CN203036625U - Coal-fired unit steam thermal system - Google Patents
Coal-fired unit steam thermal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN203036625U CN203036625U CN 201220691668 CN201220691668U CN203036625U CN 203036625 U CN203036625 U CN 203036625U CN 201220691668 CN201220691668 CN 201220691668 CN 201220691668 U CN201220691668 U CN 201220691668U CN 203036625 U CN203036625 U CN 203036625U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a coal-fired unit steam thermal system. The coal-fired unit steam thermal system comprises a steam turbine and a boiler. The steam turbine is composed of a plurality of stages of air cylinders. A steam outlet of the boiler is connected with a steam inlet of the first stage of air cylinder of the steam turbine through a steam pipeline, a steam outlet of the first stage of air cylinder of the steam turbine is connected with a high-pressure heater, a reheater and a steam inlet of the second stage of air cylinder through pipelines sequentially, and so forth. A smoke-steam heat-exchange device is arranged between a smoke outlet pipeline and a steam pipeline of the boiler and converts smoke waste heat exhausted by the boiler into steam working fluid, then the steam working fluid is taken into the circulatory system to work, and therefore waste heat utilization is achieved. According the coal-fired unit steam thermal system, smoke heat energy is converted into cycle fluid heat energy of the steam turbine, any link of water supply and heating of the power plant thermal system can be modified, efficiency of the boiler is improved under the condition that efficiency of the steam turbine changes little, therefore the target of saving water is achieved, and combined efficiency of the whole steam thermal circulatory system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of power equipment, relates in particular to a kind of coal-fired unit steam heat power system.
Background technology
The coal-fired unit of modern ultra supercritical improves power plant thermal system efficient and has proposed new requirement for energy-saving and emission-reduction.
As shown in Figure 1, the thermal power steam turbine efficient of prior art routine improves feed temperature can improve the unit cycle efficieny, and conventional unit feed temperature is commonly 290 ℃, according to present coal-fired power generator turbine 1 vapour system rule, 10 ℃ of the every raisings of feed temperature, the steam turbine hear rate reduces 12kJ/kwh.A new generation's vapor (steam) temperature reaches 600 ℃, even 700 ℃ ultra supercritical unit, and for further improving cycle efficieny, steam turbine 1 feed temperature is generally above 325 ℃.
At high parameter double reheat unit, owing to increase the single reheat circulation, the steam turbine enthalpy drop is redistributed especially, and the ultra-high pressure cylinder 1-1 exhaust temperature of steam turbine 1 and high pressure cylinder 1-2 exhaust temperature are than high about 100 ~ 120 ℃ of single reheat unit high pressure exhaust temperature.The low-temperature reheater admission vapor (steam) temperature of boiler 1 increases, and reheater outlet cigarette temperature increases, and just enters the cigarette temperature rise of boiler 1 low-level (stack-gas) economizer.Because double reheat unit initial conditions is generally brought up to more than the 30MPa, and increased backheat progression in order further to improve cycle efficieny, make the unit optimum feed temperature improve 15 ~ 20 ℃ than the single reheat unit, the feed temperature that enters economizer is raise.Stronger than single reheat unit acting ability with the double reheat unit under the constant power, required gas mass flow reduces, and low-level (stack-gas) economizer heat exchange amount reduces.Feed temperature height, heat exchange reduce by two factors and directly cause the temperature rise of economizer exit cigarette, just enter the cigarette temperature rise of boiler 1 empty vapour preheater.The double reheat unit efficiency is higher than the single reheat unit, its unit quantity of electricity coal consumption amount reduces than single reheat, and the empty vapour consumption of unit specific load reduces, and empty vapour preheater heat exchange amount also just reduces, the cigarette temperature that in addition enters is high, and causing the air preheater outlet is that exhaust gas temperature raises.
Thermal Power Station is that the basis is carried out hot merit conversion and obtained electric energy with the Rankine cycle, and according to the analysis of calorimetry, the main thermal loss in power plant is because the heat extraction of steam turbine 1 cold source energy and boiler 2 flue gases loss causes.Heat loss due to exhaust gas is one maximum in boiler 2 every heat loss, and the exhaust gas temperature of station boiler 2 is generally 120～150 ℃, and corresponding heat loss is equivalent to 5%～12% of fuel heat.For high pressure high temperature turbosets, exhaust gas temperature generally reached more than 135 ℃ after feed temperature improved, and its loss is more exhausted big.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is: at above problem, provide a kind of coal-fired unit steam heat power system of novel structure.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:
A kind of coal-fired unit steam heat power system, comprise steam turbine and boiler, described steam turbine is made up of some grades of cylinders, the steam (vapor) outlet of boiler connects the steam inlet of the first order cylinder of steam turbine by jet chimney, the steam (vapor) outlet of the first order cylinder of steam turbine connects high-pressure heater by jet chimney successively, the steam inlet of reheater and second level cylinder, by that analogy, be provided with flue gas-steam heat exchanger between the exhanst gas outlet pipeline of described boiler and the jet chimney, the fume waste heat that flue gas-steam heat exchanger is discharged boiler exchanges to steam working medium, bring circulatory system acting into, realize the used heat utilization.
