of the 4th direct current generator, first rotor DC machine is connected with the first liftable support bar with tooth bar by gear, second rotor DC machine is connected with the second liftable support bar with tooth bar by gear, the 3rd rotor DC machine by gear and tooth bar with can be connected by the 3rd lift supporting rod, the 4th rotor DC machine is connected with the 4th liftable support bar with tooth bar by gear.
5. a kind of solar energy illumination angle degree tracker that is used for solar panels according to claim 1, it is characterized in that voltage sampling circuit comprises modulus conversion chip ADC0809, the first input end of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as the first input end of voltage sampling circuit, second input end of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as second input end of voltage sampling circuit, the 3rd input end of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as the 3rd input end of voltage sampling circuit, and the output terminal of analog-digital chip ADC0809 is as the output terminal of voltage sampling circuit.
6. a kind of solar energy illumination angle degree tracker that is used for solar panels according to claim 1, it is characterized in that DC motor controller comprises single-chip microcomputer, the one H bridge circuit, the 2nd H bridge circuit, the 3rd H bridge circuit and the 4th H bridge circuit, the one H bridge circuit, the 2nd H bridge circuit, the input end of the 3rd H bridge circuit and the 4th H bridge circuit all is connected with single-chip microcomputer separately, a H bridge circuit, the 2nd H bridge circuit, all corresponding separately and first direct current generator of the output of the 3rd H bridge circuit and the 4th H bridge circuit, second direct current generator, the 3rd direct current generator, the input end of the 4th direct current generator connects.
7. a kind of solar energy illumination angle degree tracker that is used for solar panels according to claim 5, it is characterized in that each the H bridge circuit in the described DC motor controller all comprises first field effect transistor, second field effect transistor, first electric capacity, second electric capacity, the grid of first field effect transistor is as the first input end of H bridge circuit, the grid of second field effect transistor is as second input end of H bridge circuit, the drain electrode of first field effect transistor is connected with an end of first electric capacity, the drain electrode of the source electrode of first field effect transistor and second field effect transistor is connected all and is connected with an end of direct current generator, one end of the other end of first electric capacity and second electric capacity all is connected with the other end of direct current generator, and the other end of second electric capacity is connected with the source electrode of second field effect transistor.
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CN 201220691739 CN203084560U (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | Sun light irradiation angle tracking system for solar panel |
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CN 201220691739 CN203084560U (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | Sun light irradiation angle tracking system for solar panel |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103049004A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-17 | 华南理工大学 | System for tracking sunlight irradiation angle of solar panel |
CN104283498A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-01-14 | 李文杨 | Self-rotating type solar device |
-
2012
- 2012-12-14 CN CN 201220691739 patent/CN203084560U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103049004A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-17 | 华南理工大学 | System for tracking sunlight irradiation angle of solar panel |
CN104283498A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-01-14 | 李文杨 | Self-rotating type solar device |
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