Described flue gas-steam heat exchanger is pipe type heat transfer device or plate-type heat-exchange device.
The smoke inlet of described flue gas-steam heat exchanger connects the exhanst gas outlet pipeline of boiler, and the smoke inlet place of flue gas-steam heat exchanger is provided with air intake valve.
Described air intake valve is provided with temperature detect switch (TDS).
The beneficial effect that the utility model produces is:
The utility model by the one cover flue gas-steam heat exchanger of serial or parallel connection in traditional therrmodynamic system, is steam turbine cycle fluid heat energy with the flue gas thermal power transfer based on the thermodynamic cycle basic principle.This flue gas-steam heat exchanger can be arranged on arbitrary link of power plant thermal system feedwater heating, can be arranged in the boiler, also can be arranged in outside the boiler.Coal-fired unit steam heat power of the present utility model system can reclaim boiler used heat guaranteeing that turbine efficiency changes under the little situation, improve boiler efficiency, thereby the overall efficiency of realizing whole steam circulation system improves, and can realize water saving target.The utility model can reach following good income:
(1) coal-fired unit steam heat power of the present utility model system can be reduced to 110 ℃ ~ 115 ℃ by 135 ℃ ~ 140 ℃ with exhaust gas temperature, and boiler efficiency is brought up to about 94.3 ~ 95% by 93% ~ 93.5%.Unit can realize that by this measure feed temperature brings up to 320 ~ 335 ℃, and thermal loss of steam turbine reduces more than the 40KJ, and the unit overall efficiency improves;
(2) by the utilization of flue gas heat energy, not only can solve the influence that boiler preheating device high temperature brings, can also improve the comprehensive cycle efficieny of entire power plant.At unit embodiment, can improve the unit overall efficiency with the 1000MW secondary, the coal consumption that debases the standard ~ 2 g/kwh.With year generating 7000 hours, 1200 yuan/T of mark coal calculated, and unit year is economized 1.4 ten thousand tons in coal, year saving fund 1,680 ten thousand.
(3) this utility model is implemented to reduce steamer regenerative steam amount, and when saving power plant water, the acting of assurance steam turbine is exerted oneself.The steam turbine main steam flow reduces 50t/h than comparing with the conventional double reheat unit of power, can reduce the water treatment expense of unit in running in a large number.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the coal-fired unit heat flow diagrams of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of first kind of coal-fired unit steam heat power system of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of second kind of coal-fired unit steam heat power system of the present utility model.
Number in the figure is represented: 1-steam turbine, 1-1-ultra-high pressure cylinder, 1-2-high pressure cylinder, 1-3-intermediate pressure cylinder, 1-4-low pressure (LP) cylinder, 2-boiler, 3-reheater, 4-high-pressure heater, 5-flue gas-steam heat exchanger.
The specific embodiment
Shown in Fig. 23, the utility model is a kind of coal-fired unit steam heat power system, comprises steam turbine 1 and boiler 2.Steam turbine 1 is made up of some grades of cylinders, and in this specific embodiment, steam turbine 1 comprises ultra-high pressure cylinder 1-1, high pressure cylinder 1-2, intermediate pressure cylinder 1-3 and the low pressure (LP) cylinder 1-4 that sets gradually.Be provided with some grades of reheaters 3 in the boiler 2, in this specific embodiment, reheater 3 is reheater 3, secondary reheater 3 etc. once.Be provided with some high-pressure heaters 4 between the cylinders at different levels of steam turbine 1.The steam that high-pressure heater 4 and reheater 3 are discharged every grade of cylinder steam (vapor) outlet, assist heating, the vapor (steam) temperature of guaranteeing to enter the next stage cylinder reaches the working stamndard of steam turbine 1.Concrete: the steam (vapor) outlet of boiler 2 connects the steam inlet of the first order cylinder (being ultra-high pressure cylinder 1-1 in this specific embodiment) of steam turbine 1 by jet chimney; The steam (vapor) outlet of the first order cylinder of steam turbine 1 (ultra-high pressure cylinder 1-1) connects the steam inlet of high-pressure heater 4, reheater 3 and second level cylinder (being high pressure cylinder 1-2 in this specific embodiment) successively by jet chimney; By that analogy, finish acting process from ultra-high pressure cylinder 1-1 to low pressure (LP) cylinder 1-4 until steam.
Innovation part of the present utility model is: the jet chimney between the exhanst gas outlet pipeline of boiler 2 and steam turbine 1 cylinders at different levels is provided with flue gas-steam heat exchanger 5.Flue gas-steam heat exchanger 5 is pipe type heat transfer device or plate-type heat-exchange device, and the fume waste heat that flue gas-steam heat exchanger 5 is discharged boiler 2 exchanges to steam working medium, brings circulatory system acting into, realizes the used heat utilization.Flue gas-steam heat exchanger 5 can serial or parallel connection in traditional traditional therrmodynamic system, can be arranged on boiler 2 inside (as Fig. 1), also can be arranged on the outside (as Fig. 1) of boiler 2.For example in this specific embodiment, flue gas-steam heat exchanger 5 is connected in parallel in traditional traditional therrmodynamic system, concrete: be provided with flue gas-steam heat exchanger 5 between the jet chimney that the steam (vapor) outlet of the first order cylinder of steam turbine 1 (ultra-high pressure cylinder 1-1) connects and the exhanst gas outlet pipeline of boiler 2, flue gas-steam heat exchanger 5 preheats the steam that high pressure cylinder 1-1 discharges, by high-pressure heater 4 and reheater 3 it is assisted heating again, at last standard compliant steam is sent into second level cylinder (high pressure cylinder 1-2).
The smoke inlet of flue gas-steam heat exchanger 5 connects the exhanst gas outlet pipeline of boiler 2, and the smoke inlet place of flue gas-steam heat exchanger 5 is provided with air intake valve.This air intake valve is provided with temperature detect switch (TDS), temperature detect switch (TDS) specifically is made of temperature sensor and electric switch: the flue-gas temperature in the exhanst gas outlet pipeline of temperature sensor measurement boiler 2, when reaching allowable value, electric switch opens, 5 work of flue gas-steam heat exchanger; Otherwise flue gas-steam heat exchanger 5 is not worked.
In this specific embodiment, the air intake valve of flue gas-steam heat-exchanging apparatus 5 is temperature control adjusting valve, and the flue-gas temperature that the valve opening of temperature control adjusting valve is discharged with the exhanst gas outlet pipeline of boiler 2 changes, regulates automatically.When the exhaust gas temperature of boiler 2 was higher than 130 ℃, temperature control adjusting valve was opened, flue gas-steam heat-exchanging apparatus 5 input coefficients use; Load reduces, and when the exhaust gas temperature of boiler 2 was lower than 130 ℃, temperature control adjusting valve was closed, flue gas-steam heat-exchanging apparatus 5 is stopped using.
Claims (4)
1. coal-fired unit steam heat power system, comprise steam turbine and boiler, described steam turbine is made up of some grades of cylinders, the steam (vapor) outlet of boiler connects the steam inlet of the first order cylinder of steam turbine by jet chimney, the steam (vapor) outlet of the first order cylinder of steam turbine connects high-pressure heater by jet chimney successively, the steam inlet of reheater and second level cylinder, by that analogy, it is characterized in that: be provided with flue gas-steam heat exchanger between the exhanst gas outlet pipeline of described boiler and the jet chimney, the fume waste heat that flue gas-steam heat exchanger is discharged boiler exchanges to steam working medium, bring circulatory system acting into, realize the used heat utilization.
2. coal-fired unit steam heat power according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described flue gas-steam heat exchanger is pipe type heat transfer device or plate-type heat-exchange device.
3. coal-fired unit steam heat power according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: the smoke inlet of described flue gas-steam heat exchanger connects the exhanst gas outlet pipeline of boiler, and the smoke inlet place of flue gas-steam heat exchanger is provided with air intake valve.
4. coal-fired unit steam heat power according to claim 2 system, it is characterized in that: described air intake valve is provided with temperature detect switch (TDS).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220691668 CN203036625U (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | Coal-fired unit steam thermal system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220691668 CN203036625U (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | Coal-fired unit steam thermal system |
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| CN203036625U true CN203036625U (en) | 2013-07-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201220691668 Expired - Lifetime CN203036625U (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | Coal-fired unit steam thermal system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107559058A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-01-09 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | A kind of Thermal-mechanical Coupling electricity generation system of waste incinerator middle pressure steam and coal unit |
| CN110375285A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-10-25 | 彭万旺 | Efficient burning cooling system and gas cooler |
-
2012
- 2012-12-14 CN CN 201220691668 patent/CN203036625U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107559058A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-01-09 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | A kind of Thermal-mechanical Coupling electricity generation system of waste incinerator middle pressure steam and coal unit |
| CN107559058B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-09-13 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | A kind of Thermal-mechanical Coupling electricity generation system of waste incinerator middle pressure steam and coal unit |
| CN110375285A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-10-25 | 彭万旺 | Efficient burning cooling system and gas cooler |
| CN110375285B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2024-02-06 | 彭万旺 | Efficient combustion cooling system and flue gas cooler |
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Granted publication date: 20130703 |